CN112304584A - Test method - Google Patents
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- CN112304584A CN112304584A CN202011111085.2A CN202011111085A CN112304584A CN 112304584 A CN112304584 A CN 112304584A CN 202011111085 A CN202011111085 A CN 202011111085A CN 112304584 A CN112304584 A CN 112304584A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method, which is specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, namely testing the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, electromagnetic field intensity and loading load size in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber. The laser displacement sensor is used for measuring the position change of a measured object in a non-contact manner, the technical effects of high measurement precision, high sensitivity, accurate and efficient signal transmission are achieved on the small displacement change of the piston of the shock absorber, and the test result is directly displayed by the oscilloscope and is more visual and rapid. The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic regulation control of loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, the accuracy and stability of loading are guaranteed, the adjustable range of the loading load is large, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibrator testing, in particular to a test method special for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber.
Background
A damper of a magnetic functional fluid having micro-and nano-scale magnetic particles can control a damping resistance by controlling the intensity of a magnetic field applied to the magnetic functional fluid, thereby controlling a damping effect of the damper. The mixing ratio of the magnetic particles with different size structures in the magnetic functional fluid is the main influence factors of the size of the cluster of the magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid, the cohesive force among the magnetic particles and the magnitude of the magnetic field force generated by the magnetic field strength of the magnetic particles. Therefore, the mixing ratio of the micron-sized magnetic particles to the nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid, the electromagnetic field strength and the loading load magnitude have important influence on the damping resistance characteristic of the damper. In order to research the influence of the mixing ratio of the micron-sized magnetic particles and the nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid on the damping resistance characteristic of the damper in the industry, a test bed and a corresponding experimental method for testing the damping resistance characteristic of the damper are required, and the existing experimental method for testing the damping resistance characteristic of the damper has the following technical problems:
1. the detection means for displacement change is difficult to realize dynamic accurate test capture and signal collection and transmission of tiny displacement change, the analysis intelligence of signals is insufficient, and the accuracy and the reliability of test results cannot be ensured.
2. The control on the load loaded by the vibrator is not accurate and efficient enough, the loaded load is difficult to keep stable, and the accuracy and the reliability of a test result cannot be ensured.
3. The damper resistance characteristic of the magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles is tested, the requirements on accuracy, sensitivity and anti-interference performance are high, and the test bed and the corresponding experimental method need to be specially designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the test bed is used for testing the resistance characteristic of the shock absorber of the magnetic functional fluid containing the micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, the electromagnetic field intensity and the loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio of the micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles refers to the volume percentage ratio of the micron-scale particles to the nano-scale magnetic particles in the fluid medium. The test bed comprises a pneumatic loading module, a tested shock absorber module and a resistance characteristic detection module.
The main gas path of the high-pressure gas source of the pneumatic loading module is connected with a switch valve, the gas outlet of the switch valve is respectively connected with a pilot type pressure regulating valve and the gas inlet of a gas inlet valve, the gas outlet of the gas inlet valve is respectively connected with a bypass gas path of a pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve and the gas inlet of a gas outlet valve, the gas outlet path of the pilot type pressure regulating valve is connected with a gas pressure sensor, the gas pressure sensor is connected with a control mechanism, the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve are both two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve are both connected with the control mechanism, the control.
The pressure gas cavity is connected to a loading cylinder through an electromagnetic switch valve, a loading piston is arranged in the loading cylinder, and the loading piston is fixed at one end of a piston rod.
A damping piston is fixed in the middle of the piston rod of the tested damper module, a displacement detection rod is vertically fixed at the other end of the piston rod, a cylinder head support is fixed at the cylinder head of one end of the damping cylinder, and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the damping cylinder in a space limited by the cylinder head support; the damping piston is arranged in the damping cylinder and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder, the inner cavity of the damping cylinder is filled with magnetic functional fluid, the magnetic functional fluid is a mixed liquid containing micron-sized and nano-sized magnetic particles, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder and connected with a direct-current power supply.
The resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor detects the displacement change of the displacement detection rod and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope through the signal amplifier; and a force sensor is arranged on the top table surface of the cylinder head support and is connected to the oscilloscope through a strain amplifier.
The experiment table further comprises a test bed, the lower portion of a bed support of the test bed is fixed on the pressure gas cavity, the test bed is provided with a middle rib plate and a top plate, the force sensor is fixed between the top table surface of the cylinder head support and the middle rib plate, and the laser displacement sensor is fixed on the top plate.
And sealing packing is arranged at the parts of the cylinder heads at the two ends of the damping cylinder, which are in sliding contact with the two ends of the piston rod.
And the middle rib plate and the top plate are provided with a channel for the laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
The pressure gas cavity is connected with a pressure gauge.
The laser displacement sensor is the direct-injection laser triangulation displacement sensor.
The test principle of the test method of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: opening pneumatic loading
When the test work is started, the industrial personal computer sends a loading instruction, and inputs an expected loading load to the control mechanism, wherein the expected loading load is the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline into the pressure gas cavity; the pressure gas of the high-pressure gas source enters the pilot-operated pressure regulating valve and the gas outlet pipeline as well as the gas inlets of the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve through the switch valve, and the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure signal to the control mechanism;
step two: control of loading load
When the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is lower than the expected loading load, the control mechanism controls the air inlet valve to be opened and the air outlet valve to be closed, at the moment, the air pressure of the air entering the bypass air path of the bypass air path through the air inlet valve is input into the pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve to enable the main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve to move downwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve is increased; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is higher than the expected loading load, the control mechanism controls the air inlet valve to be closed and the exhaust valve to be opened, at the moment, the pressure gas in the pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve is discharged through the bypass air passage and the exhaust valve, the main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve moves upwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve is reduced; the dynamic adjustment is carried out until the deviation between the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity by the gas outlet pipeline and the expected loading load is 0, and the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline is maintained;
step three: driving of the damper under test
The direct-current power supply is electrified to the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic switch valve is opened, and the pressure gas enters the loading cylinder to push the loading piston to drive the damping piston to move;
step four: detection of resistance characteristics and display of detection results
The laser displacement sensor detects the real-time displacement of the damping piston by detecting the displacement change of the displacement detection rod by using a direct-injection laser triangulation method, and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope through the signal amplifier; the force sensor detects the resistance of the shock absorber, and transmits a resistance detection signal to the oscilloscope through the strain amplifier, the oscilloscope displays a relation curve between the resistance and the displacement, and the gas pressure in the pressure gas cavity is always stabilized at an expected loading load in the whole test process;
changing experimental conditions, repeating the steps from one step to four, and obtaining the influence of various factors of different mixing ratios, different loading loads and different magnetic field strengths on the resistance characteristic of the vibrator by changing two mixing ratios of micron-sized magnetic particles and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the damper, or controlling and outputting different loading loads through a pneumatic loading module, or controlling the current of a direct current power supply to obtain different magnetic field strengths.
The direct laser triangulation measuring system mainly comprises a laser source, a receiving lens, a PSD photoelectric position detector and a signal processing unit, wherein the intersection line of the plane of the PSD and the plane of the lens intersects with and is perpendicular to the axis of an incident beam. The geometrical relationship of displacement measurement by the laser triangulation method is as follows:
further, the change of the PSD detection displacement along with the displacement of the measured object is obtained as follows,
the laser source emits visible red laser to the detected surface of the displacement detection rod, the laser scattered by the detected surface passes through the receiving lens and is received by the PSD photoelectric position detector, and the PSD photoelectric position detector can 'see' the light spot at different angles according to different distances. The signal processing unit calculates the distance between the sensor and the object to be measured from the detected angles Φ, θ and the known distances l' and l shown in fig. 4. Meanwhile, the position of the light beam on the receiving element is processed by an analog circuit and a digital circuit, and is analyzed by a signal processing unit, a corresponding output value is calculated, and a standard data signal is proportionally output in an analog quantity window set by a user.
