CN112303239A - Novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device and intelligent control method thereof - Google Patents
Novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device and intelligent control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112303239A CN112303239A CN202011184331.7A CN202011184331A CN112303239A CN 112303239 A CN112303239 A CN 112303239A CN 202011184331 A CN202011184331 A CN 202011184331A CN 112303239 A CN112303239 A CN 112303239A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3436—Pressing means
- F16J15/3444—Pressing means by magnetic attraction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3492—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member with monitoring or measuring means associated with the seal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device and an intelligent control method. The air film end face sealing device comprises a moving ring, a static ring, a magnetic control shape memory alloy, a pneumatic control spring, an excitation coil, a dynamic pressure groove and a static ring seat; the external monitoring and control system comprises a flowmeter, an air pressure regulating valve, an air source, a voltage regulator, a power supply and a controller. The intelligent control method is characterized in that the flowmeter transmits the real-time leakage rate into the controller, the closing force regulating quantity can be obtained according to the difference value between the real-time leakage rate and the target leakage rate, the controller controls the air pressure regulating valve and the voltage controller, the rigidity of the pneumatic control spring and the compression quantity of the spring are changed, and finally the self-adaptive control of the closing force is realized. The invention has simple structure, small volume and high regulation speed, is suitable for occasions with variable working conditions and high-parameter working conditions, can maintain stable operation of sealing, and reduces the risk of sealing failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shaft sealing, in particular to a novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device and an intelligent control method thereof.
Background
The dry gas seal is a non-contact end face seal using gas as a sealing medium, and a micron-sized gas film is formed between a moving ring and a stationary ring through a gas dynamic pressure effect, so that the non-contact operation is realized, and the dry gas seal is widely applied to shaft end sealing of various rotary machines, such as a centrifugal compressor and the like, with the advantages of low leakage, long service life, less wear and the like.
As the mechanical seal is inevitably subjected to shafting vibration in the operation process, particularly along with the development of mechanical equipment towards ultrahigh speed, the shafting vibration is more severe, the mechanical seal inevitably has seal failure, and various problems such as medium leakage, severe abrasion and the like are caused, so that not only is the loss caused to industrial production, but also the injury is caused to operators. Therefore, it is necessary to study the stability of the mechanical dry gas seal during dynamic operation, so that the seal can operate completely and stably for a long period.
At present, the sealing parameter detection of a mechanical sealing system in China has a mature technology, but is limited by backward control equipment, most of the control on the sealing system needs manual work, and self-adaption and real-time control cannot be realized, so that the real-time change of the film thickness can greatly influence the sealing performance, and the sealing is disabled.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide a novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device, which can solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device comprises an air film end face sealing device and an external monitoring and control system;
the air film end face sealing device comprises a moving ring, a static ring, a dynamic pressure groove, a static ring seat, an excitation coil, a magnetic control shape memory alloy and a pneumatic control spring; and at least one sealing end surface of the movable ring and the static ring is provided with a dynamic pressure groove.
The static ring is arranged on the static ring seat; an annular groove is formed in the back face of the static ring seat, and the excitation coil is installed in the annular groove; the excitation coil generates a magnetic field after being electrified.
The front surface of the static ring seat is provided with a mounting hole, and the magnetic control shape memory alloy is mounted in the mounting hole; the pneumatic control spring is arranged between the magnetic control shape memory alloy and the static ring.
Defining the axial direction of the rotating central shaft of the movable ring and the fixed ring as the axial direction; the magnetic control shape memory alloy deforms along the axial direction under the action of the magnetic field, so that the static ring and the dynamic ring are tightly attached to form a sealing end face.
The external monitoring and control system comprises a flow meter, an air pressure regulating valve, an air source, a voltage regulator, a power supply and a controller; the flowmeter is used for measuring the leakage rate of the gas film end face sealing device; the air pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the air supply pressure of the air source; the voltage regulator is used for regulating the voltage of the power supply; the controller is used for controlling the air pressure regulating valve and the voltage regulator.
