CN112314506A - Biological reaction device and method for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments and application - Google Patents
Biological reaction device and method for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314506A CN112314506A CN202011021992.8A CN202011021992A CN112314506A CN 112314506 A CN112314506 A CN 112314506A CN 202011021992 A CN202011021992 A CN 202011021992A CN 112314506 A CN112314506 A CN 112314506A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological reaction experimental equipment, and discloses a biological reaction device, a method and application for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments, wherein a supporting plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of an experimental aquarium and is provided with a heating part, and a lighting element is fixed at the upper end of the experimental aquarium; the experimental aquarium is connected with the seawater circulating system through a guide pipe, and the front of the experimental aquarium is provided with a wave generating component; the left end of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component, and the front of the experimental aquarium is fixed with a control component. The invention can simulate various extreme environments such as high-pressure environment of deep sea or overweight environment of an alien planet, ultraviolet light or light irradiation of various wavelengths, high and low temperature, high and low pH, high and low pressure and the like. The method can be used for researching the reaction of various aquatic or terrestrial small organisms to various extreme environments, the tolerance limit test of organisms to various extreme environments, domestication experiments and the like, and has special application value for researching the origin and evolution of earth life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological reaction experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a biological reaction device, a biological reaction method and application for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments.
Background
In recent years, extreme climatic conditions of the ocean are frequent, such as the el nino phenomenon, and the temperature of seawater in tropical oceans in the eastern and middle parts of the pacific ocean is abnormally and continuously warmed, so that the climate pattern of the whole world is changed, and the activity of human beings and marine organisms is seriously affected. In extreme climates or extreme environments of oceans, people mainly discharge a large amount of carbon dioxide in production and living, which can cause the temperature of atmosphere and seawater to rise, and the carbon dioxide is dissolved in water to acidify the seawater, seriously affect the living environment of marine fishes and organisms, even cause the death and extinction of some marine organisms, such as the whitening phenomenon of coral reefs and the like. In addition, ozone holes in the atmosphere expose marine organisms to intense uv radiation, which can also cause the alteration and death of marine organisms. In addition, the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, the overweight environment of the extraterrestrial globe, the vacuum environment in the outer space, and the like, how the organism reacts to such extreme environments, to what extent the tolerance limit of the terrestrial organism to these extreme environments is reached, and the terrestrial organism has no ability to adapt to the extreme environments by domestication, and the like. These have been problems with human thinking, the origin of life in research, and evolution. In order to better predict and research organisms, including living activities and evolution trends of terrestrial and aquatic organisms in various extreme environments, and to represent various extreme environmental changes in a laboratory, it is necessary to simulate illumination or ultraviolet strong irradiation of various wavelengths, discharge of various gases, such as temperature rise caused by excessive discharge of carbon dioxide and seawater acidification, high-pressure environment, low-temperature environment of deep sea, high-temperature environment of volcanic eruption, vacuum environment of outer space, overweight environment of outer planet, and the like, and it is also necessary to simulate marine water environment or land environment, and the like. At present, there are related devices for the simulated cultivation of microorganisms only in extreme environments, and there is no experimental device for the simulated cultivation of microorganisms in extreme environments for small aquatic organisms (such as fish, sea anemone, hydroid, polyp, protozoa, etc.) and terrestrial organisms (such as lizard, insect, water panda, etc.).
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: at present, no simulation culture experimental device for miniature aquatic organisms (such as fish, anemone, hydroid, polypide, protist and the like) and terrestrial organisms (such as lizard, insect, water panda and the like) under extreme environments exists.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the conditions of the earth extreme living environment are complex, the environment parameters which can be simulated in reality are limited, and even the extreme environment living rules with a plurality of lives exceed the prior knowledge level, however, the extreme environment living rules have special significance for exploring the origin and the evolution of the earth life. Therefore, it is difficult to simulate the research of life science in various extreme environments of the earth under the existing laboratory conditions. The traditional incubator or artificial climate chamber can only change environmental parameters to a certain degree or is only suitable for transient experiments of microorganisms or individual organisms, which is the biggest technical defect encountered by understanding and researching life activities in extreme environments.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: in order to solve the problems and the technical defects to the maximum extent, the biological reaction device provided by the invention simultaneously simulates a high-pressure environment of deep sea or an overweight environment of an alien ball, ultraviolet light or light irradiation with various wavelengths, high and low temperature, high and low pH, high and low pressure, complex gas, vacuum and other extreme environments. Meanwhile, various common small aquatic organisms and terrestrial organisms are comprehensively considered to live in environmental conditions, conventional function modular design is carried out, the survival rate of organisms in extreme environments and the success rate of experiments can be greatly improved, and more powerful technical support can be provided for deepening understanding of the life activity principle and the survival rule of the extreme environments of the earth and researching the origin and evolution of the earth life.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a biological reaction device, a method and application for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments.
