CN112285583B - Method, device and system for testing maximum capacity of battery cell - Google Patents
Method, device and system for testing maximum capacity of battery cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285583B CN112285583B CN202011069110.5A CN202011069110A CN112285583B CN 112285583 B CN112285583 B CN 112285583B CN 202011069110 A CN202011069110 A CN 202011069110A CN 112285583 B CN112285583 B CN 112285583B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The application provides a test method, a test device and a test system for the maximum capacity of an electric core, wherein a battery to be tested comprises a plurality of electric cores which are sequentially connected in series, and the test method comprises the following steps: charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time; and calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data. According to the testing method, the battery to be tested is directly charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, so that the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data, the battery to be tested is prevented from being disassembled in the testing process, the technical effect that the maximum capacity of each battery cell in the battery to be tested can be measured without being disassembled is achieved, and the health state of the battery can be conveniently evaluated according to the maximum capacity of each battery cell.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery cell capacity testing, in particular to a method, a device, a computer readable storage medium, a processor and a system for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell.
Background
With the gradual industrialization of electric vehicles, the output of electric vehicles in China is rapidly increased, and the reserve of power batteries of electric vehicles is increased rapidly. Under the general condition, in order to ensure the safety performance and the service performance of an automobile, an automobile manufacturer can monitor the health state of an electric core in a vehicle battery system, and the current mainstream monitoring means comprises two monitoring means, namely, the SOH of the battery system is monitored on line through a vehicle-mounted BMS system, and the maximum capacity of the electric core in the battery system is obtained through testing and then calculated according to a testing result so as to evaluate the health state of the battery.
Along with the increase of service life and mileage, the consistency of a battery system is gradually reduced, the maximum capacity difference of the battery cells in the system is larger and larger, the online monitoring of the SOH of the battery system cannot truly reflect the maximum capacity of each battery cell in the system, however, the disassembly of the battery system is absolutely unrealistic, and the maximum capacity of the battery cells is tested one by one.
Therefore, it is very important to develop a method for obtaining the maximum capacity of each cell in the system without disassembling the battery system.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the technology described herein and, therefore, it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application mainly aims to provide a method, a device, a computer-readable storage medium, a processor, and a testing system for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell, so as to solve the problem that the maximum capacity of the battery cell in the prior art needs to be disassembled.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing maximum capacity of battery cells, where a battery to be tested includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series in sequence, and the method includes: charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time; and calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data.
Optionally, charging and discharging a battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, including: performing constant current charging on the battery to be tested for multiple times until the battery to be tested is fully charged, wherein the current of each constant current charging is a first preset current, the constant current charging is performed for multiple times and corresponds to multiple first preset currents, the multiple first preset currents are subjected to constant current charging tests in sequence from large to small, and the battery to be tested is powered off for preset time between two adjacent times of charging; performing constant-current discharge on the battery to be tested by adopting a second preset current to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises a first discharge time, a second discharge time, a third discharge time and a discharge current, the first discharge time is the discharge time required from a first voltage to the voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge, the second discharge time is the discharge time required from the voltage at which the battery cell finishes discharging to a second voltage, the third discharge time is the discharge time from the discharge start to the discharge end of the battery cell, the discharge current is the instantaneous current of each moment in the discharge process of the battery cell, the first voltage is the maximum discharge voltage of the battery cells, and the second voltage is the minimum discharge voltage of the battery cells.
Optionally, performing constant current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, including: collecting discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time of each battery cell in a discharge process; comparing the discharge voltage of each battery cell to determine the first voltage and the second voltage; determining a first battery cell and a second battery cell according to the first voltage and the second voltage, wherein the first battery cell is a battery cell of which the voltage at the beginning of discharging is equal to the first voltage, and the second battery cell is a battery cell of which the voltage at the end of discharging is equal to the second voltage; determining the first discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a first corresponding relationship, determining the second discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a second corresponding relationship, and determining the third discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a third corresponding relationship, where the first corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the first voltage and the voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge and the discharge time of the first battery cell, the second corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the second voltage and the voltage at which the battery cell finishes to discharge and the discharge time of the second battery cell, and the third corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge and the voltage at which the battery cell finishes to discharge and the discharge time of the battery cell; and determining the corresponding discharge current according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time and the third discharge time.
Optionally, calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data includes: and calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, the third discharge time and the discharge current.
