CN112285321A - VOCs polluted soil body aeration repair test device and test method - Google Patents
VOCs polluted soil body aeration repair test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285321A CN112285321A CN202011072796.3A CN202011072796A CN112285321A CN 112285321 A CN112285321 A CN 112285321A CN 202011072796 A CN202011072796 A CN 202011072796A CN 112285321 A CN112285321 A CN 112285321A
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Abstract
The invention provides an aeration remediation test device and a test method for VOCs polluted soil, and belongs to the technical field of environmental geotechnics. Can be used for conventional aeration tests, microorganism aeration tests, seepage pipe aeration tests and microorganism-seepage pipe aeration. The main body device comprises a test box, a sample layer, a coarse sand layer, an adsorption layer, a plurality of seepage pipes, a water tank and the like. The test box is inserted with a seepage pipe to form a seepage field during aeration. In the test process, VOCs are adsorbed by the adsorption layer in the test box and the activated carbon in the seepage pipe, and the repair efficiency of conventional aeration, microbial aeration, seepage pipe aeration and microbial-seepage pipe aeration can be quantitatively evaluated by controlling different dry densities and different aeration pressures of the samples. The test device and the method have important engineering practical significance and theoretical research value for expanding and applying the technical range of the aeration method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental geotechnical engineering, in particular to an aeration remediation test device and a test method for VOCs polluted soil.
Background
The pollutants mainly comprise three types, namely organic pollutants, heavy metal pollutants and radioactive pollutants, wherein the pollution of organic matters to soil and underground water is the most serious, and the organic matters exceed the heavy metal pollutants and the radioactive pollutants, so that the pollutants become the most main sources of the pollution of the soil and the underground water in China at present. Among many soil problems, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) such as petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, organic chlorinated solvents and the like generally exist in petroleum and chemical pollution sites, and become one of the main toxic pollutants with high potential risks in urban pollution sites in China. To address this problem, various repair techniques are currently available, such as pump-out-treatment techniques, permeable reactive barrier techniques, in situ heat treatment techniques, phytoremediation, and the like. Among them, the aeration remediation technology has become an effective method for disposing volatile organic pollutants in saturated soil and underground water because of its advantages of low cost, high efficiency, in-situ operation, environmental friendliness, etc. According to statistics, in the past 1982 + 2011, the total 92 AS treatments were used in 447 groundwater pollution in-situ remediation projects completed by the United states "super fund", and account for 21% of the total.
The aeration method repairing technology is widely applied to repairing and treating high-permeability organic polluted soil such as gravel soil, sandy soil and the like, and glass beads are often adopted to replace soil materials in indoor tests so as to facilitate visual research on gas migration forms. However, the effectiveness of aeration remediation is often limited due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the actual contaminated site formations. Therefore, in order to improve the aeration restoration effect, a surfactant-enhanced aeration technique has come to be widely used in recent years. Research proves that secondary pollution can be caused by excessive use of chemical surfactants, such as anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, other special surfactants and the like.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the aeration remediation test device and the test method for the VOCs polluted soil are developed by starting from the aeration mechanism. The test device and the test method have important engineering practical significance and theoretical research value for expanding and applying the technical range of the aeration method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and invents a device and a method for testing the aeration remediation of VOCs polluted soil.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides an aeration remediation test device for VOCs (volatile organic compounds) polluted soil, which comprises a main body device and an injection device, wherein the main body device comprises a test box, a sample layer, a coarse sand layer, an adsorption layer, a plurality of seepage pipes and two water tanks, wherein the seepage pipes and the two water tanks are uniformly distributed in the test box;