The highest linearity of the laser displacement sensor adopting a triangulation method can reach 1um, and the resolution can reach the level of 0.1 um. For example, a ZLDS100 type sensor can achieve 0.01% high resolution, 0.1% high linearity and 9.4KHz high response, and is suitable for severe environments.
The invention provides a test method specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, which has the following better technical effects compared with the prior art:
the invention provides a test method specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, and particularly tests the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, the electromagnetic field intensity and the size of a loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber.
The laser displacement sensor can measure the position change of a measured object in a non-contact manner, has the technical effects of high measurement precision, high sensitivity and accurate and efficient signal transmission for the small displacement change of the piston of the shock absorber, and directly displays a test result through the oscilloscope, so that the method is more intuitive and rapid.
The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic regulation control of loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, the accuracy and stability of loading are guaranteed, the adjustable range of the loading load is large, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body of a test bed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic loading module of a test stand according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tested shock absorber module of the test stand according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the laser displacement sensor of the test bed in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the displacement-resistance test results of two mixing ratios of the micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber of the test bed under the same loading load and different magnetic field strengths, respectively, in the example of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the displacement-resistance test results of the mixed liquid of the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber of the test bed in the embodiment of the present application, in which the mixed liquid has two mixing ratios of the micro-scale magnetic particles and the nano-scale magnetic particles, under different loading and the same magnetic field strength;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
a test method is used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles, the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, the electromagnetic field intensity and the loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio of the micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles refers to the volume percentage ratio of the micron-scale particles to the nanometer-scale magnetic particles in the fluid medium. As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the test bench for implementing the experimental method comprises a pneumatic loading module 17, a tested shock absorber module 1 and a resistance characteristic detection module.
The main air path of the high-pressure air source 17-1 of the pneumatic loading module 17 is connected with a switch valve 17-2, the air outlet of the switch valve 17-2 is respectively connected with the air inlet of a pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 and an air inlet of an air inlet valve 17-4, the air outlet of the air inlet valve 17-4 is respectively connected with the bypass air path of a pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 and the air inlet of an air outlet valve 17-5, the air outlet pipeline connected with the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 is connected with an air pressure sensor 17-6, the air pressure sensor 17-6 is connected with a control mechanism 17-7, the air inlet valve 17-4 and the air outlet valve 17-5 are both two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, and the air inlet valve 17-4 and the air, the control mechanism 17-7 is connected to a power supply and an industrial personal computer, and the gas outlet pipeline is connected to the pressure gas cavity 13.
The pressure gas cavity 13 is connected to a loading cylinder 6 through an electromagnetic switch valve 5, a loading piston 7 is arranged in the loading cylinder 6, and the loading piston 7 is fixed at one end of a piston rod 1-3.
A damping piston 1-2 is fixed in the middle of the piston rod 1-3 of the tested shock absorber module 1, a displacement detection rod is vertically fixed at the other end of the piston rod 1-3, a cylinder head bracket is fixed at the cylinder head of one end of the damping cylinder 1-1, and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the damping cylinder in a space defined by the cylinder head bracket; the damping piston 1-2 is arranged in the damping cylinder 1-1 and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder 1-1, the inner cavity of the damping cylinder 1-1 is filled with magnetic functional fluid, the magnetic functional fluid is a mixed liquid containing micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles, an electromagnetic coil 1-5 is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder 1-1, and the electromagnetic coil 1-5 is connected with a direct-current power supply 1-2.
The resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor 10, the laser displacement sensor 10 detects the displacement change of a displacement detection rod and transmits a detection signal to an oscilloscope 12 through a signal amplifier 11; a force sensor 8 is arranged on the top table surface of the cylinder head support, and the force sensor 8 is connected to the oscilloscope 12 through a strain amplifier 9.
The test rig of claim 1, further comprising a test rig having a rig support 14 lower portion secured to the pressure gas chamber 13, the test rig having an intermediate rib 15 and a top plate 16, the force sensor 8 secured between the top deck of the cylinder head support and the intermediate rib 15, the laser displacement sensor 10 secured to the top plate 16.