Optionally, before the battery to be tested is subjected to the charge and discharge test, the method further includes: and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature.
Optionally, after performing a constant current charging test on the battery to be tested by using a first predetermined current, and before performing a discharging test on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current, the method further includes: and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a device for testing maximum capacity of battery cells, where a battery to be tested includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series in sequence, and the device includes: the test unit is used for charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time; and the calculating unit is used for calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data.
According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes any one of the test methods.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a processor, configured to run a program, where the program executes any one of the test methods when running.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a test system, including a device for testing a maximum capacity of a battery to be tested and a battery core, including: the test device comprises a test module for executing any one of the test methods.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the method for testing the maximum capacity of the battery core, the battery to be tested includes a plurality of battery cores connected in series in sequence, first, the battery to be tested is charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery core, the discharge data includes discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and then, the maximum capacity of each battery core is calculated according to the discharge data. According to the testing method, the battery to be tested is directly charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, so that the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data, the battery to be tested is prevented from being disassembled in the testing process, the technical effect that the maximum capacity of each battery cell in the battery to be tested can be measured without being disassembled is achieved, and the health state of the battery can be conveniently evaluated according to the maximum capacity of each battery cell.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of testing the maximum capacity of a cell according to an embodiment of the present application; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cell maximum capacity testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As mentioned in the background of the invention, in order to solve the above problem, in the prior art, which requires disassembly of the maximum capacity of the cell in the battery, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a method, a testing apparatus, a computer-readable storage medium, a processor and a testing system for testing the maximum capacity of the cell are provided.
According to the embodiment of the application, a method for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell is provided, and a battery to be tested comprises a plurality of battery cells which are sequentially connected in series.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for testing maximum capacity of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
step S101, charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time;
and S102, calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data.
In the method for testing the maximum capacity of the battery cell, the battery to be tested comprises a plurality of battery cells which are sequentially connected in series, firstly, the battery to be tested is charged and discharged, the discharge data of each battery cell is obtained, the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and then, the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data. According to the test method, the battery to be tested is directly charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, so that the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data, the battery to be tested is prevented from being disassembled in the test process, the technical effect that the maximum capacity of each battery cell in the battery to be tested can be measured without disassembling is achieved, and the health state of the battery can be conveniently evaluated according to the maximum capacity of each battery cell.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
In an embodiment of the present application, charge and discharge to the battery that awaits measuring, obtain the discharge data of each above-mentioned electric core, include: performing constant current charging on the battery to be tested for multiple times until the battery to be tested is fully charged, wherein the current of each constant current charging is a first preset current, the constant current charging is performed for multiple times corresponding to multiple first preset currents, the multiple first preset currents are subjected to constant current charging tests in sequence from large to small, and the battery to be tested is powered off for preset time between two adjacent times of charging; and performing constant-current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each cell, where the discharge data includes a first discharge time, a second discharge time, a third discharge time and a discharge current, the first discharge time is a discharge time required from a first voltage to a voltage at which the cell starts to discharge, the second discharge time is a discharge time required from a voltage at which the cell finishes discharging to a second voltage, the third discharge time is a discharge time from the start of discharge to the end of discharge of the cell, the discharge current is an instantaneous current at each time during the discharge of the cell, the first voltage is a maximum discharge voltage of the plurality of cells, and the second voltage is a minimum discharge voltage of the plurality of cells. Specifically, a plurality of above-mentioned first predetermined currents carry out the constant current charging test in proper order from big to little, adopt heavy current to charge to full electricity earlier, in order to reduce the charge time, then adopt the undercurrent to charge to full electricity, in order to avoid battery polarization to lead to the problem that the battery can't be full of, thereby guarantee that the battery that awaits measuring is full of, between the adjacent twice charging, with the battery outage scheduled time that awaits measuring, can dispel the heat to the battery that awaits measuring that the charging process temperature rose, reduce the influence of temperature to the battery capacity of awaiting measuring, last discharge process adopts the whole discharge data of each electric core of monitoring of BMS, obtain first discharge time, second discharge time and third discharge time.
More specifically, the first preset currents are 0.3C, 0.2C, 0.1C and 0.05C, the preset time is 30s, and the second preset current is 0.3C, namely, the first preset current is 0.3C constant current charging until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the second preset current is 0.3C, the power failure is carried out for 30s, then the 0.2C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the power failure is carried out for 30s, then the 0.1C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the power failure is carried out for 30s, finally the 0.05C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, after the charging is completed, the 0.3C constant current discharging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the discharging voltage, the discharging current and the discharging time of each battery cell are monitored in the whole discharging process, and the discharging data including the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time of each battery cell are obtained.
