CN112304235A - System and method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in tunneling process - Google Patents

System and method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in tunneling process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112304235A
CN112304235A CN202011231614.2A CN202011231614A CN112304235A CN 112304235 A CN112304235 A CN 112304235A CN 202011231614 A CN202011231614 A CN 202011231614A CN 112304235 A CN112304235 A CN 112304235A
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monitoring
data
settlement
points
tunnel
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CN112304235B (en
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张晓平
孙伟
许丹
王浩杰
张心悦
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Wuhan University WHU
China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd
China Railway Construction South China Construction Co Ltd
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Wuhan University WHU
China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process, wherein the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used for acquiring field data and wirelessly transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module. The settlement monitoring device comprises a rigid rod, a CCD camera, a graduated scale and a plurality of cement piles, wherein the rigid rod is arranged between every two cement piles, and the pointer at the front end of the rigid rod is used for indicating the graduated scale to change so as to monitor the settlement amount. The invention transmits data wirelessly, measures in a non-contact way in the whole process, is convenient and simple to arrange, and does not influence the normal navigation of the water surface.

Description

System and method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in tunneling process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering, relates to an automatic settlement monitoring technology, and particularly relates to a system and a method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process.
Background
The rapid development of urban subway construction relieves the urban traffic pressure and brings the problems of tunnel excavation and operation safety prevention which are outstanding day by day, and the tunnel deformation monitoring technology comes into force. The safety monitoring content mainly comprises tunnel erosion monitoring, tunnel structure monitoring and stratum monitoring, tunnel settlement deformation, particularly settlement deformation caused by tunnel excavation under a water body is always the monitoring key, the domestic and foreign settlement measuring method mainly aims at manual periodical retesting and continuous measurement caused by field installation of advanced instruments, the cost is high, the real-time performance is poor, the traditional monitoring data processing is mainly completed manually, the data processing efficiency is low, data result feedback is not timely, analysis, monitoring and forecasting of the monitoring data are not facilitated, and engineering decision is influenced. Therefore, it is very important to construct a set of automatic monitoring system and issue the water bottom settlement deformation data and abnormal alarm in the tunnel excavation process in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The method is a method for monitoring settlement deformation by installing an industrial camera at the bottom of a tunnel in the tunneling process and photographing and measuring a measuring point in real time. The deformation monitoring precision is high, no abrasion is caused, the real-time performance is good, the whole process is in non-contact measurement, and the normal navigation of the water surface is not influenced; the arrangement is convenient and simple, the monitoring data can be automatically acquired in real time, and the settlement deformation trend can be mastered.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a deformation monitoring system is subsided at bottom of tunnel tunnelling in-process which characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used as a data support source of the system and is mainly responsible for acquiring field data and transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer in a wireless manner; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module.
Furthermore, the monitoring data acquisition layer comprises a settlement monitoring device, a data acquisition module, an FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip, wherein the data acquisition module acquires monitoring data of the settlement monitoring device, temporarily stores the monitoring data through the FIFO memory, and transmits wireless communication data with the data communication storage layer through the microprocessor and the communication chip.
Further, settlement monitoring device includes rigidity pole, CCD camera, scale and a plurality of cement stake, and a plurality of cement stake distribute on a plurality of monitoring points, sets up a rigidity pole between per two cement stakes, rigidity pole one end is fixed on a cement stake, and the other end is the free end, and this free end is equipped with pointer and CCD camera, is equipped with the scale of vertical direction installation on another cement stake relative with this free end, and the CCD camera on this free end is used for shooing the scale of pointer on another cement stake scale, the installation direction of rigidity pole between the cement stake is the same.
Furthermore, a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera is arranged at the free end of each rigid rod.
Furthermore, the cement piles around the graduated scale are provided with water spraying and washing devices for spraying water to the cement piles.
Furthermore, the monitoring points are distributed on a straight line on the water bottom of the top of the tunnel, and the straight line is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel.
A method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, setting odd monitoring points at the water bottom of the top of the tunnel, building the water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system, marking the number of the monitoring points as 1, 2 … i … n, taking the number 1 and the number n as datum points, taking the number 2 to n-1 as measuring points,
step 2, immediately acquiring data once after the water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system is built, and recording the reading of a pointer on a graduated scale of each monitoring point except No. 1 as an initial value of settlement;
step 3, sampling once every a period of time in the monitoring process, and recording the change value delta of the pointer on the graduated scale of the point iiThe movement changes of the pointer up and down the graduated scale are respectively recorded as positive and negative values, and the settlement value of any measuring point k is
Figure BDA0002765411280000021
k≥2。
Further, the method for setting the monitoring points in step 1 is as follows:
