CN112296814A - Clamping platform for forming and grinding machining of mortise of integral turbine disc and operation process of clamping platform - Google Patents
Clamping platform for forming and grinding machining of mortise of integral turbine disc and operation process of clamping platform Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112296814A CN112296814A CN202011079154.6A CN202011079154A CN112296814A CN 112296814 A CN112296814 A CN 112296814A CN 202011079154 A CN202011079154 A CN 202011079154A CN 112296814 A CN112296814 A CN 112296814A
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- mortise
- turbine disc
- forming
- middle shaft
- grinding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
Abstract
The invention relates to a clamping platform for forming and grinding a mortise of an integral turbine disc and an operation process thereof. The upper supporting rod is connected with the middle shaft shell, and two ends of the rotary middle shaft are respectively provided with a bearing and are arranged in the shell. The upper supporting rod is respectively provided with a bearing and a positioning pin and is connected with the main supporting frame, so that the turbine disc is positioned and rotated in two degrees of freedom, and the turbine disc is positioned by one-time clamping to realize the forming and grinding processing of the mortise of the whole turbine disc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient precision machining, and particularly relates to a clamping platform for forming and grinding a mortise of an integral turbine disc and an operation process of the clamping platform.
Technical Field
The forming and grinding processing is to prepare and trim a grinding wheel into a reverse profile which is completely matched with the profile of the workpiece, and then grind the workpiece by using the grinding wheel to obtain a required shape; or when grinding the workpiece, the workpiece is clamped on a special fixture according to certain conditions, and the position is fixed or continuously changed to grind in the machining process to obtain the required shape.
Although the finger-shaped forming grinding wheel is used, the two molded surfaces do not need to be clamped again or positioned for many times, the finger-shaped forming grinding wheel contains a small number of abrasive particles, so that a tool is seriously abraded in the actual machining process, the service time of a single grinding wheel is short, frequent tool changing is needed, and the machining efficiency and the positioning accuracy are greatly influenced. Many researchers have therefore attempted to grind turbine disk mortises using cup-shaped grinding wheels.
When the cup-shaped grinding wheel is used for grinding, if the turbine disc is fixed by a traditional clamping mode, two molded surfaces of the same mortise are generally required to be processed by different processing programs respectively, and different mortises are generally required to be re-clamped and positioned by tool setting, so that the processing precision is influenced, and the processing efficiency is lower.
Therefore, many researchers try to develop a special fixture for the mortise machining of the turbine disc, and some research results are obtained. For example, the invention patent (publication number: CN 105538096A) discloses a blade tenon grinding fixture, which is characterized in that the mounting surface of a bottom plate is designed into a horizontal inclined angle surface, so that the symmetry center of a tenon of a blade can be conveniently adjusted in the machining process, the service life of a formed grinding wheel can be prolonged, and the grinding heat can be reduced by arranging a flow guide mechanism on the bottom plate, thereby not only meeting the requirements of quick positioning and clamping, but also meeting the technical requirements that the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the blade tenon after grinding can reach the technical requirements, and improving the reliability of the machining process and the service life of the formed grinding wheel for grinding. However, the turbine disk mortise grinding process is generally affected by the large size of the turbine disk and similar structures and devices cannot be used.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the clamping platform which is simple in structure and can realize the forming and grinding machining of the mortise of the integral turbine disc and the operation process thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a clamping platform for forming and grinding of a mortise of an integral turbine disc comprises a flange, a rotary middle shaft, a bidirectional positioning mechanism, a middle shaft shell, an upper supporting rod, a main supporting frame, a vibration isolation base and a forming grinding wheel.
Wherein, the vibration isolation base is fixed on the workbench and connected with the main support frame at the central position; the main support frame is fixedly connected with the vibration isolation base. The main support frame comprises a straight shaft end and an inclined shaft end, and the angle between the straight shaft end and the inclined shaft end is used for realizing that the inclined shaft end bearing bears smaller radial force, so that the service life of the inclined shaft end bearing is ensured. The upper supporting rod is horizontally arranged, two ends of the upper supporting rod are respectively connected with the middle shaft shell and the inclined shaft end of the main supporting frame, and the middle of the upper supporting rod is arranged in the semicircular groove on the straight shaft end of the main supporting frame and is fixed.
