CN112304893A - Method for rapidly judging mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves and storage medium - Google Patents
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves and a storage medium, which are used for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves by combining a spectral similarity calculation method on the basis of an infrared spectrum analysis technology. And acquiring near infrared spectrums of the standard sample and the sample to be detected by using a near infrared spectrometer, preprocessing the near infrared spectrums, calculating the similarity between the spectrums, and directly and quickly judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf sample to be detected by using the spectrum similarity calculation result. Has the advantages that: 1. the evaluation is more timely, and the mixing uniformity of the tobacco leaves in the production link can be monitored. 2. The calculation is rapid, the analysis period is greatly shortened, and the hysteresis of the uniformity judgment is overcome. 3. When the nicotine and the sugar base are closer to each other than 2 indexes, the uniformity determination can be carried out by the method of the invention. 4. The mixing uniformity of more than 20 different single-grade tobacco leaves can also be judged without being influenced by the mixing grade number.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco production quality control, relates to a method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves and a storage medium, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves based on a near infrared spectrum technology and a storage medium.
Background
Formula threshing is the most common processing mode in the tobacco production at present, and means that single-grade tobacco leaves are fed and mixed according to the formula proportion to realize uniform processing. After the formulation is threshed, whether the single-grade tobacco leaves in the finished tobacco strips are uniformly mixed according to the formulation proportion is an important index for evaluating the quality of the finished tobacco strips. The single-grade tobacco leaf material mixing is a continuous closed process, the current tobacco industry standard YC/T366-2010 provides a method for evaluating the quality uniformity of flue-cured tobacco after redrying, the method detects 4 indexes of nicotine, moisture, leaf structure and sugar-base ratio of finished tobacco strips, and calculates the coefficient of variation of the indexes to judge the processing uniformity of threshing and redrying, the judging method needs to sample at multiple points and then send the samples to a laboratory for analysis, the analysis period is longer, so that the analysis result is seriously lagged, and if the nicotine and sugar-base ratio of each single-grade tobacco leaf before formulation threshing is closer to 2 indexes, the standard can not be used for judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves in the redrying process. Chinese patent (CN106617252) discloses a method for judging blending uniformity of threshed and redried tobacco leaves, wherein the blending uniformity of the threshed and redried tobacco leaves is judged by using an element tracing method, N single-grade tobacco leaves subjected to formula threshing are required to be marked with corresponding N microelements, but the method cannot finish the judgment of the mixing uniformity of a complex tobacco leaf formula (for example, the formula contains more than 20 different single-grade tobacco leaves). Therefore, how to achieve ideal mixing uniformity, the mixing uniformity of the tobacco leaves is judged by adopting a scientific method, and the problems that the work efficiency of tobacco enterprises is improved, and the product quality is improved are urgently needed to be solved.
The near infrared spectrum is a rapid analysis technology which is rapidly developed in recent years, has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low cost, no damage to samples, environmental protection and the like, is widely applied to the industries of agricultural production, biomedicine, petrochemical industry, tobacco processing and the like, but no public report for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves by utilizing the near infrared spectrum to control the production quality of tobacco processing is seen so far.
Chinese patent application document (CN111257277) discloses a tobacco leaf similarity judging method based on a near infrared spectrum technology, and discloses a calculating method for judging differences between tobacco leaves in different production areas and grades by performing similarity calculation by using near infrared spectrums of a target sample and an unknown sample to finish rapid comparison. Specifically, the conclusion is drawn by comparing the similarity coefficient with the feature coefficient. The method is used for calculating the similarity of two kinds of tobacco leaves, does not relate to the judgment of multi-grade and multi-variety mixed tobacco leaves, is unknown whether the method can be applied to the judgment of the multi-grade mixed tobacco leaves, and is complex.
Therefore, a method for determining the uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf mixed tobacco leaves still needs to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation and solving the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves in different production links of tobacco processing by using a near infrared spectroscopy.
