CN112255579B - Test bed - Google Patents
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- CN112255579B CN112255579B CN202011109800.9A CN202011109800A CN112255579B CN 112255579 B CN112255579 B CN 112255579B CN 202011109800 A CN202011109800 A CN 202011109800A CN 112255579 B CN112255579 B CN 112255579B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
- G01C3/10—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders using a parallactic triangle with variable angles and a base of fixed length in the observation station, e.g. in the instrument
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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Abstract
The application relates to a test bed which is specially used for testing the resistance characteristics of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, namely testing the influence of different mixing ratios, electromagnetic field strength and loading load of the micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber. The laser displacement sensor is used for non-contact measurement of the position change of the measured object, has the technical effects of high measurement accuracy, high sensitivity and accurate and efficient signal transmission for the micro displacement change of the shock absorber piston, and the test result is directly displayed by the oscilloscope, so that the method is more visual and quicker. The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic adjustment control on loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, loading accuracy and stability are guaranteed, the adjustable range of loading load is larger, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of vibrator testing, in particular to a test bed special for testing the resistance characteristics of a damper.
Background
A shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid having micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, which can control shock absorption resistance by controlling the intensity of a magnetic field applied to the magnetic functional fluid, thereby controlling the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. The mixing ratio of the magnetic particles of different size structures in the magnetic functional fluid is a main influencing factor of the size of the clusters of magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid, the cohesion between the magnetic particles, and the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the magnetic field strength of the magnetic particles. Therefore, the mixing ratio of the micro-scale magnetic particles to the nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid has an important influence on the damping resistance characteristics of the shock absorber. In order to study the influence of the mixing ratio of micro-scale magnetic particles and nano-scale magnetic particles, the electromagnetic field strength and the loading load in the magnetic functional fluid on the damping resistance characteristics of the shock absorber, the industry needs a test bench for testing the damping resistance characteristics of the shock absorber, and the prior test bench has the following technical problems:
1. the existing vibrator test bed is difficult to realize dynamic accurate test capturing and signal collecting and transmitting of tiny displacement variation by a displacement variation detection means, has insufficient intellectualization for signal analysis, and cannot guarantee accuracy and credibility of test results.
2. The existing vibrator test bed is not accurate and efficient enough in load control on vibrator loading, the loading load is difficult to keep stable, and accuracy and reliability of test results cannot be guaranteed.
3. The test bed for testing the resistance characteristics of the shock absorber of the magnetic functional fluid containing the micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles is realized, and has high requirements on accuracy, sensitivity and anti-interference performance, and the test bed needs to be specially designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a test bed is used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles, wherein the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, electromagnetic field strength and loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio of the micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles refers to the ratio of the volume percentages of the micron-sized particles and the nanometer-sized magnetic particles in a fluid medium. The test bed comprises a pneumatic loading module, a tested shock absorber module and a resistance characteristic detection module;
the main gas path of the high-pressure gas source of the pneumatic loading module is connected with a switch valve, the gas outlets of the switch valve are respectively connected with the gas inlets of a pilot-operated pressure regulating valve and a gas inlet valve, the gas outlets of the gas inlet valve are respectively connected with the gas inlets of a bypass gas path and a gas outlet valve of a pilot-operated pressure regulating valve pilot cavity, the gas outlet pipe of the pilot-operated pressure regulating valve is connected with a gas pressure sensor, the gas pressure sensor is connected to a control mechanism, the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve are two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve are both connected to the control mechanism, the control mechanism is connected to a power supply and an industrial computer, and the gas outlet pipe is connected to a pressure gas cavity;
the pressure gas cavity is connected to a loading cylinder through an electromagnetic switch valve, a loading piston is arranged in the loading cylinder, and the loading piston is fixed at one end of a piston rod;
a damping piston is fixed in the middle of the piston rod of the tested damper module, a displacement detection rod is vertically fixed at the other end of the piston rod, a cylinder head support is fixed at one end of the damping cylinder, and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the damping cylinder in a space defined by the cylinder head support; the damping piston is arranged in the damping cylinder and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder, the inner cavity of the damping cylinder is filled with magnetic functional fluid, the magnetic functional fluid is mixed liquid containing micron-level and nano-level magnetic particles, an electromagnetic coil is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder, and the electromagnetic coil is connected with a direct-current power supply;
the resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor, and the laser displacement sensor detects the displacement change of the displacement detection rod and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope through the signal amplifier; a force sensor is arranged on the top table surface of the cylinder head support, and the force sensor is connected to the oscilloscope through a strain amplifier.