The invention is realized by a biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments, which is provided with:
an experimental aquarium;
the bottom of the experimental aquarium is horizontally provided with a supporting plate, the supporting plate is provided with a heating component, and the upper end of the experimental aquarium is fixed with a lighting element;
the experimental aquarium is connected with the seawater circulating system through a guide pipe, and the front of the experimental aquarium is provided with a wave generating component;
the left end of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component, and the front of the experimental aquarium is fixed with a control component;
the experimental aquarium is respectively connected with the water replenishing tank and the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system through the guide pipe.
Furthermore, the experimental aquarium is made of transparent toughened glass, and the supporting plate is provided with a drainage hole for water entering.
Furthermore, the lighting element is provided with a xenon lamp and an ultraviolet lamp, the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp are electrically connected with the illumination time controller through an illumination switch, and the illumination time controller is electrically connected with the control component;
the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp are arranged in the experimental aquarium and are positioned above the supporting plate, and the distance between the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp and the supporting plate is 85-90 cm.
Further, the heating means includes: the heating coil, the heating time controller and the heating switch;
the heating coil is arranged in the biological aquarium and is positioned below the supporting plate, the heating coil is connected with the heating switch, the heating coil is electrically connected with the heating time controller through the heating switch, and the heating time controller is electrically connected with the control component.
Further, the seawater circulation system includes: a water outlet conduit and a water inlet conduit;
the water inlet guide pipe is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is positioned 5cm above the supporting plate, and the water outlet guide pipe is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is positioned 60cm above the supporting plate;
the water outlet conduit and the water inlet conduit are provided with conduit switches which are electrically connected with the control part;
the water outlet conduit and the water inlet conduit are communicated with a water pump and a water replenishing tank which are arranged outside the experimental aquarium.
Further, the wave generating component includes: a seawater wave generator, a rotating speed controller and a wave generator switch;
the seawater wave generator is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is connected with the wave generator switch; the seawater wave generator is connected with the rotating speed controller, and the rotating speed controller is electrically connected with the control component.
Further, the temperature and pH detecting means includes: thermocouple thermometers and pH meters;
the left part of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component which is electrically connected with the control component.
Further, the water replenishing tank and the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system comprise a water outlet conduit, a water inlet conduit, a water pump, a filter screen, a water replenishing tank, air stones, an air inlet pipe, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe, a gas flow controller, a three-way joint and an air-carbon dioxide mixed inlet pipe;
a water pump is arranged beside the water replenishing tank and is respectively connected with a water pump switch and a flow rate controller for controlling water flow;
the water replenishing tank is connected with the water pump through a water inlet guide pipe, and the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium through the water inlet guide pipe; the water replenishing tank is connected with the water pump through a water outlet guide pipe, the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium through the water outlet guide pipe,
wherein, the other end connected with the water pump conduit is placed into the water replenishing tank;
the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system is provided with a carbon dioxide air inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, the carbon dioxide air inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected with a gas flow controller, and the gas flow controllers are connected with the three-way joint;
wherein the gas flow controller is electrically connected to the control component;
the other end of the three-way joint is connected with an air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is connected with a gas stone.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for simultaneously simulating biological reactions in a plurality of extreme environments using the apparatus for simultaneously simulating biological reactions in a plurality of extreme environments, the method comprising:
firstly, feeding marine organisms or amphibious small organisms on a support plate in an experimental aquarium;
turning on an illumination control switch, a heating control switch, a seawater flow controller and a water pump switch, a seawater wave generator controller switch and a carbon dioxide-air flow control switch through a control panel, and turning on a xenon lamp, an ultraviolet lamp, a heating coil, a seawater wave generator, a water pump and a carbon dioxide and air flow PLC controller respectively;
and step three, the inner wall of the experiment box is further provided with an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor, a water flow sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a pressure sensor, a pH sensor and the like, and the real-time extreme experiment environment conditions of the marine organisms or the amphibious small organisms are obtained by detecting indexes such as illumination, temperature, water flow velocity, carbon dioxide content, pressure, pH and the like in the experiment area through the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor, the water flow sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, the pressure sensor, the pH sensor and the like.
