CN112312344A - Intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing - Google Patents
Intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fermentation monitoring and wireless sensing, and discloses a solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system and method based on wireless sensing, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a plurality of terminal modules, a router module, a coordinator module and a wireless monitoring system host, wherein the terminal modules are arranged in a fermentation chamber; the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the fermentation tank; the temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with the AD conversion circuit, the AD conversion circuit and the radio frequency transceiving module are connected with the central control unit, a ZigBee wireless sensing network is built among the terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module, and the coordinator module is connected with the wireless monitoring system host through a serial port. The invention realizes real-time temperature and humidity monitoring of the fermentation chamber and the fermentation tank in the fermentation process by networking in a wireless sensing mode, does not need wiring, realizes high-efficiency and intelligent monitoring, and improves the detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fermentation monitoring and wireless sensing, and particularly relates to a solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system and method based on wireless sensing.
Background
Solid state fermentation refers to a process in which, in the presence of very little or even no free water, the corresponding microorganisms metabolize on crops such as grains with appropriate humidity, thereby decomposing the organic substances in the material. The microorganism has strict requirements on the environmental factors, especially the temperature change, and the small temperature change can seriously affect the propagation and metabolic processes of the microorganism, so that the monitoring on various environmental factors in the fermentation process is necessary.
The traditional solid state fermentation method lacks effective means for monitoring and controlling fermentation environment factors with high quality, such as monitoring of temperature and humidity, metabolism of microorganisms and the propagation and growth processes of the microorganisms, a large amount of heat is released to enable the temperature and humidity of the environment to change to a certain extent, the microorganisms are extremely sensitive to the temperature and humidity of the environment, and the biological reaction between the microorganisms and materials can be seriously influenced by overhigh and overlow temperatures, so that the fermentation has defects, and the temperature and the humidity need to be strictly monitored. Most conventional plants today obtain information about fermentation processes in two main ways: (1) an experienced worker judges whether the temperature meets the requirement or not through touch; (2) a thermometer was used to obtain temperature information within the fermentation chamber.
Obviously, the temperature information obtained by the two methods is inaccurate, continuous temperature change conditions cannot be obtained, and the real-time propagation and metabolism conditions of microorganisms cannot be reflected, so that workers cannot reasonably and perfectly schedule each stage of solid-state fermentation. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of solid state fermentation, it is necessary to monitor various environmental factors of the fermentation process. The improved device (CN 201410572750.6) on the market is to encapsulate the measuring device, insert the pipe into the fermented product, enter an off-line detection system in the box body, and only obtain the fermentation state parameters manually on site. The on-line parameter monitoring in the fermentation process is carried out by utilizing the prior sensor technology and adopting a wired transmission mode (CN 201510673561.2). Based on the situation, a system and a method for intelligently monitoring the temperature and the humidity of solid state fermentation in real time based on wireless sensing are provided, and the real-time online monitoring of parameters in the solid state fermentation process is realized by utilizing the ZigBee technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and solves the technical problems that: the system and the method for intelligently monitoring the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation in real time based on wireless sensing are provided, so that the intelligent real-time monitoring of the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensing comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a plurality of terminal modules, a router module, a coordinator module and a wireless monitoring system host, wherein the terminal modules are arranged in a fermentation chamber and comprise a general I/O interface, an AD conversion circuit, a radio frequency transceiver module, a power management module and a central control unit; the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the fermentation tank;
the temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with an AD conversion circuit through a general I/O interface, the AD conversion circuit and the radio frequency transceiver module are connected with a central control unit, the terminal module is in wireless connection with the router module through the radio frequency transceiver module, the router module is in wireless connection with the coordinator module, the terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module are respectively used as a terminal node, a sub-node and a central node to build a ZigBee wireless sensing network, and the coordinator module is connected with a wireless monitoring system host through a serial port.
The terminal modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation tanks, and the router modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation chambers.
The terminal module further comprises an LCD screen, and the LCD screen is connected with the central control unit and used for displaying the temperature collected by the terminal module.
