CN111591168A - Low-temperature cold start method and device for hybrid vehicle, storage medium and equipment - Google Patents
Low-temperature cold start method and device for hybrid vehicle, storage medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111591168A CN111591168A CN202010337687.3A CN202010337687A CN111591168A CN 111591168 A CN111591168 A CN 111591168A CN 202010337687 A CN202010337687 A CN 202010337687A CN 111591168 A CN111591168 A CN 111591168A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature cold starting device, method, storage medium and equipment of a hybrid vehicle, wherein the device comprises: the bidirectional voltage conversion module is used for converting low voltage of first voltage output by the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply into high voltage of second voltage in a reverse working state or converting high voltage of second voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into low voltage of first voltage in a forward working state; the temperature judging module is used for responding to the starting signal to judge whether the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature or not; the state setting module is used for setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a reverse working state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature; and the first power supply connection module is used for connecting the bidirectional voltage conversion module and the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor when the bidirectional voltage conversion module is in a reverse working state. The invention can make up the defect of insufficient low-temperature discharge power of the high-voltage lithium battery pack to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a low-temperature cold start method, a low-temperature cold start device, a low-temperature cold start storage medium and low-temperature cold start equipment for a hybrid vehicle.
Background
In a hybrid vehicle, the engine is generally started by a starter motor (a generator in a hybrid vehicle) powered by a high voltage lithium battery pack, without a starter motor for the engine, based on cost considerations. The chemical characteristics of the lithium battery determine that the discharge power of the lithium battery is reduced along with the reduction of the temperature, and under low environmental temperature (such as below-30 ℃), the output power of the lithium battery pack is insufficient, so that a starting motor can not be driven, the condition that an engine cannot be started can occur, and the vehicle using feeling of a client is influenced.
At present, the technology for improving the cold starting performance of the lithium ion battery is mainly divided into two types: one method is to add a heatable device around the lithium ion battery, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery is raised in a physical heating mode, and the method needs to add an additional device, increases the space and the cost, and simultaneously has longer heating time and lower efficiency; the other method is to add a short circuit loop on the basis of the existing starting system of the hybrid electric vehicle, and the method can greatly improve the chemical activity of the cathode material, so that the cathode material and the electrolyte react quickly to generate a large amount of gas, the pressure and the temperature inside the lithium ion battery are increased quickly to cause the explosion of the battery, and the safety and the service life of the battery are not ensured. Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the prior art to solve the problem of difficult cold start of the hybrid vehicle at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides a low-temperature cold start device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising the following modules:
the bidirectional voltage conversion module is used for converting low-voltage electricity of first voltage output by the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply into high-voltage electricity of second voltage in a reverse working state or converting high-voltage electricity of the second voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into low-voltage electricity of the first voltage in a forward working state;
the temperature judging module is used for responding to the starting signal to judge whether the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature or not;
the state setting module is used for setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a reverse working state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature;
the first power supply connection module is used for connecting the bidirectional voltage conversion module and the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor when the bidirectional voltage conversion module is in a reverse working state;
the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply is connected with one end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module, the other end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module is connected with the starting motor, and the high-voltage power battery is connected with the starting motor.
Further, the state setting module is further configured to set the bidirectional voltage conversion module to a forward working state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than a preset temperature.
Further, still include:
the pre-charging module is used for responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a reverse working state and pre-charging the high-voltage load capacitor;
the voltage comparison module is used for judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery or not;
the high-voltage power-on module is used for controlling the high voltage on the whole vehicle when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery;
and the second power supply connection module is used for connecting the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor after the high voltage on the whole vehicle is completed.
The invention provides a low-temperature cold starting method of a hybrid vehicle, which adopts the low-temperature cold starting device of the hybrid vehicle and comprises the following steps:
responding to a vehicle starting signal, and judging whether the vehicle environment temperature is lower than a preset temperature or not;
when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than the preset temperature, the bidirectional voltage conversion module is set to be in a reverse working state;
and when the bidirectional voltage conversion module is in a reverse working state, the bidirectional voltage conversion module and the high-voltage power battery are both communicated with a starting motor.
Further, after determining whether the vehicle ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the method further includes:
and when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than the preset temperature, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a forward working state.
Further, still include:
after responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a reverse working state, and pre-charging a high-voltage load capacitor;
judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery or not;
when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, controlling the high voltage of the whole vehicle;
and after the high voltage on the whole vehicle is completed, the high voltage power battery is communicated with the starting motor.
Further, still include:
and after the vehicle is started, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a forward working state.
