CN112304235B - System and method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in tunneling process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process, wherein the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used for acquiring field data and wirelessly transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module. The settlement monitoring device comprises a rigid rod, a CCD camera, a graduated scale and a plurality of cement piles, wherein the rigid rod is arranged between every two cement piles, and the pointer at the front end of the rigid rod is used for indicating the graduated scale to change so as to monitor the settlement amount. The invention transmits data wirelessly, measures in a non-contact way in the whole process, is convenient and simple to arrange, and does not influence the normal navigation of the water surface.

Description

A system and method for monitoring underwater settlement and deformation during tunnel excavation

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering and relates to an automatic monitoring technology for settlement, in particular to a system and method for monitoring the deformation of underwater settlement during tunnel excavation.

Background technique

The rapid development of urban subway construction has eased the urban traffic pressure, but also brought increasingly prominent problems of tunnel excavation and operation safety precautions, and the tunnel deformation monitoring technology has emerged as the times require. The safety monitoring content mainly includes tunnel erosion monitoring, tunnel structure monitoring and stratum monitoring. Then the tunnel settlement deformation, especially the settlement deformation caused by tunnel excavation under the water body, has always been the focus of monitoring, and the measurement methods of settlement at home and abroad are mainly based on artificial regular Re-measurement and uninterrupted measurement caused by on-site installation of advanced instruments are the main methods, which have high cost and poor real-time performance. In addition, the processing of traditional monitoring data is mainly done manually, the data processing efficiency is low, and the feedback of data results is not timely, which is not conducive to the analysis of monitoring data. and monitoring and forecasting, influencing engineering decision-making. Therefore, it is particularly important to build an automatic monitoring system to release the bottom settlement deformation data and abnormal alarms in real time during the tunnel excavation process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This patented method is a method of installing an industrial camera on the bottom of the tunnel during the tunnel excavation process to take pictures and measure the measuring point in real time to monitor the settlement and deformation. The deformation monitoring has high precision, no wear, and good real-time performance. The whole process is non-contact measurement, which does not affect the normal navigation of the water surface. The layout is convenient and simple, and it can automatically obtain monitoring data in real time and grasp the trend of settlement and deformation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A monitoring system for underwater settlement and deformation during tunnel excavation, which is characterized in that it includes a monitoring data collection layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer. Data is transmitted to the data communication storage layer by wireless; the data communication storage layer includes a communication controller and a database as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal for querying, analyzing and processing data, It includes a data query module, a table query module, a working condition query module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistics module.

Further, the monitoring data collection layer includes a settlement monitoring device, a data collection module, a FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip, and the monitoring data collected by the data collection module of the settlement monitoring device is temporarily stored in the FIFO memory, and processed by microprocessing. The device and the communication chip communicate data wirelessly with the data communication storage layer.

Further, the settlement monitoring device includes a rigid rod, a CCD camera, a scale and several cement piles, the several cement piles are distributed on several monitoring points, and a rigid rod is set between every two cement piles, and one end of the rigid rod is fixed. On one cement pile, the other end is a free end, the free end is provided with a pointer and a CCD camera, another cement pile opposite to the free end is provided with a vertically installed scale, and the CCD camera on the free end It is used to photograph the scale of the pointer on the scale on another cement pile, and the installation direction of the rigid rod is the same between the cement piles.

Further, the free end of each rigid rod is provided with a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera.

Further, the cement piles around the scale are provided with water spray scouring devices for spraying water on them.

Further, the several monitoring points are distributed on a straight line at the top and bottom of the tunnel, and the straight line is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel.

A method for monitoring underwater settlement and deformation during tunnel excavation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Set an odd number of monitoring points on the bottom of the tunnel at the top of the tunnel to build the above-mentioned bottom settlement and deformation monitoring system. The monitoring points are numbered as 1, 2...i...n, the number 1 and number n are the reference points, 2 to n-1 for the measuring point,

Step 2. After the bottom settlement deformation monitoring system is built, collect data once, record the reading of the pointer on the scale of each monitoring point except No. 1, as the initial value of settlement;

k≥2。Step 3. During the monitoring process, sampling is performed at intervals of time, and the change value Δi of the pointer on the scale of the measuring point _i is recorded, and the movement of the pointer up and down the scale is recorded as positive and negative values, and any measuring point k is recorded as positive and negative values. The settlement value of

k≥2.

