CN112300405A - 一种铜配位聚合物及其制备方法、晶体、用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铜配位聚合物所述聚合物包括式I重复结构单元:该聚合物具有多核结构,聚合物分子结构稳定性好;本发明还公开了所述聚合物的制备方法,将2,2′‑联苯二甲酸、铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到,有机组分和水的混合液中,调节pH值4~8,反应,后放置室温,即得此方法合成的聚合物具有方法简单,便于提纯,产率较高,在空气中稳定性好;本发明还公开了所述聚合物的晶体,本发明所述聚合物用途是用于反铁磁性材料、抗菌药物的制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学领域,特别是涉及一种铜配位聚合物及其制备方法、晶体、用途。
背景技术
配位聚合物是无机或含有金属阳离子中心金属有机聚合物借由有机配体相连的结构。更正式的配位聚合物说法是具有重复的1,2或3个维度上延伸的配位实体。
配位聚合物的重复单元是配位错合物。配位聚合物包含子类的配位网络就是配位化合物的延伸,为1个维度上透过配位实体重复,与具有两个或更多个单独的链、环、螺形链接或透过配位实体在2或3维度上延伸在配位化合物之间的交叉连接。这些含有空洞的有机配体所产生的配位网络有潜力应用在金属-有机骨架,或MOFs材料方面。配位聚合物与许多领域相关,例如有机和无机化学,生物化学,材料学,电化学,和药理学,都有很大应用潜力
铜是重要的生命元素,在生物体内以多种形式参与代谢过程,包括糖类,脂类,蛋白质与核酸的合成与降解,对生命体系有着特殊的生物活性和催化作用。模拟合成以铜,铜等为中心离子的配位聚合物并对其结构进行研究,将成为人们认识生命体系中与这些金属离子相关的生命现象提供重要的信息。在以往的研究过程中,绝大部分集中在其荧光探针,吸附,生物传感,PVC热稳定剂,磁性材料及抗癌药物方面的应用,但在其铜配位聚合物及其晶体、反铁磁性、抗菌、抑菌用途的研究较少。本发明报道了一种新型的铜配位聚合物及其制备方法、晶体、用途。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明主要目的是提供新型的铜配位聚合物及其制备方法、晶体、用途。
本采用的一个技术方案是:提供一种铜配位聚合物所述聚合物包括式I重复结构单元,
进一步的,所述聚合物化学式为[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n,其中此处化学式中的n为聚合度,表示聚合物分子中连续出现的重复单元次数;进一步的,所述n可以在1~109范围内取值。
在研究聚合物的基础上,本发明提出了另一个技术方案是:提供所述聚合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤,
将2,2′-联苯二甲酸、铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到,有机组分和水的混合液中,调节pH值4~8,反应,后放置室温,即得;
其中,所述反应温度为140~160℃,反应时间为48~84小时,在本发明的一个具体实施例中反应时间为72小时;
所述2,2′-联苯二甲酸,铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑摩尔比为(1~3):(2~8):(1~4);
所述有机组分包括DMF、乙腈、DMAC、乙醇或甲醇,所述有机组分与水体积比为(1~6):(1~3);
所述铜盐包括氯化亚铜、溴化亚铜、碘化亚铜中的一种或多种的混合。
进一步的,所述调解pH值所用试剂包括碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、氨水、三乙胺、氢氧化钾中一种或多种的混合;
本发明中,所述制备方法包括如下步骤,将2,2′-联苯二甲酸、铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到,有机组分和水的混合液中,调节pH值6~7,反应,后放置室温,即得;
其中,所述反应温度140℃,反应72小时;
所述2,2′-联苯二甲酸,铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑摩尔比可为(1~3):(2~8):(1~4);
所述2,2′-联苯二甲酸,铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑摩尔比可以为(2~3):(2~4):(1~2),优选为2:3:1;
所述有机组分为DMF;
所述铜盐为溴化亚铜;所述调解pH值所用试剂为氨水;
当所述摩尔比中摩尔为mmol时,体积比中的体积为mL。
在研究聚合物的基础上,本发明还提出了聚合物的晶体,所述晶体,晶胞参数:a=12.1124(17),b=12.9574(15),β=107.415(4)°, Dc=1.752g/cm3,Z=4,μ(Mo Ka)=2.701,F(000)=1248,5.938≤2θ≤50.012,μ(Mo Ka)=2.701,GOOF=1.085,晶体尺寸:0.20mm×0.19mm×0.18mm,R=0.0329andwR=0.0421;
进一步的,所述晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,此处所述n表示本领域范围内在晶体空间群P21/n中具有的特有含义;
进一步的,所述晶体DTG吸热峰在280℃±2;
进一步的,所述晶体的IR吸收峰包括:3323(s),1602.8(vs),1483.2(vs),1423.5(m),1336.7(m),1286.5(w),1141.9(m),1049.3(w),1024.2(m),800.5(m),760.0(w),719.5(m),522.7(w)。
在研究聚合物的基础上,本发明还提出了聚合物的用途,聚合物的一种用途是用于反铁磁性材料的制备。聚合物的另一种用途是用于抗菌药物的制备。
本发明的有益效果是:
1)本发明的铜配位聚合物以多氮化合物3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑为配体形成了三维网状结构,聚合物分子结构稳定性好。
2)本发明的铜配位聚合物具有很好的反铁铁磁耦合性能,可以作为磁性材料广泛应用于磁性材料,扩宽了反铁磁材料的选择范围。