The upper supporting rod is respectively provided with a bearing and a positioning pin, the positioning pin is arranged at the joint of the upper supporting rod and the straight shaft end of the main supporting frame, the bearing is arranged at the joint of the upper supporting rod and the inclined shaft end of the main supporting frame and is connected with the main supporting frame, so that the turbine disc is positioned and rotated with two degrees of freedom, and the turbine disc is positioned and ground by one-time clamping to realize the forming and grinding of the mortise of the whole turbine disc.
The two ends of the rotating middle shaft are respectively provided with a bearing and are arranged in the middle shaft shell, and the bearings on the rotating middle shaft are respectively positioned by the steps on the shaft and the bearing end covers. The turbine disc is sleeved on the rotating middle shaft, two ends of the rotating middle shaft are respectively connected with the flange and the bidirectional positioning mechanism, the flange is utilized to clamp the turbine disc, and the bidirectional positioning mechanism can realize clockwise and anticlockwise bidirectional positioning rotation of the rotating middle shaft according to a fixed angle. The connecting end of the rotating middle shaft and the bidirectional positioning mechanism is provided with a rectangular groove according to the same distribution angle of the turbine disc mortise.
The center of the bidirectional positioning mechanism is provided with a hole which is sleeved at one end of the rotating middle shaft and consists of a bidirectional positioning pin, a positioning pin handle, a positioning hole end cover, a bearing end cover and a spring. The bearing end cover is provided with a bidirectional positioning hole, and the bidirectional positioning hole is connected with the positioning hole end cover in a threaded manner; one end of the bidirectional positioning pin is connected with the handle in a threaded manner, and the other end of the bidirectional positioning pin is an acute-angle inclined plane (for example, a 30-degree inclined plane); the spring is arranged between the positioning hole end cover and the lower end platform of the bidirectional positioning pin and is arranged in the bidirectional positioning hole together.
Three cylindrical holes are formed in the contact plane of the bearing end cover and the handle; a cylindrical boss is arranged on the handle and in contact with the end cover, and when the boss is meshed with the three round holes, the boss corresponds to two-way locking, clockwise positioning rotation and anticlockwise positioning rotation respectively.
The operation process of the clamping platform for the integrated turbine disc mortise forming and grinding machining comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing the vibration isolation base on the workbench, fixing the turbine disc at one end of the rotary middle shaft through a flange, and installing a bidirectional positioning mechanism at the other end of the rotary middle shaft; the turbine disc is subjected to rough machining by wire cutting in advance, and the distribution angle of a mortise of the turbine disc is the same as that of a rectangular groove formed in the bidirectional positioning end of the rotary middle shaft.
(2) And the forming grinding wheel descends to the bottom plane of the first mortise of the turbine disc from the machining starting plane, is fed to the forming surface of the mortise to be machined and is subjected to forming grinding machining, and then is far away from the forming surface of the machined mortise and is fed upwards to return to the starting plane.
(3) And (3) rotating the handle of the bidirectional positioning mechanism to clockwise rotate to enable the mortise of the turbine disc to clockwise rotate to the position of the next mortise, and repeating the step (2) to perform forming grinding processing.
(4) And (5) repeating the steps (1) to (3) to realize the forming grinding processing of the forming surfaces on one sides of all the mortises one by one.
(5) The locating pin is pulled out, the supporting rod is rotated by 180 degrees, the supporting rod above the mortise of the turbine disc is axially and symmetrically rotated by taking the shaft as the axis, the locating pin is inserted again for fixation, the position exchange of the unmachined mortise forming surface and the machined mortise forming surface is realized at the moment, and the steps (1) to (3) are repeated, so that the forming and grinding processing of the mortise of the whole turbine disc can be realized.
The distribution angle of the rectangular groove formed in the rotating middle shaft in the bidirectional positioning mechanism is set according to the distribution angle of the mortise of the turbine disc to be actually machined, and meanwhile, the actual size of the clamping platform is determined according to the size of the turbine disc to be actually machined.
Has the advantages that:
(1) one end of the rotating middle shaft is fixed with the turbine disc through the flange, the other end of the rotating middle shaft is sleeved with the bidirectional positioning mechanism, bidirectional positioning rotation of the rotating middle shaft can be achieved, and the rotating mode comprises clockwise or anticlockwise fixed angle rotation, bidirectional rotation locking and free rotation.
