CN112303638A - Multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system - Google Patents
Multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112303638A CN112303638A CN202011251300.9A CN202011251300A CN112303638A CN 112303638 A CN112303638 A CN 112303638A CN 202011251300 A CN202011251300 A CN 202011251300A CN 112303638 A CN112303638 A CN 112303638A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system, which comprises a first incineration device, a dust removal device, a second incineration device, a heat recovery device and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a flue, wherein the flue between the heat recovery device and the chimney is connected with a return main pipe, and the return main pipe is branched into a first return branch pipe communicated with the first incineration device and a second return branch pipe communicated with the second incineration device;wherein the incineration temperature of the first incineration device is kept at 650-3. The invention has simple structure, low pollution and high energy efficiency, strictly controls the incineration temperature and the smoke components at all levels through multi-level incineration, and realizes the clean combustion of the garbage fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of clean combustion devices, in particular to a multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system.
Background
At present, garbage fuel, sludge fuel and biomass fuel usually adopt a single-stage or two-stage combustion system. The single-stage combustion system is the mainstream equipment for burning current garbage, sludge fuels and biomass fuels, mainly comprises a grate furnace and a fluidized bed boiler, and has the following main problems that 1) when the heat value of the fuel changes greatly, the temperature of a hearth outlet changes greatly, when the temperature of the hearth outlet is too high, coking faults are easy to occur, when the temperature of the hearth outlet is too low, the combustion efficiency is low, and the requirement of high-temperature decomposition of dioxin at 850 ℃ is not easy to meet; 2) the combustion pollutants are mainly treated after combustion, and the adopted special equipment has high manufacturing cost, low efficiency and high operation cost; the burning rate of the bottom slag of the grate furnace is high or exceeds the standard due to high-temperature coking and sandwiching; the grate furnace and the fluidized bed boiler respectively generate dangerous waste fly ash with the total amount of garbage of about 5 percent and 15 percent, and the secondary treatment difficulty is high and the cost is huge; 3) the post-treatment equipment for dioxin in the flue gas has unstable effect, high cost and serious pollution. The two-stage combustion system generally uses various gasification incinerators, which are mostly composed of a pyrolysis gasification combustion device and a secondary afterburning device, and has the main problems of 1) low fuel burn-out rate and low combustion efficiency: the burning principle fundamentally causes the burning rate reduction of the bottom slag to be very high, and even the bottom slag generates pungent toxic odor due to incomplete burning; 2) the local high-temperature coking fault rate of the gasification section of the grate-fired furnace is particularly high; 3) the requirement of low wind speed during gasification leads to small total wind quantity during combustion, thereby leading to generally small equipment incineration quantity and difficult equipment upsizing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system without combustion supporting, high efficiency and harmlessness, which can adopt the following technical scheme:
the multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system comprises a first incineration device, a dust removal device, a second incineration device, a heat recovery device and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a flue, wherein the flue between the heat recovery device and the chimney is connected with a return main pipe, and the return main pipe is branched into a first return branch pipe and a second return branch pipe which are respectively communicated with the first incineration device and the second incineration device; wherein the incineration temperature of the first incineration device is kept at 650-The gas temperature is kept at 900-1300 ℃, and the dust content of the gas at the outlet of the dust removal device is less than 10mg/Nm3。
A primary incineration air chamber, a primary incineration chamber, a secondary incineration chamber and a tertiary incineration chamber are sequentially arranged in the first incineration device from bottom to top, the top of the tertiary incineration chamber is connected with a fuel seal feeder, a grate is arranged between the primary incineration air chamber and the primary incineration chamber, and the grate is connected with a slag discharge device extending to the outer side of the first incineration device; the three-level incineration chamber is correspondingly provided with a three-level incineration air inlet pipe, the two-level incineration chamber is correspondingly provided with a two-level incineration air inlet pipe, and the one-level incineration air chamber is correspondingly provided with a one-level incineration air inlet pipe connected with the first return branch pipe.
