CN112302245A - 预铸建材结构 - Google Patents

预铸建材结构 Download PDF

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CN112302245A
CN112302245A CN201910712307.7A CN201910712307A CN112302245A CN 112302245 A CN112302245 A CN 112302245A CN 201910712307 A CN201910712307 A CN 201910712307A CN 112302245 A CN112302245 A CN 112302245A
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building material
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黄永嘉
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34321—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1975—Frameworks where the struts are directly connected to each other, i.e. without interposed connecting nodes or plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B2001/6195—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the slabs being connected at an angle, e.g. forming a corner

Abstract

本发明涉及一种预铸建材结构，该预铸建材包含：一基板、一框体、一金属补强单元及一混凝土层，该框体安装在该基板周边，而于该框体与该基板间形成一槽室，该框体至少两侧边设置凸嵌组部与凹嵌组部，该金属补强单元设置于该槽室内焊接固定，该混凝土层铺设于该基座的槽室内，将设置于该槽室内的金属补强单元完全覆盖；由此，建筑物建造难度与费用降低，大幅度缩短房屋建造时间，并且可做各式组装变化，拆卸后可重复使用，以及可达到耐热、隔绝噪音及抗震等效果。

Description

预铸建材结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种预铸建材，尤指一种建筑用的预铸建材结构。
背景技术
一般建筑物大都采用钢筋水泥建造，以达到良好的结构强度及防火性，然而采用钢筋水泥建造房屋时，需设置地基与梁柱，及需现场进行架设钢筋、组设模板及灌浆等作业，故不仅具有建造麻烦不便，建造难度高，需要大量的专业工作人员，建造费用高的问题，并且建造的时间长，无法适用于需要短时间内建造完成的房屋。
因此，乃有一种可简易建造的组合屋，目前市面上的组合屋主要有以下三种型式：(1)木屋，采用木质建材建造而成，具有良好的隔热保温、吸音、吸湿等特性，并符合自然环保的绿色节能建筑。但木屋的建造通常是将木质建材运至现场之后，现场进行裁切、拼组、钉结等作业，如此不仅组装锁固工序复杂，拆装易破坏组件，不利于重复使用，并且其所建造的木屋结构强度、稳固性及防火性差，使用寿命短，使用安全性不佳。(2)货柜屋，优点是施工简易，可多个货柜连接扩充。缺点是金属材质易腐蚀生锈，常需涂布防锈漆保养，居家设备简易，外表不美观不耐用，室内闷热。(3)铁皮屋，优点是建造速度快。缺点是容易因为台风或较大的风雨造成破损，而且铁皮材质容易吸热导热，在太阳直射之下，易使铁皮屋的温度快速提升，造成室内闷热，另外，铁皮材质易生锈，外表烤漆易褪色，以致需定期上漆保养。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术组合屋具有上述缺点，本发明提供一种预铸建材结构。
本发明提供一种预铸建材结构，该预铸建材包含：一基板，呈平行四边形；一框体，安装在该基板周边，而于该框体与该基板间形成一槽室，该框体由多个框条固接组成，该框体至少两侧边固结有嵌接条，而于该框体至少两侧边形成凸嵌组部与凹嵌组部，该凸嵌组部与该凹嵌组部呈互补设置，该框条及该嵌接条上分别设置有提供锁设固结用的多个锁固孔；一金属补强单元，架设于该槽室内与该槽室的槽壁焊接固定；及一混凝土层，铺设于该槽室内，将金属补强单元覆盖，使该混凝土层与该基板、该框体及该金属补强单元固结成一体。
本发明预铸建材结构的主要目的，在于该预铸建材可于工厂预铸成型，而于建造现场进行组装，组装锁固工序简单，俾达建筑物建造难度与费用降低，大幅度缩短房屋建造时间，并且可做各式组装变化，拆卸后可重复使用。
本发明预铸建材结构的次一目的，在于该预铸建材建造的建筑物结构强度、稳固性及防火性佳，可达到耐热、隔绝噪音及抗震等效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明预铸建材的立体图。
图2是本发明预铸建材的立体分解图。
图3是本发明嵌接条与框条锁设固结的平面剖示图。
图4是本发明预铸建材并接组装的示意图。
图5是本发明预铸建材建造成的房屋立体图。
图6是本发明预铸建材的锁结连接平面剖示图。
图7是本发明预铸建材的另一锁结连接立体剖示图。
图8是本发明预铸建材的另一锁结连接平面剖示图。
图9是本发明另一实施例预铸建材的立体图。
图10是本发明另一实施例预铸建材的锁结连接平面剖示图。