In an embodiment of the application, performing constant current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each of the battery cells, includes: collecting the discharge voltage, the discharge current and the discharge time of each battery cell in the discharge process; comparing the discharge voltage of each battery cell to determine the first voltage and the second voltage; determining a first cell and a second cell according to the first voltage and the second voltage, wherein the first cell is a cell with a discharge starting voltage equal to the first voltage, and the second cell is a cell with a discharge ending voltage equal to the second voltage; determining the first discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a first correspondence relationship, the second discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a second correspondence relationship, and the third discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a third correspondence relationship, where the first correspondence relationship is a correspondence relationship between the first voltage and the voltage at which the cell starts to discharge and the discharge time of the first cell, the second correspondence relationship is a correspondence relationship between the second voltage and the voltage at which the cell ends to discharge and the discharge time of the second cell, and the third correspondence relationship is a correspondence relationship between the voltage at which the cell starts to discharge and the voltage at which the cell ends to discharge and the discharge time of the cell; and determining the corresponding discharge current according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time and the third discharge time. Specifically, the discharging process adopts a BMS to monitor the discharging data of each battery cell in the whole process, collects the discharging voltage, the discharging current and the discharging time of each battery cell in the discharging process, determines the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time corresponding to each battery cell according to the discharging data, and determines the corresponding discharging current according to the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time.
In an embodiment of the present application, calculating the maximum capacity of each electrical core according to the discharge data includes: and calculating the maximum capacity of the battery cell according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, the third discharge time and the discharge current. Specifically, the calculation formula of the maximum capacity of the battery cell is
Wherein Q max Is the maximum capacity of the cell, t 1 A first discharge time, t 2 A second discharge time, t 3 And I is the discharge current of the battery cell.
It should be noted that, as the service life of the battery increases, the consistency of the battery cells in the battery gradually decreases, which causes differences between the discharge voltages at the beginning of discharge of each battery cell, and differences between the discharge voltages at the end of discharge of each battery cell, that is, the voltage at which a part of the battery cells start to discharge may reach the first voltage, the voltage at which other battery cells start to discharge may not reach the first voltage, the voltage at which a part of the battery cells end to discharge may decrease to the second voltage, and the voltage at which other battery cells end to discharge may decrease to the second voltage, therefore, the battery cell at which the voltage at the beginning of discharge may reach the first voltage is recorded as the first battery cell, the voltage at the end of discharge may decrease to the second voltage is recorded as the second battery cell, and the remaining battery cells are recorded as the third battery cell.
The calculation of the maximum capacity of the battery cell is divided into three cases, namely, in the first case, when the battery cell to be measured is the first battery cell, the first discharge time t 1 Is zero, the second discharge time t 2 The discharge time required for the second cell to reach the second voltage from the voltage at which the discharge of the first cell ends,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the second battery cell from the voltage of the first battery cell at the end of discharge to the second voltage, and the third discharge time t 3 The time from the start of discharge to the end of discharge of the first cell,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current corresponding to the beginning to the end of the discharge of the first cell, and the second discharge time t is the first discharge time t when the cell to be measured is the second cell 1 The discharge time required for the first cell to reach a voltage at which discharge of the second cell starts from the first voltage,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the first cell from the first voltage to the voltage process of starting discharge of the second cell, and the second discharge time t 2 Is zero, the third discharge time t 3 The time from the beginning of the discharge of the second cell to the end of the discharge,
the middle discharge current I is the discharge current corresponding to the discharge start to the discharge end of the second battery cell, and the third is thatUnder the condition that the electric core to be tested is the third electric core, the first discharging time t 1 The discharge time required for the first cell to reach a voltage at which discharge from the first cell to the third cell starts,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the first battery cell in the voltage process from the first voltage to the discharge start of the third battery cell, and the second discharge time t 2 The discharge time required for the second cell to reach the second voltage from the voltage at which the discharge of the third cell ends,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the second battery cell from the voltage of the third battery cell at the end of discharge to the second voltage, and the third discharge time t 3 The time from the discharge start of the third cell to the discharge end is the time,
the medium discharge current I is a discharge current corresponding to the discharge start to the discharge end of the third electric core.
