CN112302080A - Cutting equipment for excavating pipe trench on rock foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting device for excavating a pipe trench on a rock foundation, which comprises a track and a rock cutting device, wherein the rock cutting device is matched on the track in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the rock cutting device is limited by the track, and the rock cutting device is used for cutting the pipe trench with a step-shaped side wall on a rock. The cutting equipment utilizes the matching of the rail and the rock cutting device, the pipe trench cut in the rock foundation has high dimensional precision, and compared with crushing, the cutting equipment has small vibration, small disturbance and noise to the rock foundation, labor saving for workers to operate and simple operation; the side wall of the cut pipe trench is step-shaped, so that the excavation square amount and the backfill materials are less, and the construction cost is greatly saved.

Description

Cutting equipment for excavating pipe trench on rock foundation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering construction machinery, and particularly relates to cutting equipment for excavating a pipe trench on a rock foundation.

Background

Municipal pipe network construction, such as gas pipeline, water pipe and communication pipe network, all generally buries the pipe network underground outdoors. Therefore, the pipe ditch can not be opened for excavating in pipe network construction. The pipe trench excavation can be divided into direct excavation and broken excavation, wherein the direct excavation refers to excavation of soil or soil-rock mixture, and the broken excavation refers to excavation of rock. In the existing construction, an excavator with a crushing head is generally adopted to crush the rock. Because the size of the crushing head is large, the crushing head is seriously jumped by the reaction force of rocks during working, the width and the depth of the pipe ditch dug by the crushing mode can not be controlled, the construction principle of 'strictly forbidden over digging' in construction is easily violated, and the structural stability of the original structures around the pipe ditch is easily disturbed. And the excavator and the crushing head vibrate greatly and have large noise in the work.

In some places with narrow space, because the big arm of the excavator can not be extended, the rock can only be crushed by manually holding the air pick. The working principle of the air pick machine is consistent with that of the crushing head, when rock is crushed, the counter-acting force applied to the air pick machine is very large, the arm of a worker is numb and the body of the worker is sore after long-time working, and potential safety hazards are easily caused. The manual crushing mode not only consumes long time, but also has extremely low efficiency, and is unfavorable for the control of the construction progress and the construction cost. Therefore, it is very difficult and very costly to construct a pipe network in a rock foundation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides cutting equipment for excavating a pipe trench on a rock foundation, which aims to solve the problem that the width and the depth of the pipe trench excavated in the rock foundation are not easy to control.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a cutting device for excavating pipe ditches on a rock foundation comprises a rail and a rock cutting device, wherein the rock cutting device is matched on the rail in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the rock cutting device is limited by the rail, and the rock cutting device is used for cutting the pipe ditches with stepped side walls on rocks.

Further: the rock cutting device comprises a frame, wheels matched with the rails are arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the moving tracks of the wheels are limited by the rails; a horizontal dovetail chute is formed in the frame, the length direction of the dovetail chute is perpendicular to the length direction of the track, a horizontal operating platform is arranged on the frame, and the horizontal operating platform is connected with the dovetail chute in a sliding mode; a screw rod is matched with the internal thread of the horizontal operating platform and is rotationally connected with the frame, a first handle wheel is coaxially arranged at the end part of the screw rod, which is far away from the horizontal operating platform, the screw rod can be rotated through the handle wheel, and the horizontal operating platform is pulled to slide along the dovetail sliding groove in a reciprocating manner through the screw rod; the vertical depth control mechanism and the cutting mechanism are installed on the operating platform, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the rock, and the vertical depth control mechanism is used for controlling the depth of the cutting mechanism for cutting the rock.

Further: the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting blade group, a cutting shaft, a motor and a telescopic rod, the cutting blade group is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the cutting shaft, one end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the cutting shaft, and the other end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the horizontal operating platform; the motor is fixedly installed on the horizontal operating platform, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the cutting shaft through a chain wheel and a chain, and the cutting shaft is driven to rotate by the motor.

Further: the vertical depth control mechanism comprises a second handle wheel and a small worm gear speed reducer, the small worm gear speed reducer comprises a worm and a worm gear, the worm gear and the output shaft of the motor are positioned on the same rotating axis, and the second handle wheel is coaxially fixed at the input end of the worm; the output end of the worm wheel is coaxially and fixedly provided with a wheel disc, and one end of the telescopic rod, which is far away from the cutting shaft, is detachably fixed with the wheel disc.

