CN112297849B - High-voltage safety system of fuel cell vehicle, fault diagnosis method and automobile - Google Patents

High-voltage safety system of fuel cell vehicle, fault diagnosis method and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112297849B
CN112297849B CN202010974543.9A CN202010974543A CN112297849B CN 112297849 B CN112297849 B CN 112297849B CN 202010974543 A CN202010974543 A CN 202010974543A CN 112297849 B CN112297849 B CN 112297849B
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fuel cell
voltage
whole vehicle
controller
signal
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CN112297849A (en
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熊洁
史建鹏
张剑
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0053Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00Converter types
    • B60L2210/10DC to DC converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage safety system of a fuel cell vehicle, a fault diagnosis method and an automobile. The fuel cell vehicle high-voltage safety system includes: a fuel cell high voltage safety system comprising a fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button connected with the fuel cell controller, and a fuel cell high voltage interlock system connecting the manual maintenance button and the fuel cell controller; the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system comprises a whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system, wherein the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a whole vehicle controller through a fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button and a whole vehicle controller through a connection. The invention can realize high-voltage safety fault identification and safety design of a fuel cell vehicle type, simultaneously realize different fault processing modes aiming at different parts of faults respectively, and forcibly execute the emergency high-voltage reduction strategy of the whole vehicle under no need of all conditions, thereby effectively avoiding high-voltage safety faults and greatly improving the safety performance of the whole vehicle.

Description

High-voltage safety system of fuel cell vehicle, fault diagnosis method and automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a high-voltage safety system of a fuel cell vehicle, a fault diagnosis method and a vehicle.
Background
With the continuous development of fuel cell technology, fuel cell vehicles have become a major trend in domestic development. At present, the market of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles at home and abroad mainly adopts an 'electricity-electricity hybrid' mode as a main mode, namely a hybrid mode with a main fuel cell and an auxiliary power cell, so that the high-voltage interlocking safety design is also greatly different from a new-energy pure electric vehicle type.
The traditional new energy electric vehicle only has one high-voltage interlocking system, and one controller is used for high-voltage interlocking detection and fault treatment, so that the failure risk exists. At present, the design that a cover opening detection switch and a high-voltage interlocking signal are connected in series respectively exists in the prior art, and the design that a high-voltage manual maintenance button and a high-voltage interlocking signal are connected in series are disconnected under emergency, but the three are separated from each other, so that some potential safety hazards exist in the high-voltage design of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-voltage safety system of a fuel cell vehicle, a fault diagnosis method and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology, realizing high-voltage safety fault identification and safety design of a fuel cell vehicle model, simultaneously realizing different fault processing modes aiming at different parts of faults respectively, and forcibly executing an emergency high-voltage reduction strategy of the whole vehicle under all conditions, thereby effectively avoiding high-voltage safety faults and greatly improving the safety performance of the whole vehicle.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell vehicle high-pressure safety system comprising:
a fuel cell high voltage safety system comprising a fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button connected with the fuel cell controller, and a fuel cell high voltage interlock system connecting the manual maintenance button and the fuel cell controller;
the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system comprises a whole vehicle controller connected with the fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button connected with the whole vehicle controller, and a whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system connected with the manual maintenance button and the whole vehicle controller;
wherein the fuel cell high voltage interlock system comprises a fuel cell stack coupled to the manual maintenance button, a fuel cell boost DCDC coupled to the fuel cell stack, and a fuel cell auxiliary device coupled to the fuel cell boost DCDC, the fuel cell auxiliary device coupled to the fuel cell controller;
the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system comprises a power battery pack connected with the whole vehicle controller, a whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery pack, and whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box, wherein the whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment is connected with the manual maintenance button.
In some embodiments, the manual maintenance button is connected to a cap-open detection switch of the fuel cell stack, the cap-open detection switch of the fuel cell stack is connected to a cap-open detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC, and the cap-open detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC is connected to the fuel cell auxiliary equipment.
In some embodiments, the switch state detection end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlock system is connected to the low-voltage communication interface of the fuel cell controller, and is configured to monitor state information of the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack and the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC;
the input end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety output signal pin of the fuel cell controller and is used for sending out a high-voltage interlocking signal; the output end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety input signal pin of the fuel cell controller and is used for monitoring the state of a high-voltage interlocking signal;
the input end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety output signal pin of the whole vehicle controller and is used for sending out a high-voltage safety signal of the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system; the output end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety input signal pin of the whole vehicle controller and used for monitoring the high-voltage safety signal state of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system.