Further, the bidirectional voltage conversion module includes a bidirectional DC/DC converter.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the hybrid vehicle cold start method described above.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus comprising a processor and a memory having at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions stored therein, loaded and executed by the processor to implement the hybrid vehicle low temperature cold start method described above.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the bidirectional voltage conversion module is adopted to boost the low voltage output by the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply, so that the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply and the high-voltage power battery are used as an energy system to drive the engine to start the motor in a low-temperature environment, and the defect of insufficient low-temperature discharge power of the high-voltage lithium battery pack can be made up to a certain extent. In addition, the invention also has the pre-charging function, so that a pre-charging circuit in the original high-voltage system can be eliminated, and the hardware cost of the high-voltage loop is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a low-temperature cold start apparatus of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a low-temperature cold start apparatus of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a low temperature cold start method for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a high-voltage loop pre-charge according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the low-temperature cold start device of the hybrid vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following modules:
the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 is used for converting low voltage of first voltage output by the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply into high voltage of second voltage in a reverse working state, or converting high voltage of second voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into low voltage of first voltage in a forward working state;
specifically, the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply is a 12V vehicle-mounted storage battery and is used for outputting 12V direct current.
Specifically, the high voltage power battery is capable of outputting high voltage electricity, and the high voltage power battery includes a high voltage lithium battery.
Optionally, the second voltage has a value between 200V-400V.
Alternatively, the first voltage value may be 12V, 24V or other low voltage values set according to actual needs; in one example, the corresponding first voltage value may be set to 12V when the hybrid vehicle is a car; in one example, the corresponding first voltage value may be set to 24V when the hybrid vehicle is a truck, a bus, or the like. It should be noted that the above example is only used for illustrating the value of the first voltage, and should not be considered as a limitation to the embodiment of the present invention, and the value of the first voltage may also be set to other values according to actual situations.
In a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 may be a bidirectional DC/DC converter. The bidirectional DC/DC converter is adopted to replace a unidirectional DC/DC converter in the original hybrid power automobile system, when the engine is cold started at low temperature, besides the high-voltage lithium battery pack provides a high-voltage power supply for the starting motor, the 12V vehicle-mounted storage battery is converted into high voltage through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then the high-voltage power supply is provided for the starting motor, so that the short-time power of the superposition of the two batteries can make up the problem that the low-temperature output power of a single lithium battery pack is insufficient, and the problem that the starting motor cannot start the engine due to insufficient input in a low-temperature environment can be solved.
Preferably, the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 employs a full-bridge DC/DC converter, which has the advantages of high output power and high efficiency.
The temperature judging module 102 is used for responding to the starting signal to judge whether the vehicle environment temperature is lower than a preset temperature;
in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-25 ℃; in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-30 ℃; in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-35 ℃; it should be noted that the above examples are only used for illustration, and those skilled in the art can also adopt other temperature values as the preset temperature values according to actual requirements.
The state setting module 103 is used for setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 to be in a reverse working state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature;
the first power supply connection module 104 is used for connecting the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 and the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor when the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 is in a reverse working state;
the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply is connected with one end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101, the other end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 is connected with the starting motor, and the high-voltage power battery is connected with the starting motor.
Further, the state setting module 103 is further configured to set the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 to the forward operation state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than the preset temperature.
In the prior art, in order to protect the high-voltage relay and prevent the high-voltage relay from being stuck, a pre-charging circuit is generally added to an output loop of the high-voltage power battery, the pre-charging circuit comprises a pre-charging resistor, a pre-charging relay and a corresponding control circuit, the working principle of the pre-charging circuit is that a capacitive load in a high-voltage load loop is charged for pre-charging before the high-voltage relay is attracted, the high-voltage relay is attracted when the load voltage is pre-charged to be close to the voltage of a battery bus, so that the attraction of the high-voltage relay cannot generate large current instantly, and the contact of the.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101 to pre-charge the high-voltage loop, namely before the high voltage on the whole vehicle, the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply pre-charges the high-voltage load capacitor by boosting through the bidirectional voltage conversion module 101, and then the high-voltage relay is attracted after the pre-charging is finished, so that the pre-charging circuit of the original high-voltage system can be cancelled, and the hardware cost of the high-voltage circuit is reduced.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the device further includes:
the pre-charging module 105 is used for responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module 201 to be in a reverse working state and pre-charging a high-voltage load capacitor;
the voltage comparison module 106 is used for judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery;
the high-voltage power-on module 107 is used for controlling the high voltage on the whole vehicle when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery;
and the second power supply connection module 108 is used for connecting the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor after the high-voltage power on the whole vehicle is completed.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, in a specific embodiment, the device includes: the system comprises a power battery system, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply, a low-voltage load, a double-motor controller (PCM), an engine, a generator (also used as a starting motor), a driving motor, a vehicle controller, a vehicle CAN bus and the like, wherein the generator (also used as the starting motor) is used as the engine starting motor when the engine is started. Specifically, the power battery system shown in fig. 3 includes a high voltage power battery, which is a high voltage lithium battery; specifically, the low voltage on-board power supply shown in fig. 3 includes a 12V battery, which may be a lead-acid battery.