The experiment table further comprises a test table, the lower part of a table support of the test table is fixed on the pressure gas cavity, the test table is provided with a middle rib plate and a top plate, the force sensor is fixed between the top table surface of the cylinder head support and the middle rib plate, and the laser displacement sensor is fixed on the top plate.
The cylinder heads at the two ends of the damping cylinder are provided with sealing fillers at the parts which are in sliding contact with the two ends of the piston rod.
The middle rib plate and the top plate are provided with channels for the laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
The pressure gas cavity is connected with a pressure gauge.
The laser displacement sensor is the direct laser triangulation displacement sensor.
The test principle of the test stand of the application is as follows:
when the test work starts, the industrial personal computer sends a loading instruction, and a desired loading load is input to the control mechanism, wherein the desired loading load is the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity 13 by the gas outlet pipeline; the pressure gas of the high-pressure gas source 17-1 enters the air inlets of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3, the air outlet pipeline, the air inlet valve 17-4 and the air outlet valve 17-5 through the switch valve 17-2, and the air pressure sensor 17-6 transmits the detected pressure signal to the control mechanism 17-7;
when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is lower than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be opened and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be closed, at the moment, the air pressure entering the bypass air passage through the air inlet valve 17-4 is input into the pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 to enable the main valve core of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 to move downwards, and the pressure output by the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is increased; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is higher than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be closed and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be opened, and at the moment, the pressure gas in the pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is discharged through the bypass air passage and the air outlet valve 17-6, the main valve core of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 moves upwards, and the output pressure of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is reduced; such dynamic adjustment is performed until the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline into the pressure gas cavity deviates from the expected loading load by 0, and the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipeline is maintained;
the direct-current power supply 2 is used for electrifying the electromagnetic coil 1-5, the electromagnetic switch valve 5 is opened, pressurized gas enters the loading cylinder 6, and the loading piston 7 is pushed to drive the damping piston 1-2 to move;
the laser displacement sensor 10 detects real-time displacement of the damper piston by detecting displacement variation of the displacement detection rod by using a direct laser triangulation method, and transmits a detection signal to the oscilloscope 12 via the signal amplifier 11; the force sensor 8 detects the resistance of the shock absorber and transmits a resistance detection signal to the oscilloscope 12 through the strain amplifier 9, the oscilloscope 12 displays a relation curve between the resistance and displacement, and the gas pressure in the pressure gas cavity 13 is always stable at the expected loading load in the whole test process;
the experimental conditions are changed, the steps one to four are repeated, and the influence of various factors such as different mixing ratios, different loading loads and different magnetic field intensities on the resistance characteristics of the vibrator is obtained by changing the mixing ratio of the micro-scale magnetic particles and the nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, or controlling and outputting different loading loads through the pneumatic loading module, or controlling the direct current power supply current to obtain different magnetic field intensities.
The direct laser triangulation measurement system mainly comprises a laser source, a receiving lens, a PSD photoelectric position detector and a signal processing unit, wherein the intersection line of the plane where the PSD is positioned and the plane where the lens is positioned is intersected with the axis of an incident beam and is vertical to the axis. The geometrical relationship of displacement measured by the laser triangulation method is as follows:
and then the PSD detection displacement is changed along with the displacement of the object plane to be detected as follows,
the laser source emits visible red laser to the tested surface of the displacement testing rod, the laser scattered by the tested surface is received by the PSD photoelectric position detector through the receiving lens, and the PSD photoelectric position detector can 'see' the light spot under different angles according to different distances. The signal processing unit calculates the distance between the sensor and the object to be measured based on the detected angles phi, theta and the known distances l' and l shown in fig. 4. Meanwhile, the position of the light beam at the receiving element is processed by an analog circuit and a digital circuit, and is analyzed by a signal processing unit to calculate a corresponding output value, and a standard data signal is output in proportion in an analog quantity window set by a user.
The highest linearity of the laser displacement sensor adopting the triangulation method can reach 1um, and the resolution ratio can reach the level of 0.1 um. For example, a ZLDS100 type sensor can achieve 0.01% high resolution, 0.1% high linearity and 9.4KHz high response, and is suitable for severe environments.
The application proposes a test bench specially used for testing the resistance characteristics of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, which achieves the following better technical effects compared with the prior art:
the application provides a test bed specially used for testing the resistance characteristics of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, and particularly tests the influence of different mixing ratios, electromagnetic field strength and loading load of the micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber on the damping resistance of the shock absorber.
The laser displacement sensor can be used for non-contact measurement of the position change of a measured object, has the technical effects of high measurement accuracy, high sensitivity and accurate and efficient signal transmission for the small displacement change of the shock absorber piston, and the test result is directly displayed by the oscilloscope, so that the method is more visual and quicker.