And step four, the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor, the water flow sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, the pressure sensor, the pH sensor and the like are in signal connection with the PLC, and the controller is in signal connection with the electromagnetic valve, the illumination signal and the heater. Can detect the velocity of water flow through rivers sensor, and then through the output of adjusting the water pump motor, realize the regulation to the liquid level velocity of water flow, and then realize the simulation to the velocity of water flow under the different extreme living environment of biology. Can detect the temperature through temperature sensor, when needs regulation temperature, send signal to the heater through the controller for the water in the return water district is heated in the heater work, and the water after the heating is added to the experimental area after being absorbed by the water pump in, and then realizes the regulation to the temperature in the experimental area. Can detect illumination intensity through illumination sensor, when needs adjust illumination, send the signal to xenon lamp, ultraviolet lamp through the controller for xenon lamp, ultraviolet lamp work, and then realize the regulation to illumination in the experimental area. Can detect the district's carbon dioxide concentration through the carbon dioxide sensor, when needs adjust carbon dioxide, send signal to the carbon dioxide solenoid valve that admits air through the controller for open the solenoid valve input carbon dioxide that admits air, and then realize the regulation to carbon dioxide concentration in the laboratory. Can detect the experiment district pH through the pH sensor, when needs adjust pH, send the signal to the solenoid valve of acid, alkali buffer solution jar respectively through the controller for the dose of automatically regulated measuring pump, and then the realization is to the regulation of the interior pH of experiment district.
And fifthly, after the adjustment is finished, carrying out marine organism response experiment under the simulated marine extreme environment condition in the experimental aquarium. For example, the sea medaka has different food intake and reproduction under different water temperature environments.
The invention also aims to provide a response test method for simulating seawater waves, ultraviolet irradiation, solarization, seawater high temperature and seawater acidification marine organisms, which uses the biological reaction device for simulating various extreme environments simultaneously.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating various extreme environments, which comprises an experimental box, a special transparent centrifugal culture cabin, a special permeable culture cabin cover, a centrifugal part, a part for simulating sunlight illumination, fluorescence and ultraviolet light, a heating part, a refrigerating part, a humidity adjusting part, a temperature detecting part, a control part, a PH detecting part, an air pressure adjusting part, a gas introduction adjusting part and the like, and the cooperation of the control part, the experiment box and the culture cabin are internally provided with the environment which can simultaneously simulate illumination with various wavelengths or strong ultraviolet irradiation, discharge of various gases, such as temperature rise caused by excessive discharge of carbon dioxide, seawater acidification and the like, a high-pressure environment, a low-temperature environment, a high-temperature environment of volcanic eruption, a vacuum environment of outer space, an overweight environment of outer planet and the like, and also need to simulate a marine water environment or a land environment and the like. The marine environment change and performance under extreme climates can be simultaneously characterized in a biological response experimental box. The invention relates to a biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating various extreme environments, which is simple and convenient to operate and can be controlled in real time.
Meanwhile, each control component of the invention is electrically connected with a control panel of the experimental box and is respectively used for controlling the illumination and special illumination, temperature, pH, humidity, air pressure and gas composition in the experimental box and the centrifugal culture cabin and providing overweight simulation environment in the culture cabin. The invention relates to a biological reaction device capable of simulating various extreme environments simultaneously, which can simulate various extreme environments such as a high-pressure environment of deep sea or an overweight environment of a planet, ultraviolet light or light irradiation of various wavelengths, high and low temperature, high and low pH, high and low pressure, complex gas, vacuum and the like. The method can be used for researching the reaction of various aquatic or terrestrial small organisms to various extreme environments, the tolerance limit test of the organisms to various extreme environments, domestication experiments thereof and the like.
(2) The experimental aquarium is made of transparent toughened glass and has the specification of 120 multiplied by 60 multiplied by 100 cm. The supporting plate is provided with a drainage hole for water entering and is used for conducting the heating seawater by the heating coil.
(3) The control part is electrically connected with the illumination time controller and is used for controlling the illumination time controller to adjust the opening time of the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp. The illumination time controller is electrically connected with the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp through an illumination switch and is used for controlling the on or off of the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp.
(4) A heating coil is arranged in the biological aquarium and below the supporting plate, and the heating coil is connected with a heating switch and used for turning on or off the heating of the heating coil. The heating coil is electrically connected with the heating time controller through the heating switch, and the heating time controller is electrically connected with the control part and used for controlling the heating time controller to adjust the heating time of the heating coil.
(5) The water outlet conduit and the water inlet conduit are provided with conduit switches which are electrically connected with the control part and used for controlling the conduit switches to turn on or off the circulating water flow and adjust the volume of the seawater in the experimental aquarium.
(6) The seawater wave generator is arranged in the experimental aquarium and connected with the wave generator switch for turning on or turning off the seawater wave generator. The seawater wave generator is connected to the rotating speed controller, and the rotating speed controller is electrically connected to the control component and used for controlling the rotating speed controller to adjust the rotating speed of the seawater wave generator.
(7) The left part of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component for detecting the temperature and pH of seawater in the experimental aquarium.