And cooling heat exchangers are arranged in the primary incineration chamber, the secondary incineration chamber and the tertiary incineration chamber.
The lower part of the fire grate is connected with the slag discharge device.
The second incineration device comprises a four-stage incineration chamber, a five-stage incineration chamber and a six-stage incineration chamber which are sequentially arranged, wherein the four-stage incineration chamber is provided with a four-stage incineration air inlet pipe, the five-stage incineration chamber is provided with a five-stage incineration air inlet pipe, and the six-stage incineration chamber is provided with a six-stage incineration air inlet pipe; and the second return branch pipe is respectively communicated with the four-level incineration air inlet pipe, the five-level incineration air inlet pipe and the six-level incineration air inlet pipe.
The dust removal device comprises a primary dust remover and a secondary dust remover.
The secondary dust remover comprises
The top cover is provided with a top surface and a lower end surface, and the center of the top surface is provided with an air inlet;
the cylinder body is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the lower end of the top cover, and the cylinder body is provided with an exhaust port;
the bearing plate is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body close to the second end and is provided with an ash passing hole in the center;
the top of the ash collecting hopper is connected with the second end of the cylinder body, and the bottom of the ash collecting hopper is provided with an ash discharging port;
the filter cylinder comprises a horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter element, the filter cylinder is arranged in the cylinder body, the top of the filter cylinder is connected with the top surface of the top cover, the bottom of the filter cylinder is connected with the bearing plate, the air inlet and the ash passing port are both positioned on the inner side of the filter cylinder, and the air outlet is positioned on the outer side of the filter cylinder;
a gas tank disposed on the top cover;
the back flushing pipe is communicated with the gas tank and is provided with an electromagnetic valve and a blowing nozzle which is positioned on the inner side of the cylinder body and is opposite to the filter cylinder;
the differential pressure gauge is arranged on the filter cylinder;
the signal output end of the differential pressure meter is electrically connected with the signal input end of the control system, and the output control end of the control system is electrically connected with the input control end of the electromagnetic valve.
The horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements are uniformly arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the filter cartridge, each group of horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements are vertically stacked, and the length of each group of horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements along the airflow direction is the same as the thickness of the filter cartridge.
And a front-end heat regenerator is arranged between the primary dust remover and the secondary dust remover.
The heat recovery device comprises a terminal heat regenerator, a waste heat boiler and a low-temperature heat regenerator which are sequentially arranged.
The multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low pollution and high energy efficiency, the multi-stage combustion strictly controls the incineration temperature and the smoke components at each stage, the two-stage high-temperature smoke dust removal and the ash high-temperature discharge at the front end prevent the ash from adsorbing dioxin or other harmful components to become hazardous waste fly ash, the surface regeneration of the low-temperature fly ash of the dioxin at the rear part is purified and blocked, the rear combustion temperature of 900 plus 1300 ℃ meets the requirement of complete decomposition of the dioxin at high temperature and controls the generation of thermal NOx, and the combustion control of the dioxin is realized; the multistage combustion satisfies the combustion denitration reaction that fuel type nitrogen is maximally reduced to N2 in the incineration, also satisfies the control of thermal NOx generation, realizes combustion control denitration, and finally realizes the clean combustion of garbage fuel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following specific advantages:
(1) simple structure, manufacturing installation low in operating cost: almost all the equipment is heat-insulating pressureless common equipment made of common iron and steel materials and common fireproof heat-insulating materials; the method is suitable for garbage or similar fuels which are subjected to simplest coarse crushing and magnetic separation in a 250mm grade; compared with the huge treatment cost of the hazardous waste fly ash of other waste incineration power plants, the treatment cost of the hazardous waste fly ash is not high; during operation, fuel nitrogen combustion control self-reduction is adopted, and an SCR or SNCR denitration agent is not needed; the post-treatment of dioxin is not required to be carried out by adopting activated carbon powder and a bag-type dust collector; more than 85% of desulfurization is completed by using the cheapest limestone;