Further: the cutting blade group comprises a first baffle disc, a circular saw blade, a pressure spring and a second baffle disc which are coaxially arranged along a cutting shaft in sequence, and the first baffle disc is fixedly connected with the cutting shaft; the circular saw blade is provided with a plurality of blades, all the circular saw blades are stacked and coaxially sleeved on the cutting shaft, and the circular saw blades are in sliding fit with the cutting shaft; the cutting shaft is sleeved with the pressure spring, one end of the pressure spring abuts against the circular saw blade, and the other end of the pressure spring abuts against the second baffle disc; the second stop disc is coaxially in threaded connection with the cutting shaft, and pressing force exerted on the circular saw blade by the pressure spring can be adjusted by rotating the second stop disc.

Further: and a level gauge and a cooling water spraying mechanism are arranged on the horizontal operating platform.

Has the advantages that:

1. the cutting equipment for excavating the pipe trench on the rock foundation provided by the scheme has the advantages that the rail is matched with the rock cutting device, the pipe trench cut in the rock foundation is high in dimensional precision, small in vibration compared with crushing, small in disturbance and noise to the rock foundation, labor-saving in operation of workers and simple in operation; the side wall of the cut pipe trench is step-shaped, so that the excavation square amount and the backfill materials are less, and the construction cost is greatly saved.

2. According to the rock cutting device, the first handle wheel, the lead screw and the horizontal operating platform are matched to finish horizontal movement of the cutting mechanism, the structure is simple, and the movement precision is high; adopt vertical degree of depth control mechanism and cutting mechanism's cooperation, on the one hand the accurate control cutting mechanism carries out the degree of depth of cutting to the rock, and on the other hand makes cutting mechanism's small, and cutting mechanism can go deep into the trench bottom, realizes the cutting to the rock according to the layering principle.

3. Vertical degree of depth control mechanism in this scheme has utilized the characteristic of the auto-lock of worm wheel among the worm gear reducer, the better change of the depth of cut that has avoided the reaction force of rock to arouse. Because the resistance that cutting mechanism received when the feed in the rock is very big, and work just can rotate the worm through very little strength, and the worm can enlarge this moment through the worm wheel for cutting mechanism can accomplish the feed in the rock smoothly, therefore this kind of vertical depth control mechanism adopts pure mechanical structure not only the reliability is strong, and is very laborsaving moreover.

4. The cutting piece group that the optimization that this scheme provided, the later maintenance of not only being convenient for guarantees simultaneously that cutting piece group can accomplish the cutting smoothly and form the protection mechanism, and the protection saw blade does not hit the sword and protect operating personnel not hurt when cutting hard rock.

5. Whether the installation of utilizing the spirit level to check track constantly is in the level through setting up the spirit level on the horizontal operation platform, simultaneously through the spirit level as the depth of cut with the different control points of check-up trench as the reference, convenient construction operation.

6. The circular saw blade is protected by additionally arranging the cooling water spraying mechanism to spray water for cooling the circular saw blade.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cutting apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cutting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a trench excavation cross-section in the prior art;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the trench excavation cross-section according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the track on the rock according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the present invention discloses a cutting apparatus for cutting a trench in a rock foundation, which includes a rail 1 and a rock cutting device slidably fitted on the rail 1. Correspondingly, the scheme also discloses an excavation construction method of the pipe trench 17, and the excavation construction method also utilizes the cutting equipment in the scheme.

During specific construction, firstly, an excavation center line and an excavation side line of the pipe trench 17 are defined on the rock according to a design drawing. It should be noted that: the pipe trench 17 is excavated in the scheme, and is generally excavated into a straight line in the rock foundation, namely the excavation center line is a straight line. If the two trenches 17 are staggered and a bend is made at the staggered point, then the two straight excavation centerlines will also intersect.

In a first step, at least one rail 1 is laid along the excavation centre line, and then the rock cutting apparatus is erected onto the rail 1. Completing the commissioning of the rock cutting apparatus: the rock cutting device is in sliding fit with the rail 1, and the rock cutting device is limited by the rail 1 to only slide back and forth along the length of the rail 1.

And in the second step, the rock cutting device is used for cutting the pipe trench 17 on the rock foundation along the excavation central line, the excavation cross section of the existing pipe trench 17 is shown as figure 3, the cross section of the pipe trench 17 cut in the construction scheme is shown as figure 4, and the side wall of the pipe trench 17 cut by the rock cutting device in the scheme is step-shaped.

The third step: after the excavation and cutting of the pipe trench 17 are finished, measuring whether the size of the excavated pipe trench 17 meets the design requirement, and if so, removing the track 1 and the rock cutting device; if not, manual local trimming is selected or the rock cutting device is used again for repeated cutting to ensure that the excavation size of the pipe trench 17 meets the design requirement.

