CN116839039B - Modular assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization - Google Patents
Modular assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN116839039B CN116839039B CN202310759411.8A CN202310759411A CN116839039B CN 116839039 B CN116839039 B CN 116839039B CN 202310759411 A CN202310759411 A CN 202310759411A CN 116839039 B CN116839039 B CN 116839039B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to modularized assembly equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization, which comprises a vertical garbage incinerator and a waste heat boiler connected with the vertical garbage incinerator; the top of the waste heat boiler is provided with an inlet flue with a corresponding position, and a flue gas outlet of the vertical garbage incinerator is connected with the inlet flue; the device also comprises a first separation module arranged outside the incinerator body, wherein an air inlet of the first separation module is communicated with the flue gas outlet, and an air outlet of the first separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler; the waste heat boiler comprises a high-temperature utilization module and a low-temperature utilization module, the inlet flue is communicated with the high-temperature utilization module, the top of the boiler body is also provided with a bypass inlet flue with a corresponding position, and the bypass inlet flue is also connected with the flue gas outlet; the downstream of the first separation module is also provided with a second separation module, a second air inlet of the second separation module is communicated with the flue gas outlet, and a second air outlet of the second separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to modularized assembly type equipment for waste incineration treatment and energy utilization.
Background
With the acceleration of urban construction and the steady improvement of the living standard of people, the quantity of urban garbage is continuously increased, and the problems of environmental pollution, resource waste, disease breeding and the like are accompanied with the treatment of garbage, so that the pursuit of people on good life is influenced.
The incineration method is a process of mixing and combusting an organic combustible part in garbage with oxygen to generate inorganic products. In the process, the moisture in the garbage is basically removed, so that the garbage volume is greatly reduced, microbial parasitism can be well prevented, and some harmful fermentation processes are avoided. Meanwhile, a large amount of heat generated in the incineration process can be used for the gas turbine to burn water for power generation after passing through the waste heat boiler, so that the heat recovery in the garbage is realized. Therefore, the incineration method has obvious advantages in the aspects of realizing harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of garbage.
The ideal temperature value of the flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator of the traditional garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization modularized assembly type equipment is 800-850 ℃, the temperature is attenuated after particles are removed through a cyclone separator, the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet side of the waste heat boiler is 600-650 ℃, namely, the design parameters of the heat energy utilization module of the waste heat boiler are matched with 600-650 ℃.
However, in actual working conditions, although the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator is stabilized at 800-850 ℃ for most of the time, the temperature is sometimes lower, so that the flue gas temperature at the inlet side of the waste heat boiler is not matched with the design parameters of the heat energy utilization module of the waste heat boiler, and the energy utilization efficiency is affected.
Therefore, there is a need for a modular equipment for garbage disposal and energy utilization that solves the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides modularized assembly equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization, which comprises a vertical garbage incinerator and a waste heat boiler connected with the vertical garbage incinerator;
the waste heat boiler comprises a boiler body which is integrally cylindrical, the top of the boiler body is provided with an inlet flue with a corresponding position, and a flue gas outlet of the vertical garbage incinerator is connected with the inlet flue;
the modularized assembled equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization further comprises a first separation module arranged outside the incinerator body, wherein an air inlet of the first separation module is communicated with a flue gas outlet, and an air outlet of the first separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler;
the waste heat boiler is characterized by comprising a high-temperature utilization module and a low-temperature utilization module, wherein an inlet flue is communicated with the high-temperature utilization module, a bypass inlet flue with a corresponding position is further arranged at the top of the boiler body, and the bypass inlet flue is also connected with a flue gas outlet;
the downstream of the first separation module is also provided with a second separation module, a second air inlet of the second separation module is communicated with the flue gas outlet, and a second air outlet of the second separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler;
the main pipeline is also provided with a smoke particle detection device, and the smoke particle detection device is positioned at the air outlet of the first separation module;
the main pipeline is also provided with a flue gas diversion chamber and a third stop valve, and the third stop valve is positioned at a first outlet of the flue gas diversion chamber;
the main pipeline is also branched at the second outlet of the flue gas branching chamber, and a fourth stop valve is arranged on the third branched pipeline.
Further, the air outlet of the first separation module is communicated with the inlet flue of the waste heat boiler through a main pipeline, and a temperature detection device is arranged on the main pipeline;
the main pipeline is provided with a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline, the first branch pipeline is communicated with the inlet flue, and the second branch pipeline is communicated with the bypass inlet flue;
the first branch pipeline is provided with a first stop valve, and the second branch pipeline is provided with a second stop valve.