(8) The water replenishing tank is connected with a water pump through a water inlet guide pipe, and the water pump is connected with an experimental aquarium through a water inlet guide pipe and is used for inputting seawater in the water replenishing tank into the experimental aquarium through the water inlet guide pipe; meanwhile, the water replenishing tank is connected with the water pump through the water outlet guide pipe, the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium through the water outlet guide pipe, seawater with redundant volume in the experimental aquarium is pumped back into the water replenishing tank through the water outlet guide pipe, and the volume of the seawater in the experimental aquarium is controlled. The other end of the water pump pipe is connected with a water replenishing tank and is connected with a detachable filter screen in parallel, so that the pipe is prevented from being blocked by impurities in the seawater.
(9) The invention respectively controls the flow rate of the introduced carbon dioxide and air through the gas flow controller, and the control component is electrically connected with the gas flow controller and the switch and is used for respectively controlling the flow controller to adjust the flow rate of the introduced carbon dioxide and air so as to control the proportion of the carbon dioxide and the air. The other end of the three-way joint is connected with an air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe, the other end of the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is connected with a detachable air stone in parallel, and the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is placed into seawater in the water replenishing tank to replenish carbon dioxide dissolved in the seawater and adjust the pH value of the seawater.
(10) The present invention is based on the above control steps and methods to achieve control of relevant parameters of the bioreactor including light, temperature (deg.C), pressure (KPa), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (atm), pH, flow rate of water (m/s), acceleration/centrifugation speed (g), etc. The invention can realize the simulation of various extreme environments or climates by setting or controlling parameters of an experimental device, realizes the simulated ocean extreme environment (shown in table I), comprises an ancient ecological climate mode, an industrialized early-period mode, a deep sea extreme environment mode, an ocean acidification mode, an extreme high-temperature climate mode, an extreme low-temperature climate mode, a high-altitude climate mode, a vacuum experimental mode and the like, and is used for researching the extreme biological reaction of various marine organisms.
In table one, by setting or controlling parameters of the experimental device, simulation of various ocean extreme environments or climate modes can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological reaction apparatus for simultaneously simulating various extreme environments according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water storage tank provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control panel and an air inlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a simulation method for a biological reaction apparatus for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a graphical representation of coral albino% versus pH for an extreme pH environment biological reaction, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a thermocouple thermometer; 2. a pH meter; 3. a seawater wave generator; 4. a support plate; 5. a heating coil; 6. a xenon lamp; 7. an ultraviolet lamp; 8. a control panel; 9. an experimental aquarium; 10. a water outlet conduit; 11. a water inlet conduit; 12. a water pump; 13. a filter screen; 14. a water replenishing tank; 15. air stone; 16. an air inlet pipe; 17. a carbon dioxide inlet pipe; 18. a gas flow controller; 19. a three-way joint; 20. an air-carbon dioxide mixture inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a biological reaction device, a method and an application for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the experimental aquarium section of a bioreaction apparatus for simulating a plurality of extreme environments simultaneously is referred to in this example. The part comprises a thermocouple thermometer 1, a pH meter 2, a seawater wave generator 3, a supporting plate 4, a heating coil 5, a xenon lamp 6, an ultraviolet lamp 7, a control panel 8, an experimental aquarium 9, a water outlet guide pipe 10 and a water inlet guide pipe 11.
The bottom of the experimental aquarium 9 is horizontally provided with a supporting plate 4, and the experimental aquarium 9 is made of transparent toughened glass and has the specification of 120 multiplied by 60 multiplied by 100 cm. The support plate 4 has drainage holes (not shown in the drawings) for the incoming water for conduction of the heating coil to the heated seawater.
The quantity of the drainage holes arranged on the support plate 4 is 8 rows by 12 columns, and the drainage holes are uniformly distributed on the support plate 4. The drainage hole is a circular hole with the diameter of 1.0 cm. The supporting plate 4 is made of toughened glass or stainless steel material, and can also be made of other materials.
As shown in fig. 1, the lighting element includes: the xenon lamp 6, the ultraviolet lamp 7, the illumination time controller and the illumination switch, which are not shown in the drawing.
A xenon lamp 6 and an ultraviolet lamp 7 are arranged in the experimental aquarium 9 and above the supporting plate 4, and the distance between the xenon lamp 6 and the ultraviolet lamp 7 and the supporting plate 4 is 85-90 cm.
The control component is electrically connected with the illumination time controller and is used for controlling the illumination time controller to adjust the opening time of the xenon lamp 6 and the ultraviolet lamp 7. The illumination time controller is electrically connected with the xenon lamp 6 and the ultraviolet lamp 7 through an illumination switch and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the xenon lamp 6 and the ultraviolet lamp 7.