Further, the method for setting monitoring points in step 1 is as follows:

When the tunnel is excavated into the underwater area, the monitoring line is selected along the vertical tunnel excavation direction, and multiple monitoring points are evenly divided on the monitoring line according to its length and size. The reference point of influence, the first and last two monitoring points are all measuring points.

Compared with the existing settlement deformation monitoring technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

①A method for monitoring the settlement and deformation of the underwater during the tunnel excavation process proposed by the present invention is a method for monitoring the settlement deformation by installing an industrial camera on the bottom of the water during the tunnel excavation process to take pictures and measure the measuring points in real time. The deformation monitoring has high precision, adopts a millimeter scale, industrial cameras record the pointer change in real time, and the settlement deformation data changes with the change of the rigid rod, without contact and wear.

②Good real-time performance. Through the data acquisition terminal system, the captured images are sent to the computer through 5G or 4G signals in real time and processed by corresponding software. The whole process is non-contact measurement, and the layout is convenient and simple, and does not affect the normal navigation of the water surface.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the monitoring system for bottom settlement deformation in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the overall design diagram of the bottom settlement deformation monitoring system in the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of tunnel excavation under a water body in an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a top view of tunnel excavation under a body of water in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of vertical tunnel A-A' profile measuring point in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of hardware facilities such as measuring points and rigid rods in the embodiment of the present invention.

6-rigid rod, 7-pointer, 8-scale, 9-CCD camera, 10-LED light source, 11-data acquisition module, 12-water spraying device, 13-tunnel, 14-river bed, 15-water surface.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a monitoring system for underwater settlement and deformation during tunnel excavation includes a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer. The monitoring data acquisition layer is used as a data support source for the system. Mainly responsible for collecting on-site data, and transmitting data wirelessly to the data communication storage layer; the data communication storage layer includes a communication controller and a database as a cloud server; the user presentation layer uses a server or a mobile terminal for data query , analysis and processing, which includes a data query module, a table query module, a working condition query module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistics module.

The monitoring data acquisition layer includes a settlement monitoring device, a data acquisition module, a FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip. The data acquisition module collects the monitoring data of the settlement monitoring device and temporarily stores it through the FIFO memory, and communicates with the microprocessor through the microprocessor. The chip and the data communication storage layer perform wireless communication data transmission. In this embodiment, the communication chip is a 5G chip or a 4G chip.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the settlement monitoring device includes a rigid rod 6, a CCD camera 9, a scale 8 and a number of cement piles. Five cement piles are distributed on five monitoring points, and between every two cement piles A rigid rod 6 is set up, and there are four rigid rods 6 in total. One end of the rigid rod 6 is fixed on a cement pile, and the other end is a free end. The free end is provided with a pointer 7 and a CCD camera 9, which is opposite to the free end. Another cement pile is provided with a scale 8 installed in a vertical direction, the pointer 7 is pointed on the scale 8, and the CCD camera 9 on the free end is used to shoot the pointer 7 on the scale 8 on the other cement pile. , the installation direction of the rigid rod 6 between the cement piles is the same. In this embodiment, the data acquisition module 11 is a data acquisition card.

The free end of each rigid rod 6 is provided with a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera 9. In this embodiment, the light source is an LED light source 10, which has the advantages of high efficiency, small size, high temperature resistance, and low power consumption. It has the advantages of stable light emission, long service life, environmental protection and durability. It is ensured that the CCD camera 9 can obtain a clear reading photo of the pointer 7; the cement piles around the scale 8 are provided with a water spray flushing device 12 for spraying water on it, which is convenient for washing the scale body and keeps the scale surface value clear.

The CCD camera 9 has the advantages of high sensitivity, long service life, small distortion, small size, anti-vibration, and no afterimage. Due to the underwater work, a waterproof device is required and an automatic water spray is set on the front window of the camera to flush the lens to keep the mirror image in front of the lens clear.

The measuring points and the rigid rods 6 are prefabricated with cement piles, and the rigid rods 6 used for connection are not easily deformed.

The related software research and development can use the existing control technology to initialize the system, adjust the exposure time and sampling period of the camera, automatically start up to collect images, automatically shut down and save the data, and automatically flush the lens and ruler body. Process the image data and display the processed data in real time.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the CCD camera 9, the light source, the automatic water jet flushing device 12, the FIFO memory, the microprocessor (the ARM processor in this embodiment) and the communication chip can all be powered by batteries, and adopt IP68 waterproofing equipment.

The several monitoring points are distributed on a straight line at the top and bottom of the tunnel 13 , and the straight line is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel 13 .