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, provides a near infrared spectrum analysis technology, and calculates by using the similarity of spectrograms so as to realize the rapid judgment of the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves and solve the problems of low judgment speed and lagging analysis result of the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves in the tobacco processing process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting single-grade tobacco leaf raw materials according to a formula, manually configuring according to a formula proportion, and simulating a mixing process of different production links of a tobacco processing production line to obtain standard tobacco leaf formula samples of different production links;
(2) manually collecting tobacco leaf samples to be detected in different production links on a tobacco processing production line to obtain multi-grade tobacco leaf samples to be detected;
(3) performing multiple spectrum scanning on the standard tobacco formula sample and the sample to be detected respectively by using a near-infrared spectrometer, and calculating the average value of the spectra respectively to serve as a reference spectrum and the spectrum to be detected;
(4) preprocessing the reference spectrum and the spectrum data to be detected, and selecting a reasonable spectrum calculation area;
(5) similarity calculation is carried out on the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum, the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf sample to be measured is judged according to the similarity measurement result obtained through calculation, and the higher the similarity between the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum is, the better the mixing uniformity of the sample to be measured is judged to be;
the similarity is calculated as one or more of Euclidean distance method, spectrum angle method, spectrum correlation angle method, spectrum information divergence method, spectrum gradient angle method, spectrum information divergence and gradient angle tangent phase combination method or spectrum information divergence and transformed gradient angle tangent phase combination method.
Further, a method combining Euclidean distance, spectrum information divergence and gradient tangent is adopted to calculate similarity of the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum, and the implementation process of the algorithm mainly comprises the following steps:
(a) the euclidean distance EDM between the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured is calculated. Let the reference spectrum be x and the spectrum to be measured be y, then the Euclidean distance between the two spectra is
The euclidean distance EDM assumes a spectrum as a vector in euclidean space, converts the similarity of the spectrum into the distance between vectors, and can directly calculate the difference between the amplitudes (absorbances) of the two spectra in euclidean space. EDM measures the difference in distance between spectra, with smaller distances giving higher similarity between spectra.
(b) Calculating the information divergence SID of the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured, calculating the correlation entropies of the two spectrum curves as D (x | | | y) and D (y | | x), and summing the two groups of correlation entropies to obtain the spectrum information divergence SID (x, y) ═ D (x | | y) + D (y | | | x). SID distinguishes the similarity of two spectrums from the angle of information theory, can compare the spectrums on the whole, and determines the similarity degree between the two spectrums by measuring the mutual information size between the spectrums, and the smaller the divergence is, the higher the spectrum similarity is.
(c) Performing first-order derivation on the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured to obtain gradient vectors SG (x) and SG (y), and calculating the generalized included angle of the two gradient vectors to obtain a spectrum gradient angle
The SGA can reflect the local characteristic change of the spectrum, and particularly for the change of the slope of the spectrum curve, the smaller the SGA is, the higher the spectrum similarity is.
(d) The euclidean distance EDM of the two spectra, the information dispersion SID of the spectral curve, and the tangent tan (EDM) of the angle between the two spectral gradients are multiplied, resulting in SIM EDM × SID (x, y) × tan [ SGA (x, y) ]. The SIM combines the advantages of the three spectral evaluation methods in the steps (a), (b) and (c), the combination of the three methods can reflect the similarity of the two spectral curves on the whole, the small difference between the two spectral curves is amplified, and the precision and the accuracy of the spectral similarity evaluation are improved.
(e) And (d) judging the similarity between the spectrum to be detected and the reference spectrum according to the product result in the step (d), wherein the smaller the product result is, the higher the similarity between the spectrum to be detected and the reference spectrum is, and the lower the similarity is otherwise.
(f) And defining 1-SIM as the mixing uniformity of the sample to be detected, wherein the larger the value is, the higher the mixing uniformity of the sample to be detected is, and the smaller the value is otherwise.
Further, the preprocessing used in step (4) mainly includes eliminating baseline drift and removing spectral noise;
the operation method for eliminating the baseline drift and the spectral noise is one or more of a standard normal variable transformation method, a multivariate scattering correction method, a Savitzky-Golay convolution smoothing method, a wavelet transformation method and the like.
Further, selection of reasonable spectral computation regions can be automatically screened using tqanalyst8.0 software.
Further, the tobacco processing and production link simulated in the step (1) comprises the production processes of threshing, moistening and redrying in the tobacco redrying process and flavoring and shredding in the tobacco shred processing process.
Further, the tobacco processing production line of the sample collected in the step (2) comprises threshing, moistening and redrying processes in the tobacco redrying process and flavoring and shredding processes in the tobacco shred processing process.
A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of rapidly determining the blending uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves.
The working principle is as follows:
the method is based on the near infrared spectrum analysis technology and combines the spectral similarity calculation method to quickly judge the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves. And acquiring near infrared spectrums of the standard sample and the sample to be detected by using a near infrared spectrometer, preprocessing the near infrared spectrums, calculating the similarity between the spectrums, and directly and quickly judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf sample to be detected by using the spectrum similarity calculation result.