Referring to fig. 4, when the high voltage power battery supplies power to the 12V battery and the low voltage load, the bidirectional DC/DC converter operates in the forward operating state, at this time, Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are alternately turned on and off at high frequency, at this time, Q5 and Q6 on the other side of the transformer T are turned off and do not operate, the ac voltage on the secondary side of the transformer is rectified by the diode connected in parallel to Q5 and Q6, and then filtered by the capacitors C5 and C6 to provide DC 12V to the 12V battery and the low voltage load, and Q1 to Q6 are controlled by the bidirectional DC/DC control circuit.
Referring to fig. 4, when the 12V battery reversely outputs the high voltage power through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter operates in a reverse operating state, wherein Q5 and Q6 are alternately turned on and off at high frequency, at this time, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 on the other side of the transformer T are in a cut-off non-operating state, diodes connected in parallel between Q1 and Q4 form a full bridge rectifier circuit, rectify the alternating voltage on the high voltage side of the transformer, then filter the alternating voltage through capacitors C2 and C3, provide high voltage to the high voltage circuit, and Q1 to Q6 are controlled by the bidirectional DC/DC control circuit.
Referring to fig. 4, in the high-voltage power battery system, K1 is a high-voltage positive relay, K3 is a high-voltage negative relay, and the positive relay K1 is connected in parallel with the relay K2 and the diode D1. The pre-charging process of the high-voltage load capacitor, the normal-temperature cold start process of the engine, and the low-temperature cold start process of the engine according to the embodiment of the present invention are described in sequence with reference to fig. 4.
The high-voltage load capacitor pre-charging process comprises the following steps:
after receiving a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, the bidirectional DC/DC converter converts 12V low voltage into high voltage and then pre-charges a high-voltage load capacitor C1 (equivalent capacitor), the pre-charging function is completed when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, and then the high-voltage relays K1 and K3 are attracted (at the moment, K2 is always disconnected), so that the high-voltage process on the whole vehicle is completed.
The charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, specifically, the difference value between the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 and the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery is within a preset voltage difference range, for example, if the voltage difference between the charging voltage and the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery is 1V and the preset maximum voltage difference is 2V, the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 is considered to be close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery; for example, if the voltage difference between the high-voltage load capacitor C1 and the high-voltage power battery is 3V and the preset maximum voltage difference is 2V, the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 is not considered to be close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery.
It should be noted that, the above example is only used for illustrating that the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor C1 is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, and should not be considered as a limitation to the embodiment of the present invention, and during a specific application process, the preset voltage difference range may be calibrated and set according to actual conditions.
The normal-temperature cold starting process of the engine comprises the following steps:
under normal atmospheric temperature environment, high-voltage power battery output is great, can normally drive starter motor and accomplish engine start, and the working process is as follows: after receiving a starting signal, the bidirectional DC/DC converter pre-charges the high-voltage loop, the high-voltage relays K1 and K3 attract each other (at the moment, K2 is disconnected all the time), the whole vehicle finishes high voltage application, the high-voltage power battery supplies high voltage to the motor controller 1 to drive the starting motor, and the normal starting of the engine is finished.
The low-temperature cold start process of the engine:
under the low-temperature environment, the output power of the high-voltage power battery is not enough to drive the starting motor, the bidirectional DC/DC converter works in a reverse working state that low voltage is converted into high voltage, the 12V storage battery supplies power to the starting motor through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, meanwhile, the K2 and the K3 are attracted (K1 is disconnected at the moment), the high-voltage power battery also supplies power to the starting motor, and after the high-voltage power battery is superposed with the output power of the 12V storage battery, the high-voltage power battery can drive the starting motor, so that the low-temperature cold starting of the engine is realized. After the low-temperature cold start is finished, the K1 is closed, the K2 is disconnected (at the moment, the K3 is closed), the bidirectional DC/DC converter is switched to a normal forward working state, and power is supplied to a low-voltage load and a 12V storage battery.