(2) clean combustion and low pollution emission: when only multi-stage combustion control is carried out, the emission value of dioxin in the discharged flue gas is less than 0.1ngTEQ/Nm under the condition of not using an activated carbon adsorption device3(ii) a No hazardous waste fly ash is generated, and only recyclable harmless solid waste ash is generated; the front-end two-stage dust removal, in particular to the minimum value of the concentration of the dust in the discharged flue gas after the two-stage ceramic filtration dust removal is 1mg/Nm 3; NOx emission is less than 80mg/Nm without the use of a denitration agent and a denitration device3(ii) a The first incineration device operates at 700-800 ℃ at ultralow temperature and adopts limestone powder dry desulfurization rate higher than 85%;
(3) the combustion efficiency is high: a special heat-insulating large hearth boiling incineration mode is adopted to verify that the slag incineration rate is less than 0.5%, the ash incineration rate is 0-0%, and the combustible combustion efficiency is higher than 98%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the secondary precipitator of FIG. 1.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cartridge of figure 2.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a multi-stage fuel control deviceThe clean combustion system adopts a six-level air combustion mode according to fuel components and heat value, and comprises a first incineration device, a dust removal device, a second incineration device, a heat recovery device and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a flue, wherein the flue between the heat recovery device and the chimney is connected with a return main pipe, and the return main pipe is branched into a first return branch pipe communicated with the first incineration device and a second return branch pipe communicated with the second incineration device; wherein, a primary incineration chamber, a secondary incineration chamber and a tertiary incineration chamber are arranged in the first incineration device, and the incineration temperature is kept at 650-1000 ℃; the second incineration device comprises a four-stage incineration chamber, a five-stage incineration chamber and a six-stage incineration chamber, the temperature of the outlet gas of the six-stage incineration chamber is kept at 900-3The range of (1). The combustion at each level of the six-level combustion control clean combustion system is comprehensively controlled according to the requirement of incineration temperature, the pollutant generation and discharge mechanism and the fly ash formation hazardous waste mechanism and condition, so that various combustion problems and pollutant generation and discharge problems of garbage fuels, sludge fuels and biomass fuels in a single-level or two-level combustion system can be solved, and high-efficiency combustion is realized on the basis of equipment simplification, large single-machine incineration amount and wide fuel adaptation; except that HCl and a small part of SOx need tail treatment, other pollutants and most of SOx can be discharged at ultra-low standard through combustion control; the main pollutants of the garbage fuel, namely dioxin and NOx, can be directly discharged up to the standard by combustion control, and no hazardous waste fly ash is generated after multi-stage combustion control.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, a fuel sealing feeder 1.1 is installed on the outer side of the casing of the first incineration device 1 near the upper portion, a fire grate 1.2 is installed on the inner portion of the furnace chamber near the bottom portion, a first-stage incineration chamber 1.3, a second-stage incineration chamber 1.4 and a third-stage incineration chamber 1.5 are sequentially arranged on the upper portion of the fire grate 1.2, a second-stage incineration air inlet pipe is correspondingly installed on the casing near the second-stage incineration chamber 1.4, and a third-stage incineration air inlet pipe is correspondingly installed on the casing near the third-stage incineration chamber 1.5. The lower part of the grate 1.2 is provided with a primary incineration air chamber 1.7, and a primary incineration air inlet pipe is correspondingly arranged on the shell near the primary incineration air chamber 1.7; the lower part of the grate 1.2 is connected with a slag discharging device 1.8 which extends to the outer side of the first incineration device 1 through a primary incineration air chamber 1.7.
For high-calorific-value or ultrahigh-calorific-value fuel, in order to prevent the fuel from being overhigh in temperature in the multi-stage combustion process, cooling heat exchangers 1.6 can be arranged in a primary incineration chamber 1.3, a secondary incineration chamber 1.4 and a tertiary incineration chamber 1.5 according to actual conditions, and the flue gas in the furnace is cooled through heat exchange media; furthermore, a first return branch pipe 12.1 can be communicated with a primary incineration air inlet pipe and is used for introducing low-temperature, low-oxygen and low-dust-content purified tail gas into the primary incineration chamber 1.3 before the system is exhausted, so that the combustion temperature is reduced.