Further, the high-temperature utilization module comprises a superheater and a high-temperature evaporator, and an ash bucket is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module;
the low-temperature utilization module comprises a low-temperature evaporator and an economizer;
the joint part of the high-temperature utilization module and the low-temperature utilization module is provided with a one-way flashboard, the tail part of the low-temperature utilization module is provided with an outlet flue, and a boiler barrel is arranged outside the boiler body for steam-water separation.
Further, a bead scattering element is arranged at the top of the high-temperature utilization module, a bead collecting element is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module, and a bead lifting element is arranged at the side face of the high-temperature utilization module;
a soot blower is arranged in the low-temperature utilization module.
Further, the second air outlet of the second separation module is communicated with the second branch pipeline through a fourth branch pipeline.
Further, in the initial state, the third stop valve is opened, and the fourth stop valve is closed;
when the smoke particle detection device detects that the concentration of smoke dust discharged by the first separation module is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value P, the third stop valve and the fourth stop valve maintain an initial state;
when the smoke particle detection device detects that the concentration of smoke dust discharged by the first separation module is larger than a preset threshold value P, the third stop valve is automatically closed, and the fourth stop valve is automatically opened.
Further, an ash detection device is further arranged in the ash bucket of the high-temperature utilization module so as to detect the accumulated ash quantity in a certain time in the ash bucket.
Further, when the accumulated ash amount measured by the ash detection device for n times continuously does not exceed a specified threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to be P+Deltap, and monitoring is continued based on the adjusted threshold value P+Deltap;
when the accumulated ash amount measured by the ash detecting device 1 times exceeds a prescribed threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to P-Deltap, and monitoring is continued based on the adjusted threshold value P-Deltap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. when the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator is in a standard temperature range, high-temperature flue gas enters an inlet flue from a flue gas outlet and then enters a high-temperature utilization module; when the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator is lower than the standard temperature range, the low-temperature flue gas enters the bypass inlet flue through the flue gas outlet, and then enters the low-temperature utilization module, so that the grading utilization of heat energy is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
2. According to the modularized assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization, the joint part of the high-temperature utilization module and the low-temperature utilization module is provided with the one-way flashboard, the smoke exhausted by the high-temperature utilization module can enter the low-temperature utilization module, the heat energy of the smoke is further utilized, and the smoke is matched with the low-temperature smoke exhausted by the vertical garbage incinerator to directly enter the low-temperature utilization module, so that the energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved.
3. The invention fully considers the complexity of high-temperature flue gas generated by the garbage incinerator, considers the coupling of temperature fluctuation and fluctuation of dust quantity in the flue gas, and is provided with the two-stage separation module, and the two-stage separation module is matched with the high-temperature utilization module and the low-temperature utilization module which are arranged by the waste heat boiler, so that the negative influence of dust on the waste heat boiler can be removed to the greatest extent, and the multi-stage full utilization of heat energy can be realized.
4. According to the modularized assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization, when the accumulated ash quantity measured for 1 time by the ash detection device exceeds a specified threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to be P-delta P, so that the negative influence of dust on a waste heat boiler is removed to the greatest extent; and when the accumulated ash quantity measured by the ash detection device for n times continuously does not exceed a specified threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to be P+delta P, so that the smoke is accurately reduced to enter the waste heat boiler through the second separation module, and the maximum utilization of heat energy is realized.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a modular waste incineration disposal and energy utilization plant;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a modular, assembled apparatus for refuse incineration disposal and energy utilization;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a modular assembled device for refuse incineration and energy utilization;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a waste heat boiler;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a waste heat boiler.