In an embodiment of the present application, before performing the charge and discharge test on the battery to be tested, the method further includes: and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature. Specifically, the battery to be tested is powered off and is placed, so that the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature, and the influence of the temperature on the capacity of the battery is reduced.
In an embodiment of the application, after performing a constant current charging test on the battery to be tested by using the first predetermined current and before performing a discharging test on the battery to be tested by using the second predetermined current, the method further includes: and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the environmental temperature. Specifically, the battery to be tested is powered off and is placed, so that the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature, and the influence of the temperature on the capacity of the battery is reduced.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a device for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell, and it should be noted that the device for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell according to the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the method for testing the maximum capacity of a battery cell according to the embodiment of the present application. The following introduces the test device for the maximum capacity of the battery core provided by the embodiment of the application, and the battery to be tested comprises a plurality of battery cores which are sequentially connected in series.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for testing maximum capacity of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes:
the test unit 10 is configured to charge and discharge the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, where the discharge data includes discharge voltage, discharge current, and discharge time;
and the calculating unit 20 is configured to calculate the maximum capacity of each cell according to the discharge data.
In the above-mentioned test device for maximum capacity of electric core, the battery to be tested includes a plurality of electric cores connected in series in sequence, the test unit charges and discharges the battery to be tested to obtain the discharge data of each electric core, the discharge data includes discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and the calculation unit calculates the maximum capacity of each electric core according to the discharge data. This testing arrangement directly charges and discharges the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the discharge data of each electric core to calculate the maximum capacity of each electric core according to the discharge data, the test procedure has avoided dismantling the battery that awaits measuring, has realized need not to dismantle and can record the technological effect of the maximum capacity of each electric core in the battery that awaits measuring, so that assess the health status of battery according to the maximum capacity of each electric core.
In an embodiment of the present application, the test unit includes a charging control module and a discharging control module, where the charging control module is configured to perform constant current charging on the battery to be tested for multiple times until the battery to be tested is fully charged, a current of each time of the constant current charging is a first predetermined current, the multiple times of the constant current charging corresponds to multiple first predetermined currents, the multiple first predetermined currents perform constant current charging tests sequentially from large to small, and the battery to be tested is powered off for a predetermined time between two adjacent times of charging; the discharge control module is configured to perform constant-current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each of the battery cells, where the discharge data includes a first discharge time, a second discharge time, a third discharge time, and a discharge current, the first discharge time is a discharge time required from a first voltage to a voltage at which the battery cells start to discharge, the second discharge time is a discharge time required from a voltage at which the battery cells end to discharge to a second voltage, the third discharge time is a discharge time from the start to the end of discharge of the battery cells, the discharge current is an instantaneous current at each time during a discharge process of the battery cells, the first voltage is a maximum discharge voltage among the battery cells, and the second voltage is a minimum discharge voltage among the battery cells. Specifically, a plurality of the first preset currents are sequentially subjected to constant current charging test from large to small, namely, large current is firstly adopted for charging to full charge to reduce charging time, then small current charging is adopted for charging to full charge to avoid the problem that the battery cannot be fully charged due to battery polarization, so that the battery to be tested is fully charged, the battery to be tested is ensured to be fully charged, the battery to be tested is charged twice, the preset time for power failure of the battery to be tested can be set, the battery to be tested with the temperature increased in the charging process can be cooled, the influence of the temperature on the capacity of the battery to be tested is reduced, and finally, the discharging data of each battery cell is monitored in the whole process of BMS in the discharging process, so that the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time are obtained.
More specifically, the first preset currents are 0.3C, 0.2C, 0.1C and 0.05C, the preset time is 30s, and the second preset current is 0.3C, namely, the first preset current is 0.3C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the power failure is carried out for 30s, then the 0.2C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the power failure is carried out for 30s, then the 0.1C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the power failure is carried out for 30s, finally the 0.05C constant current charging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, after the charging is completed, the 0.3C constant current discharging is carried out until the battery to be tested is fully charged, and the discharging voltage, the discharging current and the discharging time of each battery cell are monitored in the whole discharging process by using the BMS, so that the discharging data of each battery cell including the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time are obtained.