(2) Go up the bracing piece middle part and fix in the recess of main tributary strut straight-axis end through the fixed pin, through fixed pin and axle head bearing, 180 rotatory bracing piece of going up makes the turbine dish rotatory around last bracing piece, realizes including mechanisms such as turbine dish, rotatory axis around 180 location rotations of last bracing piece. Therefore, the forming and grinding processing of the integral turbine disc mortise by using the cup-shaped forming grinding wheel is realized under one-time clamping and positioning of the turbine disc, and the forming and grinding processing process of the turbine disc mortise is simplified.
(3) The connecting end of the rotating middle shaft and the bidirectional positioning mechanism is provided with a rectangular groove according to the same distribution angle of the turbine disc mortise, so that the machining precision and the machining efficiency are improved.
(4) The clamping platform is simple and convenient to operate and high in reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of a clamping platform for integrated turbine disk mortise shaping and grinding machining in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bi-directional positioning mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotating bottom bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper support bar and the main support frame;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the entire clamping platform for the integrated turbine disk mortise shaping and grinding process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention illustrating the mortise forming and grinding process of the integral turbine disk.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a turbine disc-1, a flange-2, a rotary middle shaft-3, a right bearing end cover-4, a middle shaft shell-5, a bidirectional positioning mechanism-6, a molding grinding wheel-7, an upper supporting rod-8, a main supporting frame-9, a vibration isolation base-10, a left bearing end cover-11, a handle-12, a positioning hole end cover-13, a spring-14, a bidirectional positioning pin-15, a bearing-16 and a fixing pin 17.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a clamping platform for integrated turbine disc mortise forming grinding machining, and fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bidirectional positioning mechanism 6 in fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the main support frame 9, the upper support rod 8 and the bottom bracket shell 5.
Referring to fig. 1, the clamping platform for integral turbine disc mortise forming and grinding comprises a turbine disc 1, a flange 2, a rotary middle shaft 3, a right bearing end cover 4, a left bearing end cover-11, a middle shaft shell 5, a bidirectional positioning mechanism 6, a forming grinding wheel 7, an upper supporting rod 8, a main supporting frame 9 and a vibration isolation base 10. The vibration isolation base 10 is connected with the workbench through hexagon socket head cap screws, and the main support frame 9 is fixedly connected with the vibration isolation base 10. The main support frame 9 comprises a straight shaft end and an inclined shaft end which form a certain angle, and the angle is suitable for realizing that the inclined shaft end bearing bears smaller radial force and ensuring the service life of the inclined shaft end bearing. The upper supporting rod 8 is horizontally arranged, two ends of the upper supporting rod are respectively connected with the inclined shaft ends of the middle shaft shell 5 and the main supporting frame 9, the middle of the upper supporting rod is arranged in a semicircular groove on the straight shaft end of the main supporting frame 9, and the upper supporting rod is fixed by a fixing pin 17. The turbine disc 1 is fixed at one end of a rotary middle shaft 3 which penetrates through a middle shaft shell 5 through a flange 2. The other end of the rotary centre shaft penetrates through the centre shaft shell 5 and is fixed by the bidirectional positioning mechanism 6. Both ends of the rotating middle shaft firstly pass through the bearings 16, and the turbine disc 1 rotates around the rotating middle shaft 3 in the same direction with the support rod 8. The middle shaft shell 5 is divided into two shells and two bearing end covers (a right bearing end cover-4 and a left bearing end cover-11), which are mutually fixed by hexagon socket head cap bolts, and the middle shaft shell is fixedly connected with the upper support rod.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bidirectional positioning mechanism, in which a bidirectional positioning hole is formed in the left bearing end cover 11, the bidirectional positioning hole is connected with the positioning hole end cover 13 in a threaded manner, the handle 12 is connected with the bidirectional positioning pin 15 in a threaded manner, and the spring 14 is arranged between the positioning hole end cover 13 and a lower end platform of the bidirectional positioning pin 15 and is installed in the bidirectional positioning hole together. The rotary central shaft 3 is provided with a rectangular groove at the end of the bidirectional positioning mechanism 6 according to the required angle for processing, the bottom end of the bidirectional positioning pin 15 is inserted into the rectangular groove of the rotary central shaft, the cross section of the bottom end of the bidirectional positioning pin 15 is triangular, the height of the cross section triangle is slightly higher than the depth of the rectangular groove, the side wall of the rectangular groove is opposite to the inclined plane at the bottom of the bidirectional positioning pin 15, the rotary central shaft 3 rotates in a single direction at the moment, the bidirectional positioning pin 15 is separated from the rectangular