The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic adjustment control on loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, loading accuracy and stability are guaranteed, the adjustable range of loading load is larger, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic main structure of a test bench according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic loading module of a test bench according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tested shock absorber module of a test bench according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the laser displacement sensor of the test bench according to the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of displacement-resistance tests of mixed liquids of two mixing ratios of micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in a magnetic functional fluid of a shock absorber of a test bench under the same loading load and different magnetic field strengths, respectively, in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of displacement-resistance tests of mixed liquids of two mixing ratios of micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in a magnetic functional fluid of a shock absorber of a test bench under different loading loads and the same magnetic field strength, respectively, in an embodiment of the present application;
Detailed Description
The application is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
a test bed is used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles, wherein the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, electromagnetic field strength and loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio of the micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles refers to the ratio of the volume percentages of the micron-sized particles and the nanometer-sized magnetic particles in a fluid medium. As shown in fig. 1-3, the test stand comprises a pneumatic loading module 17, a tested shock absorber module 1 and a resistance characteristic detection module;
the main gas path of the high-pressure gas source 17-1 of the pneumatic loading module 17 is connected with a switch valve 17-2, the gas outlet of the switch valve 17-2 is respectively connected with a pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 and the gas inlet of a gas inlet valve 17-4, the gas outlet of the gas inlet valve 17-4 is respectively connected with the bypass gas path of a pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 and the gas inlet of a gas outlet valve 17-5, the gas outlet pipe of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is connected with a gas pressure sensor 17-6, the gas pressure sensor 17-6 is connected with a control mechanism 17-7, the gas inlet valve 17-4 and the gas outlet valve 17-5 are two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, the gas inlet valve 17-4 and the gas outlet valve 17-5 are both connected with the control mechanism 17-7, the control mechanism 17-7 is connected with a power supply and an industrial computer, and the gas outlet pipe is connected with the pressure gas cavity 13;
the pressure gas cavity 13 is connected to the loading cylinder 6 through the electromagnetic switch valve 5, a loading piston 7 is arranged in the loading cylinder 6, and the loading piston 7 is fixed at one end of the piston rod 1-3;
the middle part of the piston rod 1-3 of the tested shock absorber module 1 is fixedly provided with a shock absorption piston 1-2, the other end of the piston rod 1-3 is vertically fixed with a displacement detection rod, one end of the shock absorption cylinder 1-1 is fixedly provided with a cylinder head bracket, and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the shock absorption cylinder in a space defined by the cylinder head bracket; the damping piston (1-2) is arranged in the damping cylinder (1-1) and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1), the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1) is filled with magnetic functional fluid, the magnetic functional fluid is mixed liquid containing micron-level and nano-level magnetic particles, an electromagnetic coil 1-5 is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder 1-1, and the electromagnetic coil 1-5 is connected with a direct current power supply 1-2;
the resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor 10, wherein the laser displacement sensor 10 detects the displacement change of a displacement detection rod and transmits a detection signal to an oscilloscope 12 through a signal amplifier 11; a force sensor 8 is provided at the top table of the cylinder head support, which force sensor 8 is connected to the oscilloscope 12 via a strain amplifier 9.
The experiment table further comprises a test table, the lower part of a table support 14 of the test table is fixed on the pressure gas cavity 13, the test table is provided with an intermediate rib plate 15 and a top plate 16, the force sensor 8 is fixed between the top table surface of the cylinder head support and the intermediate rib plate 15, and the laser displacement sensor 10 is fixed on the top plate 16.
The two ends of the shock absorbing cylinder 1 are provided with sealing fillers 1-4 at the parts which are in sliding contact with the two ends of the piston rod 1-3.
The middle rib plate 15 and the top plate 16 are provided with channels for the laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
The pressure gas cavity 13 is connected with a pressure gauge 4.
The laser displacement sensor 10 is the direct laser triangulation displacement sensor.
The test principle of the test stand of the application is as follows:
when the test work starts, the industrial personal computer sends a loading instruction, a desired loading load is input to the control mechanism, and the desired recording load is the gas pressure output to the pressure gas cavity by the gas outlet pipeline; the pressure gas of the high-pressure gas source 17-1 enters the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 and the gas outlet pipeline and the gas inlet valve 17-4 and the gas outlet valve 17-5 through the switch valve 17-2, and the gas pressure sensor 17-6 transmits the detected pressure signal to the control mechanism 17-7; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is lower than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be opened and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be closed, and at the moment, the air pressure of the bypass air path is input into the pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 to enable the main valve core of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 to move downwards, and the output pressure of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is increased; when the pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 17-6 is higher than the expected loading load, the control mechanism 17-7 controls the air inlet valve 17-4 to be closed and the air outlet valve 17-5 to be opened, and at the moment, the pressure gas in the pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is discharged through the bypass air passage and the air outlet valve 17-6, the main valve core of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 moves upwards, and the output pressure of the pilot pressure regulating valve 17-3 is reduced; such dynamic adjustment is performed until the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipe into the pressure gas chamber deviates from the desired loading load by 0 and the gas pressure output by the gas outlet pipe is maintained.