In the embodiment, the tube temperature of the xenon lamp 6 is 45 ℃, the power of the xenon lamp 6 is 1.8kW, and the wavelength of the light generated by the xenon lamp 6 is 290-800 nm. The power of the ultraviolet lamp 7 is 100W, and the wavelength of light generated by the ultraviolet lamp 7 is 254-365 nm.
In this embodiment, the lighting component may further include LED lamps with various irradiation wavelengths, a fluorescent lamp and an ultraviolet lamp, a timing switch controller and a light intensity controller, the LED lamps with various irradiation wavelengths, the fluorescent lamp and the ultraviolet lamp, and the lighting timing switch controller and the light intensity controller are disposed in the experimental box and located above and below the box body, and the lighting timing switch controller and the light intensity controller are electrically connected to the LED lamps with various irradiation wavelengths, the fluorescent lamp and the ultraviolet lamp, and are used for controlling the LED lamps with various irradiation wavelengths, the fluorescent lamp and the ultraviolet lamp to be turned on or off at regular time, and the light intensity thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the heating part includes: the heating coil 5, a heating time controller, and a heating switch, which are not shown in the drawings.
A heating coil 5 is disposed in the biological aquarium 9 below the support plate 4, and the heating coil 5 is connected to a heating switch for turning on or off the heating of the heating coil 5. The heating coil 5 is electrically connected to a heating time controller through a heating switch, and the heating time controller is electrically connected to a control part for controlling the heating time controller to adjust the heating time of the heating coil 5.
In this embodiment, the heating unit has a heating coil and a thermostat controller, the heating coil is disposed in the experimental box and located on the side wall of the experimental box, the heating unit has a heating time controller electrically connected to the heating coil, and the control unit is electrically connected to the heating time controller and the thermostat controller for controlling the heating time and the thermostat controller to adjust the heating time of the heating coil and the temperature rise in the box.
In this embodiment, the refrigeration part has liquid condenser and thermostatic control ware, the liquid condenser is located the experimental box outer wall just is located the below of experimental box, the refrigeration part has refrigeration time controller, refrigeration time controller electricity connect in the liquid condenser, the liquid condenser passes through the low temperature in heat transfer control experimental box and the culture cabin. The refrigeration time and temperature controller is used for adjusting the refrigeration time of the liquid condenser and the temperature reduction in the tank.
As shown in fig. 1, the seawater circulation system includes: a water outlet conduit 10 and a water inlet conduit 11;
a water inlet guide pipe 11 is arranged in the experimental aquarium 9 and 5cm above the supporting plate 4, and a water outlet guide pipe 10 is arranged in the experimental aquarium 9 and 60cm above the supporting plate 4.
The water outlet conduit 10 and the water inlet conduit 11 are provided with conduit switches, which are not shown in the drawings. The conduit switch is electrically connected to the control unit for controlling the conduit switch to turn on or off the circulating water flow to adjust the volume of seawater in the experimental aquarium 9.
The water outlet conduit 10 and the water inlet conduit 11 are communicated with a water pump and a water replenishing tank which are arranged outside the experimental aquarium, and the detailed description is shown in figure 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the wave generating member includes: the seawater wave generator 3, the rotating speed controller and the wave generator switch, which are not shown in the attached drawings.
The experimental aquarium 9 is internally provided with a seawater wave generator 3, and the seawater wave generator 3 is connected with a wave generator switch and used for turning on or off the seawater wave generator 3. The seawater wave generator 3 is connected to a rotation speed controller, and the rotation speed controller is electrically connected to the control component and is used for controlling the rotation speed controller to adjust the rotation speed of the seawater wave generator 3. Wherein, the rotation speed controller controls the rotation speed range of the seawater wave generator 3 to be 0-10 r/s. The number of the seawater wave generators 3 is not limited to 2, and may be 1, 3, or 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the temperature and pH detecting part includes: thermocouple thermometer 1 and pH meter 2.
The left part of the experimental aquarium 9 is provided with a temperature and pH detection component for detecting the temperature and pH of the seawater in the experimental aquarium 9. The temperature and pH detecting means (thermocouple thermometer 1 and pH meter 2) are electrically connected to the control means.
As shown in FIG. 2, the water replenishing tank and the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system of the biological reaction device for simulating various extreme environments simultaneously are provided in the present embodiment. The part comprises a water outlet conduit 10, a water inlet conduit 11, a water pump 12, a filter screen 13, a water replenishing tank 14, an air stone 15, an air inlet pipe 16 (connected with an air pump), a carbon dioxide inlet pipe 17 (connected with a carbon dioxide gas bottle), a gas flow controller 18, a three-way joint 19 and an air-carbon dioxide mixed inlet pipe 20.
As shown in fig. 2, a water pump 12 is disposed beside the replenishing tank 14, and the water pump 12 is connected to and adjusted by a water pump switch and a flow rate controller (not shown in the drawing) for controlling the flow of water, respectively.