Above-mentioned first incineration device 1 is carrying out the during operation, the new trend can be followed one-level and burned wind import pipe, second grade and burned wind import pipe, tertiary level and burned wind import pipe and get into furnace, simultaneously, the low temperature backward flow flue gas that lets in from first backward flow branch 12.1 can be sneaked into one-level and burned wind import pipe and get into furnace together with the new trend, fuel then gets into the furnace of first incineration device 1 through sealed feeder 1.1, the in-process that falls is dried fast and is ignited by the high temperature flue gas that constantly rises under it. When the primary incineration chamber 1.3, the secondary incineration chamber 1.4 and the tertiary incineration chamber 1.5 are all in working states, primary incineration air enters the primary incineration chamber 1.3 through the grate 1.2 to be mixed with fuel, the fuel is completely combusted, slag is discharged from the bottom through the slag discharge device 1.8, incompletely combusted smoke directly enters the secondary incineration chamber 1.4 to perform secondary incineration reaction with the secondary incineration air, and the incompletely combusted smoke generated by the secondary incineration chamber directly enters the tertiary incineration chamber 1.5 to perform tertiary incineration reaction with the tertiary incineration air. The secondary incineration reaction and the tertiary incineration reaction are mainly used for the uneven adjustment of the combustion temperature caused by the change of the fuel calorific value, and simultaneously bear the combustion control of the nitrogen conversion N2 of the ultra-low calorific value fuel. Generally, the incineration temperatures of the various stages in the first incineration device 1 are kept at 650-1000 ℃ depending on the fuel requirements.
And the flue gas discharged from the third-stage incineration chamber 1.5 needs to be dedusted and then enters the second incineration device. The dust removal device adopts two-stage dust removal, wherein the primary dust remover 2 adopts coarse separation equipment such as a cyclone separator and the like and is used for filtering most of smoke dust; the secondary dust remover 4 adopts a high-efficiency filter dust remover as shown in figures 2 and 3. When necessary, a front end heat regenerator 3 is arranged on the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4 so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the secondary dust remover 4 and preventing the high-temperature damage of the secondary dust remover. In order to avoid the pollution of the environment caused by the attachment of dioxin to the solid waste fly ash discharged by the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4, the outlet temperatures of the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4 are controlled to be more than 600 ℃.
The secondary dust remover 4 comprises a shell installed on a bottom support, the shell comprises a top cover 4.1, a barrel body 4.2 and a dust collecting hopper 4.3, wherein an air inlet a positioned at the center is formed in the arched top surface of the top cover 1, a concave mounting groove b is formed around the periphery of the air inlet a, and an annular air tank 7 is embedded and installed in the mounting groove b. The lower extreme of top cap links to each other with stack shell 4.2 top (being first end), and gas vent c has been seted up to stack shell 4.2 side, and stack shell 4.2 bottom (being the second end) links to each other with ash collecting bucket 4.3, and access hole d has been seted up to ash collecting bucket's side, and the bottom is provided with ash discharge hole e, and this ash discharge hole links to each other with ash discharging device. A bearing plate 4.4 is arranged at the inner side of the cylinder body 4.2 close to the bottom, and an ash passing port f which is concentric with the air inlet a is arranged on the bearing plate 4.4. The inner walls of the top cover 4.1, the barrel body 4.2 and the ash collecting hopper 4.3 and the surface of the bearing plate 4.4 are all provided with a fireproof heat-insulating layer made of materials such as refractory bricks, and the cavity in the bearing plate 4.4 is cooled by a cooling medium so as to improve the use economy, reliability and service life of the equipment under the high-temperature working condition. A filter cartridge 4.5 is arranged between the bearing plate 4.4 and the top cover 4.1 of the bottom surface of the air tank 4.7, the filter cartridge 4.5 is positioned in the cylinder body 4.2, and the bearing plate and the air tank are concentric cylinders which can bear higher smoke pressure compared with a square structural component; the top of the filter cylinder 4.5 is connected with the bottom surface of the upper and lower concave mounting groove b of the top cover 4.1 in a sealing way, the bottom is connected with the bearing plate 4.4 in a sealing way, in order to