3)本发明的铜配位聚合物同时还具有较好的抗菌性能,应用于金黄葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性研究具有良好的抑制效果。
4)本发明的铜配位聚合物制备方法操作简单、反应条件温和,得到的产品产率高,晶体颗粒均匀。
附图说明
图1是本发明铜配位聚合物的分子结构示意图;
图2是本发明铜配位聚合物的空间网状结构图;
图3是本发明铜配位聚合物的空间排列结构图;
图4是本发明铜配位聚合物的磁性分析XmT,Xm对T的曲线图。
具体实施方式
实施例1铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的制备
依次将0.2mmol(48.0mg)2,2′-联苯二甲酸,0.3mmol(约28.7mg)溴化亚铜加入,0.1mmol(14.6mg)3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到30mL水热反应釜中,DMF和水的混合溶液中(体积比3:1),用氨水调节pH值6~7,温度控制在140℃,反应72小时,按一定的速度降到室温,得到蓝色晶体,即为所述的铜配位聚合物,产率81.24%,熔点:278~280℃;元素分析(C84H60Cu12N48):理论值(%):C,40.22;H,2.41;N,26.81;测定值(%):C,40.14;H,2.40;N,26.89。IR主要吸收峰为:3323(s),1602.8(vs),1483.2(vs),1423.5(m),1336.7(m),1286.5(w),1141.9(m),1049.3(w),1024.2(m),800.5(m),760.0(w),719.5(m),522.7(w).
实施例2铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的制备
依次将0.3mmol(72.0mg)2,2′-联苯二甲酸,0.2mmol(约38.0mg)碘化亚铜加入,0.1mmol(14.6mg)3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到30mL水热反应釜中,乙腈和水的混合溶液中(体积比1:4),用氢氧化钾调节pH值6.5~7.5,温度控制在160℃,反应48小时,按一定的速度降到室温,得到蓝色晶体,即为所述的铜配位聚合物,产率78.12%。
实施例3铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的制备
依次将0.2mmol(48.0mg)2,2′-联苯二甲酸,0.4mmol(约39.6mg)氯化亚铜加入,0.2mmol(29.2mg)3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到30mL水热反应釜中,甲醇和水的混合溶液中(体积比1:1),用三乙胺调节pH值5~6.5,温度控制在150℃,反应72小时,按一定的速度降到室温,得到蓝色晶体,即为所述的铜配位聚合物,产率80.32%。
实施例4
对实施1~3制得的铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n晶体进行结构测定。
在显微镜下选取尺寸约为0.20mm×0.19mm×0.18mm的单晶,置于a Bruker SMARTCCD 6000单晶衍射仪上进行衍射实验,在248.15K下用Mo Kα射线(λ=0.071076nm),以扫描方式在5.938≤2θ≤50.012°范围内共收集11096个衍射点,其中8994个独立衍射点[Rint=0.0223,Rsigma=0.0300],4124个可观察衍射点[I>2σ(I)]用于结构分析和结构修正。全部数据经Lp因子和经验吸收校正。晶体结构采用SHELXS-97程序由直接法解出,结构精修采用SHELXL-97程序,对氢原子和非氢原子分别采用各向同性和各向异性温度因子进行全矩阵最小二乘法修正。最终偏离因子R=0.0329,wR=0.0421(w=1/s2(F0 2)+(0.0456P)2+3.2522P],P=(Fo 2+2Fc 2)/3);(Δ/σ)max=0.00,S=1.085,(Δρ)max=0.43和
聚合物分子结构见图1,主要键长和键角列于表1。从晶体结构图1可知,标题聚合物分子是由6个Cu(I)离子、6个3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子组成。每个铜(I)离子与3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑配位的分子数不同,其中Cu(1)的四个配位原子主要来自4个3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子3个氮原子和1个碳原子,Cu(2)的四个配位氮原子来自四个不同的3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子,Cu(3)与Cu(4)的四个配位氮原子来自三个不同的3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子,Cu(5)与Cu(6)的四个配位氮原子来自二个不同的3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子,均形成四配位的变形三角锥结构。各个中心Cu离子之间通过3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子桥联,形成网状的空间结构(见图2)。从图3可以看出Cu(1)与Cu(3),Cu(2)与Cu(4)通过3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑桥联形成相互间隔的有序排列,两个相邻的铜原子之间的距离分别为: 通过这种紧密的桥联作用,使聚合物的分子结构更加稳定。
实施例5
实施例1~3制得的铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的变温磁化率:
测定了铜配位聚合物变温磁化率,结果表明:在3~300K,场强为2KOe的条件下测定了聚合物的变温磁化率(图4)。室温下,聚合物的xT值为0.5565cm3 Kmol-1,随着温度的降低,xT渐渐降低,3K时的xT值为0.5070cm3 K mol-1。该聚合物x-1对T的曲线遵循Curie-Weiss定律XM=C/(T-θ),线性拟合得到参数为C=0.555emuKmol-1,θ=-1.8735K,这些特征说明聚合物一维链整体表现为铜离子之间存在反铁磁行为。