In some embodiments, the fuel cell stack lid opening detection switch and the fuel cell boost DCDC lid opening detection switch each include a first switch channel, a second switch channel, and a third switch channel;
when the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC are closed, the first switch channel and the second switch channel are conducted; when the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC fall off, the first switch channel and the third switch channel are conducted.
In some embodiments, the fuel cell auxiliary equipment comprises an air compressor controller, a first PTC heater, a hydrogen circulation pump, a fuel cell high pressure water pump, and a fuel cell high pressure fan all connected with the fuel cell boost DCDC, the air compressor controller, the first PTC heater, the hydrogen circulation pump, the fuel cell high pressure water pump, and the fuel cell high pressure fan all connected with the fuel cell controller;
whole car high-voltage auxiliary assembly include with 12V step-down DCDC, air condition compressor, second PTC heater and the machine controller that whole car high voltage distribution box is connected, 12V step-down DCDC air condition compressor second PTC heater reaches machine controller all with manual maintenance button is connected.
In some embodiments, the manual maintenance button comprises a first button input end, a second button input end, a first button output end, a second button output end and a button state detection end, the first button input end is connected with the output end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system, the first button output end is connected with the high-voltage safety input signal pin of the fuel cell controller, the second button input end is connected with the output end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system, and the second button output end is connected with the high-voltage safety input signal pin of the whole vehicle controller.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle, which is applied to a vehicle controller and comprises the following steps:
detecting whether the whole vehicle is in a running state;
when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state, detecting whether a high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is detected not to be the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, the high-voltage interlocking is judged to be safe, the high-voltage connector is loosened, a high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and at the moment, emergency high-voltage discharging is carried out.
In some embodiments, after the step of "detecting whether the entire vehicle is in a driving state", the method includes the following steps:
when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state, controlling a fuel cell controller to detect whether a high-voltage safety input signal of a fuel cell is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the fuel cell controller detects that the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is not a pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether a state signal of the cover opening detection switch is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the state signal of the cover opening detection switch is not the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, high-voltage interlocking safety, loosening of a high-voltage connector or disconnection of a high-voltage interlocking signal line are judged, a high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage discharging is executed at the moment.
In some embodiments, after the step of "detecting whether the entire vehicle is in a driving state", the method includes the following steps:
if the whole vehicle is detected to be in a static state, detecting a whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal, and simultaneously controlling a fuel cell controller to detect a fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal;
judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal or not, and judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
if the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, the problem of high-voltage safety fault of the whole vehicle system is judged, and the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle is executed; if the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, the fuel cell system is judged to have the high-voltage safety fault problem or the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell boosting DCDC need to be uncovered for detection and maintenance, and at the moment, the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle is executed.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an automobile comprising a fuel cell vehicle high voltage safety system as described above.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-voltage safety system is divided into a fuel cell system high-voltage safety system and a whole vehicle high-voltage safety system, so that the high-voltage safety protection range is increased, and a fuel cell controller (and a cover opening detection switch thereof), a fuel cell boosting DCDC (and a cover opening detection switch thereof), a fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system and a manual maintenance button (low-voltage disconnection high-voltage equipment) are connected in series, namely the three parts are associated, so that different fault processing modes are respectively realized aiming at faults of different parts of a fuel cell vehicle, and an emergency high-voltage pressing strategy of the whole vehicle is forcibly executed under no condition, so that high-voltage safety faults are effectively avoided, and the safety performance of the whole vehicle is greatly improved.
And when the whole vehicle runs and is in a static state, the whole vehicle controller and the fuel cell controller cooperate with each other to detect a whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal, a state signal of a manual maintenance button and a state signal of a cover opening detection switch, and judge whether the whole vehicle has a whole vehicle high-voltage safety fault problem, whether misoperation exists in the running process, whether the fuel cell system high-voltage safety fault problem occurs, and whether the fuel cell boosting DCDC or the upper cover and the lower cover of the electric pile assembly fall off according to the detection result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the construction of a high-voltage safety system for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a logic determination flow chart of a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the method steps described herein may be implemented by any functional block or functional arrangement, and that any functional block or functional arrangement may be implemented as a physical entity or a logical entity, or a combination of both.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention.