In an embodiment of the application, the discharge control module includes a collecting submodule, a first determining submodule, a second determining submodule, and a third determining submodule, where the collecting submodule is configured to collect a discharge voltage, a discharge current, and a discharge time of each electrical core in a discharge process; comparing the discharge voltage of each battery cell to determine the first voltage and the second voltage; the first determining submodule is configured to determine, according to the first voltage and the second voltage, a first cell and a second cell, where the first cell is a cell in which a voltage at which discharge starts is equal to the first voltage, and the second cell is a cell in which a voltage at which discharge ends is equal to the second voltage; the second determining submodule is configured to determine the first discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a first corresponding relationship, determine the second discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a second corresponding relationship, and determine the third discharge time corresponding to the cell according to a third corresponding relationship, where the first corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the first voltage and a voltage at which the cell starts to discharge and the discharge time of the first cell, the second corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the second voltage and a voltage at which the cell finishes discharging and the discharge time of the second cell, and the third corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between a voltage at which the cell starts to discharge and a voltage at which the cell finishes discharging and the discharge time of the cell; the third determining submodule is configured to determine the corresponding discharge current according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, and the third discharge time. Specifically, the BMS is adopted in the discharging process to monitor the discharging data of each battery cell in the whole discharging process, the discharging voltage, the discharging current and the discharging time of each battery cell in the discharging process are collected, the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time corresponding to each battery cell are determined according to the discharging data, and the corresponding discharging current is determined according to the first discharging time, the second discharging time and the third discharging time.
In an embodiment of the present application, the calculating unit includes a calculating module, and the calculating module is configured to calculate the first discharge time, the second discharge time, and the third discharge time according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, and the third discharge time,And calculating the third discharge time and the discharge current to obtain the maximum capacity of the battery cell. Specifically, the calculation formula of the maximum capacity of the battery cell is
Wherein Q is max Is the maximum capacity of the cell, t 1 A first discharge time, t 2 For a second discharge time, t 3 And I is the discharge current of the battery cell.
It should be noted that, as the service life of the battery increases, the consistency of the battery cells in the battery gradually decreases, which causes differences between the discharge voltages at the beginning of discharge of each battery cell, and differences between the discharge voltages at the end of discharge of each battery cell, that is, the voltage at which a part of the battery cells start to discharge may reach the first voltage, the voltage at which other battery cells start to discharge may not reach the first voltage, the voltage at which a part of the battery cells end to discharge may decrease to the second voltage, and the voltage at which other battery cells end to discharge may decrease to the second voltage, therefore, the battery cell at which the voltage at the beginning of discharge may reach the first voltage is recorded as the first battery cell, the voltage at the end of discharge may decrease to the second voltage is recorded as the second battery cell, and the remaining battery cells are recorded as the third battery cell.
The calculation of the maximum capacity of the battery cell is divided into three cases, namely, in the first case, when the battery cell to be measured is the first battery cell, the first discharge time t 1 Is zero, the second discharge time t 2 The discharge time required for the second cell to reach the second voltage from the voltage at which the discharge of the first cell ended,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the second battery cell from the voltage of the first battery cell at the end of discharge to the second voltage, and the third discharge time t 3 The time from the beginning of the discharge of the first cell to the end of the discharge,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current corresponding to the beginning to the end of the discharge of the first battery cell, and the second type is the discharge current corresponding to the second battery cell when the battery cell to be tested is the second battery cellFirst discharge time t 1 The discharge time required for the first cell to reach a voltage at which discharge of the second cell starts from the first voltage,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the first cell from the first voltage to the voltage process of starting discharge of the second cell, and the second discharge time t 2 Is zero, the third discharge time t 3 The time from the beginning of the discharge of the second cell to the end of the discharge,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current corresponding to the discharge from the discharge start to the discharge end of the second cell, and the third discharge time t is the first discharge time t under the condition that the cell to be measured is the third cell 1 The discharge time required for the first cell to reach a voltage at which discharge from the first cell to the third cell starts,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the first battery cell in the voltage process from the first voltage to the discharge start of the third battery cell, and the second discharge time t 2 The discharge time required for the second cell to reach the second voltage from the voltage at which the discharge of the third cell ends,
the medium discharge current I is the discharge current of the second battery cell from the voltage of the third battery cell at the end of discharge to the second voltage, and the third discharge time t 3 All the time is the time from the discharge start of the third battery cell to the discharge end,
the medium discharge current I is a discharge current corresponding to the discharge start to the discharge end of the third electric core.
In an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a first processing unit, where the first processing unit is configured to power off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature before the battery to be tested is subjected to the charge and discharge test. Specifically, the battery to be tested is powered off and is placed, so that the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature, and the influence of the temperature on the capacity of the battery is reduced.