图11是本发明又一实施例预铸建材的立体分解图。
图12是图11的局部放大图。
图13是本发明又一实施例预铸建材的立体图。
图14是本发明再一实施例预铸建材并接组装的示意图。
图15是本发明另再一实施例预铸建材并接组装的示意图。
图16是图15的局部放大图。
附图标记
1 预铸建材
10 基板
20 框体
21 框条
211 槽道
212 锁固孔
22 嵌接条
221 槽道
222 锁固孔
23 凸嵌组部
24 凹嵌组部
25 封盖
251 锁固孔
26 搭接片
261 锁固孔
30 金属补强单元
31 钢筋条
40 混凝土层
50 螺栓
60 螺帽
70 架体
A 槽室
具体实施方式
请参阅图1至图3，本发明预铸建材结构，该预铸建材1包含：一基板10、一框体20、一金属补强单元30及一混凝土层40。
该基板10呈平行四边形，由金属材质制成，可为矩形钢板或塑铝板…等。
该框体20安装在该基板10周边，而于该框体20与该基板10间形成一槽室A，该框体20由多个框条21固接组成，该框条21具有至少一槽道211，该框体20至少两侧边以螺栓50配合螺帽60锁设固结嵌接条22，该嵌接条22具有至少一槽道221，而于该框体20至少两侧边形成凸嵌组部23与凹嵌组部24，该凸嵌组部23与该凹嵌组部24呈互补设置，该框条21及该嵌接条22上分别设置有提供锁设固结用的多个锁固孔212、222，于本实施例该框体20于相对两侧边往平行该基板10方向以螺栓50配合螺帽60锁设固结错开对应的嵌接条22，而于该框体20相对两侧边形成平行该基板10的交错对应的凸嵌组部23与凹嵌组部24，该框条21及该嵌接条22断面为H形，但不以此为限，亦可为ㄩ形或其他形状。
该金属补强单元30架设于该槽室A内，与该槽室A的槽壁焊接固定，于本实施例该金属补强单元30由多个钢筋条31交叉排列固结组成。
该混凝土层40由水泥、砂、石与水依比例配合搅拌混合而成，铺设于该槽室A内，将该槽室A填满，及将设置于该槽室A内的金属补强单元30覆盖，使该混凝土层30与该基板10、该框体20及该金属补强单元30固结成一体。
使用该预铸建材1建造房屋时，如图3至图8所示，依照所欲建造的房形，将多个预铸建材1水平相接，使该等预铸建材1的框体20对正靠合在一起，而以螺栓50穿过该等预铸建材1的框条21的锁固孔212配合螺帽60锁结，使多个预铸建材1平行组接固定，及将多个预铸建材1以凸嵌组部23与凹嵌组部24垂直或水平相接，利用凸嵌组部23与凹嵌组部24相互契合嵌组，而以螺栓50穿过该等预铸建材1的框条21的锁固孔212与嵌接条22的锁固孔222配合螺帽60锁结，使多个预铸建材1垂直或水平组接固定，进而建造成预定的房形，并可于该框条21的槽道211及该嵌接条22的槽道221内埋设各种管线。
再者，该框体20相对两侧边除如上述以螺栓50配合螺帽60锁设固结错开对应的嵌接条22外，亦可如图9及图10所示，该框体20相对两侧边以焊接方式固结错开对应的嵌接条22。
以及，如图11、图12及图13所示，该框体20的框条21端部可结合一封盖25，该封盖25上设有锁固孔251，更方便该预铸建材1相互间的组接固定。
如图14所示，该框体20亦可于相对两侧边往垂直该基板10方向以螺栓50配合螺帽60锁设固结错开对应的嵌接条22，而于该框体20相对两侧边形成垂直该基板10的交错对应的凸嵌组部23与凹嵌组部24。
如图15及图16所示，该框体20的框条21上设有往外延伸凸设的搭接片26，该搭接片26上设有锁固孔261，使用时可配合一架体70，利用该搭接片26将该预铸建材1搭接于该架体70上。
由上述具体实施例的结构，可得到下述的效益：
1.本发明预铸建材结构，其预铸建材1可于工厂预铸成型，再移动到建造现场进行组装，组装锁固工序简单，建筑物建造难度与费用降低，进而大幅度缩短房屋建造时间，并且可做各式组装变化，以及拆卸后可重复使用。
2.本发明预铸建材结构，其预铸建材1建造的建筑物结构强度、稳固性及防火性佳，而可达到耐热、隔绝噪音及抗震等效果。

Claims (7)

1.一种预铸建材结构，该预铸建材结构包含：
一基板，呈平行四边形；
一框体，安装在该基板周边，而于该框体与该基板间形成一槽室，该框体由多个框条固接组成，该框体至少两侧边固结嵌接条，而于该框体至少两侧边形成凸嵌组部与凹嵌组部，该凸嵌组部与该凹嵌组部呈互补设置，该框条及该嵌接条上分别设置有提供锁设固结用的多个锁固孔；
一金属补强单元，架设于该槽室内与该槽室的槽壁焊接固定；及
一混凝土层，铺设于该槽室内，将金属补强单元覆盖，使该混凝土层与该基板、该框体及该金属补强单元固结成一体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该框条及该嵌接条分别具有至少一槽道。
3.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该框条及该嵌接条断面为H形。
4.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该金属补强单元由多个钢筋条交叉排列固定组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该混凝土层将该基座的槽室填满。
6.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该框体的框条端部结合一封盖，该封盖上设有锁固孔。
7.根据权利要求1所述的预铸建材结构，其中该框体的框条上设有往外延伸凸设的搭接片，该搭接片上设有锁固孔。
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