Note that: the example to be described next is only a specific example, and does not limit the embodiments of the present invention necessarily to the following specific steps, values, conditions, data, orders, and the like. Those skilled in the art can, upon reading this specification, utilize the concepts of the present invention to construct more embodiments than those specifically described herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a fuel cell vehicle high voltage safety system, which includes a fuel cell high voltage safety system and a vehicle high voltage safety system. Also, the Fuel Cell high voltage safety system includes a Fuel Cell controller (FCU), a manual maintenance button connected to the Fuel Cell controller, and a Fuel Cell high voltage interlock system connecting the manual maintenance button and the Fuel Cell controller; the Vehicle high-voltage safety system comprises a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) connected with a fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button connected with the Vehicle control unit, and a Vehicle high-voltage interlocking system connected with the manual maintenance button and the Vehicle control unit; the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system comprises a fuel cell stack connected with a manual maintenance button, a fuel cell boosting DCDC connected with the fuel cell stack, and fuel cell auxiliary equipment connected with the fuel cell boosting DCDC, wherein the fuel cell auxiliary equipment is connected with a fuel cell controller; moreover, the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system comprises a power battery pack connected with a whole vehicle controller, a whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery pack, and whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box, wherein the whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment is connected with a manual maintenance button.
The manual maintenance button is connected to a lid opening detection switch of the fuel cell stack, the lid opening detection switch of the fuel cell stack is connected to a lid opening detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC, and the lid opening detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC is connected to the fuel cell auxiliary device. The fuel cell high-voltage safety system utilizes a high-voltage safety hard wire of the fuel cell system to connect the three parts of the cover opening detection switch of the fuel cell, the cover opening detection switch of the fuel cell boosting DCDC, the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system and the manual maintenance button (low-voltage disconnection high-voltage equipment) in series.
Therefore, the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system is divided into a fuel cell system high-voltage safety system and a whole vehicle high-voltage safety system, so that the two high-voltage interlocking systems CAN be independently controlled, and meanwhile, the information interaction is carried out between the VCU and the FCU of the whole vehicle controller through the CAN bus, and the high-voltage safety information interaction of the two systems CAN also be realized. The fuel cell controller FCU detects a high-voltage safety input/output signal of a fuel cell system and a state signal of an uncovering detection switch, the signal states are sent to a vehicle control unit VCU, a starting instruction and a stopping instruction sent by the vehicle control unit VCU are received at the same time, the vehicle control unit VCU is used for vehicle fault diagnosis and fault management, and the vehicle control unit VCU can identify which system fails and which part fails by detecting a vehicle control high-voltage interlocking hardware signal, state information of a manual maintenance button and high-voltage safety state information of the fuel cell system sent by the fuel cell controller FCU when the high-voltage safety signal is lost, and implement different fault processing mechanisms aiming at the faults of different parts.
The fuel cell auxiliary equipment may include an air compressor controller, a first PTC heater, a hydrogen circulation pump, a fuel cell high-pressure water pump, and a fuel cell high-pressure fan, all of which are connected to the fuel cell boost DCDC, and the air compressor controller, the first PTC heater, the hydrogen circulation pump, the fuel cell high-pressure water pump, and the fuel cell high-pressure fan are all connected to the fuel cell controller. Moreover, the whole fuel cell high-voltage safety system comprises a high-voltage safety signal input end, a high-voltage safety signal output end and an uncovering detection switch state detection end. The fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal is sequentially connected with a double-output high-voltage connector C1 and a double-output high-voltage connector C2 of a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell stack cover opening detection switch, a high-voltage connector C1, a high-voltage connector C2, a high-voltage connector C3, a high-voltage connector C4, a high-voltage connector C5, a high-voltage connector C6, a high-voltage connector C7 and a high-voltage connector C8 on a fuel cell boosting DCDC, a cover opening detection switch of the fuel cell boosting DCDC, a high-voltage connector C1 of an air compressor controller, a high-voltage connector C1 of a first PTC heater, a high-voltage connector C1 of a hydrogen circulating pump and a high-voltage connector C1 of a fuel cell high-voltage fan through the input end of a fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system, and is connected with the high-voltage interlocking output end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system after being connected in series.