In the drawing, the vertical garbage incinerator 100, the incinerator body 110, the flue gas outlet 120, the feed inlet 130, the waste heat boiler 200, the boiler body 210, the inlet flue 220, the high-temperature utilization module 230, the superheater 231, the high-temperature evaporator 232, the ash bucket 233, the bead scattering element 234, the bead collecting element 235, the bead lifting element 236, the low-temperature utilization module 240, the low-temperature evaporator 241, the economizer 242, the bypass inlet flue 250, the one-way shutter 260, the outlet flue 270, the boiler barrel 280, the first separation module 300, the gas inlet 310, the gas outlet 320, the slag discharge port 330, the main pipe 410, the third stop valve 411, the first branch pipe 420, the first stop valve 421, the second branch pipe 430, the second stop valve 431, the third branch pipe 440, the fourth stop valve 441, the fourth branch pipe 450, the temperature detection device 500, the second separation module 600, the second gas inlet 610, the second gas outlet 620, the second slag discharge port 630, the smoke particle detection device 700, and the flue gas diversion chamber 800.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided herein, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a modular equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization, comprising a vertical garbage incinerator 100 and a waste heat boiler 200 connected to the vertical garbage incinerator 100; the vertical garbage incinerator 100 comprises an incinerator body 110 which is integrally cylindrical, wherein the incinerator body 110 is made of refractory brick materials, and the side wall of the incinerator body is provided with a flue gas outlet 120 and a feed inlet 130 which are corresponding in position; the waste heat boiler 200 comprises a boiler body 210 which is integrally cylindrical, an inlet flue 220 corresponding to the position is arranged at the top of the boiler body, and the flue gas outlet 120 is connected with the inlet flue 220.
The modularized assembly type equipment for garbage incineration and energy utilization further comprises a first separation module 300 arranged outside the incinerator body 110, wherein an air inlet 310 of the first separation module 300 is communicated with the flue gas outlet 120, an air outlet 320 is communicated with the waste heat boiler 200, and a slag discharging port 330 at the bottom end of the first separation module 300 is communicated with a waste solid recovery end.
It will be appreciated that the flue gas outlet 120 of the vertical garbage incinerator 100 communicates with the air inlet 310 of the first separation module 300, and the air outlet 320 of the first separation module 300 communicates with the inlet flue 220 of the waste heat boiler 200.
The first separation module 300 of the present embodiment is a high-temperature cyclone separator, and has a function of removing large particles, and since the discharged slag is generally solid waste after the garbage is incinerated at a high temperature, the incineration device of the present embodiment and the waste heat boiler are separate single systems, so that the flue gas with large particles is separated by the first separation module 300 before entering the waste heat boiler, and the lower the content of the flue gas particles in the flue gas passing through the waste heat boiler 200, the lower the scouring and corrosion to the waste heat boiler 200.
It can be understood that the ideal temperature value of the flue gas discharged from the vertical garbage incinerator 100 of the conventional garbage incineration and energy utilization modular assembly type apparatus is 800-850 degrees, the temperature is attenuated after particles are removed by the first separation module 300, the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet side of the waste heat boiler 200 is 600-650 degrees, i.e., the design parameters of the heat energy utilization module of the waste heat boiler 200 are matched with 600-650 degrees.
However, in actual working conditions, although the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is stabilized at 800-850 degrees for most of the time, the temperature is sometimes low, so that the flue gas temperature at the inlet side of the waste heat boiler 200 is not matched with the design parameters of the heat energy utilization module of the waste heat boiler 200, and the energy utilization efficiency is affected.
In order to eliminate the above-described problems, the waste heat boiler 200 according to the present embodiment can perform energy gradient utilization by using the modular equipment for garbage disposal and energy utilization. Specifically, the waste heat boiler 200 includes a high temperature utilization module 230 and a low temperature utilization module 240, the inlet flue 220 is communicated with the high temperature utilization module 230, the top of the boiler body 210 is further provided with a bypass inlet flue 250 corresponding to the inlet flue, and the bypass inlet flue 250 is also connected with the flue gas outlet 120.
Thus, when the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is in the standard temperature range, the high-temperature flue gas enters the inlet flue 220 from the flue gas outlet 120, and then enters the high-temperature utilization module 230; when the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is lower than the standard temperature range, the low-temperature flue gas enters the bypass inlet flue 250 from the flue gas outlet 120 and then enters the low-temperature utilization module 240, so that the graded utilization of heat energy is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the air outlet 320 of the first separation module 300 is communicated with the inlet flue 220 of the waste heat boiler 200 through a main pipe 410, and a temperature detecting device 500 is disposed on the main pipe 410 so as to detect the temperature of the flue gas at the air outlet 320 side of the first separation module 300, thereby controlling the flue gas to enter the inlet flue 220 or bypass the inlet flue 250. The main pipeline 410 is provided with a first branch pipeline 420 and a second branch pipeline 430, the first branch pipeline 420 is communicated with the inlet flue 220, and the second branch pipeline 430 is communicated with the bypass inlet flue 250; the first branch pipe 420 is provided with a first shut-off valve 421, and the second branch pipe 430 is provided with a second shut-off valve 431.