The water replenishing tank 14 is connected with the water pump 12 through the water inlet guide pipe 11, the water pump 12 is connected with the experimental aquarium 9 through the water inlet guide pipe 11 and is used for inputting the seawater in the water replenishing tank 14 into the experimental aquarium 9 through the water inlet guide pipe 11; meanwhile, the water replenishing tank 14 is connected with a water pump through a water outlet guide pipe 10, the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium 9 through the water outlet guide pipe 10, seawater with redundant volume in the experimental aquarium 9 is pumped back into the water replenishing tank 14 through the water outlet guide pipe 10, and the volume of the seawater in the experimental aquarium 9 is controlled. Wherein, the other end of the conduit connected with the water pump 12 is placed into the water replenishing tank and is connected with the detachable filter screen for preventing the impurities of the seawater from blocking the conduit.
As shown in fig. 2, the carbon dioxide-air PH adjusting system includes: the device comprises an air stone 15, an air inlet pipe (connected with an air pump) 16, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe (connected with a carbon dioxide gas bottle) 17, a gas flow controller 18, a three-way joint 19 and an air-carbon dioxide mixed inlet pipe 20.
The carbon dioxide inlet pipe 17 and the air inlet pipe 16 are respectively connected with a gas flow controller 18, and the gas flow controllers 18 are connected with a three-way joint 19; the flow rates at which carbon dioxide and air are introduced are controlled by the gas flow controller 18, and the control unit is electrically connected to the gas flow controller and a switch, not shown in the drawings, for controlling the flow controllers to adjust the flow rates of the introduced carbon dioxide and air, respectively, and thus to control the ratio of carbon dioxide to air.
The other end of the three-way joint 19 is connected with an air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe 20, the other end of the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is connected with a detachable air stone 15 in parallel, and the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is placed into seawater in the water replenishing tank to replenish carbon dioxide dissolved in the seawater and adjust the pH value of the seawater.
In this embodiment, the control component is a control panel 8, the control panel 8 is disposed on the experimental aquarium 9, and the above-mentioned illumination switch, illumination time controller, heating switch, heating time controller, seawater circulation conduit switch, water pump switch and flow rate controller, seawater wave generator switch and rotation speed controller, thermocouple thermometer and pH meter 2, carbon dioxide and air flow controller and switch are disposed on the control panel 8, so that the worker can conveniently set corresponding parameters.
The invention is also provided with a centrifugal part, the symmetrical end parts of the centrifugal part with rotating arms are provided with the same hanging baskets, the centrifugal part is arranged in the experimental box and is positioned below the experimental box, the centrifugal part is provided with a rotating speed controller, the rotating speed controller is electrically connected with the centrifugal part, and the centrifugal part controls the overweight simulation environment in the culture cabin through the rotating speed controller.
In this embodiment, the centrifugal culture chamber is made of a light-permeable plastic material, and can hold solid-liquid matrixes such as seawater, fresh water and sand to create a condition for light culture. The centrifugal culture hatch cover is provided with air holes and a breathable film, and air in the experimental box can enter the culture cabin through the culture hatch cover, so that the air, the air pressure and the temperature and humidity in the culture cabin are balanced and the environment in the experimental box is balanced.
In this embodiment, the centrifugation part is arranged in and below the experimental box, the centrifugation part is provided with a rotation speed controller which is electrically connected with the centrifugation part, and the centrifugation part controls the overweight simulated environment in the culture cabin through the rotation speed controller.
The invention is also provided with an air pressure adjusting component, the air pressure adjusting component is arranged outside the experimental box and is connected with a pressure gauge to monitor the size of the sample in the experimental box in real time, and the air pressure adjusting component has the functions of pressurization or decompression and vacuum pumping. The gas introduction adjusting component is connected with the experimental box, various gases can be directly input into the experimental box, and carbon dioxide can be input for adjusting the pH value of liquid in the culture cabin.
In this embodiment, the biological reaction apparatus for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments is characterized by further comprising a humidification chamber, a hygrometer, a thermometer and a pH meter, wherein the thermometer and the pH meter are in contact with a micro-incubator fixed on the side wall of the laboratory chamber, the micro-incubator is similar to the centrifugal culture chamber in structure, and the detected thermometer and pH data can indirectly reflect the temperature and pH of the environment in the centrifugal culture chamber.