And the switch state detection end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with the low-voltage communication interface of the fuel cell controller FCU and is used for monitoring the state information of the uncovering detection switch of the boosting DCDC and the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack by the fuel cell controller FCU. If the high-voltage safety signal input pin of the FCU can not detect the PWM signal, and the cover opening detection switch state signal pin detects the PWM signal, the upper cover is released.
Moreover, the input end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected to a high-voltage safety output signal pin of the fuel cell controller FCU, and the input end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is used for sending out a high-voltage interlocking signal of the fuel cell controller FCU to the fuel cell system; the output end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage interlocking input signal pin of the fuel cell controller FCU, and the high-voltage interlocking input signal pin is used for monitoring the state of a high-voltage interlocking signal of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system by the fuel cell controller FCU. The high voltage safety signal is a PWM signal.
In some embodiments, the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack and the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC each include a first switch channel, a second switch channel, and a third switch channel. When the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC are closed, the first switch channel and the second switch channel are conducted; when the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC fall off, the first switch channel and the third switch channel are conducted.
And, the detection switch that uncaps of fuel cell stack mainly used fuel cell stack assembly upper cover is opened and is detected, is similar to a limit switch, and when upper and lower lid was covered, uncap detection switch belonged to a normally closed switch, and first switch channel and second switch channel switch on. When the upper cover of the fuel cell stack is opened or loosened, the cover opening detection switch is disconnected, the first switch channel and the second switch channel are disconnected, the first switch channel and the third switch channel are connected, the high-voltage safety hardware signal of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is disconnected, the high-voltage safety input pin of the fuel cell controller cannot detect the high-voltage safety signal, and the cover opening detection switch state pin of the FCU can detect the PWM signal.
In addition, fuel cell steps up DCDC's uncapping detection switch mainly used fuel cell steps up DCDC's assembly upper cover and opens the detection, is similar to a limit switch, and when upper and lower lid was covered, uncapped detection switch belonged to a normally closed switch, and first switch passageway and second switch passageway switch on. When the upper cover of the fuel cell boosting DCDC is opened or loosened, the cover opening detection switch is disconnected, the first switch channel and the second switch channel are disconnected, the first switch channel and the third switch channel are connected, the high-voltage safety hardware signal of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is disconnected, the high-voltage safety input pin of the fuel cell controller FCU cannot detect the high-voltage safety signal, and the cover opening detection switch state pin of the fuel cell controller FCU detects the PWM signal.
In addition, above-mentioned whole car high pressure auxiliary assembly can include 12V step-down DCDC, air condition compressor, second PTC heater and the machine controller who is connected with whole car high voltage distribution box, and 12V step-down DCDC, air condition compressor, second PTC heater and machine controller all are connected with manual maintenance button. And the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system connects the whole vehicle high-voltage load high-voltage connectors in series, and comprises a high-voltage safety signal input end and a high-voltage safety signal output end, wherein the high-voltage safety signal input end is sequentially connected with the BDU power battery pack, the high-voltage connectors C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 on the high-voltage distribution box in series, and is connected to the high-voltage safety signal output end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system after being connected with the high-voltage connector C1 of the 12V step-down DCDC, the high-voltage connector C1 of the air conditioning compressor, the high-voltage connector C1 of the first PTC heater and the high-voltage connector C1 of the Motor Controller (MCU).
The input end of the vehicle control unit high-voltage interlocking system is connected to a vehicle control unit high-voltage safety output pin and used for sending a high-voltage safety signal of the vehicle control unit high-voltage interlocking system. And the output end of the vehicle control unit high-voltage interlocking system is connected to a vehicle control unit high-voltage safety input pin and used for monitoring the high-voltage safety signal state of the vehicle control unit high-voltage interlocking system. The high voltage safety signal is a PWM type signal.
In addition, foretell manual maintenance button includes first button input, second button input, first button output, second button output and button state detection end, and first button input is connected the output of fuel cell high pressure interlocking system, and the high-pressure safety input signal pin of fuel cell controller is connected to first button output, and the output of whole car high pressure interlocking system is connected to second button input, and the high-pressure safety input signal pin of whole car controller is connected to the second button output. That is, the manual maintenance button includes five interfaces: two input terminals, two output terminals and a state detection terminal. A first button channel I of the manual maintenance button is connected with the input end of the first button, and a second button channel II of the manual maintenance button is connected with the output end of the first button; and a first button channel of the manual maintenance button is connected with the input end of a second button, and a second button channel is connected with the output end of the second button. Under the normal state, the first button channel I and the first button channel II, and the second button channel I and the second button channel II belong to a normally closed state; when the high-voltage system needs to be manually disconnected in an emergency, after the manual maintenance button is pressed, the first button channel I and the first button channel III, and the second button channel I and the second button channel III belong to a normally closed state.