Thus, when the temperature detecting device 500 detects that the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is within the standard temperature range, the first stop valve 421 is opened, and the second stop valve 431 is closed, so that the high-temperature flue gas enters the inlet flue 220 from the gas outlet 320; when the temperature detecting device 500 detects that the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is lower than the standard temperature interval, the first stop valve 421 is closed, the second stop valve 431 is opened, and the low-temperature flue gas enters the bypass inlet flue 250 through the gas outlet 320.
In this embodiment, the high-temperature utilization module 230 includes a superheater 231 and a high-temperature evaporator 232, heating surfaces of the superheater and the high-temperature evaporator are light pipes, and an ash bucket 233 is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module 230; the low-temperature utilization module 240 comprises a low-temperature evaporator 241 and an economizer 242, and heating surfaces of the low-temperature evaporator 241 and the economizer 242 are finned tubes; the joint of the high temperature utilization module 230 and the low temperature utilization module 240 is provided with a one-way flashboard 260, the tail of the low temperature utilization module 240 is provided with an outlet flue 270, and a boiler barrel 280 is arranged outside the boiler body 210 for steam-water separation, thus forming a complete water circulation loop.
It can be appreciated that after the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered by the high-temperature utilization module 230, the flue gas is subjected to centrifugal force at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module 230, and large ash particles are thrown into the ash bucket 233 to further separate and collect dust, so that the flue gas continuously enters the low-temperature utilization module 240 through the unidirectional flashboard 260.
Preferably, the inlet flue 220 may be divided into a flue gas inlet and an air inlet, the inlet flue has a plurality of flue gas inlets, when the temperature of the flue gas is too high, the air inlet valve of the inlet flue 220 is opened, and the flue gas and the air are mixed and then enter the high temperature utilization module 230 of the waste heat boiler 200.
The modular equipment for garbage incineration and energy utilization in this embodiment is provided with the unidirectional flashboard 260 at the joint of the high-temperature utilization module 230 and the low-temperature utilization module 240, and the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature utilization module 230 can enter the low-temperature utilization module 240 to further utilize the heat energy thereof, and the low-temperature flue gas discharged by the vertical garbage incinerator 100 is matched with the low-temperature utilization module 240 directly, so that the energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved.
In this embodiment, the high temperature utilization module 230 uses steel balls to clean ash, so as to eliminate the problem that ash particles are melted and deformed at high temperature to form tough and hard slag on the wall surface, which is difficult to clean. The low-temperature utilization module 240 adopts a dust blowing mode to remove dust so as to remove the problems that the dust deposition adsorption force of the low-temperature heating surface is strong and the dust deposition is easy to form on the low-temperature tube bundle.
Specifically, a bead scattering element 234 is disposed at the top of the high-temperature utilization module 230, a bead collecting element 235 is disposed at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module 230 to recover the ash-removed steel beads, and a bead lifting element 236 is disposed at the side of the high-temperature utilization module 230 to send the steel beads in the bead collecting element 235 back to the bead scattering element 234. A sootblower (not shown) is provided within the low temperature utilization module 240 to facilitate deashing of the low temperature evaporator 241 and economizer 242.
It will be appreciated that the flue gas from the vertical waste incinerator 100 contains a large amount of fly ash particles, and after the dust-containing gas flow enters the waste heat boiler 200, the particles may be deposited in the heated surface, which may cause serious damage. Although the modular equipment for garbage incineration and energy utilization of the present embodiment has the first separation module 300, dust generated by garbage incineration is unstable and is liable to be suddenly increased in fly ash particles, resulting in that the fly ash particles entering the waste heat boiler 200 exceed the load of the ash removing device.
In order to eliminate the above problem, in the garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization modular assembly apparatus of the present embodiment, the downstream of the first separation module 300 is further provided with a second separation module 600, the second air inlet 610 of the second separation module 600 is disposed in communication with the flue gas outlet 120, the second air outlet 620 is disposed in communication with the waste heat boiler 200, and the second slag discharge port 630 at the bottom end is in communication with the waste solids recovery end.
It is understood that the air outlet 320 of the first separation module 300 communicates with the second air inlet 610 of the second separation module 600, and the second air outlet 620 of the second separation module 600 communicates with the heat recovery boiler 200. The second separation module 600 is also a high temperature cyclone separator, and has a function of removing particulate matter.
Specifically, the main pipeline 410 is further provided with a smoke particle detection device 700, and the smoke particle detection device 700 is located at the air outlet 320 of the first separation module 300, so as to detect whether the content of smoke and dust discharged by the first separation module 300 reaches the standard, the smoke reaching the standard directly enters the waste heat boiler 200, and the smoke not reaching the standard enters the second separation module 600 for treatment, and then enters the waste heat boiler 200 after treatment.
