CN112290231A - Ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112290231A CN112290231A CN202011056074.9A CN202011056074A CN112290231A CN 112290231 A CN112290231 A CN 112290231A CN 202011056074 A CN202011056074 A CN 202011056074A CN 112290231 A CN112290231 A CN 112290231A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna, which comprises a plastic shell, a first spiral antenna and a second spiral antenna, wherein the plastic shell comprises a first end surface and a second end surface, a metal reflecting plate is fixed on the second end surface, the reflecting surface of the metal reflecting plate faces the first end surface, an SMA interface is fixedly connected onto the metal reflecting plate, the cross section of the plastic shell from the first end surface to the second end surface is gradually reduced, the metal reflecting plate is arranged, the radiation of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna towards the second end surface can be reflected, the directional radiation characteristics of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna are better, and the arrangement of a dielectric plate, a microstrip line and a ground wire ensures that a microstrip balun structure is formed inside the plastic shell, so that the input impedance of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna is reduced, the direct feed of the SMA interface is facilitated, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an ultra wide band conical logarithmic spiral antenna.
Background
The conical logarithmic spiral antenna is a broadband, circularly polarized antenna, which can obtain the characteristic of single-direction radiation without using a reflecting cavity or a reflecting surface. The optical fiber has the characteristics of broadband, directional radiation, circular polarization and the like, so that the optical fiber can be used for aspects of military electronic countermeasure, communication measurement and the like;
however, the existing conical logarithmic spiral antenna has the problem of complex structure, and the input impedance of the antenna is high, so that the direct feeding of the SMA interface is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna which is convenient for direct feed of an SMA interface and has a simple structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna comprises a plastic shell, a first spiral antenna and a second spiral antenna, wherein the plastic shell comprises a first end face and a second end face, a metal reflecting plate is fixed on the second end face, the reflecting face of the metal reflecting plate faces the first end face, an SMA interface is fixedly connected onto the metal reflecting plate, the cross section of the plastic shell from the first end face to the second end face is gradually reduced, a dielectric plate is arranged between the first end face and the second end face so as to form a first cavity and a second cavity in the plastic shell, a microstrip line is arranged on one side face of the dielectric plate, a ground wire is arranged on the side face of the dielectric plate, which is deviated from the microstrip line, the microstrip line and the ground wire extend to the first end face from the second end face respectively, and an inner core of the SMA interface is connected with the microstrip line, the outer core of the SMA interface is connected with the ground wire, the first spiral antenna is wound on the outer surface of the plastic shell, the first spiral antenna rotates for 180 degrees around a connecting line between the center of the first end face and the center of the second end face to form the second spiral antenna, one end, close to the first end face, of the first spiral antenna is connected with the microstrip line, and one end, close to the first end face, of the second spiral antenna is connected with the ground wire.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first end face and the second end face are both circular, and the ratio of the diameter of the first end face to the diameter of the second end face is greater than one twentieth and less than one fiftieth.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the microstrip line and the ground line are both perpendicular to the second end surface.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of turns of the first helical antenna is 8 or more.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first end face is parallel to the second end face, and the distance between the first end face and the second end face is greater than 400 mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the radius of the first end surface is 10mm, the radius of the second end surface is 160mm, the taper angle of the plastic housing is 10.6 degrees, and the included angles between the first helical antenna and the second end surface are both 0 degree.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner wall of the plastic shell is provided with two clamping grooves which are oppositely arranged, and the dielectric plate is inserted between the two clamping grooves.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a pitch of the first helical antenna gradually increases from the first end face to the second end face.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a first conductive block is fixedly connected between the first helical antenna and the microstrip line, a second conductive block is fixedly connected between the second helical antenna and the ground line, and the first conductive block and the second conductive block respectively penetrate through the plastic housing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first conductive block and the second conductive block are both cylindrical, and a connecting line between the first conductive block and the second conductive block is perpendicular to the dielectric plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the metal reflecting plate is arranged in the invention, and can reflect the radiation of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna towards the second end surface, so that the directional radiation characteristics of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna are better, and the arrangement of the dielectric plate, the microstrip line and the ground wire enables a microstrip balun structure to be formed inside the plastic shell, so that the input impedance of the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna is reduced, the direct feed of an SMA interface is facilitated, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at the dielectric plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another alternate view of a dielectric slab in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at A of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of standing wave ratio test data for the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plot of axial ratio test data for