In an embodiment of the application, the apparatus further includes a second processing unit, where the second processing unit is configured to, after performing a constant current charging test on the battery to be tested by using a first predetermined current, before performing a discharging test on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current, power off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature. Specifically, the battery to be tested is powered off and is placed, so that the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature, and the influence of the temperature on the capacity of the battery is reduced.
The embodiment of the application also provides a test system, which comprises a battery to be tested and a test device for testing the maximum capacity of the battery core, wherein the test device comprises a test method for executing any one of the test methods.
In the test system, the test system comprises a battery to be tested and a test device for the maximum capacity of the battery core, the battery to be tested comprises a plurality of battery cores which are sequentially connected in series, the test unit charges and discharges the battery to be tested to obtain the discharge data of each battery core, the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and the calculation unit calculates the maximum capacity of each battery core according to the discharge data. This testing arrangement directly charges and discharges the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the discharge data of each electric core to calculate the maximum capacity of each electric core according to the discharge data, the test procedure has avoided dismantling the battery that awaits measuring, has realized need not to dismantle and can record the technological effect of the maximum capacity of each electric core in the battery that awaits measuring, so that assess the health status of battery according to the maximum capacity of each electric core.
The testing device comprises a processor and a memory, the testing unit, the calculating unit and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be set to be one or more than one, and the problem that the maximum capacity of the battery cell in the battery needs to be disassembled in the prior art is solved by adjusting the kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described testing method.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program executes the test method when running.
The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, at least the following steps are realized:
step S101, charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time;
and S102, calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data.
The device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.
The present application further provides a computer program product adapted to perform a program of initializing at least the following method steps when executed on a data processing device:
step S101, charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time;
and S102, calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the above-described division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be electrical or in other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a computer-readable storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned computer-readable storage media comprise: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) In the method for testing the maximum capacity of the battery core, the battery to be tested comprises a plurality of battery cores which are sequentially connected in series, firstly, the battery to be tested is charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery core, the discharge data comprise discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and then the maximum capacity of each battery core is calculated according to the discharge data. According to the test method, the battery to be tested is directly charged and discharged to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, so that the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data, the battery to be tested is prevented from being disassembled in the test process, the technical effect that the maximum capacity of each battery cell in the battery to be tested can be measured without disassembling is achieved, and the health state of the battery can be conveniently evaluated according to the maximum capacity of each battery cell.
2) In the electric core maximum capacity testing device of this application, the battery that awaits measuring includes a plurality of electric cores that establish ties in proper order, and the test unit charges and discharges to the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the data of discharging of each electric core, and the data of discharging includes discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and the maximum capacity of each electric core is calculated according to the data of discharging to the computational element. This testing arrangement directly charges and discharges the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the discharge data of each electric core to calculate the maximum capacity of each electric core according to the discharge data, the test procedure has avoided dismantling the battery that awaits measuring, has realized need not to dismantle and can record the technological effect of the maximum capacity of each electric core in the battery that awaits measuring, so that assess the health status of battery according to the maximum capacity of each electric core.