The cylinder ends at the two ends of the damping cylinder 1 are provided with sealing fillers 1-4 at the parts which are in sliding contact with the two ends of the piston rod 1-3.
The middle rib plate 15 and the top plate 16 are provided with a channel for laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
The pressure gas cavity 13 is connected with a pressure gauge 4.
The laser displacement sensor 10 is the direct-injection laser triangulation displacement sensor.
The test procedure of the test method of this example is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: opening pneumatic loading
When the test work is started, the industrial personal computer sends a loading instruction, and inputs an expected loading load to the control mechanism, wherein the expected loading load is the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity 13 by the gas outlet pipeline; the pressure gas of the high-pressure gas source 17-1 enters a pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 and a gas outlet pipeline as well as a gas inlet of a gas inlet valve 17-4 and a gas outlet valve 17-5 through a switch valve 17-2, and a pressure sensor 17-6 transmits a detected pressure signal to a control mechanism 17-7;
step two: control of loading load
When the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is lower than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be opened and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be closed, at the moment, the air pressure of the air entering a bypass air path of a bypass air path through the air inlet valve 17-4 is input into a pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 to enable a main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 to move downwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 is increased; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is higher than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be closed and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be opened, at the moment, the pressure gas in the pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 is exhausted through the bypass air path and the air outlet valve 17-6, the main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 moves upwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve 17-3 is reduced; the dynamic adjustment is carried out until the deviation between the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity by the gas outlet pipeline and the expected loading load is 0, and the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline is maintained;
step three: driving of the damper under test
The direct current power supply 2 is electrified to the electromagnetic coils 1-5, the electromagnetic switch valve 5 is opened, pressure gas enters the loading cylinder 6, and the loading piston 7 is pushed to drive the damping piston 1-2 to move;
step four: detection of resistance characteristics and display of detection results
The laser displacement sensor 10 detects the real-time displacement of the damping piston by detecting the displacement change of the displacement detection rod by using a direct laser triangulation method, and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope 12 through the signal amplifier 11; the force sensor 8 detects the resistance of the shock absorber, and transmits a resistance detection signal to the oscilloscope 12 through the strain amplifier 9, the oscilloscope 12 displays a relation curve between the resistance and the displacement, and the gas pressure in the pressure gas cavity 13 is always stabilized at an expected loading load in the whole test process;
changing experimental conditions, repeating the steps from one step to four, and obtaining the influence of various factors of different mixing ratios, different loading loads and different magnetic field strengths on the resistance characteristic of the vibrator by changing two mixing ratios of micron-sized magnetic particles and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the damper, or controlling and outputting different loading loads through a pneumatic loading module, or controlling the current of a direct current power supply to obtain different magnetic field strengths.
As shown in fig. 4, the laser displacement sensor 10 for direct laser triangulation measurement mainly comprises a laser source, a receiving lens, a PSD photoelectric position detector, and a signal processing unit, wherein an intersection line of a plane where the PSD is located and a plane where the receiving lens is located intersects with an incident beam axis and is perpendicular to the incident beam axis. The geometrical relationship of displacement measurement by the laser triangulation method is as follows:
further, the change of the PSD detection displacement along with the displacement of the detected surface of the displacement detection rod is obtained as follows,
the laser source emits visible red laser to the detected surface of the displacement detection rod, the laser scattered by the detected surface passes through the receiving lens and is received by the PSD photoelectric position detector, and the PSD photoelectric position detector can 'see' the light spot at different angles according to different distances. The signal processing unit calculates the distance between the sensor and the object to be measured from the detected angles Φ, θ and the known distances l' and l shown in fig. 4. Meanwhile, the position of the light beam on the receiving element is processed by an analog circuit and a digital circuit, and is analyzed by a signal processing unit, a corresponding output value is calculated, and a standard data signal is proportionally output in an analog quantity window set by a user.
The highest linearity of the laser displacement sensor adopting a triangulation method can reach 1um, and the resolution can reach the level of 0.1 um. For example, a ZLDS100 type sensor can achieve 0.01% high resolution, 0.1% high linearity and 9.4KHz high response, and is suitable for severe environments.
