CN103278473B - The mensuration of pipering and moisture and method for evaluating quality in white pepper - Google Patents
The mensuration of pipering and moisture and method for evaluating quality in white pepper Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to by near-infrared spectrum technique to the method for building up of pipering in white pepper and moisture quantitative model and evaluating the application in white pepper quality.The present invention includes the combined method of collected specimens, spectra collection method, infrared spectrum chemometrics method per sample sets up the quantitative model of pipering and moisture in white pepper, adopts intercept compensation correction temperature factor to carry out working sample.Modeling method of the present invention adopts several samples combination, extract and pipering and the higher characteristic spectrum of moisture correlativity, overcome the diversity complicacy of sample and temperature to the impact of spectrum, and effectively improve the accuracy of model and the accuracy of predicted value, provide simple and quick detection method and the method for evaluating quality of pipering and moisture in a kind of white pepper.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of harmless method for quick, especially, relate to the method for quick of pipering and moisture in a kind of white pepper.
Background technology
Pipering and moisture are the critical index evaluating pepper quality, are the deciding factors determining white pepper quality.From currently used technological means, white pepper quality restriction mainly contains physico-chemical analysis and sensory evaluation two kinds of methods, physico-chemical analysis mainly adopts chemical analysis method to analyze the chemical substance (pipering, moisture) in pepper, judges the quality of pepper according to chemical analysis results.What the mensuration as pipering in pepper adopted is high performance liquid chromatography, and the method requires pepper is carried out to abrasive dust sample preparation, adds alcohol extract, and adds hot reflux 4 hours, after progressively diluting, adopts HPLC-UV detection device to analyze pipering; What the mensuration of the moisture in pepper adopted is the way of distillation, and the method needs a large amount of heavily steaming toluene, and it is long heavily to steam toluene process, and toluene toxicity greatly, and experimental procedure is loaded down with trivial details.Although two kinds of chemical analysis results are accurate, but because analytical procedure is many, sense cycle is long, testing cost is high, sample must carry out destructive pre-service, and can not result of determination in time, thus current in white pepper commodity transaction, often do not adopt the method, and take the pungent degree after catching in its mouth and evaluated the content of pipering by the smell sensory judgments of osmesthesia pepper, brittleness evaluates the content of moisture, but the sense organ of people is often subject to experience, the state of mind, the impact of the even residing environment of health, its subjectivity is too large, cannot the quality of accurate evaluation pepper.
Because pipering in white pepper and moisture contain C-H, C=O, O-H group, there is stronger absorption in one-level frequency multiplication in near-infrared region and secondary frequency multiplication district, the general frequency vibration of these groups and rotation can produce characteristic absorption spectrum, include organic compounds the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes information in its infrared spectrum and can characterize different organic compound concentrations features well, by to contacting between the chemical composition in spectral information and white pepper, set up relevant mathematical model, so just can by measuring the ir data of white pepper, to obtain in white pepper chemical concentration value accurately.
But the geographical environmental difference of the growth due to pepper is comparatively large, and according to the growth cycle feature of pepper, pepper produce have biennial bearing to divide point, its granularity of different productive lifes and shade deviation larger.Moreover due to white pepper be produced by black pepper dehulling process, therefore processing technology also (soaks decortication if any flowing water in variation, immobilising water soaking decortication, enzymolysis decortication), these factors cause white pepper color and luster, granularity even on chemical quality otherness comparatively large, larger interference is caused to organic compound composition structural information in the near infrared spectrum adopted during modeling.Secondly, the present inventor finds, the change of temperature can have larger impact to the near infrared test of white pepper, and especially comparatively large to the determination influences of pipering in white pepper, when 22 DEG C, the content of pipering is than 32 DEG C of low about 3%-4%.The quantitative model prediction effect set up by the near infrared spectra collection method of routine is undesirable, predicted value with there is certain difference with chemical measurements, based on above-mentioned technical reason, mostly the technology that current pepper Quality Detection adopts is to adopt sensory judgments and physico-chemical analysis, based on the detection of the pepper quality of near-infrared spectrum technique, now there is no Patents and document
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome in existing white pepper that chemical composition will carry out destructive pre-service in analytic process, analytical procedure is numerous and diverse, sense cycle is long, shortcoming costly, there is provided a kind of based on modeling method and the simple and quick detection method accurately of content of piperine and moisture in the white pepper of near infrared spectrum, to evaluate the quality of white pepper, for the discriminating of the production and trade quality of white pepper.