The high-voltage safety system is divided into a fuel cell system high-voltage safety system and a whole vehicle high-voltage safety system, so that the high-voltage safety protection range is increased, and a fuel cell controller (and a cover opening detection switch thereof), a fuel cell boosting DCDC (and a cover opening detection switch thereof), a fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system and a manual maintenance button (low-voltage disconnection high-voltage equipment) are connected in series, namely the three parts are associated, so that different fault processing modes are respectively realized aiming at faults of different parts of a fuel cell vehicle, and an emergency high-voltage pressing strategy of the whole vehicle is forcibly executed under no condition, so that high-voltage safety faults are effectively avoided, and the safety performance of the whole vehicle is greatly improved. And the high-voltage interlocking signal adopts a PWM signal to replace the previous high-side information drive, thereby avoiding misjudgment and misoperation caused by short circuit of a hardware circuit and improving the signal safety of the whole system.
The invention also provides an automobile comprising the fuel cell vehicle high-voltage safety system.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the present invention provides a high-voltage safety fault diagnosis method for a fuel cell vehicle, which is applied to a vehicle controller, and comprises the following steps:
s100, detecting whether the whole vehicle is in a running state;
s200, detecting whether a high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal or not when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state;
s300, if the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is detected not to be the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal;
s400, if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, the high-voltage interlocking is judged to be safe, the high-voltage connector is loosened, the high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage discharging is executed at the moment.
Firstly, judging whether the whole vehicle is in a running state or not and whether the vehicle speed exists or not;
if the vehicle is detected to be IN a running state, the vehicle controller VCU detects whether a vehicle high-voltage safety input signal Veh _ HIVL _ IN is a pulse width modulation signal (namely a PWM signal);
if the vehicle high-voltage safety input signal Veh _ HIVL _ IN is detected to be a pulse width modulation signal, judging that the problem of vehicle high-voltage safety fault does not occur; if the vehicle high-voltage safety input signal Veh _ HIVL _ IN is detected not to be a PWM signal, detecting whether a state signal of the manual maintenance button is the PWM signal;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected to be a PWM signal, judging that the manual maintenance button is mistakenly operated in the driving process, and not performing high-voltage power-off treatment; if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a PWM signal, the high-voltage interlocking is judged to be safe, the high-voltage connector is loosened, a high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage descending is required.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, after the step S100 of "detecting whether the entire vehicle is in a driving state", the method includes the following steps:
s500, when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state, controlling a fuel cell controller to detect whether a high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is a pulse width modulation signal;
s600, if the fuel cell controller detects that the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is not a pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether a state signal of the cover opening detection switch is a pulse width modulation signal;
s700, if the state signal of the cover opening detection switch is not the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
s800, if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, judging that the high-voltage interlocking is safe, the high-voltage connector is loose, or the high-voltage interlocking signal line is broken, defining the high-voltage safety three-level fault, and executing emergency high-voltage discharging.
After detecting whether the whole vehicle is IN a running state or not, controlling a fuel cell controller FCU to detect whether a high-voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN of a fuel cell is a pulse width modulation signal (namely a PWM signal) or not when detecting that the whole vehicle is IN the running state;
if the detected fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN is a PWM signal, judging that the problem of high-voltage safety failure of the fuel cell system does not occur; if the detected high-voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN of the fuel cell is not a PWM signal, detecting whether a state signal of the uncovering detection switch is the PWM signal or not;
if the state signal of the uncovering detection switch is detected to be a PWM signal, the fuel cell boosting DCDC or the upper cover and the lower cover of the electric pile assembly fall off, and the instrument gives an alarm and displays; if the state signal of the cover opening detection switch is not the PWM signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the PWM signal or not;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected to be a PWM signal, the manual maintenance button is judged to be operated by mistake in the driving process, and high-voltage power-off processing can be omitted;
furthermore, if it is detected that the detected fuel cell high voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN is not a PWM signal, it is detected whether the status signal of the manual maintenance button is a PWM signal;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is a PWM signal, judging that the manual maintenance button is possibly misoperated in the driving process and not performing high-voltage power-off treatment; if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected to be not a PWM signal, the high-voltage interlocking is judged to be safe, a high-voltage connector is loosened, or a high-voltage interlocking signal line is broken, the high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage discharging is required to be executed at the moment.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, after the step S100 of "detecting whether the entire vehicle is in a driving state", the method includes the following steps:
s900, detecting a whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal and controlling a fuel cell controller to detect a fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal if the whole vehicle is detected to be in a static state;
s1000, judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal or not, and judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
s1100, if the whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, judging that a whole vehicle system has a high-voltage safety fault problem, and executing a whole vehicle high-voltage power-off operation; if the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, the fuel cell system is judged to have the high-voltage safety fault problem or the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell boosting DCDC need to be uncovered for detection and maintenance, and at the moment, the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle is executed.