The main pipeline 410 is also provided with a flue gas diversion chamber 800 and a third stop valve 411, and the third stop valve 411 is positioned at a first outlet of the flue gas diversion chamber 800; the main pipe 410 is further branched into a third branched pipe 440 at the second outlet of the flue gas branching chamber 800, and a fourth shut-off valve 441 is provided on the third branched pipe 440.
Thus, when the soot particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the smoke and dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is lower than the preset threshold value, the third stop valve 411 is opened and the fourth stop valve 441 is closed, so that the high-temperature smoke directly enters the inlet flue 220 from the gas outlet 320; when the smoke particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the smoke dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is higher than the preset threshold value, the third stop valve 411 is closed, the fourth stop valve 441 is opened, and the smoke enters the second separation module 600 from the air outlet 320 for treatment, and then enters the waste heat boiler 200 after treatment.
It will be appreciated that the temperature of the flue gas after the particles are removed by the first separation module 300 and the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced after the particles are removed by the second separation module 600, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the second air outlet 620 of the second separation module 600 does not match the design parameters of the high temperature utilization module 230.
For this, in the present embodiment, the second air outlet 620 of the second separation module 600 communicates with the second branch pipe 430 through the fourth branch pipe 450. Therefore, the flue gas discharged from the second air outlet 620 of the second separation module 600 is converged into the second branch pipeline 430 by the fourth branch pipeline 450, and then enters the bypass inlet flue 250, and then enters the low-temperature utilization module 240, so that the full utilization of heat energy is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Through the arrangement, the complexity of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the garbage incinerator is fully considered, the coupling of temperature fluctuation and fluctuation of dust quantity in the flue gas is considered, the two-stage separation module is arranged, the high-temperature utilization module 230 and the low-temperature utilization module 240 which are arranged in cooperation with the waste heat boiler 200 are matched, the negative influence of dust on the waste heat boiler 200 can be removed to the greatest extent, and the multi-stage full utilization of heat energy can be realized.
It will be appreciated that when the soot particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the flue gas dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is lower than the preset threshold value, the third stop valve 411 is opened, and the fourth stop valve 441 is closed, so that the high-temperature flue gas directly enters the inlet flue 220 from the gas outlet 320; when the smoke particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the smoke dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is higher than the preset threshold value, the third stop valve 411 is closed, the fourth stop valve 441 is opened, and the smoke enters the second separation module 600 from the air outlet 320 for treatment, and then enters the waste heat boiler 200 after treatment. The preset threshold P of the flue gas dust concentration may be estimated according to the design parameters of the waste heat boiler 200, or may be determined according to a preliminary test.
Thus, in the garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization modular facility according to the present embodiment, in the initial state, the third stop valve 411 is opened, and the fourth stop valve 441 is closed; when the smoke particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the smoke dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is less than or equal to a preset threshold value P, the third stop valve 411 and the fourth stop valve 441 maintain an initial state, so that the high-temperature smoke directly enters the inlet flue 220 from the air outlet 320; when the smoke particle detection device 700 detects that the concentration of the smoke dust discharged from the first separation module 300 is greater than the preset threshold value P, the third stop valve 411 is automatically closed, the fourth stop valve 441 is automatically opened, and the smoke enters the second separation module 600 from the air outlet 320 for treatment, and then enters the waste heat boiler 200 after treatment.
However, the applicant has found in a certain amount of experiments and actual practice that the preset threshold value P may be different from the practice, and in practice, the threshold value P may also change with the change of objective conditions, which results in that when the smoke particle detection device 700 detects that the smoke dust concentration discharged from the first separation module 300 is lower than the preset threshold value, the dust in the smoke entering the waste heat boiler 200 may also exceed the standard.
For this purpose, in the present embodiment, ash detecting means (not shown) is further provided in the ash bucket 233 of the high temperature utilization module 230 so as to detect the accumulated amount of ash in the ash bucket 233 for a certain period of time. When the accumulated ash quantity measured by the ash detection device for n times continuously does not exceed a specified threshold value, adjusting the threshold value P to be P+delta P, and continuously monitoring the accumulated ash quantity based on the adjusted threshold value P+delta P; when the accumulated ash amount measured by the ash detecting device 1 times exceeds a prescribed threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to P-Deltap, and monitoring is continued based on the adjusted threshold value P-Deltap.