The pipe trench 17 with the cross section shape can meet the installation requirement of the pipeline 18, and meanwhile, the disturbance on the original rock foundation is small, the used materials for excavation and later backfilling are less, and the construction cost is greatly saved; the cutting mode is adopted to replace the crushing mode, the vibration is small, the noise is restrained, and the reverse acting force is small when the worker operates.

When we excavate the pipe trench 17 with a step shape as shown in fig. 4, we should proceed according to the following principle: firstly, the pipe trench 17 to be excavated is divided into a plurality of construction layers from top to bottom, and the width of the cross section of each construction layer is reduced from top to bottom in sequence. The cross-sectional width of the last construction level should be greater than or equal to the duct 18 size so that the duct 18 can be smoothly installed into the trench 17.

In the optimized embodiment, the height of each construction layer is set as H, and the cross-sectional widths of the construction layers are respectively designed as 3B, 2B and B from top to bottom. This programming is necessary otherwise it is difficult with existing rock cutting devices to reach the cutting depth of the trench 17. Since our current trench 17 is typically as deep as 60cm in rock foundations, the working diameter of saw blades used in existing rock cutting devices typically does not exceed 30cm, otherwise the saw blades are easily broken or large diameter saw blades are very dangerous to handle when cutting rock and are not typically used. The pipe ditch 17 that this scheme will excavate is according to the layering excavation to the cross-section width of construction layer from top to bottom reduces in proper order, is exactly in order to let rock cutting device can accomplish the cutting of pipe ditch 17 and guarantee equipment and workman safety.

As shown in fig. 4, the pipe trench 17 is cut from top to bottom into three construction layers, and the designed cutting depth of each construction layer is H-20 cm. The rock cutting device accomplishes the cutting on first construction layer earlier, because the width on first construction layer provides sufficient cutting space for the rock cutting device, consequently the rock cutting device can wholly move down and accomplish the cutting on second construction layer. The above process is repeated and the entire trench 17 as shown in figure 4 is finally cut by the rock cutting apparatus. The working diameter of the saw blade adopted by the rock cutting device is always 20cm, and the safety requirement is met.

Accordingly, we also provide an optimised rock cutting apparatus. The rock cutting device comprises a frame 3, wheels 2 matched with a rail 1 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 3, and the moving track of the wheels 2 is limited by the rail 1; a horizontal dovetail chute is formed in the frame 3, the length direction of the dovetail chute is perpendicular to the length direction of the track 1, a horizontal operating platform 5 is arranged on the frame 3, and the horizontal operating platform 5 is in sliding connection with the dovetail chute; a screw rod is matched with the internal thread of the horizontal operating platform 5 and is rotationally connected with the frame 3, a first handle wheel 4 is coaxially arranged at the end part of the screw rod far away from the horizontal operating platform 5, the screw rod can be rotated through the first handle wheel 4, and the horizontal operating platform 5 is dragged to slide along the dovetail sliding groove in a reciprocating manner through the screw rod; the vertical depth control mechanism and the cutting mechanism are installed on the operating platform, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the rock, and the vertical depth control mechanism is used for controlling the depth of the cutting mechanism for cutting the rock.

During specific operation, firstly, the screw rod is rotated through the first handle wheel 4, the cutting mechanism is aligned to the excavated outer side wall of the pipe trench 17, then the cutting mechanism is started, the depth of the cutting mechanism extending into rocks is controlled through the vertical depth control mechanism to reach the design thickness of a construction layer, and then the frame 3 is pushed to move along the track 1 to complete the first cutting of the construction layer on the uppermost layer of the pipe trench 17; the thickness of the pipe trench 17 cut by the cutting mechanism is designed to be N, and the cutting of one construction layer needs to be completed at least (3B or 2B or B)/N times. Thus, the vertical distance of the cutting mechanism from the rail 1 has to be adjusted to accomplish the cutting of a construction layer, whereas in the present optimized rock cutting apparatus the vertical distance of the cutting mechanism from the rail 1 is adjusted by means of the first handle wheel 4 and the lead screw to the horizontal operating table 5. By adopting the structure, the adjustment is convenient, and the sliding precision of the horizontal operating platform 5 is higher.

This scheme has still further optimized vertical degree of depth control mechanism and cutting mechanism.

The cutting mechanism comprises a cutting blade group 11, a cutting shaft 13, a motor 12 and a telescopic rod 10, wherein the cutting blade group 11 is coaxially and fixedly installed on the cutting shaft 13, one end of the telescopic rod 10 is rotatably connected with the cutting shaft 13, and the other end of the telescopic rod 10 is rotatably connected with the horizontal operating platform 5; the motor 12 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal operating platform 5, an output shaft of the motor 12 is connected with the cutting shaft 13 through a chain wheel and a chain 9, and the motor 12 drives the cutting shaft 13 to rotate.