The temperature and humidity sensor is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature sensor is a PT100 temperature sensor, and three temperature sensors are arranged in each fermentation tank.
The invention also provides a wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring method for the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation, which is realized based on the wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring system for the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, the coordinator module is used as a central node of the network to be electrified and initialized;
s2, the coordinator module selects a proper channel to establish a beacon-free network according to the result of channel energy scanning, and sets the PAN identifier and the network short address of the network;
s3, after the coordinator module successfully establishes the network, waiting for the router module to send a child node network access request signal;
s4, after being used as a child node, the router module is electrified and initialized, and then added into the network after detecting a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator;
s5, after the terminal module is used as a terminal node and is electrified and initialized, a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator are detected and then the terminal module is added into the network;
s6, after the terminal node successfully accesses the network, the timer enters an interrupt function according to a preset data acquisition time interval to wake up the system; then the central control unit communicates with the temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature sensor to finish the preliminary collection of temperature information and humidity information, and selects an optimal channel to send the collected temperature data and humidity data to the router module, then the router module enters a sleep state, and waits for the next awakening;
s7, the router module receives the data sent by each terminal node and then packs the data to send to the coordinator module;
s8, the coordinator module transmits the temperature and humidity information of the environment to the wireless monitoring system host computer in real time through the serial port;
and S9, processing the data by the wireless monitoring system host, filtering invalid data, and sending the invalid data to a main page for display, wherein the main page provides functions of real-time data graphical display, historical data query, early warning prompt and current network topology viewing.
The interactive interface of the wireless monitoring system host is written in a graphical editing language in a LabVIEW development environment.
The wireless monitoring system host adopts a modular design idea to be divided into a data acquisition module, a data display module, a database storage module, a parameter setting module and a data query module.
The database storage module of the wireless monitoring system host is used for simplifying the received data frame according to the format of C:%2s:% d-% d, then accessing the Access database by using a LabSQL tool packet and storing the Access database in each node table in a classified mode.
The working process of the wireless monitoring system host specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a wireless monitoring system host firstly loads a dynamic link library and prepares for opening a database link;
registering an account when a user logs in for the first time, and opening a login interface if the account exists;
the wireless monitoring system host machine compares the information used for inputting with a user information reservation table in a database, if the information is consistent with the user information reservation table in the database, the login is successful, and the user sets parameters to start to collect remote data;
the wireless monitoring system host classifies and preprocesses the acquired data, then displays the data in an interactive interface in real time, and calls a LabSQL tool package to open an Access opening database to perform a data storage function.
10. The intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing of claim 5, wherein in step S1, the power-on initialization of the coordinator module as the central node of the network includes ZigBee protocol stack initialization, event task initialization, clock initialization, serial port initialization, coordinator 64bit long address setting, register initialization, pin initialization and enable interrupt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensing uses a ZigBee technology to establish a ZigBee wireless sensing network, uses a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor and a PT100 temperature sensor to respectively carry out multi-point multi-parameter monitoring on a fermentation chamber and a fermentation tank, and can increase the types and the number of the sensors according to specific requirements.
2. The solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensing utilizes LabVIEW software to develop a visual real-time monitoring system, improves monitoring efficiency and real-time performance, does not need wiring, is low in cost and easy to maintain, and is easier to popularize in practical application.
3. The invention realizes real-time continuous monitoring of parameter information at different stages by using a wireless sensing technology, and provides scientific data for formulating operation standards in different seasons in practical production application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system for solid-state fermentation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ZigBee terminal node.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the ZigBee router module.
Fig. 4 is a work flow chart of a solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system host based on wireless sensing.
FIG. 5 is a single-point temperature measurement curve diagram of a solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensing.