After detecting whether the whole vehicle is IN a running state or not, if the whole vehicle is detected to be IN a static state, the VCU detects a high-voltage safety input signal (namely a Veh _ HIVL _ IN signal) of the whole vehicle, and controls the FCU to detect a high-voltage safety input signal (namely an FCS _ HIVL _ IN signal) of the fuel cell;
then, detecting and judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal Veh _ HIVL _ IN of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal (namely a PWM signal); if so, judging that the whole vehicle system has no high-voltage safety fault problem;
and, simultaneously detecting and judging whether the fuel cell high voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN is a PWM signal; if yes, judging that the fuel cell system has no high-voltage safety fault problem;
if the vehicle high-voltage safety input signal Veh _ HIVL _ IN is detected not to be a PWM signal, judging that a vehicle system has a high-voltage safety fault problem, and executing vehicle high-voltage power-off operation; and if the fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal FCS _ HIVL _ IN is detected not to be a PWM signal, judging that the fuel cell system has a high-voltage safety fault problem, and executing the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle.
And when the whole vehicle runs and is in a static state, the whole vehicle controller and the fuel cell controller cooperate with each other to detect a whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal, a state signal of a manual maintenance button and a state signal of a cover opening detection switch, and judge whether the whole vehicle has a whole vehicle high-voltage safety fault problem, whether misoperation exists in the running process, whether the fuel cell system high-voltage safety fault problem occurs, and whether the fuel cell boosting DCDC or the upper cover and the lower cover of the electric pile assembly fall off according to the detection result.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the method steps of the above method.
The present invention can implement all or part of the processes of the above methods, and can also be implemented by using a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U.S. disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain other components which may be suitably increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, in accordance with legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program running on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement all or part of the method steps in the method.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the processor being the control center of the computer device and various interfaces and lines connecting the various parts of the overall computer device.
The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or models, and the processor may implement various functions of the computer device by executing or performing the computer programs and/or models stored in the memory, as well as invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (e.g., a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.); the storage data area may store data (e.g., audio data, video data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), servers and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A fuel cell vehicle high pressure safety system, comprising:
a fuel cell high voltage safety system comprising a fuel cell controller, a manual maintenance button connected with the fuel cell controller, and a fuel cell high voltage interlock system connecting the manual maintenance button and the fuel cell controller;
the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system comprises a whole vehicle controller connected with the fuel cell controller, the manual maintenance button connected with the whole vehicle controller, and a whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system connected with the manual maintenance button and the whole vehicle controller;
wherein the fuel cell high voltage interlock system comprises a fuel cell stack connected to the manual maintenance button, a fuel cell boost DCDC connected to the fuel cell stack, and a fuel cell auxiliary device connected to the fuel cell boost DCDC, the fuel cell auxiliary device being connected to the fuel cell controller;
the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system comprises a power battery pack connected with the whole vehicle controller, a whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery pack, and whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage distribution box, wherein the whole vehicle high-voltage auxiliary equipment is connected with the manual maintenance button;
the manual maintenance button is connected with an uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack, the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack is connected with an uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boosting DCDC, and the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boosting DCDC is connected with the fuel cell auxiliary equipment;
the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack and the uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boosting DCDC both comprise a first switch channel, a second switch channel and a third switch channel;
when the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC are closed, the first switch channel and the second switch channel are conducted; when the upper cover and the lower cover of the fuel cell stack or the fuel cell boosting DCDC fall off, the first switch channel and the third switch channel are conducted.