when the tunnel is excavated into an underwater area, a monitoring line is selected along the direction vertical to the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of monitoring points are uniformly divided on the monitoring line according to the length and the size of the monitoring line, wherein the head and the tail of the monitoring points are reference points which are far away from the tunneling area and are not influenced by tunnel mining, and measuring points are arranged between the head and the tail of the monitoring points.
Compared with the prior settlement deformation monitoring technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process, which is a method for monitoring settlement deformation by installing an industrial camera at the underwater in the tunneling process to photograph and measure a measuring point in real time. The deformation monitoring precision is high, the millimeter graduated scale is adopted, the industrial camera shoots the change of the pointer in real time, the settlement deformation data changes along with the change of the rigid rod, and the device is free of contact and abrasion.
The real-time performance is good, the shot images are sent to a computer through 5G or 4G signals in real time through a data acquisition terminal system and are processed through corresponding software, the whole process is non-contact measurement, the arrangement is convenient and simple, and the normal navigation of the water surface is not influenced.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention illustrating the overall design of a system for monitoring the deformation of water bottom settlement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of tunneling under a water body in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of tunneling under a water body in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a measurement point of a cross section A-A' of a vertical tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of hardware devices such as measuring points and rigid rods in the embodiment of the present invention.
6-rigid rod, 7-pointer, 8-graduated scale, 9-CCD camera, 10-LED light source, 11-data acquisition module, 12-water spray flushing device, 13-tunnel, 14-riverbed and 15-water surface.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a system for monitoring underwater settlement and deformation in a tunneling process comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used as a data support source of the system and is mainly responsible for acquiring field data and transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer in a wireless manner; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module.
The monitoring data acquisition layer comprises a settlement monitoring device, a data acquisition module, an FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip, wherein the data acquisition module acquires monitoring data of the settlement monitoring device and temporarily stores the monitoring data through the FIFO memory, the monitoring data are transmitted with the data communication storage layer through the microprocessor and the communication chip in a wireless communication mode, and the communication chip is a 5G chip or a 4G chip in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the settlement monitoring device includes rigid rods 6, a CCD camera 9, a scale 8 and a plurality of cement piles, wherein 5 cement piles are distributed on 5 monitoring points, one rigid rod 6 is arranged between every two cement piles, and four rigid rods 6 are provided in total, one end of each rigid rod 6 is fixed on one cement pile, the other end is a free end, the free end is provided with a pointer 7 and the CCD camera 9, another cement pile opposite to the free end is provided with the scale 8 installed in the vertical direction, the pointer 7 is on the scale 8, the CCD camera 9 on the free end is used for shooting the scale of the pointer 7 on the scale 8 on another cement pile, and the installation directions of the rigid rods 6 between the cement piles are the same. In this embodiment, the data acquisition module 11 is a data acquisition card.
The free end of each rigid rod 6 is provided with a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera 9, in the embodiment, the light source adopts an LED light source 10, and the light source has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume, high temperature resistance, low power consumption, stable light emission, long service life, environmental protection, firmness, durability and the like. The CCD camera 9 can obtain clear reading pictures of the pointer 7; and the cement piles around the graduated scale 8 are provided with water spraying and scouring devices 12 for spraying water to the graduated scale, so that the graduated scale is convenient to wash the graduated scale body, and the numerical value of the graduated scale surface is kept clear.
The CCD camera 9 has the advantages of high sensitivity, long service life, small distortion, small volume, vibration resistance, no ghost and the like. Because work under water, need watertight fittings and set up the automatic water spray and wash the camera lens in the window before the camera, keep the preceding mirror image of camera lens clear.
The measuring points and the rigid rods 6 are made into cement piles in advance, and the rigid rods 6 used for connection are not easy to deform.
The related software research and development can adopt the existing control technology to carry out system initialization, can adjust the exposure time and the sampling period of the camera, automatically start to collect images, automatically shut down and store data, and automatically wash the lens and the ruler body. And processing the image data, and displaying the processed data in real time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the CCD camera 9, the light source, the automatic water spraying and flushing device 12, the FIFO memory, the microprocessor (in this embodiment, an ARM processor), and the communication chip may all be powered by a battery, and an IP 68-level waterproof device is used.
The monitoring points are distributed on a straight line at the top and the bottom of the tunnel 13, and the straight line is axially vertical to the tunnel 13.
A method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting odd monitoring points at the bottom of the top of the tunnel 13, and building the underwater settlement and deformation monitoring system, wherein the numbers of the monitoring points are 1, 2 … i … n, and the number 1 and the number n (5 in the embodiment) are reference points which are far away from the excavation site of the tunnel 13 and are stable and do not generate settlement and deformation,
step 2, immediately acquiring data once after the water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system is built, and recording the reading of a pointer 7 on a graduated scale 8 of each monitoring point except the No. 1 as an initial value of settlement;
step 3, sampling once every a period of time in the monitoring process, and recording the change value delta of the pointer 7 on the graduated scale 8 of the point iiThe movement changes of the pointer on the scale are respectively marked as positive and negative values, for example, the upward movement of the pointer relative to the initial value is marked as a positive value, the downward movement is marked as a negative value, and the settlement value of any one measuring point k is marked as