The cutting blade group 11 comprises a first baffle disc 14, a circular saw blade 14a, a pressure spring 15 and a second baffle disc 16 which are coaxially arranged along a cutting shaft 13 in sequence, wherein the first baffle disc 14 is fixedly connected with the cutting shaft 13; the circular saw blade 14a is provided with a plurality of blades, all the circular saw blades 14a are stacked and coaxially sleeved on the cutting shaft 13, and the circular saw blades 14a are in sliding fit with the cutting shaft 13; the pressure spring 15 is sleeved on the cutting shaft 13, one end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the circular saw blade 14a, and the other end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the second baffle disc 16; the second catch disk 16 is coaxially screwed to the cutting shaft 13, and the pressing force of the pressure spring 15 on the circular saw blade 14a can be adjusted by rotating the second catch disk 16.

The cutting mechanism is simple in structure, small in size due to the simple structure, easy to penetrate into the pipe trench 17 to complete rock cutting of the lowest construction layer, and convenient to maintain.

The vertical depth control mechanism comprises a second handle wheel 6 and a small worm gear speed reducer 7, the small worm gear speed reducer 7 comprises a worm and a worm gear, the worm gear and the output shaft of the motor 12 are positioned on the same rotating axis, and the second handle wheel 6 is coaxially fixed at the input end of the worm; the output end of the worm wheel is coaxially and fixedly provided with a wheel disc 8, and one end, far away from the cutting shaft 13, of the telescopic rod 10 is detachably fixed with the wheel disc 8.

Vertical degree of depth control mechanism in this scheme has utilized the characteristic of the auto-lock of worm wheel among the worm gear reducer, the better change of the depth of cut that has avoided the reaction force of rock to arouse. Because the resistance that cutting mechanism received when the feed in the rock is very big, and work just can rotate the worm through very little strength, and the worm can enlarge this moment through the worm wheel for cutting mechanism can accomplish the feed in the rock smoothly, therefore this kind of vertical depth control mechanism adopts pure mechanical structure not only the reliability is strong, and is very laborsaving moreover.

In order to facilitate later maintenance, the cutting piece group 11 can be guaranteed to smoothly complete cutting and form a protection mechanism, and the scheme also provides a structure for optimizing the later cutting piece group 11.

The cutting blade group 11 in the scheme comprises a first baffle disc 14, a circular saw blade 14a, a pressure spring 15 and a second baffle disc 16 which are coaxially arranged along a cutting shaft 13 in sequence, wherein the first baffle disc 14 is fixedly connected with the cutting shaft 13; the circular saw blade 14a is provided with a plurality of blades, all the circular saw blades 14a are stacked and coaxially sleeved on the cutting shaft 13, and the circular saw blades 14a are in sliding fit with the cutting shaft 13; the pressure spring 15 is sleeved on the cutting shaft 13, one end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the circular saw blade 14a, and the other end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the second baffle disc 16; the second catch disk 16 is coaxially screwed to the cutting shaft 13, and the pressing force of the pressure spring 15 on the circular saw blade 14a can be adjusted by rotating the second catch disk 16.

Such a group of cutting blades 11 has the following advantages:

the circular saw blades 14a of the cutting blade group 11 are stacked, and the effective working width formed by stacking the multiple circular saw blades 14a can be adjusted according to the number of the circular saw blades 14a so as to adapt to different cutting widths; the circular saw blades 14a are independent, when one or more circular saw blades 14a are damaged, the damaged circular saw blades 14a can be replaced independently, the cost is reduced, and the maintenance is convenient; the circular saw blade 14a is fixed to the cutting shaft 13 by means of a first stop disk 14, a second stop disk 16 and a compression spring 15. When encountering very hard rock, the circular saw blade 14a can realize slipping, namely, the pressure spring 15 and the circular saw blade 14a are in friction fixation, so that the circular saw blade 14a is prevented from being damaged. At the moment, hard rock at the position can be partially chiseled by adopting a manual hand-held air pick machine, so that the cutting mechanism is prevented from being damaged.

Of course, the present scheme is provided with a level gauge and a cooling water spraying mechanism on the horizontal operation table 5. It should be noted that: when we cut the rock, the reference surface of the rock may be uneven. As shown in particular in fig. 5, and the mounting of the rail 1 must be horizontal. Therefore, in the construction design stage, control points are required to be manufactured on the rock at each certain distance, and the control points are shown as arrows in the figure. And the cutting depth is marked at the control point. Many times the depth of cut at each control point is different. After the level gauge is arranged, the depth of the cut rock can be quickly determined through the rotation angle of the cutting mechanism when the level gauge is kept horizontal.