The direct current power supply 2 is electrified to the electromagnetic coil 1-5, the electromagnetic switch valve 5 is opened, pressure gas enters the loading cylinder 6, the loading piston 7 is pushed to drive the damping piston 1-2 to move, the laser displacement sensor 10 detects real-time displacement of the damping piston by detecting displacement change of the displacement detection rod by using a direct laser triangulation method, a detection signal is transmitted to the oscilloscope 12 through the signal amplifier 11, the force sensor 8 detects resistance of the shock absorber, the resistance detection signal is transmitted to the oscilloscope 12 through the strain amplifier 9, the oscilloscope 12 displays a relation curve between the resistance and the displacement, and the gas pressure in the pressure gas cavity 13 is always stable at a desired loading load in the whole test process. And the mixing ratio of micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber can be changed, different loading loads can be controlled and output through the pneumatic loading module, and different magnetic field intensities can be obtained by controlling the direct current power supply current, so that the influence of various factors such as different mixing ratios, different loading loads and different magnetic field intensities on the resistance characteristic of the shock absorber can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 4, the laser displacement sensor 10 for direct laser triangulation mainly comprises a laser source, a receiving lens, a PSD photoelectric position detector and a signal processing unit, wherein the intersection line of the plane in which the PSD is located and the plane in which the receiving lens is located intersects with the axis of the incident beam and is perpendicular to the axis. The geometrical relationship of displacement measured by the laser triangulation method is as follows:
further, the change of PSD detection displacement along with the displacement of the detected surface of the displacement detection rod is obtained as follows,
the laser source emits visible red laser to the tested surface of the displacement testing rod, the laser scattered by the tested surface is received by the PSD photoelectric position detector through the receiving lens, and the PSD photoelectric position detector can 'see' the light spot under different angles according to different distances. The signal processing unit calculates the distance between the sensor and the object to be measured based on the detected angles phi, theta and the known distances l' and l shown in fig. 4. Meanwhile, the position of the light beam at the receiving element is processed by an analog circuit and a digital circuit, and is analyzed by a signal processing unit to calculate a corresponding output value, and a standard data signal is output in proportion in an analog quantity window set by a user.
The highest linearity of the laser displacement sensor adopting the triangulation method can reach 1um, and the resolution ratio can reach the level of 0.1 um. For example, a ZLDS100 type sensor can achieve 0.01% high resolution, 0.1% high linearity and 9.4KHz high response, and is suitable for severe environments.
As shown in table 1, in this example, the magnetic functional fluid (medium 1) having a mixing ratio of 27.2[ vol.% ] for the micrometer-sized magnetic particles and 2.8[ vol.% ] for the nanometer-sized magnetic particles gave a displacement-resistance test result graph of the medium 1 shown in fig. 5 with currents of 0A, 3A, and 6A, respectively, at a pneumatic loading of 0.6 MPa; then, when the current of the magnetic functional fluid is 6A, the displacement-resistance test result diagram of the medium 1 shown in fig. 6 is obtained under the conditions that the pneumatic loading load is 0.2A, 0.4A and 0.6A respectively;
as shown in table 1, in this example, 24.4[ vol.% ] with micron-sized magnetic particles; the magnetic functional fluid (medium 2) with the mixing ratio of the nano-scale magnetic particles 5.6[ vol.% ] obtains a displacement-resistance test result diagram of the medium 2 shown in fig. 5 under the conditions that the currents are 0A, 3A and 6A respectively when the pneumatic loading load is 0.6 MPa; the displacement-resistance test result diagram of the medium 2 shown in fig. 6 was obtained when the current was 6A and the pneumatic loading load was 0.2A, 0.4A, and 0.6A.
The test result is accurate and reliable, the stability of the test process is good, the test flanging is fast connected, and the automatic control is convenient
TABLE 1
The application proposes a test bench specially used for testing the resistance characteristics of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, which achieves the following better technical effects compared with the prior art:
the application provides a test bed specially used for testing the resistance characteristics of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles, and particularly tests the influence of different mixing ratios, electromagnetic field strength and loading load of the micro-scale and nano-scale magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber on the damping resistance of the shock absorber.