In fig. 2, a 1-DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, a 2-PT100 temperature sensor, a 3-LCD screen, a 4-general I/O interface, a 5-A/D conversion circuit, a 6-radio frequency transceiver module, a 7-power management module, an 8-central control unit, a 9-fermentation chamber and a 10-fermentation tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system for solid-state fermentation, including a temperature and humidity sensor 1, a temperature sensor 2, a plurality of terminal modules, a router module, a coordinator module, and a wireless monitoring system host, where the terminal modules are disposed in a fermentation chamber, and include a general I/O interface 4, an AD conversion circuit 5, a radio frequency transceiver module 6, a power management module 7, and a central control unit 8; the temperature and humidity sensor 1 is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber, and the temperature sensor 2 is arranged in the fermentation tank;
the temperature and humidity sensor 1 and the temperature sensor 2 are connected with an AD conversion circuit 5 through a general I/O interface 4, the AD conversion circuit 5 and a radio frequency transceiver module 6 are connected with a central control unit 8, a terminal module is in wireless connection with a router module through the radio frequency transceiver module 6, the router module is in wireless connection with a coordinator module, the terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module are respectively used as a terminal node, a sub-node and a central node to build a ZigBee wireless sensing network, and the coordinator module is connected with a wireless monitoring system host through a serial port.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the terminal modules are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation tanks, and the router modules are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation chambers. That is, each fermentation tank is provided with a terminal module, each fermentation chamber is provided with a router module, and a plurality of terminal modules in each fermentation chamber upload acquired data to the coordinator module through the corresponding router modules outside the fermentation chamber.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the terminal module further includes an LCD screen 3, and the LCD screen 3 is connected to the central control unit 8 and is configured to display the temperature collected by the terminal module.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensor is DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and it is used for measuring the humiture in the fermentation chamber, temperature sensor is PT100 temperature sensor, sets up three temperature sensor in every fermentation cylinder, measures the temperature in three different places in the fermentation cylinder respectively.
Further, the embodiment also provides a wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring method for the temperature and humidity of solid state fermentation, which is realized based on the wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring system for the temperature and humidity of solid state fermentation, and the ZigBee technology is applied to the wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring system for the temperature and humidity of solid state fermentation to monitor the temperature information and the humidity information in the solid state fermentation process in real time on line; the method comprises the following steps:
and S1, the coordinator module is used as a central node of the network to be powered on and initialized. The coordinator module is started as a central node of a network firstly, and initialization of a system is performed firstly after equipment is powered on, wherein the initialization comprises ZigBee protocol stack initialization, event task initialization, clock initialization, serial port initialization, coordinator 64bit long address setting, register initialization, pin initialization, enabling interruption and the like.
S2, after the system initialization of the coordinator module is completed, selecting a proper channel according to the result of channel energy scanning to establish a beacon-free network, and setting the PAN identifier and the network short address of the network.
S3, after the coordinator module successfully establishes the network, waiting for the router module as the child node to send a child node network access request signal. A child node requests to join the network through a series of service primitives of the protocol stack. And after the child nodes successfully access the network, the coordinator starts to receive data.
S4, after being used as a child node, the router module is electrified and initialized, and then added into the network after detecting a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator; the work flow diagram of the router module is shown in fig. 3.
S5, after the terminal module is used as a terminal node and is electrified and initialized, a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator are detected and then the terminal module is added into the network; the network access flow of the terminal node is the same as that of the child node.
S6, after the terminal node successfully accesses the network, the timer enters an interrupt function according to a preset data acquisition time interval to wake up the system; then the central control unit communicates with the temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature sensor to finish the preliminary collection of the temperature information and the humidity information, and selects an optimal channel to send the collected temperature data and humidity data to the router module and then enters the dormancy to wait for the next awakening. And a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor arranged in the fermentation chamber and a PT100 temperature sensor arranged in the fermentation tank are communicated with the central control unit to finish primary acquisition of temperature information and humidity information.
And S7, the router module receives the data sent by each terminal node and then packages and sends the data to the coordinator module.
And S8, the coordinator module transmits the temperature and humidity information of the environment to the wireless monitoring system host in real time through the serial port.
S9, the wireless monitoring system host processes the data, filters invalid data and sends the invalid data to the main page for display, the main page provides real-time data graphical display, historical data query, early warning prompt and current network topology structure viewing functions, and dynamic real-time measurement and online monitoring are achieved.