The method for simultaneously simulating biological reactions in various extreme environments, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the following steps:
s101: marine organisms or fishes are raised on a supporting plate in an experimental aquarium;
s102: the illumination control switch, the heating control switch, the seawater flow controller and the water pump switch are turned on through the control panel, the seawater wave generator controller is turned on and the carbon dioxide-air flow control switch is turned on, and the xenon lamp, the ultraviolet lamp, the heating coil, the seawater wave generator, the water pump and the carbon dioxide and air flow controller are respectively turned on;
s103: the seawater wave-making rotating speed controller, the illumination time controller, the heating time controller, the circulating water flow controller and the carbon dioxide and air flow controller are adjusted to respectively adjust the rotating speed of the seawater wave-making device, the illumination time of the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp, the heating time of the heating coil, the water flow velocity of the water pump and the proportion of the carbon dioxide and air (controlling the pH value of seawater).
S104: after the adjustment is finished, the experimental study of marine organism response is carried out under the extreme marine environmental conditions of simulated seawater waves, ultraviolet irradiation, solarization, seawater high temperature, seawater acidification and the like in the experimental aquarium.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: through the matching of an experimental aquarium, a supporting plate, a lighting and ultraviolet irradiation component, a heating component, a seawater wave-making component, a temperature and pH detection component, a control component, a seawater circulation system, a carbon dioxide-air seawater pH adjusting system and the like, and the control component, the biological response experiment box is internally provided with a plurality of ocean extreme environment condition elements which can simulate daylight day and night, ultraviolet irradiation, sea water waves, sea water current, high temperature, sea water acidification and the like, can simulate various ocean extreme environmental condition elements of natural sunlight day and night, ultraviolet irradiation, sea water waves, sea water current, high temperature and sea water acidification simultaneously in an experimental aquarium, the illumination time and intensity, the size of waves and circulating water flow, the temperature, the pH value of seawater and the like can be controlled through the control part, and the marine environment change and performance under extreme climate can be simultaneously represented in a biological response experiment box. The invention relates to a biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating various extreme environments, which is simple and convenient to operate and can be controlled in real time.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1 Effect of extreme ocean acidification on albinism Rate of certain coral species
Ocean acidification is one of the most serious extreme environments to be faced worldwide, in order to predict the effect of ocean acidification on the global coral reef within the next 100 years. The device of the invention is used for simulating extreme environments under a plurality of ocean acidification backgrounds and detecting the albinism (or death) rate of a certain coral species. And drawing a coral whitening rate% -pH biological reaction curve by taking the coral whitening rate% as an ordinate and the pH value of extreme acidification of the sea as an abscissa, and defining the pH value when the coral whitening rate is 50% as the pH value of the coral individual causing half whitening (or death). The median albinism (or death) of an individual coral species reflects the adaptation or tolerance of the coral to extreme pH. The smaller the pH value is, the stronger the adaptability or tolerance of a coral species to extreme pH drop is, and the greater the survival potential of the extreme ocean acidification environment in the future is. The coral whitening rate% in an extreme pH environment-pH response curve measured by a simulated extreme environment biological reaction device is shown in FIG. 5.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments, characterized in that the biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments is provided with:
an experimental aquarium;
the bottom of the experimental aquarium is horizontally provided with a supporting plate, the supporting plate is provided with a heating component, and the upper end of the experimental aquarium is fixed with a lighting element;
the experimental aquarium is connected with the seawater circulating system through a guide pipe, and the front of the experimental aquarium is provided with a wave generating component;
the left end of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component, and the front of the experimental aquarium is fixed with a control component;
the experimental aquarium is respectively connected with the water replenishing tank and the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system through a conduit.
2. The biological reaction device which can simulate various extreme environments simultaneously as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental aquarium is made of transparent tempered glass, and the supporting plate is provided with a drainage hole for water.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lighting device is provided with a xenon lamp and an ultraviolet lamp, the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp are electrically connected to the illumination time controller through an illumination switch, and the illumination time controller is electrically connected to the control unit;
the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp are arranged in the experimental aquarium and are positioned above the supporting plate, and the distance between the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp and the supporting plate is 85-90 cm.
4. The bioreaction device for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments of claim 1 wherein said heating means comprises: the heating coil, the heating time controller and the heating switch;
the heating coil is arranged in the biological aquarium and is positioned below the supporting plate, the heating coil is connected with the heating switch, the heating coil is electrically connected with the heating time controller through the heating switch, and the heating time controller is electrically connected with the control component.
5. The biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments as set forth in claim 1, wherein the seawater circulation system comprises: a water outlet conduit and a water inlet conduit;
the water inlet guide pipe is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is positioned 5cm above the supporting plate, and the water outlet guide pipe is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is positioned 60cm above the supporting plate;
the water outlet conduit and the water inlet conduit are provided with conduit switches which are electrically connected with the control part;
the water outlet conduit and the water inlet conduit are communicated with a water pump and a water replenishing tank which are arranged outside the experimental aquarium.