The vehicle control unit sends related instruction information to the bidirectional DC/DC converter and a control unit of the high-voltage power battery through real-time judgment so as to control the working state of the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the suction and disconnection states of high-voltage relays K1, K2 and K3 of the high-voltage power battery, thereby completing corresponding functions.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a low-temperature cold start method for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a low-temperature cold start method for a hybrid vehicle, where the low-temperature cold start apparatus for a hybrid vehicle is adopted, and the method includes the following steps:
s201: responding to a vehicle starting signal, and judging whether the vehicle environment temperature is lower than a preset temperature or not;
in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-25 ℃; in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-30 ℃; in one embodiment, the preset temperature value is-35 ℃; it should be noted that the above examples are only used for illustration, and those skilled in the art can also adopt other temperature values as the preset temperature values according to actual requirements.
S202: when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than the preset temperature, the bidirectional voltage conversion module is set to be in a reverse working state;
specifically, the bidirectional voltage conversion module can convert the low voltage of the first voltage output by the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply into the high voltage of the second voltage in a reverse operation state, or convert the high voltage of the second voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into the low voltage of the first voltage in a forward operation state.
Optionally, the second voltage has a value between 200V-400V.
Alternatively, the first voltage value may be 12V, 24V or other low voltage values set according to actual needs; in one example, the corresponding first voltage value may be set to 12V when the hybrid vehicle is a car; in one example, the corresponding first voltage value may be set to 24V when the hybrid vehicle is a truck, a bus, or the like. It should be noted that the above example is only used for illustrating the value of the first voltage, and should not be considered as a limitation to the embodiment of the present invention, and the value of the first voltage may also be set to other values according to actual situations.
Preferably, the bidirectional voltage conversion module may be a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
preferably, the bidirectional voltage conversion module adopts a full-bridge DC/DC converter, and the full-bridge DC/DC converter has the advantages of high output power and high efficiency.
S203: when the bidirectional voltage conversion module is in a reverse working state, the bidirectional voltage conversion module and the high-voltage power battery are both communicated with the starting motor.
Specifically, the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply is a 12V vehicle-mounted storage battery and is used for outputting 12V direct current.
Specifically, the high voltage power battery is capable of outputting high voltage electricity, and the high voltage power battery includes a high voltage lithium battery.
The bidirectional DC/DC converter is adopted to replace a unidirectional DC/DC converter in the original hybrid power automobile system, when the engine is cold started at low temperature, besides the high-voltage lithium battery pack provides a high-voltage power supply for the starting motor, the 12V vehicle-mounted storage battery is converted into high voltage through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then the high-voltage power supply is provided for the starting motor, so that the short-time power of the superposition of the two batteries can make up the problem that the low-temperature output power of a single lithium battery pack is insufficient, and the problem that the starting motor cannot start the engine due to insufficient input in a low-temperature environment can be solved.
The vehicle control unit processes the collected external environment temperature, the engine starting signal and the high-voltage pre-charging starting signal in real time, makes comprehensive judgment according to the collected signals, sends real-time instructions to U control units of the components such as the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the high-voltage power battery and the motor controller through the CAN bus, and executes corresponding actions on the components such as the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the high-voltage power battery and the motor controller after receiving the instructions of the vehicle control unit, so that pre-charging and engine starting are completed.
In the prior art, in order to protect the high-voltage relay and prevent the high-voltage relay from being stuck, a pre-charging circuit is generally added to an output loop of the high-voltage power battery, the pre-charging circuit comprises a pre-charging resistor, a pre-charging relay and a corresponding control circuit, the working principle of the pre-charging circuit is that a capacitive load in a high-voltage load loop is charged for pre-charging before the high-voltage relay is attracted, the high-voltage relay is attracted when the load voltage is pre-charged to be close to the voltage of a battery bus, so that the attraction of the high-voltage relay cannot generate large current instantly, and the contact of the.
The embodiment of the invention can also pre-charge the high-voltage loop by adopting the bidirectional voltage conversion module, namely, before the high voltage on the whole vehicle, the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply pre-charges the high-voltage load capacitor by boosting through the bidirectional voltage conversion module, and then the high-voltage relay is attracted after the pre-charging is finished, so that a pre-charging circuit of the original high-voltage system can be cancelled, and the hardware cost of a high-voltage line is reduced. Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a high-voltage circuit pre-charge according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the high-voltage circuit pre-charge includes the following steps:
s301: responding to a vehicle starting signal, and judging whether the vehicle environment temperature is lower than a preset temperature or not;
s302: when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than the preset temperature, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a forward working state; the bidirectional voltage conversion module can convert high voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into low voltage in a forward working state.