The hardware (central processing unit and communication module) in the terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module have the same structure, and different functions are realized by changing programs in the hardware. The terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module are respectively used as a ZigBee terminal node, a ZigBee routing node and a ZigBee center node to form a ZigBee wireless sensing network, and the coordinator module is connected with a wireless monitoring system host through a serial port. The coordinator module role can be divided into two: 1. a sensor network is established, and information of each sub-node of the solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring device based on wireless sensing is monitored and managed; 2. and receiving the wireless data packet sent by the router or the terminal module, and transmitting information through the serial port. The router module has the following functions: the relay transponder is used as a wireless-sensing-based intelligent real-time monitoring device for temperature and humidity of solid state fermentation, so that the communication transmission range of the whole monitoring system is ensured to be large enough. The terminal module functions as follows: the data of DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors and PT100 temperature sensors in the fermentation chamber and the fermentation tank are collected and packaged into wireless data packets, and the wireless data packets are transmitted to the router module in real time through radio frequency transceiving. The destination addresses of the transmission in the equipment adopt 64-bit extended addresses, and the source addresses adopt 16-bit short addresses.
Activation mode of terminal node (terminal module): the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor and the PT100 temperature sensor transmit collected data, timer interrupt vectors are generated through the AD conversion module, and equipment is activated. Sleep mode of terminal node (terminal module): the timer completes counting and no activation signal of other equipment is received, and the equipment sleeps.
A wireless monitoring system host of the solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensing adopts a modular design idea, the system is divided into a data acquisition module, a data display module, a database storage module, a parameter setting module and a data query module, and the reliability and flexibility of the system are improved.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the work flow of the wireless monitoring system host specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a wireless monitoring system host firstly loads a dynamic link library and prepares for opening a database link;
registering an account when a user logs in for the first time, and opening a login interface if the account exists;
the wireless monitoring system host machine compares the information used for inputting with a user information reservation table in a database, if the information is consistent with the user information reservation table in the database, the login is successful, and the user sets parameters to start to collect remote data;
the wireless monitoring system host classifies and preprocesses the acquired data, then displays the data in an interactive interface in real time, and calls a LabSQL tool package to open an Access opening database to perform a data storage function.
In specific implementation, after the ZigBee coordinator node sends a network establishing request, the ZigBee route node and the ZigBee terminal node join the network, and the total time consumption is about 7 s. After the sensor network is successfully established, the ZigBee terminal nodes start to carry out field data acquisition, the acquired data are updated in real time and are displayed in a curve form, meanwhile, the acquired data are automatically stored in a database in a node-by-node manner, a single-point temperature measurement curve chart of the wireless-sensing-based solid state fermentation temperature and humidity intelligent real-time monitoring system is shown in FIG. 5, and different tabs can be selected to check information of each node.
According to the invention, the temperature and humidity in the solid state fermentation process can be accurately collected in real time by a ZigBee technology, and an interactive interface is compiled by adopting a graphical editing language modular programming idea in a LabVIEW development environment. The system is a relatively complete system for monitoring the temperature and humidity in the solid-state fermentation process in real time on line, solves a series of obvious defects of large error, discontinuity, hysteresis and the like of the traditional temperature and humidity detection mode, effectively avoids the problem of difficult wiring and power supply, and has great practical significance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing is characterized by comprising a temperature and humidity sensor (1), a temperature sensor (2), a plurality of terminal modules, a router module, a coordinator module and a wireless monitoring system host, wherein the terminal modules are arranged in a fermentation chamber and comprise a universal I/O interface (4), an AD conversion circuit (5), a radio frequency transceiver module (6), a power management module (7) and a central control unit (8); the temperature and humidity sensor (1) is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber, and the temperature sensor (2) is arranged in the fermentation tank;
the temperature and humidity sensor (1) and the temperature sensor (2) are connected with an AD conversion circuit (5) through a general I/O interface (4), the AD conversion circuit (5) and a radio frequency transceiver module (6) are connected with a central control unit (8), a terminal module is in wireless connection with a router module through the radio frequency transceiver module (6), the router module is in wireless connection with a coordinator module, the terminal module, the router module and the coordinator module are respectively used as a terminal node, a sub-node and a central node to build a ZigBee wireless sensing network, and the coordinator module and a wireless monitoring system host are connected through serial ports.