When the cutting mechanism is subjected to rock reverse force to jump or shift up and down, the whole track 1 is caused to shift, the horizontal state of the track 1 is damaged, and the damage is reflected on the level gauge. Therefore, when the level gauge does not display the level, the user can quickly know that the cutting depth at the position has the undercutting or over-cutting and needs to be corrected again. The level gauge is therefore in fact a reference criterion for whether the trench 17 cut is in accordance with the designed correction mechanism and also whether the installed rail 1 is level. And the cooling water spraying mechanism is used for spraying water for cooling the circular saw blade 14a and protecting the circular saw blade 14a, namely, the cooling water spraying mechanism is used for cooling the rock cutting device.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a cutting equipment of rock foundation excavation trench which characterized in that: comprising a rail (1) and a rock cutting device which is slidably fitted on the rail (1), the sliding direction of the rock cutting device is limited by means of the rail (1), and a pipe trench (17) whose side wall is stepped is cut in the rock by means of the rock cutting device.

2. The cutting apparatus for trenching a rock foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rock cutting device comprises a frame (3), wheels (2) matched with the rails (1) are arranged at the bottom of the frame (3), and the moving tracks of the wheels (2) are limited by the rails (1); a horizontal dovetail sliding groove is formed in the frame (3), the length direction of the dovetail sliding groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the track (1), a horizontal operating platform (5) is arranged on the frame (3), and the horizontal operating platform (5) is in sliding connection with the dovetail sliding groove; a screw rod is matched with the horizontal operating platform (5) in a threaded manner, the screw rod is rotatably connected with the frame (3), a first handle wheel (4) is coaxially arranged at the end part of the screw rod, which is far away from the horizontal operating platform (5), the screw rod can be rotated through the handle wheel, and the horizontal operating platform (5) is pulled by the screw rod to slide along the dovetail sliding groove in a reciprocating manner, so that the cutting position of rocks is adjusted; the vertical depth control mechanism and the cutting mechanism are installed on the operating platform, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the rock, and the vertical depth control mechanism is used for controlling the depth of the cutting mechanism for cutting the rock.

3. The cutting apparatus for trenching a rock foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting blade group (11), a cutting shaft (13), a motor (12) and telescopic rods (10), the cutting blade group (11) is coaxially and fixedly installed on the cutting shaft (13), one end of each telescopic rod (10) on two sides is rotatably connected with the cutting shaft (13), and the other end of each telescopic rod (10) is rotatably connected with the horizontal operating platform (5); the motor (12) is fixedly arranged on the horizontal operating platform (5), an output shaft of the motor (12) is connected with the cutting shaft (13) through a chain wheel and a chain (9), and the cutting shaft (13) is driven to rotate by the motor (12).

4. The cutting apparatus for trenching a rock foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the vertical depth control mechanism comprises a second handle wheel (6) and a small worm gear speed reducer (7), the small worm gear speed reducer (7) comprises a worm and a worm gear, the worm gear and the output shaft of the motor (12) are located on the same rotation axis, and the second handle wheel (6) is coaxially fixed at the input end of the worm; the output end of the worm wheel is coaxially and fixedly provided with a wheel disc (8), and one end, far away from the cutting shaft (13), of the telescopic rod (10) is detachably fixed with the wheel disc (8).

5. The cutting apparatus for trenching a rock foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cutting blade group (11) comprises a first blocking disc (14), a circular saw blade (14a), a pressure spring (15) and a second blocking disc (16) which are coaxially arranged along a cutting shaft (13), and the first blocking disc (14) is fixedly connected with the cutting shaft (13); the circular saw blade (14a) is provided with a plurality of blades, all the circular saw blades (14a) are stacked and coaxially sleeved on the cutting shaft (13), and the circular saw blades (14a) are in sliding fit with the cutting shaft (13); the pressure spring (15) is sleeved on the cutting shaft (13), one end of the pressure spring (15) abuts against the circular saw blade (14a), and the other end of the pressure spring (15) abuts against the second stop disc (16); the second baffle disc (16) is coaxially in threaded connection with the cutting shaft (13), and pressing force exerted on the circular saw blade (14a) by the pressure spring (15) can be adjusted by rotating the second baffle disc (16).

6. The apparatus for cutting a trench for excavating a rock foundation according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: and a level gauge and a cooling water spraying mechanism are arranged on the horizontal operating platform (5).

Images