achieve the purpose of filtering, the air inlet a and the ash passing port f are positioned at the inner side of the filter cylinder 4.5, the air outlet c is positioned at the outer side of the filter cylinder 4.5, furthermore, in order to avoid the ash deposition of the bearing plate 4.4, the ash passing port f is of a circular structure, and the outer diameter of the ash passing port f is matched with the inner diameter of the filter cylinder 4.. The filter cartridges 4.5 are constructed by sealing and building horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter elements 4.6 in the refractory brick walls, as shown in fig. 3, the horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter elements 4.6 are uniformly arranged in groups along the circumferential direction of the filter cartridges 4.5, each group of horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter elements 4.6 are vertically stacked, and the length of each group of horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter elements 4.6 along the airflow direction is the same as the thickness of the filter cartridges 4.5. Under the high-temperature working condition, the compressive strength of the wall-flow honeycomb filter element is far higher than the tensile strength (generally 30 times), so that by adopting the horizontal masonry method, the wall-flow honeycomb filter element only needs to bear small pressure among the filter elements during working without any directional tensile force, thereby having the capability of working under the high-temperature condition and simultaneously keeping the ultrahigh dust removal efficiency of the honeycomb filter element. Compared with a candle type honeycomb metal or candle type honeycomb ceramic filter type dust remover with the same capacity, the volume of the dust remover is reduced by more than 5 times, and a large amount of equipment investment cost and equipment occupation space are saved; thirdly, the requirement of increasing the smoke treatment capacity can be conveniently realized by heightening the heights of the filter cylinder 4.5 and the cylinder body 4.2.
In order to prevent the filter cartridge 4.5 from accumulating dust and influencing the normal circulation of smoke, an electronic differential pressure gauge is installed on the filter cartridge 4.5, secondly, a plurality of blowback pipes 4.8 are communicated on a gas tank 4.7 positioned in a downward concave mounting groove b of the top cover 1, each blowback pipe 4.8 extends to the inner side of the cartridge body 4.2 and is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the cartridge body 4.2, a blowoff nozzle 4.9 which is just opposite to the filter cartridge 4.5 is installed on the blowback pipe 4.8 in the cartridge body 4.2, and a pulse electromagnetic valve 4.10 is installed on the part of the blowback pipe 4.8 outside the cartridge body 4.2. The electrical signal output end of the differential pressure gauge is electrically connected with the electrical signal input end of the control system, and the output control end of the control system is electrically connected with the input control end of the pulse electromagnetic valve 4.10. When the detection value of the electronic differential pressure gauge exceeds the preset value, the pulse electromagnetic valve 4.10 is opened, so that the compressed air in the air tank 4.7 purges the accumulated dust on the filter cartridge 4.5 through the air blowing nozzle 4.9. Or, according to the actual situation, the bypass valve connected with the two ends of the pulse electromagnetic valve 4.10 is automatically operated at regular time to purge the filter cartridge 4.5.
During operation, the ultra-high temperature dust-containing flue gas enters the dust-containing flue from the air inlet a of the top cover 4.1 (namely the inner side of the filter cartridge 4.5), passes through the filter cartridge 4.5 from inside to outside under the action of certain flue gas pressure, and passes through the filter cartridge 45, the contained soot particles are separated from the gas, one part of the soot particles falls to the soot collecting hopper 4.3 along the filter cartridge 4.5 and enters the soot discharging device through the soot discharging port e to enter the next process, the other part of the soot particles is gathered on the filter cartridge 4.5, when the soot deposition causes the pressure difference of the flue gas inside and outside the filter cartridge 4.5 to be increased to a certain degree, the compressed air in the filter cartridge 4.7 reversely sweeps the filter cartridge 4.5 through the blowback pipe 4.8 via the pulse solenoid valve 4.10 and the blowing nozzle 4.9, and the soot is dropped into the lower soot collecting hopper 4.3 from the inner side wall surface of the filter cartridge 4.5. For the purified flue gas (the dust content is less than 10 mg/Nm) after the smoke dust separation3) And then the waste gas is discharged out of the exhaust port c of the cylinder body 4.2 after reaching the standard.