Further: the pneumatic control spring is elastic rubber or foil.
Further: the mounting holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the static ring seat.
Further: the pneumatic control spring is hollow and communicated, and is communicated with an air source through an air injection pipeline.
Further: the pneumatic control spring comprises air inflation units, wherein multiple groups of air inflation units are arranged in parallel and repeatedly, and two adjacent air inflation units are communicated through round holes.
Further: the cross section of the inflation unit is in a diamond shape or an oval shape.
Further: the cross section of the magnetic control shape memory alloy is in a T shape or a rectangle shape.
A second objective of the present invention is to provide a novel active dynamic dry-air-tight intelligent control method, which can solve one or more of the above technical problems.
The intelligent regulation and control method of the novel active dynamic pressure type dry gas sealing device comprises the following steps:
(1) the flowmeter 3 monitors the leakage rate information of the air film end face sealing device in real time and transmits the information into the controller 6 for processing; the difference value delta Q between the leakage rate and the target leakage rate is monitored in real time, and then the leakage rate and the film thickness are calculated according to a relational formula
Obtaining a corresponding film thickness difference value delta h; then adjusting the quantity delta F and the film thickness difference delta h according to the closing force, and adjusting the gas film rigidity KfThe corresponding closing force adjustment amount Δ F can be obtained by the relationship formula Δ F — Kf Δ h.
(2) According to the relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller 6 controls the air pressure regulating valve 4 to change the stiffness of the air control spring 8 until the regulated closing force F is up to K delta x1In accordance with the set range F1＝(0.6～0.7)ΔF。
(3) According to the relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller 6 controls the voltage regulator 5 to change the voltage input to the excitation coil 9, so that the magnetic field intensity generated by the excitation coil 9 is changed, and further the deformation quantity and the spring compression quantity of the magnetic control memory alloy 7 are changed until the adjusted closing force F is adjusted2In accordance with the set range F2＝ΔF-F1。
The magnetic control memory alloy is a novel intelligent material with a bidirectional shape memory function, can change the shape under the action of an external magnetic field, and has the shape memory characteristic because the material is not deformed after the magnetic field is removed. The deformation is restored by applying a reverse magnetic field and an external pressure. The device has the advantages of high response speed, large deformation, small volume and the like, and can be applied to controlling the compression amount of the spring. When a magnetic field is applied, the compression amount of the spring can be changed, the closing force is increased, after the magnetic field is removed, the reaction force of the spring enables the magnetic control memory alloy to better recover deformation, the closing force is reduced, and the stable operation of the movable ring and the static ring in a long period is realized.
The invention has the technical effects that:
according to the leakage rate of the flowmeter, the controller monitors the stiffness and the compression amount of the spring in real time, the closing force self-adaptive control is realized, the abrasion of a sealing surface caused by shafting vibration is prevented, and the operation stability and the anti-interference capability of dry gas sealing are effectively improved; compared with a general self-adaptive dry gas sealing control system, the dry gas sealing control system has the advantages of simple structure, small size, high regulation and control speed and the like, is suitable for occasions with variable working conditions and high-parameter working conditions, can maintain stable sealing operation, and reduces the risk of sealing failure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the air pressure adjusting spring according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a control schematic of the present invention.
In the above figures: the device comprises a moving ring 1, a static ring 2, a flowmeter 3, an air pressure regulating valve 4, an air source 41, a voltage regulator 5, a power supply 51, a controller 6, a magnetic control shape memory alloy 7, a pneumatic control spring 8, an excitation coil 9, a dynamic pressure groove 10 and a static ring seat 11.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions are provided only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, a novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device comprises an air film end face sealing device and an external monitoring and control system. The air film end face sealing device comprises a moving ring 1, a static ring 2, a magnetic control shape memory alloy 7, a pneumatic control spring 8, a magnet exciting coil 9, a dynamic pressure groove 10 and a static ring seat 11;
and an annular groove is formed in the back surface of the static ring seat 11 and used for mounting the excitation coil 9.