Figure BDA0002765411280000041
k≥2。
In the monitoring process, the automatic water spraying and flushing device 12 is started regularly to spray water to the graduated scale 8 and the pointer 7 for flushing so as to keep the definition of the shot pictures of the CCD camera 9.
The method for setting the monitoring points in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, when the tunnel 13 is tunneled into an underwater area, firstly, the tunneling direction of the tunnel 13 is determined, a virtual surface (a-a 'section) is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction of the tunnel 13, the virtual surface intersects with the water bottom to obtain a line which is a monitoring line, the line a-a' in fig. 4 is provided, a plurality of monitoring points are uniformly divided on the monitoring line according to the length size of the monitoring points, wherein the first two monitoring points are reference points far away from the tunneling area of the tunnel 13, and the measuring points are arranged between the first two reference points and the last two reference points, as shown in fig. 5, the reference points are reference point 1, measuring point 2, measuring point 3, measuring point 4 and reference point.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present invention is only one of the embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a deformation monitoring system is subsided at bottom of tunnel tunnelling in-process which characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring data acquisition layer, a data communication storage layer and a user presentation layer, wherein the monitoring data acquisition layer is used as a data support source of the system and is mainly responsible for acquiring field data and transmitting the data to the data communication storage layer in a wireless manner; the data communication storage layer comprises a communication controller and a database serving as a cloud server; the user presentation layer adopts a server or a mobile terminal and is used for inquiring, analyzing and processing data, and comprises a data inquiry module, a table inquiry module, a working condition inquiry module, a data analysis module and an alarm statistic module.
2. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring data acquisition layer comprises a settlement monitoring device, a data acquisition module, an FIFO memory, a microprocessor and a communication chip, wherein the data acquisition module acquires monitoring data of the settlement monitoring device, temporarily stores the monitoring data through the FIFO memory, and transmits wireless communication data with the data communication storage layer through the microprocessor and the communication chip.
3. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to claim 2, wherein: the settlement monitoring device comprises a rigid rod, a CCD camera, a graduated scale and a plurality of cement piles, wherein the cement piles are distributed on a plurality of monitoring points, the rigid rod is arranged between every two cement piles, one end of the rigid rod is fixed on one cement pile, the other end of the rigid rod is a free end, the free end is provided with a pointer and the CCD camera, the graduated scale which is installed in the vertical direction is arranged on the other cement pile opposite to the free end, the CCD camera on the free end is used for shooting scales of the pointer on the graduated scale on the other cement pile, and the installation directions of the rigid rods between the cement piles are the same.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the underwater settlement deformation monitoring system comprises: the free end of each rigid rod is provided with a light source for supplementing light to the CCD camera.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the underwater settlement deformation monitoring system comprises: and the cement piles around the graduated scale are provided with water spraying and washing devices for spraying water to the cement piles.
6. The system for monitoring underwater settlement deformation during tunneling according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the monitoring points are distributed on a straight line at the bottom of the top of the tunnel, and the straight line is vertical to the axial direction of the tunnel.
7. A method for monitoring underwater settlement deformation in a tunneling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, setting odd monitoring points at the bottom of the top of the tunnel, building a water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system described in the right 6, marking the number of the monitoring points as 1, 2 … i … n, taking the number 1 and the number n as datum points, taking the number 2 to n-1 as measuring points, and acquiring data once immediately after building the water bottom settlement deformation monitoring system, and recording the reading of a pointer on a graduated scale of each monitoring point except the number 1 as an initial value of settlement;
step 3, sampling once every a period of time in the monitoring process, and recording the change value delta of the pointer on the graduated scale of the point iiThe movement changes of the pointer up and down the graduated scale are respectively recorded as positive and negative values, and the settlement value of any measuring point k is
Figure FDA0002765411270000011
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for setting the monitoring points in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
when the tunnel is excavated into an underwater area, a monitoring line is selected along the direction vertical to the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of monitoring points are uniformly divided on the monitoring line according to the length and the size of the monitoring line, wherein the head and the tail of the monitoring points are reference points which are far away from the tunneling area and are not influenced by tunnel mining, and measuring points are arranged between the head and the tail of the monitoring points.
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CN117782012A (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 深圳市特区铁工建设集团有限公司 Early warning system for settlement of primary support arch top of ultra-large section complex geological tunnel

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CN114279404A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-04-05 浙江大学 Tunnel settlement wireless monitoring method based on camera series network
CN117782012A (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 深圳市特区铁工建设集团有限公司 Early warning system for settlement of primary support arch top of ultra-large section complex geological tunnel
CN117782012B (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-05-03 深圳市特区铁工建设集团有限公司 Early warning system for settlement of primary support arch top of ultra-large section complex geological tunnel

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