As shown in table 1, in this example, the displacement-resistance test result graph of the medium 1 shown in fig. 5 was obtained with the magnetic functional fluid (medium 1) having the mixing ratio of the micrometer-sized magnetic particles 27.2[ vol.%), and the nanometer-sized magnetic particles 2.8[ vol.%) and the current of 0A, 3A, and 6A, respectively, at the pneumatic load of 0.6 MPa; then, when the current of the magnetic functional fluid is 6A, the displacement-resistance test result graph of the medium 1 shown in the attached figure 6 is obtained under the conditions of pneumatic loading load of 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa and 0.6MPa respectively;
TABLE 1
As shown in table 1, in this example, micron-sized magnetic particles 24.4[ vol.% ]; the displacement-resistance test result graph of medium 2 shown in fig. 5 was obtained for the magnetic functional fluid (medium 2) with the mixing ratio of nanoscale magnetic particles 5.6[ vol.%) under the pneumatic loading of 0.6MPa and the currents of 0A, 3A and 6A, respectively; then, when the current of the magnetic functional fluid is 6A and the pneumatic loading is respectively 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa and 0.6MPa, a displacement-resistance test result graph of the medium 2 shown in the attached figure 6 is obtained.
The test result is accurate and credible, the stability of the test process is good, the test flanging is fast connected, and the automatic control is convenient
The invention provides a test method specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, which has the following better technical effects compared with the prior art:
the embodiment provides a test method specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-sized and nano-sized magnetic particles, and particularly tests the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-sized and nano-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, the electromagnetic field intensity and the size of a loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber.
The laser displacement sensor can measure the position change of a measured object in a non-contact manner, has the technical effects of high measurement precision, high sensitivity and accurate and efficient signal transmission for the small displacement change of the piston of the shock absorber, and directly displays a test result through the oscilloscope, so that the method is more intuitive and rapid.
The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic regulation control of loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, the accuracy and stability of loading are guaranteed, the adjustable range of the loading load is large, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A test method is characterized in that a test bed is utilized to specially test the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of magnetic functional fluid containing micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles, the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-scale and nanometer-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, the electromagnetic field intensity and the loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio refers to the volume percentage ratio of the micron-scale particles to the nanometer-scale magnetic particles in a fluid medium; the test bed comprises a pneumatic loading module (17), a tested shock absorber module (1) and a resistance characteristic detection module;
a main air path of a high-pressure air source (17-1) of the pneumatic loading module (17) is connected with a switch valve (17-2), an air outlet of the switch valve (17-2) is respectively connected with a pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) and an air inlet of an air inlet valve (17-4), an air outlet of the air inlet valve (17-4) is respectively connected with a bypass air path of a pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) and an air inlet of an air outlet valve (17-5), an air outlet pipeline connected with the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) is connected with an air pressure sensor (17-6), the air pressure sensor (17-6) is connected with a control mechanism (17-7), the air inlet valve (17-4) and the air outlet valve (17-5) are both two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, and the air inlet, The exhaust valves (17-5) are connected to a control mechanism (17-7), the control mechanism (17-7) is connected to a power supply and an industrial personal computer, and the gas outlet pipeline is connected to the pressure gas cavity (13);
the pressure gas cavity (13) is connected to a loading cylinder (6) through an electromagnetic switch valve (5), a loading piston (7) is arranged in the loading cylinder (6), and the loading piston (7) is fixed at one end of a piston rod (1-3);
a damping piston (1-2) is fixed in the middle of the piston rod (1-3) of the tested damper module (1), a displacement detection rod is vertically fixed at the other end of the piston rod (1-3), a cylinder head support is fixed at the cylinder head of one end of the damping cylinder (1-1), and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the damping cylinder in a space defined by the cylinder head support; the damping piston (1-2) is arranged in the damping cylinder (1-1) and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1), the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1) is filled with magnetic functional fluid (1-6), the magnetic functional fluid is a mixed solution containing micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles, an electromagnetic coil (1-5) is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder (1-1), and the electromagnetic coil (1-5) is connected with a direct-current power supply (2);
the resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor (10), the laser displacement sensor (10) detects the displacement change of the displacement detection rod, and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope (12) through the signal amplifier (11); a force sensor (8) is arranged on the top table surface of the cylinder head support, and the force sensor (8) is connected to the oscilloscope (12) through a strain amplifier (9);
the test method based on the test bed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: opening pneumatic loading
When the test work is started, the industrial personal computer sends a loading instruction, and inputs expected loading load to the control mechanism, wherein the expected loading load is the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity (13) by the gas outlet pipeline; pressure gas of a high-pressure gas source (17-1) enters a pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3), a gas outlet pipeline and gas inlets of a gas inlet valve (17-4) and a gas outlet valve (17-5) through a switch valve (17-2), and a pressure sensor (17-6) transmits a detected pressure signal to a control mechanism (17-7);
step two: control of loading load
When the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor (17-6) is lower than the expected loading load, the control mechanism (17-7) controls the air inlet valve (17-4) to be opened and the air outlet valve (17-5) to be closed, at the moment, the air pressure of air entering a bypass air path of a bypass air path through the air inlet valve (17-4) is input into a pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) to enable a main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) to move downwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) is increased; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor (17-6) is higher than the expected loading load, the control mechanism (17-7) controls the air inlet valve (17-4) to be closed and the air outlet valve (17-5) to be opened, at the moment, the pressure gas in the pilot cavity of the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) is exhausted through the bypass air path and the air outlet valve (17-6), the main valve core of the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) moves upwards, and the pressure output by the pilot type pressure regulating valve (17-3) is reduced; the dynamic adjustment is carried out until the deviation between the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity by the gas outlet pipeline and the expected loading load is 0, and the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline is maintained;
step three: driving of the damper under test
The direct current power supply (2) is electrified to the electromagnetic coils (1-5), the electromagnetic switch valve (5) is opened, and pressure gas enters the loading cylinder (6) to push the loading piston (7) to drive the damping piston (1-2) to move;
step four: detection of resistance characteristics and display of detection results
The laser displacement sensor (10) detects the real-time displacement of the damping piston by detecting the displacement change of the displacement detection rod by using a direct laser triangulation method, and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope (12) through the signal amplifier (11); the force sensor (8) detects the resistance of the shock absorber, and transmits a resistance detection signal to the oscilloscope (12) through the strain amplifier (9), the oscilloscope (12) displays a relation curve between the resistance and the displacement, and the gas pressure in the pressure gas cavity (13) is always stabilized at an expected loading load in the whole test process;
changing experimental conditions, repeating the steps from one step to four, and obtaining the influence of various factors of different mixing ratios, different loading loads and different magnetic field strengths on the resistance characteristic of the vibrator by changing two mixing ratios of micron-sized magnetic particles and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the damper, or controlling and outputting different loading loads through a pneumatic loading module, or controlling the current of a direct current power supply to obtain different magnetic field strengths.
2. The test method according to claim 1, the test bench for carrying out the test method further comprising a test bench having a bench support (14) lower part fixed on the pressure gas chamber (13), the test bench having an intermediate rib (15) and a top plate (16), the force sensor (8) being fixed between the top table of the cylinder head support and the intermediate rib (15), the laser displacement sensor (10) being fixed on the top plate (16).
3. The test method according to claim 1, wherein both end cylinder heads of the cushion cylinder (1) of the test bench for carrying out the test method are provided with a packing (1-4) at portions in sliding contact with both ends of a piston rod (1-3).
4. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the middle rib plate (15) and the top plate (16) of the test bench for implementing the test method are provided with a channel for laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
5. Test method according to claim 1, the pressure gas chamber (13) of the test bench carrying out the test method being connected to a pressure gauge (4).
6. The test method according to claim 1, the laser displacement sensor (10) of the bench implementing the test method being the direct laser triangulation displacement sensor.
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| CN202011111085.2A CN112304584B (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Test method |
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