A plurality of mounting holes are uniformly formed in the front side of the static ring seat 11 along the circumferential direction, the mounting holes are used for mounting the magnetic control shape memory alloy 7, and the pneumatic control spring 8 is mounted between the magnetic control shape memory alloy 7 and the static ring 2.
The axial direction of the rotating central shafts of the movable ring 1 and the static ring 2 is defined as the axial direction; the excitation coil 9 generates a magnetic field after being electrified; the magnetic control shape memory alloy 7 deforms under the action of the magnetic field; the deformation direction is parallel to the axial direction.
The dynamic pressure groove 10 is arranged on the sealing end surface of at least one sealing ring in the dynamic ring 1 and the static ring 2; under the action of the extrusion force of the magnetic control shape memory alloy 7 and the pneumatic control spring 8; the static ring 2 and the dynamic ring 1 are tightly attached to form a sealing end face.
The pneumatic control spring 8 is made of elastic materials such as rubber and foil.
The pneumatic control spring 8 is hollow and communicated, and pressurized gas is injected into the pneumatic control spring 8 through a gas injection pipeline to change the rigidity of the pneumatic control spring 8.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cross section of the pneumatic spring 8 adopts a combined structure of a plurality of rhombic or oval units, and the rhombic or oval units are communicated through round holes.
The cross section of the magnetic control shape memory alloy 7 is in a T shape or a rectangle shape.
The external monitoring and control system comprises a flow meter 3, an air pressure regulating valve 4, an air source 41, a voltage regulator 5, a power supply 51 and a controller 6. The flowmeter 3 is used for measuring the leakage rate of the gas film end face sealing device; the air pressure regulating valve 4 is used for regulating the air supply pressure of the air source 41; the voltage regulator 5 is used for regulating the voltage of the power supply 51; the controller 6 is used for controlling the air pressure regulating valve 4 and the voltage regulator 5.
The specific control principle of the present invention is shown in fig. 3 as follows: the flowmeter monitors the leakage rate information of the air film end face sealing device in real time and transmits the information into the controller for processing; the difference value delta Q between the leakage rate and the target leakage rate is monitored in real time, and then the leakage rate and the film thickness are calculated according to a relational formula
Obtaining a corresponding film thickness difference value delta h; then adjusting the quantity delta F and the film thickness difference delta h according to the closing force, and adjusting the gas film rigidity KfThe corresponding closing force adjustment amount Δ F can be obtained by the relationship formula Δ F — Kf Δ h. According to a relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller controls the air pressure regulating valve to change the stiffness of the pneumatic control spring until the regulated closing force F1In accordance with the set range F1(0.6-0.7) Δ F. According to a relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller controls the voltage regulator to change the voltage input to the magnet exciting coil so as to change the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnet exciting coil and further change the deformation quantity and the spring compression quantity of the magnetic control memory alloy until the adjusted closing force F is reached2In accordance with the set range F2＝ΔF-F1。
Referring to fig. 2, the pneumatic spring 8 is hollow and communicated, and pressurized gas is injected into the pneumatic spring 8 through a gas injection pipe to change the rigidity of the pneumatic spring 8. The cross section of the pneumatic control spring adopts a combined structure of a plurality of rhombic or oval units, and the rhombic or oval units are communicated through round holes.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device comprises an air film end face sealing device and an external monitoring and control system;
the air film end face sealing device comprises a moving ring (1), a static ring (2), a dynamic pressure groove (10), a static ring seat (11), a magnet exciting coil (9), a magnetic control shape memory alloy (7) and a pneumatic control spring (8);
at least one sealing end surface of the movable ring (1) and the static ring (2) is provided with a dynamic pressure groove (10);
the static ring (1) is arranged on the static ring seat (11);
an annular groove is formed in the back surface of the static ring seat (11), and the excitation coil (9) is installed in the annular groove; the magnet exciting coil (9) generates a magnetic field after being electrified;
the front surface of the static ring seat (11) is provided with a mounting hole, and the magnetic control shape memory alloy (7) is mounted in the mounting hole; the pneumatic control spring (8) is arranged between the magnetic control shape memory alloy (7) and the static ring (2);
the axial direction of the rotating central shaft of the movable ring (1) and the fixed ring (2) is defined as the axial direction;
the magnetic control shape memory alloy (7) deforms along the axial direction under the action of the magnetic field, so that the static ring (2) and the moving ring (1) are tightly attached to form a sealing end face;
the external monitoring and control system comprises a flowmeter (3), an air pressure regulating valve (4), an air source (41), a voltage regulator (5), a power supply (51) and a controller (6);
the flowmeter (3) is used for measuring the leakage rate of the gas film end face sealing device; the air pressure regulating valve (4) is used for regulating the air supply pressure of the air source (41); the voltage regulator (5) is used for regulating the voltage of a power supply (51); the controller (6) is used for controlling the air pressure regulating valve (4) and the voltage regulator (5).
2. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic control spring (8) is elastic rubber or foil.
3. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the static ring seat (11).
4. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interior of the pneumatic control spring (8) is hollow and communicated, and the pneumatic control spring (8) is communicated with an air source (41) through an air injection pipeline.
5. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic control spring (8) comprises air inflation units, multiple groups of the air inflation units are arranged in parallel and repeatedly, and every two adjacent air inflation units are communicated through a round hole.
6. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the cross section of the inflation unit is in a diamond shape or an oval shape.
7. The novel active dynamic pressure type gas film end face sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the magnetic control shape memory alloy (7) is in a T shape or a rectangle shape.
8. The intelligent control method of the novel active dynamic pressure type air film end face sealing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the flowmeter monitors the leakage rate information of the air film end face sealing device in real time and transmits the information into the controller for processing; the difference value delta Q between the leakage rate and the target leakage rate is monitored in real time, and then the leakage rate and the film thickness are calculated according to a relational formula
Obtaining a corresponding film thickness difference value delta h; then adjusting the quantity delta F and the film thickness difference delta h according to the closing force, and adjusting the gas film rigidity KfThe relation between them is represented by the formula Δ F ═ KfΔ h, a corresponding closing force adjustment amount Δ F can be obtained;
(2) according to the relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller controls the air pressure regulating valve to change the stiffness of the pneumatic control spring until the regulated closing force F1In accordance with the set range F1＝(0.6～0.7)ΔF；
(3) According to a relation formula delta F between the closing force regulating quantity delta F and the spring stiffness K and the spring compression quantity delta x, the output end of the controller controls the voltage regulator to change the voltage input to the magnet exciting coil so as to change the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnet exciting coil and further change the deformation quantity and the spring compression quantity of the magnetic control memory alloy until the adjusted closing force F is reached2In accordance with the set range F2＝ΔF-F1。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112923061A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 柏燕 | Multi-end-face self-regulation and control enabled steam turbine shaft end sealing device |
| CN112923060A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 柏燕 | Multi-end-face self-regulation starting steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
| CN112943933A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 柏燕 | High-reliability low-torque zero-leakage steam turbine shaft end sealing device |
| CN112943932A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 柏燕 | High-reliability zero-leakage steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
| CN114517835A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-20 | 重庆渝辉智能装备有限公司 | Integrated double-end-face mechanical sealing structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112923061A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 柏燕 | Multi-end-face self-regulation and control enabled steam turbine shaft end sealing device |
| CN112923060A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 柏燕 | Multi-end-face self-regulation starting steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
| CN112943933A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 柏燕 | High-reliability low-torque zero-leakage steam turbine shaft end sealing device |
| CN112943932A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 柏燕 | High-reliability zero-leakage steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
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| CN112943932B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2024-01-19 | 灿因工业技术(宁波)有限公司 | High-reliability zero-leakage steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
| CN114517835A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-20 | 重庆渝辉智能装备有限公司 | Integrated double-end-face mechanical sealing structure |
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