The laser displacement sensor can be used for non-contact measurement of the position change of a measured object, has the technical effects of high measurement accuracy, high sensitivity and accurate and efficient signal transmission for the small displacement change of the shock absorber piston, and the test result is directly displayed by the oscilloscope, so that the method is more visual and quicker.
The pneumatic loading module is designed, pneumatic loading, pressure maintaining and automatic adjustment control on loading load are realized through the design of the control mechanism, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the pilot pressure regulating valve, loading accuracy and stability are guaranteed, the adjustable range of loading load is larger, and the testable working condition range of the test bed is larger.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A test bed, which is specially used for testing the resistance characteristic of a shock absorber of a magnetic functional fluid containing micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles, wherein the resistance characteristic refers to the influence of different mixing ratios of the micron-sized and nanometer-sized magnetic particles in the magnetic functional fluid of the shock absorber, electromagnetic field strength and loading load on the shock absorption resistance of the shock absorber, and the mixing ratio refers to the ratio of the volume percentages of the micron-sized particles and the nanometer-sized magnetic particles in a fluid medium; the test bed comprises a pneumatic loading module (17), a tested shock absorber module (1) and a resistance characteristic detection module; the method is characterized in that:
the main gas path of a high-pressure gas source (17-1) of the pneumatic loading module (17) is connected with a switch valve (17-2), the gas outlets of the switch valve (17-2) are respectively connected with a pilot pressure regulating valve (17-3) and the gas inlet of a gas inlet valve (17-4), the gas outlets of the gas inlet valve (17-4) are respectively connected with the gas inlets of a bypass gas path of a pilot cavity of the pilot pressure regulating valve (17-3) and a gas outlet valve (17-5), the gas outlet pipe of the pilot pressure regulating valve (17-3) is connected with a gas pressure sensor (17-6), the gas pressure sensor (17-6) is connected to a control mechanism (17-7), the gas inlet valve (17-4) and the gas outlet valve (17-5) are both two-position two-way electromagnetic control high-speed switch valves, the gas inlet valve (17-4) and the gas outlet valve (17-5) are both connected to the control mechanism (17-7), the control mechanism (17-7) is connected to a power supply and an industrial computer, and the gas outlet pipe is connected to the gas pressure cavity (13);
the pressure gas cavity (13) is connected to the loading cylinder (6) through the electromagnetic switch valve (5), a loading piston (7) is arranged in the loading cylinder (6), and the loading piston (7) is fixed at one end of the piston rod (1-3);
a damping piston (1-2) is fixed in the middle of a piston rod (1-3) of the tested damper module (1), a displacement detection rod is vertically fixed at the other end of the piston rod (1-3), a cylinder head support is fixed at one end of a damping cylinder (1-1), and the displacement detection rod moves in the axial direction of the damping cylinder in a space defined by the cylinder head support; the damping piston (1-2) is arranged in the damping cylinder (1-1) and keeps a gap with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1), the inner cavity of the damping cylinder (1-1) is filled with magnetic functional fluid (1-6), the magnetic functional fluid is mixed liquid containing micron-level and nano-level magnetic particles, an electromagnetic coil (1-5) is arranged outside the cylinder body of the damping cylinder (1-1), and the electromagnetic coil (1-5) is connected with a direct current power supply (2);
the resistance characteristic detection module is provided with a laser displacement sensor (10), and the laser displacement sensor (10) detects the displacement change of the displacement detection rod and transmits detection signals to an oscilloscope (12) through a signal amplifier (11); a force sensor (8) is arranged on the top table surface of the cylinder head support, and the force sensor (8) is connected to the oscilloscope (12) through a strain amplifier (9).
2. The test bench according to claim 1, further comprising a test bench, a bench support (14) of which is fixed on the pressure gas chamber (13) at a lower part, the test bench having an intermediate rib (15) and a top plate (16), the force sensor (8) being fixed between a top mesa of the cylinder head support and the intermediate rib (15), the laser displacement sensor (10) being fixed on the top plate (16).
3. Test bench according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder heads at both ends of the shock absorbing cylinder (1-1) are provided with sealing packing (1-4) at portions in sliding contact with both ends of the piston rod (1-3).
4. A test bench according to claim 2, wherein said intermediate rib (15) and top plate (16) are provided with channels for the laser of the laser displacement sensor to pass through.
5. A test bench according to claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge (4) is connected to said pressure gas chamber (13).
6. The test bench according to claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensor (10) is a direct laser triangulation displacement sensor.
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