S303: after responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a reverse working state, and pre-charging the high-voltage load capacitor;
s304: judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery or not;
s305: when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, controlling the high voltage of the whole vehicle;
s306: and after the high voltage on the whole vehicle is completed, the high voltage power battery is communicated with the starting motor.
Further, after judging whether the vehicle ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than the preset temperature, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to be in a forward working state.
Optionally, the method further comprises setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module to a forward operation state after the vehicle is started. Under the forward working state, the bidirectional voltage conversion module converts high voltage of second voltage output by the high-voltage power battery into low voltage of first voltage to supply power to the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply and the low-voltage load.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, where at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or a set of instructions is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the set of instructions is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a hybrid vehicle.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be located in at least one network server of a plurality of network servers of a computer network. Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus, which includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a hybrid vehicle.
The memory may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor may execute various functional applications and data processing by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory. The memory can mainly comprise a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, application programs needed by functions and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to use of the device, and the like. Further, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device. Accordingly, the memory may also include a memory controller to provide the processor access to the memory.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the bidirectional voltage conversion module, can use a 12V storage battery and a high-voltage lithium battery as an energy system to drive the engine to start the motor in a low-temperature environment, can make up for the defect of insufficient low-temperature discharge power of the high-voltage lithium battery pack to a certain extent, and has a pre-charging function, so that a pre-charging circuit in the original high-voltage system can be eliminated, and the hardware cost of a high-voltage loop is reduced.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment.
Those of skill in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, units, and steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, elements, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design requirements of the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-temperature cold start device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising:
the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) is used for converting low voltage of first voltage output by a low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply into high voltage of second voltage in a reverse working state or converting high voltage of the second voltage output by a high-voltage power battery into low voltage of the first voltage in a forward working state;
the temperature judging module (102) is used for responding to the starting signal to judge whether the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature;
the state setting module (103) is used for setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a reverse working state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature;
the first power supply connection module (104) is used for connecting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) and the high-voltage power battery with a starting motor when the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) is in a reverse working state;
the low-voltage vehicle-mounted power supply is connected with one end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101), the other end of the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) is connected with the starting motor, and the high-voltage power battery is connected with the starting motor.
2. The low-temperature cold start device of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the state setting module (103) is further configured to set the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to a forward operation state when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than a preset temperature.
3. The hybrid vehicle cold start apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising:
the pre-charging module (105) is used for responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a reverse working state and pre-charging a high-voltage load capacitor;
the voltage comparison module (106) is used for judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery or not;
the high-voltage power-on module (107) is used for controlling the high voltage on the whole vehicle when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery;
and the second power supply connection module (108) is used for connecting the high-voltage power battery with the starting motor after the high voltage on the whole vehicle is completed.
4. A hybrid vehicle cold start method at a low temperature, characterized by employing the hybrid vehicle cold start apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
s201: responding to a vehicle starting signal, and judging whether the vehicle environment temperature is lower than a preset temperature or not;
s202: when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a reverse working state;
s203: when the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) is in a reverse working state, the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) and the high-voltage power battery are both communicated with the starting motor.
5. The low-temperature cold start method for the hybrid vehicle according to claim 4, wherein after determining whether the ambient temperature of the vehicle is lower than a preset temperature, the method further comprises:
s302: and when the ambient temperature of the vehicle is not lower than the preset temperature, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a positive working state.
6. The hybrid vehicle cold start method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by further comprising:
s303: after responding to a high-voltage signal on the whole vehicle, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a reverse working state, and pre-charging a high-voltage load capacitor;
s304: judging whether the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery or not;
s305: when the charging voltage of the high-voltage load capacitor is close to the output voltage of the high-voltage power battery, controlling the high voltage of the whole vehicle;
s306: and after the high voltage on the whole vehicle is completed, the high voltage power battery is communicated with the starting motor.
7. The hybrid vehicle cold start method according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising:
and after the vehicle is started, setting the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) to be in a forward working state.
8. The hybrid vehicle cold start method according to claim 4, characterized in that the bidirectional voltage conversion module (101) comprises a bidirectional DC/DC converter.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the hybrid vehicle cold start method of any one of claims 4-8.
10. An apparatus comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, set of codes, or set of instructions that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a hybrid vehicle cold start method as claimed in any one of claims 4-8.
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Application publication date: 20200828 |