In order to reach above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The method for quick of pipering and moisture in a kind of white pepper, comprise the following steps: (1) requires to collect white pepper sample according to combination, (2) white pepper sample near infrared spectrum is scanned under controlled condition, (3) pipering and moisture in white pepper is measured according to national standard method, (4) near infrared spectrum data pre-service, (5) the method establishment mathematical model of Chemical Measurement is adopted, and verification model, (6) scan the near infrared spectrum of white pepper sample to be measured and pass through pipering and the moisture result that set up mathematical model obtains white pepper sample.
Further, in step (1), collect white pepper sample and require to gather the sample collecting the different processing technology in each white pepper main product ground, the collection cycle is greater than 2 years, and is divided into groups by white pepper sample according to Different sources, different growth cycles, different processing technology.
Further, in step (2), white pepper sample to be measured is carried out to the collection of near infrared spectrum spectrogram under the condition of 28-32 DEG C, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample duplicate measurements more than three times, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample.
Further, in step (4), utilize stoichiometry software Unscrambler to after two or more near infrared spectrum average out to spectrum of each sample, pre-service is carried out to sample set spectrum, the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), adopt the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising to differentiate, the exchange of choice criteria normal variate and filtering+11 are smoothly as preprocessing procedures.
Further, in step (4), extract the interval Modling model of specific wavelength relevant to pipering and moisture near infrared spectrum in white pepper.
Further, the range of wavelengths relevant to content of piperine is 980-1020nm, 1130-1250nm, 1340-1380nm, and the range of wavelengths relevant to moisture is 1400-1500nm.
Further, in step (5), set up calibration model with partial least square method, Selective principal component analysis has carried out the compression of information variable, combines to hand over to stay proof method during analysis, and nonlinear iterative partial least square method carries out principal component decomposition.
Further, in step (6), according to scanning temperature, adopt the mode adjustment model intercept that intercept compensates.
An evaluation method for white pepper quality, adopts the method according to any one of claim 1-8 to measure pipering and moisture in white pepper.Carry out classification according to GB and evaluate white pepper quality.
Concrete grammar is as follows:
One, white pepper sample data storehouse is set up
1, according to growing environment and the growth cycle feature of pepper, gather the sample collecting each white pepper main product ground respectively, and different processing technologys (such as, flowing water soaks decortication, the decortication of immobilising water soaking, enzymolysis decortication) under formed white pepper sample, the collection cycle must be greater than 2 years (must contain the biennial bearing that pepper produces).White pepper sample is divided into 12 groups by the difference according to difference growth geographical environment, different growth cycles, processing technology, often group is no less than 15 increment product, cover because of the larger white pepper of the color and luster caused by Different factor, granularity and chemical quality otherness, effectively expand the curve ranges of sample data.Spectral collection is carried out in sample grouping, and carries out sample preparation immediately, measures pipering in white pepper and moisture by national standard method, sets up different grain size size, different color and luster, database that Different sources is relevant with the white pepper sample quality of different production time.
Two, the collection of calibration set sample spectrum
The present inventor finds, the change of temperature can have larger impact to the near infrared test of white pepper, especially larger to the determination influences of pipering in white pepper, when 22 DEG C, the content of pipering is lower than 32 DEG C by about 3%, and between 28 DEG C-32 DEG C, the basic no significant difference of fluctuation of this temperature province pipering and moisture, can not produce interference to collection of illustrative plates collection.Consider the regional climate of pepper collecting season and main producing region, the present invention determines to build mark temperature stabilization at 28-32 DEG C.When room temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, adopt the method for baking oven heating, improve the preci-sion and accuracy detected.The present invention is by many experiments, and determine that, when room temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, palletize pepper particle, it is 0.5cm that pepper piles up thickness, heats 5 minutes with 70 DEG C of baking ovens, pepper temperature between 30-32 DEG C, and at room temperature can keep continuous about 10 minutes.White pepper sample to be measured is carried out to the collection of spectrum spectrogram under stable condition, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample need with more than three times or three times duplicate measurementss, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample.