the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a plastic housing; 11. a first end face; 12. a second end face; 13. a first conductive block; 14. a second conductive block; 2. a first helical antenna; 3. a second helical antenna; 4. a metal reflective plate; 5. an SMA interface; 6. a dielectric plate; 61. a microstrip line; 62. and a ground line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "bottom" and "top," "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an ultra wide band conical logarithmic spiral antenna of this embodiment includes a plastic housing 1, a first spiral antenna 2 and a second spiral antenna 3, the plastic housing 1 includes a first end surface 11 and a second end surface 12, the second end surface 12 is fixed with a metal reflection plate 4, a reflection surface of the metal reflection plate 4 faces the first end surface 11, the metal reflection plate 4 is arranged to function as a fixed SMA interface 5 and reflect radiation, which is generated by the first spiral antenna 2 and the second spiral antenna 3 and faces the second end surface 12, the metal reflection plate 4 is fixedly connected with the SMA interface 5, a cross section of the plastic housing 1 along the first end surface 11 to the second end surface 12 is gradually reduced, so that radiation, which faces the first end surface 11, of the first spiral antenna 2 and the second spiral antenna 3 is greater than radiation, which faces the second end surface 12, a dielectric plate 6 is arranged between the first end surface 11 and the second end surface 12, so that a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the plastic shell 1, a microstrip line 61 is arranged on one side surface of the dielectric plate 6, a ground wire 62 is arranged on one side surface of the dielectric plate 6, which is deviated from the microstrip line 61, the microstrip line 61 and the ground wire 62 extend from the second end surface 12 to the first end surface 11 respectively, the inner core of the SMA interface 5 is connected with the microstrip line 61, the outer core of the SMA interface 5 is connected with the ground wire 62, and the arrangement of the dielectric plate 6, the microstrip line 61 and the ground wire 62 forms a microstrip balun structure inside the plastic shell 1, so that the input impedance of the first helical antenna 2 and the second helical antenna 3 is reduced, the direct feed of the SMA interface 5 is facilitated, and the microstrip balun structure is combined with the gradual reduction of the cross section of the plastic shell 1 from the first end surface 11 to the second end surface 12, so that the impedance of the dielectric plate 6 at the first end surface 11 is the same, the good standing wave performance and the good axial ratio performance of the first spiral antenna 2 and the second spiral antenna 3 in the 1-10GHz ultra-wide band can be realized, the first spiral antenna 2 is wound on the outer surface of the plastic shell 1, the first spiral antenna 2 rotates 180 degrees around a connecting line between the center of the first end surface 11 and the center of the second end surface 12 to form the second spiral antenna 3, one end of the first spiral antenna 2 close to the first end surface 11 is connected with the microstrip line 61, and one end of the second spiral antenna 3 close to the first end surface 11 is connected with the ground wire 62.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first end surface 11 and the second end surface 12 are both circular, the ratio of the diameter of the first end surface 11 to the diameter of the second end surface 12 is greater than one twentieth and less than one fiftieth, and the setting of the range of the ratio of the diameter of the first end surface 11 to the diameter of the second end surface 12 changes the input impedance of the first helical antenna 2 and the second helical antenna 3.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the microstrip line 61 and the ground line 62 are perpendicular to the second end face 12, so that the transmission distance between the microstrip line 61 and the ground line 62 is the shortest, and the transmission time is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first helical antenna 2 has a number of windings equal to or greater than 8. The first end face 11 is parallel to the second end face 12, and the distance between the first end face 11 and the second end face 12 is larger than 400 mm.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the radius of the first end surface 11 is 10mm, the radius of the second end surface 12 is 160mm, the taper angle of the plastic housing 1 is 10.6 degrees, and the included angles between the first helical antenna 2 and the second helical antenna 3 and the second end surface 12 are both 0 degree, so that the input impedance of the first helical antenna 2 and the second helical antenna 3 is changed from 188 ohms to 50 ohms, which facilitates the direct feeding of the SMA. In addition, in the range of 1-10GHz, the whole ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna has good standing wave performance, and the axial ratio within 50 degrees can be less than 3 below 4GHz, so that the circular polarization characteristic of the ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna is realized.
Two clamping grooves (not shown in the figure) are formed in the inner wall of the plastic shell 1, the two clamping grooves are arranged oppositely, the medium plate 6 is connected with the two clamping grooves in an inserting mode, and the clamping grooves are arranged to facilitate fixing of the medium plate 6.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the pitch of the first helical antenna 2 gradually increases from the first end surface 11 to the second end surface 12, so as to ensure that the included angles between the first helical antenna 2 and the first end surface 11 and between the second helical antenna 3 and the first end surface 11 are constant.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first conductive block 13 is fixedly connected between the first helical antenna 2 and the microstrip line 61, the first conductive block 13 is arranged so that the helical shape of the first helical antenna 2 is not changed, a second conductive block 14 is fixedly connected between the second helical antenna 3 and the ground line 62, the second conductive block 14 is arranged so that the helical shape of the second helical antenna 3 is not changed, and the first conductive block 13 and the second conductive block 14 respectively penetrate through the plastic housing 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first conductive block 13 and the second conductive block 14 are both cylindrical, and a connecting line between the first conductive block 13 and the second conductive block 14 is perpendicular to the dielectric plate 6, so that the length required by the first conductive block 13 and the second conductive block 14 is reduced.