2. The system for intelligently monitoring the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation based on the wireless sensing of claim 1, wherein the terminal modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation tanks, and the router modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation chambers.
3. The system for intelligently monitoring the temperature and humidity of solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing according to claim 1, wherein the terminal module further comprises an LCD screen (3), and the LCD screen (3) is connected with the central control unit (8) and used for displaying the temperature collected by the terminal module.
4. The utility model provides a solid state fermentation humiture intelligence real-time supervision system based on wireless sensing, its characterized in that, temperature and humidity sensor (1) is DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, temperature sensor (2) are PT100 temperature sensor, set up three temperature sensor in every fermentation cylinder.
5. A wireless-sensor-based intelligent real-time monitoring method for temperature and humidity in solid state fermentation is realized by the wireless-sensor-based intelligent real-time monitoring system for temperature and humidity in solid state fermentation according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the coordinator module is used as a central node of the network to be electrified and initialized;
s2, the coordinator module selects a proper channel to establish a beacon-free network according to the result of channel energy scanning, and sets the PAN identifier and the network short address of the network;
s3, after the coordinator module successfully establishes the network, waiting for the router module to send a child node network access request signal;
s4, after being used as a child node, the router module is electrified and initialized, and then added into the network after detecting a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator;
s5, after the terminal module is used as a terminal node and is electrified and initialized, a PAN coordinator channel and a PAN identifier of a coordinator are detected and then the terminal module is added into the network;
s6, after the terminal node successfully accesses the network, the timer enters an interrupt function according to a preset data acquisition time interval to wake up the system; then the central control unit communicates with the temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature sensor to finish the preliminary collection of temperature information and humidity information, and selects an optimal channel to send the collected temperature data and humidity data to the router module, then the router module enters a sleep state, and waits for the next awakening;
s7, the router module receives the data sent by each terminal node and then packs the data to send to the coordinator module;
s8, the coordinator module transmits the temperature and humidity information of the environment to the wireless monitoring system host computer in real time through the serial port;
and S9, processing the data by the wireless monitoring system host, filtering invalid data, and sending the invalid data to a main page for display, wherein the main page provides functions of real-time data graphical display, historical data query, early warning prompt and current network topology viewing.
6. The intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing of claim 5, wherein the interactive interface of the host computer of the wireless monitoring system is written in a graphical editing language in a LabVIEW development environment.
7. The intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing, according to claim 5, is characterized in that a host of the wireless monitoring system is divided into a data acquisition module, a data display module, a database storage module, a parameter setting module and a data query module by adopting a modular design idea.
8. The intelligent real-time monitoring method for solid state fermentation temperature and humidity based on wireless sensing of claim 7, wherein the database storage module of the wireless monitoring system host is used for simplifying the received data frame according to the format of "C:% 2s:% d-% d", and then accessing the Access database by using LabSQL toolkit and storing the Access database in each node table in a classified manner.
9. The intelligent real-time monitoring method for the temperature and the humidity of the solid state fermentation based on the wireless sensing as claimed in claim 5, wherein the working process of the host of the wireless monitoring system specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a wireless monitoring system host firstly loads a dynamic link library and prepares for opening a database link;
registering an account when a user logs in for the first time, and opening a login interface if the account exists;
the wireless monitoring system host machine compares the information used for inputting with a user information reservation table in a database, if the information is consistent with the user information reservation table in the database, the login is successful, and the user sets parameters to start to collect remote data;
the wireless monitoring system host classifies and preprocesses the acquired data, then displays the data in an interactive interface in real time, and calls a LabSQL tool package to open an Access opening database to perform a data storage function.
10. The intelligent real-time temperature and humidity monitoring method for solid state fermentation based on wireless sensing of claim 5, wherein in step S1, the power-on initialization of the coordinator module as the central node of the network includes ZigBee protocol stack initialization, event task initialization, clock initialization, serial port initialization, coordinator 64bit long address setting, register initialization, pin initialization and enable interrupt.
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