Has the advantages that:
based on the infrared spectrum analysis technology, the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaves is rapidly judged by combining a spectrum similarity calculation method. And acquiring near infrared spectrums of the standard sample and the sample to be detected by using a near infrared spectrometer, preprocessing the near infrared spectrums, calculating the similarity between the spectrums, and directly and quickly judging the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf sample to be detected by using the spectrum similarity calculation result.
1. Sampling calculation and evaluation on uniformity in the production processes of threshing, moistening, redrying, perfuming, shredding and the like in the tobacco shred processing process in the tobacco redrying processing process are more timely than index monitoring and evaluation on finished tobacco strips, and the tobacco mixing uniformity in the production link can be monitored. 2. Compared with the method that the finished tobacco flakes are subjected to multipoint sampling and then are sent to a laboratory for analysis, the method has the advantages of fast calculation, greatly shortened analysis period and overcome the hysteresis of uniformity judgment. 3. When the nicotine and the sugar base are closer to each other than 2 indexes, the uniformity determination can be carried out by the method of the invention. 4. The mixing uniformity of more than 20 different single-grade tobacco leaves can also be judged without being influenced by the mixing grade number.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for rapidly determining the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of similarity calculation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following figures and embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following figures and embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
A near infrared spectrum-based method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves comprises the following steps:
(1) manual work is adopted according to the formula level specification of the threshing and redrying semi-finished product, as shown in table 1 (formula of 12 levels). According to the formula proportion, firstly, collecting each single-grade tobacco leaf raw material before the feeding and processing, wherein in order to ensure the representativeness of the sampling, the sampling quantity of each grade is at least 50 g; and then, manually mixing according to the single-grade formula proportion to obtain about 500 g-1000 g of the multi-grade tobacco standard formula sample after wetting.
TABLE 1XXX formulation Listing
Unit: shoulder pole
(2) Randomly collecting samples at different time intervals at a leaf moistening outlet of a redrying production line in a production workshop, and collecting 6 multi-grade tobacco leaf mixed samples to be detected, wherein the mass of each sample is in the range of 500 g-1000 g;
(3) and performing near infrared spectrum collection on the standard formula sample and the multi-grade tobacco leaf mixed sample to be detected. In the embodiment, the existing near-infrared spectrometer is used for collecting spectral information, and the collection range is 3800cm in wave number-1-10000cm-1In between or in any part of them, the spectral resolution is 8cm-1. Removing main stems of flue-cured tobacco leaves, grinding into powder, baking for 2-3h at the temperature lower than 55 ℃, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, taking a proper amount of tobacco powder, putting into a sample cup, naturally compacting, and then performing near infrared spectrum scanning, wherein the sample cup rotates for 15 circles/min in the scanning process, and the scanning frequency is 64 times/min;
(4) and performing pretreatment operation and spectrum calculation interval selection on the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be detected, wherein the pretreatment operation mainly comprises the steps of eliminating baseline drift and removing spectrum noise. In this example, the spectral data is smoothed using a first-order Savitzky-Golay convolution smoothing algorithm with a window size of 7And (5) line preprocessing. The spectral calculation interval is selected to be 3800-7500cm-1；
(5) A measure of similarity between the measured spectrum and the reference spectrum is calculated. In this embodiment, the similarity between spectra is calculated by using an EDM-SID-SGA algorithm, and the implementation process of the algorithm mainly includes the following steps:
(a) the euclidean distance EDM between the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured is calculated. Let the reference spectrum be x and the spectrum to be measured be y, then the Euclidean distance between the two spectra is
(b) And calculating the information divergence SID of the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured. Calculating the correlation entropy of the two spectrum curves as D (x | | y) and D (y | | x), and summing the two groups of correlation entropies to obtain the spectrum information divergence SID (x, y) ═ D (x | | y) + D (y | | x);
(c) performing first-order derivation on the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured to obtain gradient vectors SG (x) and SG (y), and calculating the generalized included angle of the two gradient vectors to obtain a spectrum gradient angle
(d) Multiplying the Euclidean distance EDM of the two spectra, the information dispersion value SID of the spectral curve and the tangent tan (SGA) of the included angle of the two spectral gradients;
(e) judging the similarity between the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum according to the product result SIM (EDM multiplied by SID (x, y) multiplied by tan [ SGA (x, y) ] in the step (c), wherein the smaller the product result is, the higher the similarity between the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum is, and the lower the similarity is otherwise;
(f) and calculating the mixing uniformity of the sample to be detected 1-SIM.