我们采用基于自旋s=1/2链(方程(l))和分子场近似链间的相互作用(方程(2)):哈密顿算符H=-J∑SiSi+1的HeisenbergCu(II)铁磁链模型拟合聚合物的变温磁化率数据,考虑链间的相互作用,110K以上磁性数据拟合最佳的参数为:J=63cm-1,g=2.30和zJ=2.3cm-1,正的J值也证实了[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n聚合物链中Cu(I)之间传递的是反铁磁耦合。
实施例6
实施例1~3制得的铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的热稳定分析:
在空气气氛中,室温至620℃范围内的失重主要体现为1个阶段进行。270~310℃为第一阶段,失重率累积约61.96%,对应所失去的可能是3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑分子(理论值为69.46%),同时在280℃DTG曲线上出现了强的吸热峰,对应于聚合物的融热吸收峰,这与聚合物的熔点相一致。由于在空气气氛中,最终产物为氧化铜,最后的残余物残留率约38.04%(理论值为30.54%)。
实施例7
实施例1~3制得的铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n的抗菌活性:
实验方法:本实验的抗菌性能测试采用培养基扩散法和营养肉汤稀释法两处方法来测试,抑菌能力大小,结果以抑菌直径和最小抑菌浓度的形式列于表2中。
其中由培养基扩散法测定的结果经抑菌圈的直径大小表示;而由营养肉汤稀释法测定的结果以聚合物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)来表示,一般当样品的MIC小于800μg/mL,就可认为样品具有抑菌作用。抑菌实验结果显示:(1)其中2,2′-联苯二甲酸对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌作用较差;3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌直径分别为21mm和12mm,对应的最小抑菌浓度为100μg·mL-1和480μg·mL-1,充分说明3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑对大肠杆菌有抑菌作用,而对金黄葡萄球菌只有中等强度的抑菌;(2)聚合物对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌都具有较好的抑制作用,抑菌圈的直径大于20mm。最小抑菌浓度均小于100mg/L-1,优于同类铜配位聚合物[王彩霞,广东化工,2012,39(18):3-5,sucts-Cu(Ⅱ)-hpb(1)和sucts-Cu(Ⅱ)-tbz(2),其中sucts=琥珀酰化壳聚糖,hpb=2-(2’-吡啶)-苯并咪唑,tbz=2-(4′-噻唑基)苯并咪唑]对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌浓度具体见表格中,说明铜配位聚合物[Cu6(C7H5N4)6]n对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌作用强,可以作为抗菌剂使用。
表2原料及铜配位聚合物的抑菌直径和最小抑菌浓度
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤,
将2,2′-联苯二甲酸、铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到,有机组分和水的混合液中,调节pH值4~8,反应,后放置室温,即得;
其中,所述反应温度为140~160℃,反应时间为48~84小时,优选为72小时;
所述2,2′-联苯二甲酸,铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑摩尔比为(1~3):(2~8):(1~4);
所述有机组分包括DMF、乙腈、DMAC、乙醇或甲醇。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铜盐包括氯化亚铜、溴化亚铜、碘化亚铜中的一种或多种的混合。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述调解pH值所用试剂包括碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、氨水、三乙胺、氢氧化钾中一种或多种的混合。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机组分与水体积比为(1~6):(1~3)。
6.根据权利要求2~5任一权利要求所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤,将2,2′-联苯二甲酸、铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑加入到,有机组分和水的混合液中,调节pH值6~7,反应,后放置室温,即得;
其中,所述反应温度140℃,反应72小时;所述2,2′-联苯二甲酸,铜盐、3–(2–吡啶基)–1,2,4–三唑摩尔比为(1~3):(2~8):(1~4);所述有机组分为DMF;所述铜盐为溴化亚铜;所述调解pH值所用试剂为氨水;当所述摩尔比中摩尔为mmol时,体积比中的体积为mL。
8.根据权利要求7所述的晶体,其特征在于,所述晶体DTG吸热峰在280℃±2。
9.根据权利要求1所述聚合物的用途,其特征在于,所述聚合物具有反铁磁性,用于反铁磁性材料的制备。
10.根据权利要求1所述聚合物的用途,其特征在于,所述聚合物具有抗菌性能,应用于金黄葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性研究具有抑制效果,用于抗菌药物的制备。
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