6. The apparatus for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein the wave-generating member comprises: a seawater wave generator, a rotating speed controller and a wave generator switch;
the seawater wave generator is arranged in the experimental aquarium and is connected with the wave generator switch; the seawater wave generator is connected with the rotating speed controller, and the rotating speed controller is electrically connected with the control component.
7. The apparatus for simultaneously simulating multiple extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and pH detecting means comprises: thermocouple thermometers and pH meters;
the left part of the experimental aquarium is provided with a temperature and pH detection component which is electrically connected with the control component.
8. The biological reaction device for simultaneously simulating a plurality of extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein the water replenishing tank and the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system comprise a water outlet conduit, a water inlet conduit, a water pump, a filter screen, a water replenishing tank, a gas stone, an air inlet pipe, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe, a gas flow controller, a three-way joint and an air-carbon dioxide mixed inlet pipe;
a water pump is arranged beside the water replenishing tank and is respectively connected with a water pump switch and a flow rate controller for controlling water flow;
the water replenishing tank is connected with the water pump through a water inlet guide pipe, and the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium through the water inlet guide pipe; the water replenishing tank is connected with the water pump through a water outlet guide pipe, the water pump is connected with the experimental aquarium through the water outlet guide pipe,
wherein, the other end connected with the water pump conduit is placed into the water replenishing tank;
the carbon dioxide-air pH adjusting system is provided with a carbon dioxide air inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, the carbon dioxide air inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected with a gas flow controller, and the gas flow controllers are connected with the three-way joint;
wherein the gas flow controller is electrically connected to the control component;
the other end of the three-way joint is connected with an air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air-carbon dioxide mixed air inlet pipe is connected with a gas stone.
9. A method for simultaneously simulating biological reactions in a plurality of extreme environments by using the apparatus for simultaneously simulating biological reactions in a plurality of extreme environments according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
firstly, feeding marine organisms or amphibious small organisms on a support plate in an experimental aquarium;
turning on an illumination control switch, a heating control switch, a seawater flow controller and a water pump switch, a seawater wave generator controller switch and a carbon dioxide-air flow control switch through a control panel, and turning on a xenon lamp, an ultraviolet lamp, a heating coil, a seawater wave generator, a water pump and a carbon dioxide and air flow PLC controller respectively;
thirdly, an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor, a water flow sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a pressure sensor and a pH sensor are further arranged on the inner wall of the experiment box, and the illumination, temperature, water flow velocity, carbon dioxide content, pressure and pH indexes in the experiment area are detected through the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor, the water flow sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the pressure sensor, so that the real-time extreme experiment environment condition of the marine organism or the amphibious small organism is obtained;
fourthly, the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor, the water flow sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, the pressure sensor, the pH sensor and the like are in signal connection with a PLC controller, and the controller is in signal connection with an electromagnetic valve, an illumination signal and a heater; the flow velocity of water flow can be detected through the water flow sensor, so that the adjustment of the flow velocity of water flow on the liquid surface is realized by adjusting the output power of a water pump motor, and the simulation of the flow velocity of water flow in different extreme living environments of organisms is realized; the water temperature can be detected through the temperature sensor, when the water temperature needs to be adjusted, a signal is sent to the heater through the controller, so that the heater works to heat water in the water return area, the heated water is sucked by the water pump and then added into the experimental area, and the adjustment of the water temperature in the experimental area is realized; the illumination intensity can be detected through the illumination sensor, and when the illumination needs to be adjusted, signals are sent to the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp through the controller, so that the xenon lamp and the ultraviolet lamp work, and the adjustment of the illumination in the experimental area is further realized; the carbon dioxide concentration in the experimental area can be detected through the carbon dioxide sensor, when the carbon dioxide needs to be adjusted, a signal is sent to the carbon dioxide air inlet electromagnetic valve through the controller, so that the air inlet electromagnetic valve is opened to input the carbon dioxide, and the adjustment of the carbon dioxide concentration in the experimental area is further realized; the pH sensor can detect the pH value of the experimental area, and when the pH value needs to be adjusted, the controller sends signals to the electromagnetic valves of the acid buffer solution tank and the alkali buffer solution tank respectively, so that the dosing quantity of the metering pump is automatically adjusted, and the adjustment of the pH value in the experimental area is realized;
and fifthly, after the adjustment is finished, carrying out marine organism response experiment under the simulated marine extreme environment condition in the experimental aquarium.
10. A response test method for simulating sea water waves, ultraviolet irradiation, solarization, sea water high temperature and sea water acidification marine organisms is characterized in that the response test method for simulating sea water waves, ultraviolet irradiation, solarization, sea water high temperature and sea water acidification marine organisms uses the biological reaction device which can simulate various extreme environments simultaneously according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN114747528A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-15 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral growth contrast device that velocity of flow is different |
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