A method for monitoring underwater settlement and deformation during tunnel excavation, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Set an odd number of monitoring points at the bottom of the top of the tunnel 13 to build the above-mentioned bottom settlement deformation monitoring system. The monitoring points are numbered as 1, 2...i...n, and the numbers 1 and n (5 in this embodiment) are: A reference point far away from the tunnel 13 excavation site and stable without settlement deformation,

Step 2. Immediately after building the bottom settlement deformation monitoring system, collect data once, and record the reading of the pointer 7 on the scale 8 of each monitoring point except No. 1, as the initial value of the settlement;

k≥2。Step 3. During the monitoring process, sampling is performed at regular intervals, and the change value Δi of the pointer 7 on the scale 8 of the measuring point _i is recorded, and the movement of the pointer up and down the scale is recorded as positive and negative values, such as the relative value of the pointer. The upward movement from the initial value is recorded as a positive value, the downward movement is recorded as a negative value, and the settlement value of any measuring point k is

k≥2.

During the monitoring process, the automatic water jet flushing device 12 is periodically activated to flush the scale 8 and the pointer 7 with water, so as to maintain the clarity of the pictures taken by the CCD camera 9 .

The method of setting monitoring points in step 1 is as follows:

As shown in FIG. 3 , when the tunnel 13 is excavated into the underwater area, first determine the excavation direction of the tunnel 13, and set a virtual plane (AA' section) in the direction perpendicular to the excavation direction of the tunnel 13, and the virtual plane intersects with the water bottom. A line is obtained as a monitoring line, the line A-A' in Figure 4. On the monitoring line, a plurality of monitoring points are evenly divided according to their lengths and dimensions. Between each datum point are measuring points, as shown in Figure 5, namely datum point 1, measuring point 2, measuring point 3, measuring point 4 and datum point 5.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but they are only one of the embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions made to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a deformation monitoring system is subsided at bottom of tunnel tunnelling in-process which characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used as a data support source of the system and is mainly responsible for acquiring field data and transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer in a wireless manner; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module;

the monitoring data acquisition layer comprises a settlement monitoring device, a data acquisition module, an FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip, wherein the data acquisition module acquires monitoring data of the settlement monitoring device, temporarily stores the monitoring data through the FIFO memory, and performs wireless communication data transmission with the data communication storage layer through the microprocessor and the communication chip;

the settlement monitoring device comprises a rigid rod, a CCD camera, a graduated scale and a plurality of cement piles, wherein the cement piles are distributed on a plurality of monitoring points, the rigid rod is arranged between every two cement piles, one end of the rigid rod is fixed on one cement pile, the other end of the rigid rod is a free end, the free end is provided with a pointer and the CCD camera, the graduated scale which is installed in the vertical direction is arranged on the other cement pile opposite to the free end, the CCD camera on the free end is used for shooting scales of the pointer on the graduated scale on the other cement pile, and the installation directions of the rigid rods between the cement piles are the same.

2. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to claim 1, wherein: and the free end of each rigid rod is provided with a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera.

3. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to claim 1, wherein: and the cement piles around the graduated scale are provided with water spraying and washing devices for spraying water to the cement piles.

4. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the monitoring points are distributed on a straight line at the bottom of the top of the tunnel, and the straight line is vertical to the axial direction of the tunnel.

5. A method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, setting odd monitoring points at the bottom of the top of a tunnel, constructing a water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the number of the monitoring points is 1, 2 … i … n, the number 1 and the number n are reference points, the number 2 to n-1 are measuring points, and step 2, acquiring data once immediately after the water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system is constructed, and recording the reading of a pointer on a graduated scale of each monitoring point except the number 1 as an initial value of settlement;

step 3, sampling once every a period of time in the monitoring process, and recording the change value delta of the pointer on the graduated scale of the point i_iThe movement changes of the pointer up and down the graduated scale are respectively recorded as positive and negative values, and the settlement value of any measuring point k is

6. The method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in the tunneling process according to claim 5, wherein: the method for setting the monitoring points in the step 1 comprises the following steps:

when the tunnel is excavated into an underwater area, a monitoring line is selected along the direction vertical to the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of monitoring points are uniformly divided on the monitoring line according to the length and the size of the monitoring line, wherein the head and the tail of the monitoring points are reference points which are far away from the tunneling area and are not influenced by tunnel mining, and measuring points are arranged between the head and the tail of the monitoring points.

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