Three, calibration model is set up
Utilize stoichiometry software Unscramblerc to carry out pre-service to spectrum, extract the spectral signature expressing white pepper inside quality.Research finds, in white pepper, near infrared spectrum, there is 980-1020nm in the specific wavelength interval of information and content of piperine height correlation, 1130-1250nm, 1340-1380nm, and water characteristic wave band is 1400-1500nm, and its related coefficient is all more than 65%.By system acquisition to sample set spectrum carry out pre-service, preprocessing procedures adopts: the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative is adopted to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising resolution, Selective principal component analysis has carried out the compression of information variable, combine during analysis to hand over and stay proof method, nonlinear iterative partial least square method carries out principal component decomposition, calibration model is set up with partial least square method bearing calibration.
Four, sample test is carried out
Under stable condition, the illumination that Halogen lamp LED near infrared spectrometer sends is mapped on white pepper sample, diffuse reflection is formed in white pepper inside, diffuse reflection light out enters near infrared spectrometer and carries out near-infrared spectrum analysis, the near infrared light spectrum signal obtained is transferred to computing machine by spectra collection, computing machine according to the intercept of temperature adjustment model, then is analyzed near infrared spectrum data with the calibration model through calibrating, and draws the pipering of white pepper and the data of moisture.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is first by the Non-Destructive Testing of near-infrared spectral analysis technology, chemometrics method introducing white pepper, sense organ and the chemico-analytic concept of chromatogram in classic method are overturned, achieve the Nondestructive Detection fast and accurately of pipering in white pepper, substantially reduce sense cycle.
Compared with the present invention detects with the sense organ of people, result is objective and fair more, compared with conventional chemical analysis method, detection speed is fast, and easy and simple to handle, spectroscopic assay process only needs tens seconds kinds, mensuration process does not damage sample, without the need to using any reagent, is a kind of detection method of environmental protection.
Pepper is as important tropical spice crop, medical industries and food industry there is extensive use, in recent years, the pepper turnout in China and the world and the sustainable growth of consumption demand amount, the market of World Pepper is tending towards ripe, improves by improving quality the trend that its market competitiveness has been future development pepper industry.And one of white pepper industrial crops that to be torrid areas main, therefore simple and quick Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement all can play a part very positive to the production and trade of white pepper.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that near-infrared spectral analysis technology detects pipering and moisture in white pepper fast.
Embodiment
Technology contents of the present invention and effect is further illustrated below in conjunction with instantiation.
One, the collection of representative sample:
According to growing environment and the growth cycle feature of white pepper, gather the sample collecting each white pepper main product ground respectively, the cycle of collecting continues 2 years, and contain the biennial bearing that pepper produces, sample size reaches 150 parts.The white pepper of the different qualities occurred under containing different growth geographical environment, Different climate, and the growth cycle feature of biennial bearing is had according to pepper growth, cover because of the color and luster of different growth periods and the larger white pepper of particle size differences, make the collection of sample substantially cover the data area of all components content.
Two, the foundation of calibration set sample spectrum:
Determination near infrared ray temperature of the present invention, between 28 DEG C-32 DEG C, when room temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, palletizes pepper particle, it is 0.5cm that pepper piles up thickness, heat 5 minutes with 70 DEG C of baking ovens, pepper temperature rises between 30-32 DEG C, and at room temperature can keep continuous about 10 minutes.White pepper sample to be measured is carried out to the collection of spectrum spectrogram under stable condition, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample need use repeatedly duplicate measurements, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample.
Three, the mensuration of basic data:
Measure content of piperine in white pepper by GB/T17528-2009 " the mensuration high performance liquid chromatography of content of piperine ", measure the content of moisture in white pepper by GB/T112729.6-1991, each sample detection twice, averages.
Four, the pre-service of calibration set spectrum:
To need after the sample spectrum of acquisition to carry out pre-service to sample set spectrum, adopt the methods such as level and smooth, differential, differentiate or Wavelet Denoising Method here, to offset background interference, improve the resolution of spectrum.
Preprocessing procedures specifically adopts: the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), adopt the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising to differentiate, the exchange of choice criteria normal variate and filtering+11 are smoothly as preprocessing procedures.