Above-mentioned second incinerator is including the level four incineration chamber 5, the five-level incineration chamber 6, the six-level incineration chamber 7 that connect gradually, wherein, level four incineration air import pipe is installed to level four incineration chamber 5, and level five incineration air import pipe is installed to the five-level incineration chamber 6, and six incineration air import pipes are installed to the six-level incineration chamber 7, and all are connected with second return branch 12.2 on level four incineration air import pipe, five incineration air import pipe and the six incineration air import pipe. Unburnt components in the flue gas can be mixed with fresh air and low-temperature return flue gas in each incineration chamber to carry out incineration reaction again. The combustion denitration reaction that fuel nitrogen is maximally reduced into N2 in the incineration of different nitrogen-containing fuels is realized by adjusting the air volume of fresh air and low-temperature backflow flue gas of each stage of incineration chamber, and the complete combustion of the flue gas is completed. In general, the outlet flue gas temperature of the six-stage incineration chamber 7 should reach 900-.
Then, the high-temperature clean flue gas enters a heat recovery device consisting of a terminal heat regenerator 8, a waste heat boiler 9 and a low-temperature heat regenerator 10 to be gradually cooled to below 190 ℃, and then is exhausted through a chimney 11. The cooling mediums of the front end regenerator 3, the terminal regenerator 8 and the low-temperature regenerator 10 are all cold air. The first return branch pipe 12.1 and the second return branch pipe 12.2 are both communicated with a return header pipe 12, and the return header pipe 12 is led out from a flue between the low-temperature regenerator 10 and the chimney 11.
The invention meets the requirement that the combustion temperature of ultra-low heat value fuel (such as sludge fuel containing about 65 percent of water) is higher than 850 ℃ by taking measures of pre-drying at high temperature of the first incineration device 1, increasing the temperature of cold air for combustion to about 650 ℃ at most by each heat regenerator and the like, meets the requirement that the combustion temperature of the fuel is higher than the ultra-low heat value combustion temperature by adjusting the air distribution ratio of each grade of combustion share ratio, controls the operation temperature of the first incineration device 1 by arranging a cooling heat exchanger for heat exchange 1.6 and introducing backflow flue gas into the first incineration reaction chamber 1.3, and controls the operation temperature of equipment by introducing the backflow flue gas into the fourth incineration reaction chamber 5, the fifth incineration chamber 6 and the sixth incineration chamber 7, thereby meeting the normal temperature requirement of the ultra-high heat value combustion. Therefore, the invention has the variation range of the applicable combustion fuel calorific value of 3.6-23MJ (850-5500 KCal/Kg). Secondly, the invention purifies the flue gas at the inlets of the four-stage incineration chamber 5, the five-stage incineration chamber 6 and the six-stage incineration chamber 7 through the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4 which are positioned in the middle of the multi-stage combustion system, realizes the dust-free clean high-temperature combustion of the four-stage incineration, the five-stage incineration and the six-stage incineration, avoids the regeneration of dioxin caused by fly ash after the flue gas of the waste heat boiler 9 is cooled, and realizes the combustion control of the dioxin. The fly ash filtered by the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4 is discharged at the temperature of over 600 ℃ and is higher than the ash desorption temperature of dioxin, so the fly ash is general solid waste fly ash without dioxin or other harmful pollutants, and clean combustion of fuel is realized.