groove by upward component force, the rotary central shaft 3 realizes single direction rotation, when the second rectangular groove in the rotary direction of the rotary central shaft 3 rotates to the position of the bidirectional positioning pin 15, the bidirectional positioning pin 15 is; set up circular boss on the handle 12, locating hole end cover 13 sets up the unanimous round hole of three size, and the round hole distribution interval is 90, and when circular boss embedding two round holes of 180 distributions on the handle 12, 15 inclined planes of two-way locating pin are relative with the lateral wall about the rectangular channel respectively, can realize the one-way location rotation of two directions respectively, and when circular boss embedding third round hole on the handle 12, 15 inclined planes of two-way locating pin are perpendicular with the lateral wall about the rectangular channel to realize two-way locking.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating center shaft, wherein a turbine disc is fixed at one end of the rotating center shaft 3 through a flange 2; two ends of the rotary middle shaft 3 are provided with bearings 16 which are positioned by the shaft upper step, the right bearing end cover 4 and the left bearing end cover 11 respectively and are arranged in the middle shaft shell 5; the other end is connected with a bidirectional positioning mechanism 6.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the whole structure of the clamping platform for processing the mortise of the whole turbine disc, the right bearing end cover 4, the middle shaft shell 5 and the flange 2 are fastened and connected by using hexagon socket head cap screws, the vibration isolation base 10 is connected with the workbench by using hexagon socket head cap screws, and the main support frame 9 is fixedly connected with the vibration isolation base 10.
The specific operation process is as follows:
(1) the clamping platform for the turbine disc mortise forming and grinding processing comprises a vibration isolation base 10, a turbine disc 1, a rotating center shaft 3, a turbine disc and a clamping device, wherein the vibration isolation base 10 is fixed on a workbench;
(2) the specific processing procedure is shown in fig. 6:
in fig. 6(a), the formed grinding wheel 7 descends from the machining starting plane to the bottom plane of the mortise a of the turbine disc 1;
FIG. 6(b) shows the molding wheel being fed to the molding surface of the mortise to be processed and being subjected to a molding grinding process;
FIG. 6(c) the forming wheel is far away from the forming surface of the processed mortise and is fed upwards to return to the starting plane, and the handle of the bidirectional positioning mechanism 6 is rotated clockwise to rotate the mortise of the turbine disc clockwise; the mortise b rotates to the position of the previous mortise a;
as shown in fig. 6(d), the above steps are repeated to realize the forming and grinding processing of the forming surfaces on one side of all the mortises one by one;
(3) after finishing processing to all tongue-and-groove one side profiled surfaces, extract the fixed pin, 180 rotatory upper strut 8, turbine disk tongue-and-groove a above bracing piece 8 carry out the axisymmetric rotation for the axle, insert the fixed pin once more, realize this moment that unprocessed tongue-and-groove profiled surface exchanges with the position of processing tongue-and-groove profiled surface, repeat process (2), can realize whole turbine disk tongue-and-groove shaping abrasive machining.
The flatness, the roundness and the verticality of the mutual contact surfaces among the upper supporting rod 8, the main supporting frame 9, the rotating middle shaft 3, the handle 12, the positioning hole end cover 13 and the bidirectional positioning pin 15 are ensured, the problem that a gap exists between the contact surfaces, the positioning precision loss is caused is avoided, and the processing precision of the clamping platform is reduced. Meanwhile, the lubricating performance between the rotating parts is ensured, and the abrasion of the parts is avoided. When the clamping platform is designed, the distribution angle of the rectangular groove formed in the rotary middle shaft 3 in the bidirectional positioning mechanism 6 is set according to the distribution angle of the mortise of the actually processed turbine disc, and the actual size of the clamping platform is determined according to the size of the actually processed turbine disc.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A clamping platform for forming and grinding machining of a mortise of an integral turbine disc is characterized by comprising a flange, a rotary middle shaft, a bidirectional positioning mechanism, a middle shaft shell, an upper supporting rod, a main supporting frame, a vibration isolation base and a forming grinding wheel;
the vibration isolation base (10) is fixed on the workbench, the main support frame (9) is fixed on the vibration isolation base, and the main support frame (9) comprises a straight shaft end and an inclined shaft end;
the upper supporting rod (8) is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the upper supporting rod are respectively connected with the middle shaft shell (5) and the inclined shaft end of the main supporting frame;
two ends of a rotating middle shaft (3) are respectively provided with a bearing and are arranged in a middle shaft shell (5), a turbine disc (1) is sleeved on the rotating middle shaft, and two ends of the rotating middle shaft are respectively connected with a flange (2) and a bidirectional positioning mechanism (6); the connecting end of the rotating middle shaft and the bidirectional positioning mechanism is provided with a rectangular groove according to the same distribution angle of the turbine disc mortise.