Five, the foundation of calibration model and checking:
Get the white pepper of known content of piperine as checking collection, use Infrared spectrum scanning under the same conditions, the value of pipering in pepper is calculated according to the model set up, after empirical tests each checking collection sample error is less than 10%, can determine that calibration model is suitable for, if some checking sample error is greater than 10%, then regressing calculation be re-started to correction parameter, so repeatedly, until must to satisfied quantitative model.
Six, the analysis of testing sample:
Relatively room temperature, temperature is between 28 DEG C-32 DEG C, can directly measure, when temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, use intercept calibration model, every twice intercept is adjusted upper 0.1, correct and uses Infrared spectrum scanning white pepper afterwards well, spectroscopic data input model can be determined the content of pipering in white pepper and moisture.Seven, according to the measurement result of moisture and white pepper content, and according to standard GB/T/T7900-2008 and international standard ISO959-2:1998, judge whether white pepper sample is specification product.
Embodiment 1
This enforcement is for illustration of the method for building up of content of piperine model in white pepper provided by the invention and content assaying method.
Sample: collect 180 parts, white pepper sample at Hainan and Yunnan white pepper main product, under wherein containing different growth geographical environment, different productive year, Different climate and the pepper gathered under different cultivation mode, wherein also comprise the white pepper kind that Different treatments is made.We have therefrom got the basic data of 150 increment product as calibration model, and 30 parts as checking collection.
The foundation of model:
(1) modeling temperature is (when room temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, palletize pepper particle, it is 0.5cm that pepper piles up thickness, heats 5 minutes with 70 DEG C of baking ovens) between 28 DEG C-32 DEG C.White pepper sample to be measured is carried out to the collection of spectrum spectrogram under stable temperature conditions, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample dress sample carries out duplicate measurements 3 times, each scanning 30 times, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample.
(2) sample comminutor is pulverized, until all by the sample sifter of 500 μm.Every increment product take the sample (being accurate to 0.01 gram) of 0.2-0.5 gram, add 50mL ethanol, and backflow steaming is boiled 3h.Solution cools, and filter, filtrate is collected in 100ml volumetric flask, drip washing extraction element, and washing lotion adds volumetric flask, and is diluted with ethanol to scale mark.According to the content of pipering, be diluted to suitable concentration, upper machine measures.
(3) utilize stoichiometry software Unscrambler to after two the near infrared spectrum average out to spectrum of each sample building target 150 samples, pre-service is carried out to sample set spectrum, preprocessing procedures comprises: the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative is adopted to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising are differentiated, the exchange of choice criteria normal variate and filtering+11 are smoothly as preprocessing procedures.
(4) Selective principal component analysis has carried out the compression of information variable, combines to hand over to stay proof method during analysis, and nonlinear iterative partial least square method carries out principal component decomposition.With partial least square method, support to set up calibration model to multiplexed quantitative bearing calibrations such as the Returns Law, obtain the Quantitative Analysis Model that the content of the near infrared spectrum data chemical composition pipering known with correspondence is corresponding, and draw by the related coefficient (r) of digital-to-analogue, calibration standard error and prediction standard error.
In the white pepper of setting up thus, the correlation coefficient r of the content model of pipering is 0.935, and its calibration standard error is 0.17, prediction standard error be 0.22, in white pepper sample the predicted value of content of piperine and the comparing result of measured value as shown in table 1.