The programming platform adopted in the embodiment is Matlab2016 b.
The results of calculating the spectral similarity of the sample to be measured and the reference sample and the results of calculating the mixing uniformity of the sample to be measured are shown in table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the implementation of the present invention can rapidly determine the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves in the tobacco processing process.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, the numerical values show that the sample 5 to be measured is mixed with the best uniformity and the sample 6 to be measured is mixed with the worst uniformity, compared with the target sample.
The implementation of the invention can quickly judge the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves of different tobacco materials in each link in the tobacco processing process.
Therefore, the method can be applied to the uniformity judgment of the multi-grade tobacco leaf mixed sample in the tobacco leaf production process.
Claims (7)
1. A method for rapidly judging the mixing uniformity of multi-grade tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting single-grade tobacco leaf raw materials according to a formula, manually configuring according to a formula proportion, and simulating a mixing process of different production links of a tobacco processing production line to obtain standard tobacco leaf formula samples of different production links;
(2) manually collecting tobacco leaf samples to be detected in different production links on a tobacco processing production line to obtain multi-grade tobacco leaf samples to be detected;
(3) performing multiple spectrum scanning on the standard tobacco formula sample and the sample to be detected respectively by using a near-infrared spectrometer, and calculating the average value of the spectra respectively to serve as a reference spectrum and the spectrum to be detected;
(4) preprocessing the reference spectrum and the spectrum data to be detected, and selecting a reasonable spectrum calculation area;
(5) similarity calculation is carried out on the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum, the mixing uniformity of the multi-grade tobacco leaf sample to be measured is judged according to the similarity measurement result obtained through calculation, and the higher the similarity between the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum is, the better the mixing uniformity of the sample to be measured is judged to be;
the similarity is calculated as one or more of Euclidean distance method, spectrum angle method, spectrum correlation angle method, spectrum information divergence method, spectrum gradient angle method, spectrum information divergence and gradient angle tangent phase combination method or spectrum information divergence and transformed gradient angle tangent phase combination method.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the similarity calculation is performed on the spectrum to be measured and the reference spectrum by adopting a method combining Euclidean distance, spectral information divergence and gradient tangent, and the implementation process of the algorithm mainly comprises the following steps:
(a) calculating an Euclidean distance EDM between the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured;
let the reference spectrum be x and the spectrum to be measured be y, then the Euclidean distance between the two spectra is
(b) Calculating the information divergence SID of the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured;
calculating the correlation entropy of the two spectrum curves as D (x | | y) and D (y | | x), and summing the two groups of correlation entropies to obtain the spectrum information divergence SID (x, y) ═ D (x | | y) + D (y | | x);
(c) performing first-order derivation on the reference spectrum and the spectrum to be measured to obtain gradient vectors SG (x) and SG (y), and calculating the generalized included angle of the two gradient vectors to obtain a spectrum gradient angle
(d) Multiplying the Euclidean distance EDM of the two spectra, the information dispersion value SID of the spectral curve and the tangent tan [ SGA (x, y) ] of the included angle of the two spectral gradients, wherein the result of the multiplication is SIM (EDM multiplied by SID (x, y) × tan [ SGA (x, y) ];
(e) judging the similarity between the spectrum to be detected and the reference spectrum according to the product result in the step (d), wherein the smaller the product result is, the higher the similarity between the spectrum to be detected and the reference spectrum is, and otherwise, the lower the similarity is;
(f) and defining 1-SIM as the mixing uniformity of the sample to be detected, wherein the larger the value is, the higher the mixing uniformity of the sample to be detected is, and the smaller the value is otherwise.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-processing used in step (4) consists essentially of removing baseline drift and removing spectral noise;
the operation method for eliminating the baseline drift and the spectral noise is one or more of a standard normal variable transformation method, a multivariate scattering correction method, a Savitzky-Golay convolution smoothing method, a wavelet transformation method and the like.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the selection of reasonable spectral computation regions is automatically screened using tqanalyst8.0 software.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tobacco processing production process simulated in step (1) comprises threshing, moistening, redrying and flavoring and shredding processes in tobacco redrying process.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tobacco processing line for the collected sample in step (2) comprises threshing, moistening, redrying and flavoring and shredding processes in tobacco redrying process.
7. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that:
the program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method of rapidly determining the uniformity of blending of multi-grade tobacco leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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