2. The fuel cell vehicle high-voltage safety system according to claim 1, wherein a switch state detection terminal of the fuel cell high-voltage interlock system is connected to a low-voltage communication interface of the fuel cell controller, and is configured to monitor state information of an uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell stack and an uncovering detection switch of the fuel cell boost DCDC;
the input end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety output signal pin of the fuel cell controller and is used for sending out a high-voltage interlocking signal; the output end of the fuel cell high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety input signal pin of the fuel cell controller and is used for monitoring the state of a high-voltage interlocking signal;
the input end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety output signal pin of the whole vehicle controller and is used for sending out a high-voltage safety signal of the whole vehicle high-voltage safety system; the output end of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system is connected with a high-voltage safety input signal pin of the whole vehicle controller and used for monitoring the high-voltage safety signal state of the whole vehicle high-voltage interlocking system.
3. The fuel cell vehicle high pressure safety system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell auxiliary equipment includes an air compressor controller, a first PTC heater, a hydrogen circulation pump, a fuel cell high pressure water pump, and a fuel cell high pressure fan all connected to the fuel cell boost DCDC, the air compressor controller, the first PTC heater, the hydrogen circulation pump, the fuel cell high pressure water pump, and the fuel cell high pressure fan all connected to the fuel cell controller;
whole car high-voltage auxiliary assembly include with 12V step-down DCDC, air condition compressor, second PTC heater and the machine controller that whole car high voltage distribution box is connected, 12V step-down DCDC air condition compressor second PTC heater reaches machine controller all with manual maintenance button is connected.
4. The fuel cell vehicle high pressure safety system of claim 1, wherein the manual maintenance button comprises a first button input terminal, a second button input terminal, a first button output terminal, a second button output terminal and a button status detection terminal, the first button input terminal is connected with the output terminal of the fuel cell high pressure interlock system, the first button output terminal is connected with the high pressure safety input signal pin of the fuel cell controller, the second button input terminal is connected with the output terminal of the vehicle high pressure interlock system, and the second button output terminal is connected with the high pressure safety input signal pin of the vehicle controller.
5. A method for performing fault diagnosis using the fuel cell vehicle high-voltage safety system of claim 1, applied to a vehicle controller, comprising the steps of:
detecting whether the whole vehicle is in a running state;
when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state, detecting whether a high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is detected not to be the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, the high-voltage interlocking is judged to be safe, the high-voltage connector is loosened, a high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage discharging is carried out at the moment;
after the step of detecting whether the whole vehicle is in a running state, the method comprises the following steps:
when the whole vehicle is detected to be in a running state, controlling a fuel cell controller to detect whether a high-voltage safety input signal of a fuel cell is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the fuel cell controller detects that the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is not a pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether a state signal of the cover opening detection switch is a pulse width modulation signal;
if the state signal of the cover opening detection switch is not the pulse width modulation signal, detecting whether the state signal of the manual maintenance button is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
if the state signal of the manual maintenance button is detected not to be a pulse width modulation signal, high-voltage interlocking safety, loosening of a high-voltage connector or disconnection of a high-voltage interlocking signal line are judged, a high-voltage safety three-level fault is defined, and emergency high-voltage discharging is executed at the moment.
6. The method for fault diagnosis using a high voltage safety system of a fuel cell vehicle of claim 5, wherein the step of detecting whether the entire vehicle is in a driving state includes the steps of:
if the whole vehicle is detected to be in a static state, detecting a whole vehicle high-voltage safety input signal, and simultaneously controlling a fuel cell controller to detect a fuel cell high-voltage safety input signal;
judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is a pulse width modulation signal or not, and judging whether the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is the pulse width modulation signal or not;
if the high-voltage safety input signal of the whole vehicle is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, the problem of high-voltage safety fault of the whole vehicle system is judged, and the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle is executed; if the high-voltage safety input signal of the fuel cell is judged not to be the pulse width modulation signal, the fuel cell system is judged to have the high-voltage safety fault problem or the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell boosting DCDC need to be uncovered for detection and maintenance, and at the moment, the high-voltage power-off operation of the whole vehicle is executed.
7. An automobile characterized by comprising the fuel cell vehicle high-voltage safety system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202010974543.9A 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 High-voltage safety system of fuel cell vehicle, fault diagnosis method and automobile Active CN112297849B (en)

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