The mensuration that uses a model content:
From remaining 30 samples not participating in modeling, pick 20 samples, the near infrared spectrum data of these 20 samples is gathered according to the method for above-mentioned steps, by the Mathematical Model Analysis that their near infrared spectrum data and method are built, obtain the predicted value of the content of piperine of these 20 samples, and the true value of the content of piperine of the above-mentioned sample measured with GB/T17528-2009 " the mensuration high performance liquid chromatography of content of piperine " compares, result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 white pepper sample infrared spectrum predicted value and chemical analysis value deck watch
| Sample number into spectrum | The place of production | Near infrared predicted value (%) | Chemical analysis value (%) | Absolute deviation (%) |
| 1 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 4.38 | 4.11 | 0.27 |
| 2 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 4.12 | 4.18 | -0.06 |
| 3 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 4.09 | 3.98 | 0.11 |
| 4 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 3.89 | 3.77 | 0.12 |
| 5 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 3.76 | 3.86 | -0.1 |
| 6 | Wenchang, hainan | 3.83 | 3.98 | -0.15 |
| 7 | Wenchang, hainan | 3.79 | 3.4 | 0.39 |
| 8 | Wenchang, hainan | 3.92 | 3.8 | 0.12 |
| 9 | Wenchang, hainan | 4.13 | 4.32 | -0.19 |
| 10 | Wenchang, hainan | 3.68 | 3.55 | 0.13 |
| 11 | Wenchang, hainan | 3.95 | 3.46 | 0.49 |
| 12 | Qionghai | 4.15 | 3.92 | 0.23 |
| 13 | Qionghai | 3.84 | 3.93 | -0.09 |
| 14 | Qionghai | 4.41 | 4.16 | 0.25 |
| 15 | Qionghai | 3.98 | 3.84 | 0.14 |
| 16 | Qionghai | 3.84 | 3.57 | 0.27 |
| 17 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 4.18 | 3.78 | 0.4 |
| 18 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 4.1 | 4.4 | -0.3 |
| 19 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 3.95 | 3.88 | 0.07 |
| 20 | Yingjiang, Yunnan | 4.23 | 4.01 | 0.22 |
According to standard GB/T/T7900-2008 and international standard ISO959-2:1998, judge that the white pepper sample that content of piperine is less than 4% is substandard product.
Embodiment 2
This enforcement is for illustration of the method for building up of moisture model in white pepper provided by the invention and content assaying method.
Sample: collect 180 parts, white pepper sample at Hainan and Yunnan pepper main product, under wherein containing different growth geographical environment, different productive year, Different climate and the pepper gathered under different cultivation mode, wherein also comprise the white pepper kind that Different treatments is made.We have therefrom got the basic data of 150 increment product as calibration model, and 30 parts as checking collection.
The foundation of model:
(1) modeling temperature is (when room temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, palletize pepper particle, it is 0.5cm that pepper piles up thickness, heats 5 minutes with 70 DEG C of baking ovens) between 28 DEG C-32 DEG C.White pepper sample to be measured is carried out to the collection of spectrum spectrogram under stable temperature conditions, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample dress sample carries out duplicate measurements 3 times, each scanning 30 times, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample.
(2) sample comminutor is pulverized, until all by the sample sifter of 500 μm.The content of moisture in white pepper is measured by GB/T112729.6-1991.
(3) utilize stoichiometry software Unscrambler to after two the near infrared spectrum average out to spectrum of each sample building target 150 samples, pre-service is carried out to sample set spectrum, preprocessing procedures comprises: the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative is adopted to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising are differentiated, the exchange of choice criteria normal variate and filtering+11 are smoothly as preprocessing procedures.
(4) Selective principal component analysis has carried out the compression of information variable, combines to hand over to stay proof method during analysis, and nonlinear iterative partial least square method carries out principal component decomposition.With partial least square method, support to set up calibration model to multiplexed quantitative bearing calibrations such as the Returns Law, obtain the Quantitative Analysis Model that the content of the near infrared spectrum data chemical composition pipering known with correspondence is corresponding, and draw by the related coefficient (r) of digital-to-analogue, calibration standard error and prediction standard error.
In the white pepper of setting up thus, the correlation coefficient r of the content model of pipering is 0.962, and its calibration standard error is 0.21, prediction standard error be 0.25, in white pepper sample the predicted value of moisture and the comparing result of measured value as shown in table 2:
The mensuration that uses a model content
From remaining 30 samples not participating in modeling, pick 20 samples, the near infrared spectrum data of these 20 samples is gathered according to the method for above-mentioned steps, by the Mathematical Model Analysis that their near infrared spectrum data and method are built, obtain the predicted value of the content of piperine of these 20 samples, and the true value of the moisture of the above-mentioned sample measured with GB/T112729.6-1991 " mensuration (way of distillation) of spice and flavouring moisture " compares, result is as shown in table 1.