The working principle is as follows: the SMA interface is connected with the radio frequency cable, and gives excitation signals to the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna, so that the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna start to work, electromagnetic waves are emitted, and the first spiral antenna and the second spiral antenna radiate from the second end face to the first end face.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna, characterized in that: the antenna comprises a plastic shell (1), a first spiral antenna (2) and a second spiral antenna (3), wherein the plastic shell (1) comprises a first end face (11) and a second end face (12), a metal reflecting plate (4) is fixed on the second end face (12), the reflecting face of the metal reflecting plate (4) faces towards the first end face (11), an SMA interface (5) is fixedly connected onto the metal reflecting plate (4), the cross section of the plastic shell (1) from the first end face (11) to the second end face (12) is gradually reduced, a dielectric plate (6) is arranged between the first end face (11) and the second end face (12) so as to form a first cavity and a second cavity in the plastic shell (1), a microstrip line (61) is arranged on one side face of the dielectric plate (6), and a ground wire (62) is arranged on the side face of the dielectric plate (6) deviating from the microstrip line (61), the microstrip line (61) and the ground wire (62) respectively extend from the second end face (12) to the first end face (11), the inner core of the SMA interface (5) is connected with the microstrip line (61), the outer core of the SMA interface (5) is connected with the ground wire (62), the first spiral antenna (2) is wound on the outer surface of the plastic shell (1), the first spiral antenna (2) is wound on the connecting line between the center of the first end face (11) and the center of the second end face (12) to rotate 180 degrees so as to form the second spiral antenna (3), one end, close to the first end face (11), of the first spiral antenna (2) is connected with the microstrip line (61), and one end, close to the first end face (11), of the second spiral antenna (3) is connected with the ground wire (62).
2. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 1, wherein: the plastic shell (1) is in a circular truncated cone shape, the first end face (11) and the second end face (12) are both circular, and the ratio of the diameter of the first end face (11) to the diameter of the second end face (12) is larger than one tenth of two and smaller than one fiftieth of one.
3. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 2, wherein: the microstrip line (61) and the ground wire (62) are both perpendicular to the second end face (12).
4. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 2, wherein: the number of winding turns of the first spiral antenna (2) is more than or equal to 8.
5. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 2, wherein: the first end face (11) is parallel to the second end face (12), and the distance between the first end face (11) and the second end face (12) is larger than 400 mm.
6. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 2, wherein: the radius of the first end face (11) is 10mm, the radius of the second end face (12) is 160mm, the taper angle of the plastic shell (1) is 10.6 degrees, and the included angle between the first spiral antenna (2) and the second spiral antenna (3) and the second end face (12) is 0 degree.
7. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 1, wherein: two clamping grooves are formed in the inner wall of the plastic shell (1), the two clamping grooves are arranged oppositely, and the dielectric plate (6) is inserted between the two clamping grooves.
8. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 1, wherein: the pitch of the first helical antenna (2) gradually increases along the first end face (11) to the second end face (12).
9. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 1, wherein: a first conductive block (13) is fixedly connected between the first spiral antenna (2) and the microstrip line (61), a second conductive block (14) is fixedly connected between the second spiral antenna (3) and the ground wire (62), and the first conductive block (13) and the second conductive block (14) penetrate through the plastic shell (1) respectively.
10. The ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna of claim 9, wherein: the first conductive block (13) and the second conductive block (14) are both cylindrical, and a connecting line between the first conductive block (13) and the second conductive block (14) is perpendicular to the dielectric plate (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011056074.9A CN112290231B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011056074.9A CN112290231B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112290231A true CN112290231A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112290231B CN112290231B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011056074.9A Active CN112290231B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Ultra-wideband conical logarithmic spiral antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113655349A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 南京征途信息技术有限公司 | Power transmission and transformation ultrahigh frequency partial discharge sensor and method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103490153A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Subminiature ultra-wide-band helical antenna |
| CN104733870A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarization broadband helical antenna |
| US20150295324A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Ultra-wideband antenna |
-
2020
- 2020-09-29 CN CN202011056074.9A patent/CN112290231B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103490153A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Subminiature ultra-wide-band helical antenna |
| US20150295324A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN104733870A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarization broadband helical antenna |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113655349A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 南京征途信息技术有限公司 | Power transmission and transformation ultrahigh frequency partial discharge sensor and method thereof |
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| CN112290231B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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