2. The clamping platform for integrated turbine disc mortise forming and grinding machining according to claim 1, wherein the straight shaft end and the inclined shaft end of the main support frame (9) are at an angle, and the angle is suitable for enabling the inclined shaft end bearing to bear small radial force and ensuring the service life of the inclined shaft end bearing; the middle of the upper supporting rod (8) is arranged in a groove on the end of the straight shaft and is fixed.
3. The clamping platform for integral turbine disc mortise shaping and grinding machining of claim 1, wherein the bidirectional positioning mechanism is centrally provided with a hole comprising a bidirectional positioning pin, a positioning pin handle, a positioning hole end cover, a bearing end cover and a spring; the bearing end cover is provided with a bidirectional positioning hole, and the bidirectional positioning hole is connected with the positioning hole end cover in a threaded manner; one end of the bidirectional positioning pin is connected with the handle in a threaded manner, and the other end of the bidirectional positioning pin is an acute-angle inclined plane; the spring is arranged between the positioning hole end cover and the lower end platform of the bidirectional positioning pin and is arranged in the bidirectional positioning hole together.
4. The clamping platform for forming and grinding the mortise of the integral turbine disc as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bearing end cover is provided with three cylindrical holes on a contact plane with the handle; a cylindrical boss is arranged on the handle and in contact with the end cover, and when the boss is meshed with the three round holes, the boss corresponds to two-way locking, clockwise positioning rotation and anticlockwise positioning rotation respectively.
5. The process of operating a clamping platform for an integrated turbine disk dovetail profile grinding operation of claim 1, wherein the steps of:
(1) fixing the vibration isolation base on the workbench, fixing the turbine disc at one end of the rotary middle shaft through a flange, and installing a bidirectional positioning mechanism at the other end of the rotary middle shaft; the turbine disc is subjected to rough machining by wire cutting in advance, and the distribution angle of a mortise of the turbine disc is the same as that of a rectangular groove formed at the bidirectional positioning end of the rotary middle shaft; a
(2) The forming grinding wheel descends to the bottom plane of the first mortise of the turbine disc from the machining starting plane, is fed to the forming surface of the mortise to be machined and is subjected to forming grinding machining, and then is far away from the forming surface of the machined mortise and is fed upwards to return to the starting plane;
(3) rotating the handle of the bidirectional positioning mechanism to clockwise rotate to enable the mortise of the turbine disc to clockwise rotate to the position of the next mortise, and repeating the step (2) to perform forming grinding processing;
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3), and realizing the forming grinding processing of the forming surfaces on one sides of all the mortises one by one;
(5) the locating pin is pulled out, the supporting rod is rotated by 180 degrees, the supporting rod above the mortise of the turbine disc is axially and symmetrically rotated by taking the shaft as the axis, the locating pin is inserted again for fixation, the position exchange of the unmachined mortise forming surface and the machined mortise forming surface is realized at the moment, and the steps (1) to (3) are repeated, so that the forming and grinding processing of the mortise of the whole turbine disc can be realized.
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CN202011079154.6A CN112296814A (en) | 2020-10-10 | 2020-10-10 | Clamping platform for forming and grinding machining of mortise of integral turbine disc and operation process of clamping platform |
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CN202011079154.6A CN112296814A (en) | 2020-10-10 | 2020-10-10 | Clamping platform for forming and grinding machining of mortise of integral turbine disc and operation process of clamping platform |
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