The solid wastes at the outlets of the primary dust remover 2 and the secondary dust remover 4 of the invention are detected to obtain the detection results shown in the table 1:
table 1:
it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms of orientation or positional relationship such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a clean combustion system of multistage burning accuse which characterized in that: the device comprises a first incineration device, a dust removal device, a second incineration device, a heat recovery device and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a flue, wherein the flue between the heat recovery device and the chimney is connected with a return main pipe, and the return main pipe is branched into a first return branch pipe and a second return branch pipe which are respectively communicated with the first incineration device and the second incineration device; wherein the incineration temperature of the first incineration device is kept at 650-3。
2. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 1, wherein: a primary incineration air chamber, a primary incineration chamber, a secondary incineration chamber and a tertiary incineration chamber are sequentially arranged in the first incineration device from bottom to top, the top of the tertiary incineration chamber is connected with a fuel seal feeder, a grate is arranged between the primary incineration air chamber and the primary incineration chamber, and the grate is connected with a slag discharge device extending to the outer side of the first incineration device; the three-level incineration chamber is correspondingly provided with a three-level incineration air inlet pipe, the two-level incineration chamber is correspondingly provided with a two-level incineration air inlet pipe, and the one-level incineration air chamber is correspondingly provided with a one-level incineration air inlet pipe connected with the first return branch pipe.
3. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 2, wherein: and cooling heat exchangers are arranged in the primary incineration chamber, the secondary incineration chamber and the tertiary incineration chamber.
4. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 2, wherein: the lower part of the fire grate is connected with the slag discharge device.
5. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the second incineration device comprises a four-stage incineration chamber, a five-stage incineration chamber and a six-stage incineration chamber which are sequentially arranged, wherein the four-stage incineration chamber is provided with a four-stage incineration air inlet pipe, the five-stage incineration chamber is provided with a five-stage incineration air inlet pipe, and the six-stage incineration chamber is provided with a six-stage incineration air inlet pipe; and the second return branch pipe is respectively communicated with the four-level incineration air inlet pipe, the five-level incineration air inlet pipe and the six-level incineration air inlet pipe.
6. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the dust removal device comprises a primary dust remover and a secondary dust remover.
7. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 6, wherein: the secondary dust remover comprises
The top cover is provided with a top surface and a lower end surface, and the center of the top surface is provided with an air inlet;
the cylinder body is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the lower end of the top cover, and the cylinder body is provided with an exhaust port;
the bearing plate is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body close to the second end and is provided with an ash passing hole in the center;
the top of the ash collecting hopper is connected with the second end of the cylinder body, and the bottom of the ash collecting hopper is provided with an ash discharging port;
the filter cylinder comprises a horizontal wall-flow honeycomb filter element, the filter cylinder is arranged in the cylinder body, the top of the filter cylinder is connected with the top surface of the top cover, the bottom of the filter cylinder is connected with the bearing plate, the air inlet and the ash passing port are both positioned on the inner side of the filter cylinder, and the air outlet is positioned on the outer side of the filter cylinder;
a gas tank disposed on the top cover;
the back flushing pipe is communicated with the gas tank and is provided with an electromagnetic valve and a blowing nozzle which is positioned on the inner side of the cylinder body and is opposite to the filter cylinder;
the differential pressure gauge is arranged on the filter cylinder;
the signal output end of the differential pressure meter is electrically connected with the signal input end of the control system, and the output control end of the control system is electrically connected with the input control end of the electromagnetic valve.
8. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 7, wherein: the horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements are uniformly arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the filter cartridge, each group of horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements are vertically stacked, and the length of each group of horizontal wall flow honeycomb filter elements along the airflow direction is the same as the thickness of the filter cartridge.
9. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 6, wherein: and a front-end heat regenerator is arranged between the primary dust remover and the secondary dust remover.
10. The multi-stage fuel-controlled clean combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the heat recovery device comprises a terminal heat regenerator, a waste heat boiler and a low-temperature heat regenerator which are sequentially arranged.
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| CN202011251300.9A CN112303638A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system |
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| CN202011251300.9A CN112303638A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Multi-stage combustion control clean combustion system |
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| CN116839039A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-03 | 蓝途金汇(北京)环保科技有限公司 | Modular assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization |
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Application publication date: 20210202 |