Table 2 white pepper sample infrared spectrum predicted value and chemical analysis value deck watch
| Sample number into spectrum | The place of production | Near infrared predicted value (%) | Chemical analysis value (%) | Absolute deviation (%) |
| 1 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 9.95 | 10.34 | -0.39 |
| 2 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 9.54 | 10.21 | -0.67 |
| 3 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 9.98 | 10.1 | -0.12 |
| 4 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 10.17 | 9.87 | 0.30 |
| 5 | Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands | 10.84 | 11.1 | -0.26 |
| 6 | Wenchang, hainan | 10.93 | 11.15 | -0.22 |
| 7 | Wenchang, hainan | 11.65 | 12.17 | -0.52 |
| 8 | Wenchang, hainan | 10.27 | 10.74 | -0.47 |
| 9 | Wenchang, hainan | 9.68 | 9.89 | -0.21 |
| 10 | Wenchang, hainan | 11.82 | 12.07 | -0.25 |
| 11 | Wenchang, hainan | 10.18 | 10.12 | 0.06 |
| 12 | Qionghai | 10.17 | 9.86 | 0.31 |
| 13 | Qionghai | 10.93 | 11.32 | -0.39 |
| 14 | Qionghai | 12.16 | 12.29 | -0.13 |
| 15 | Qionghai | 10.02 | 10.22 | -0.20 |
| 16 | Qionghai | 10.18 | 10.11 | 0.07 |
| 17 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 9.99 | 10.18 | -0.19 |
| 18 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 9.95 | 10.25 | -0.30 |
| 19 | Baoshan, Yunnan | 8.72 | 9.12 | -0.40 |
| 20 | Yingjiang, Yunnan | 10.09 | 10.13 | -0.04 |
According to standard GB/T/T7900-2008 and international standard ISO959-2:1998, judge that the white pepper sample that moisture is greater than 14% is substandard product.
Claims (1)
1. the method for quick of pipering and moisture in white pepper, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
(1) require to collect white pepper sample according to combination: collect the sample that white pepper sample requires to collect the different processing technology in each white pepper main product ground, the collection cycle is greater than 2 years, and is divided into groups by white pepper sample according to Different sources, different growth cycles, different processing technology;
(2) white pepper sample near infrared spectrum is scanned under controlled condition: collection white pepper sample being carried out near infrared spectrum spectrogram under the condition of 28-32 DEG C, obtain the standard spectrum of calibration samples collection with the scanning that irreflexive mode carries out pepper sample in 950-1650nm Spectral range, same sample duplicate measurements more than three times, using averaged spectrum as the standard spectrum of this sample;
(3) pipering and moisture in white pepper is measured according to national standard method;
(4) near infrared spectrum data pre-service: utilize stoichiometry software Unscrambler to after two or more near infrared spectrum average out to spectrum of each sample, pre-service is carried out to sample set spectrum, the spectrum variation brought because of small light path difference for elimination have employed Wavelet-denoising Method, Savitzky-Golay filtering is adopted to carry out stress release treatment, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), adopt the first order derivative of spectrum and second derivative to eliminate baseline, Resolving Overlapping Peaks Signal and raising to differentiate, adopt standard normal variable exchange and filtering+11 smoothly to carry out Pretreated spectra; Extract the interval Modling model of specific wavelength relevant to pipering and moisture near infrared spectrum in white pepper, the range of wavelengths relevant to content of piperine is 980-1020nm, 1130-1250nm, 1340-1380nm, the range of wavelengths relevant to moisture is 1400-1500nm;
(5) the method establishment mathematical model of Chemical Measurement is adopted, and verification model: set up calibration model with partial least square method, Selective principal component analysis has carried out the compression of information variable, combines to hand over to stay proof method during analysis, and nonlinear iterative partial least square method carries out principal component decomposition;
(6) scan the near infrared spectrum of white pepper sample to be measured and pass through pipering and the moisture result that set up mathematical model obtains white pepper sample; According to scanning temperature, adopt the mode adjustment model intercept that intercept compensates.
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| CN105181640A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-23 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Method for quickly measuring moisture content of pulping material with near infrared spectrum technology |
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| CN111965138A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-20 | 山东金璋隆祥智能科技有限责任公司 | Method for measuring moisture content in malto-oligosaccharide |
| CN113155776A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-23 | 华东交通大学 | Prediction method for optimal harvest time of oranges |
| CN114740047B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-16 | 华南农业大学 | Infrared detection-based method and equipment for detecting moisture content and year of pericarpium citri reticulatae |
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