With this arrangement, the modular equipment for garbage incineration and energy utilization according to the present embodiment can adjust the threshold P to P- Δp when the accumulated ash amount measured 1 time by the ash detecting device exceeds the predetermined threshold, thereby maximally eliminating the negative influence of dust on the waste heat boiler 200; and when the accumulated ash quantity measured by the ash detection device for n times continuously does not exceed the specified threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to be P+delta P, so that the smoke is accurately reduced from entering the waste heat boiler 200 through the second separation module 600, and the maximum utilization of heat energy is realized.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A modularized assembly type equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization comprises a vertical garbage incinerator and a waste heat boiler connected with the vertical garbage incinerator;
the waste heat boiler comprises a boiler body which is integrally cylindrical, the top of the boiler body is provided with an inlet flue with a corresponding position, and a flue gas outlet of the vertical garbage incinerator is connected with the inlet flue;
the modularized assembled equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization further comprises a first separation module arranged outside the incinerator body, wherein an air inlet of the first separation module is communicated with a flue gas outlet, and an air outlet of the first separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler;
the waste heat boiler is characterized by comprising a high-temperature utilization module and a low-temperature utilization module, wherein an inlet flue is communicated with the high-temperature utilization module, a bypass inlet flue with the corresponding position is further arranged at the top of the boiler body, the bypass inlet flue is also connected with a flue gas outlet, and the bypass inlet flue is communicated with the low-temperature utilization module;
the downstream of the first separation module is also provided with a second separation module, a second air inlet of the second separation module is communicated with the flue gas outlet, and a second air outlet of the second separation module is communicated with the waste heat boiler;
the air outlet of the first separation module is communicated with an inlet flue of the waste heat boiler through a main pipeline, a smoke particle detection device is further arranged on the main pipeline, and the smoke particle detection device is positioned at the air outlet of the first separation module;
the main pipeline is also provided with a flue gas diversion chamber and a third stop valve, and the third stop valve is positioned at a first outlet of the flue gas diversion chamber;
a third branch pipeline is also branched at the second outlet of the flue gas branching chamber, and a fourth stop valve is arranged on the third branch pipeline;
a temperature detection device is arranged on the main pipeline so as to detect the temperature of the flue gas at the gas outlet side of the first separation module, thereby controlling the flue gas to enter the inlet flue or bypass the inlet flue;
the second air outlet of the second separation module is communicated with the second branch pipeline through a fourth branch pipeline;
in the initial state, the third stop valve is opened, and the fourth stop valve is closed;
when the smoke particle detection device detects that the concentration of smoke dust discharged by the first separation module is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value P, the third stop valve and the fourth stop valve maintain an initial state;
when the smoke particle detection device detects that the concentration of smoke dust discharged by the first separation module is greater than a preset threshold value P, the third stop valve is automatically closed, and the fourth stop valve is automatically opened;
an ash detection device is also arranged in the ash bucket of the high-temperature utilization module so as to detect the accumulated ash quantity in the ash bucket within a certain time;
when the accumulated ash quantity measured by the ash detection device for n times continuously does not exceed a specified threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to be P+delta P, and monitoring is continued on the basis of the adjusted threshold value P+delta P;
when the accumulated ash amount measured by the ash detecting device 1 times exceeds a prescribed threshold value, the threshold value P is adjusted to P-Deltap, and monitoring is continued based on the adjusted threshold value P-Deltap.
2. The modular equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization according to claim 1, wherein a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline are arranged on the main pipeline, the first branch pipeline is communicated with the inlet flue, and the second branch pipeline is communicated with the bypass inlet flue;
the first branch pipeline is provided with a first stop valve, and the second branch pipeline is provided with a second stop valve.
3. The modular equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature utilization module comprises a superheater and a high temperature evaporator, and an ash bucket is arranged at the bottom of the high temperature utilization module;
the low-temperature utilization module comprises a low-temperature evaporator and an economizer;
the joint part of the high-temperature utilization module and the low-temperature utilization module is provided with a one-way flashboard, the tail part of the low-temperature utilization module is provided with an outlet flue, and a boiler barrel is arranged outside the boiler body for steam-water separation.
4. The modular equipment for garbage incineration treatment and energy utilization according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a bead scattering element is arranged at the top of the high-temperature utilization module, a bead collecting element is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature utilization module, and a bead lifting element is arranged at the side surface of the high-temperature utilization module;
a soot blower is arranged in the low-temperature utilization module.
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