3) In the test system of this application, including the battery and the electric core testing arrangement of the maximum capacity of awaiting measuring, the battery that awaits measuring includes a plurality of electric cores that establish ties in proper order, and test unit charges and discharges the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the data of discharging of each electric core, and the data of discharging includes discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time, and the maximum capacity of each electric core is calculated according to the data of discharging to the computational element. This testing arrangement directly charges and discharges the battery that awaits measuring, obtains the discharge data of each electric core to calculate the maximum capacity of each electric core according to the discharge data, the test procedure has avoided dismantling the battery that awaits measuring, has realized need not to dismantle and can record the technological effect of the maximum capacity of each electric core in the battery that awaits measuring, so that assess the health status of battery according to the maximum capacity of each electric core.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing the maximum capacity of an electric core is characterized in that a battery to be tested comprises a plurality of electric cores which are sequentially connected in series, and the method comprises the following steps:
charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time;
calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the discharge data, and charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing constant current charging on the battery to be tested for multiple times until the battery to be tested is fully charged, wherein the current of each constant current charging is a first preset current, the constant current charging is performed for multiple times and corresponds to multiple first preset currents, the multiple first preset currents are subjected to constant current charging tests in sequence from large to small, and the battery to be tested is powered off for a preset time between two adjacent times of charging; performing constant-current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second preset current to obtain the discharge data of each battery cell, where the discharge data includes a first discharge time, a second discharge time, a third discharge time, and a discharge current, the first discharge time is a discharge time required from a first voltage to a voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge, the second discharge time is a discharge time required from a voltage at which the battery cell finishes discharging to a second voltage, the third discharge time is a discharge time from the start of discharge to the end of discharge of the battery cell, the discharge current is an instantaneous current at each time in a discharge process of the battery cell, the first voltage is a maximum discharge voltage in the plurality of battery cells, the second voltage is a minimum discharge voltage in the plurality of battery cells, and the maximum capacity of each battery cell is calculated according to the discharge data, and the method includes: and calculating the maximum capacity of each battery cell according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, the third discharge time and the discharge current.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein performing constant current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each cell comprises:
collecting discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time of each battery cell in a discharge process;
comparing the discharge voltage of each battery cell to determine the first voltage and the second voltage;
determining a first battery cell and a second battery cell according to the first voltage and the second voltage, wherein the first battery cell is a battery cell of which the voltage at the beginning of discharging is equal to the first voltage, and the second battery cell is a battery cell of which the voltage at the end of discharging is equal to the second voltage;
determining the first discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a first corresponding relationship, determining the second discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a second corresponding relationship, and determining the third discharge time corresponding to the battery cell according to a third corresponding relationship, where the first corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the first voltage and the voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge and the discharge time of the first battery cell, the second corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the second voltage and the voltage at which the battery cell finishes discharging and the discharge time of the second battery cell, and the third corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the voltage at which the battery cell starts to discharge and the voltage at which the battery cell finishes discharging and the discharge time of the battery cell;
and determining the corresponding discharge current according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time and the third discharge time.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to subjecting the battery under test to charge and discharge testing, the method further comprises:
and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein after the constant current charging test of the battery under test with the first predetermined current and before the discharging test of the battery under test with the second predetermined current, the method further comprises:
and powering off the battery to be tested until the temperature of the battery to be tested is the same as the ambient temperature.
5. The utility model provides a test device of electric core maximum capacity, the battery that awaits measuring includes a plurality of electric cores of establishing ties in proper order, its characterized in that includes:
the test unit is used for charging and discharging the battery to be tested to obtain discharge data of each battery cell, wherein the discharge data comprises discharge voltage, discharge current and discharge time;
the test unit comprises a charging control module and a discharging control module, wherein the charging control module is used for carrying out constant current charging on the battery to be tested for multiple times until the battery to be tested is fully charged, the current of each constant current charging is a first preset current, the constant current charging for multiple times corresponds to multiple first preset currents, the multiple first preset currents are sequentially subjected to constant current charging tests from large to small, and the battery to be tested is powered off for a preset time between two adjacent times of charging; the discharge control module is configured to perform constant-current discharge on the battery to be tested by using a second predetermined current to obtain the discharge data of each of the battery cells, where the discharge data includes a first discharge time, a second discharge time, a third discharge time, and a discharge current, the first discharge time is a discharge time required from a first voltage to a voltage at which the battery cells start to discharge, the second discharge time is a discharge time required from a voltage at which the battery cells finish discharging to a second voltage, the third discharge time is a discharge time from the start of discharge to the end of discharge of the battery cells, the discharge current is an instantaneous current at each time in a discharge process of the battery cells, the first voltage is a maximum discharge voltage in the battery cells, the second voltage is a minimum discharge voltage in the battery cells, the calculation unit includes a calculation module, and the calculation module is configured to calculate a maximum capacity of the battery cells according to the first discharge time, the second discharge time, the third discharge time, and the discharge current.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program performs the test method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. A processor, characterized in that the processor is configured to run a program, wherein the program is configured to execute the testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when running.
8. The utility model provides a test system, includes the test device of the battery and the electric core maximum capacity of awaiting measuring, its characterized in that includes: the test apparatus comprising means for performing the test method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN114184969B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-11-28 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Method and device for testing reversible self-discharge capacity loss of battery cell |
| CN114264961B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-09-15 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Method and device for detecting short circuit in battery cell and electronic equipment |
| CN114447458A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-06 | 上海兰钧新能源科技有限公司 | Series capacity grading method for lithium ion battery without constant voltage charging process step |
| CN114062956B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 深圳市智安新能源科技有限公司 | Safety control method of battery and intelligent battery |
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