the test box is a uncovered hollow box body with a rectangular cross section, and the height of an inner cavity of the box body is H; a through hole is formed in the center of the bottom plate of the test box, a diffuser is arranged at the upper part of the through hole, and a hole of the diffuser is communicated with the through hole; marking any two parallel box plates on the test box as A plates, wherein a plurality of sampling holes are uniformly distributed on one A plate; marking the other two parallel box plates on the test box as B plates, uniformly distributing a plurality of water injection holes on the two B plates, and respectively communicating the water injection holes with the two water tanks positioned at the two sides of the test box through water injection pipes;
in the test box, a sample layer consisting of a sample, a coarse sand layer consisting of coarse sand and an adsorption layer consisting of activated carbon are arranged from bottom to top respectively, wherein the thickness of the sample layer is h, and the thickness of the coarse sand layer is h1The thickness of the adsorption layer is h2Satisfy h + h1+h2H is less than or equal to H; the seepage pipe is composed of a section of hollow pipe and a cylindrical filter screen, wherein one end of the hollow pipe is connected with the filter screen, the other end of the hollow pipe is marked as the top end of the seepage pipe, and the cavity of the hollow pipe close to the end surface of the top end is filled with active carbon; vertically penetrating a seepage pipe through the adsorption layer and the coarse sand layer and inserting the seepage pipe into the sample layer, wherein the top surface of the filter screen is flush with the top surface of the sample layer; the seepage pipe is provided with a plug for opening or blocking a pipe orifice at the top end of the seepage pipe;
the injection device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a stainless steel pipe, a pressure reducing valve A, a gas buffer tank, a pressure reducing valve B, a pressure sensor, a switch, a hydraulic pump and a three-way ball valve; one end of the stainless steel pipe is communicated with the high-pressure gas cylinder, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is communicated with one end of the three-way ball valve through a pressure reducing valve A, a gas buffer tank, a pressure reducing valve B, a pressure sensor and a switch in sequence; the other end of the three-way ball valve is communicated with the hydraulic pump through a stainless steel pipe, and a main channel of the three-way ball valve is communicated with a through hole on the bottom plate of the test box through the stainless steel pipe.
Preferably, the coarse sand layer is composed of gravel having a grain size of 1mm to 3 mm.
Preferably, the pore size of the diffuser and the pore size of the filter screen are both 50-500 μm.
The invention also provides a test method of the VOCs polluted soil aeration restoration test device, which comprises the steps of firstly dividing the samples to be tested into m types according to dry density and n types according to water content to obtain m multiplied by n types of preset samples with different dry densities and different water contents, and then carrying out aeration tests on the m multiplied by n types of preset samples one by one;
the specific test procedure for any one of the predetermined samples is as follows:
step 1, laying seepage pipes
Uniformly and vertically arranging a plurality of seepage pipes provided with plugs in the test box;
First, the dry density of the predetermined sample is recorded as ρdCalculating the mass m of the required soil powdersUniformly filling soil powder into the test box by a shakeout method to form a test sample layer with the thickness of h; then, the coarse sand is uniformly filled on the upper part of the sample layer by a shakeout method to form a coarse sand layer with the thickness of h1(ii) a Finally, uniformly filling the adsorption activated carbon particles on the upper part of the coarse sand layer by a shakeout method to form an adsorption layer with the thickness of h2；
Pouring deionized water into the two water tanks, enabling the deionized water to enter the test box through the water injection holes and the water injection pipes and saturate a preset sample, and stopping injecting the deionized water when the water level of the water tanks does not fall any more and is stabilized at a height h;
Firstly, injecting a VOCs pollutant solution with the mass of M into a sample layer through one of the sampling holes to pollute a preset sample, then, sampling liquid samples through all the sampling holes according to the interval time N for detection, closing the sampling holes after the concentration of the VOCs pollutants in each sampling hole is basically stable, and starting to perform a test;
The aeration test comprises one or any two or any more than two of a conventional aeration test, a microorganism aeration test, a seepage pipe aeration test and a microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test;
in any of the above aeration tests, x aeration pressures were set, and any one of the aeration pressures was defined as an aeration pressure P1iI 1,2 … x, i.e. for each aeration pressure P in any aeration test1iCarrying out an aeration test;
the specific steps of the conventional aeration test are step 6, the specific steps of the microbial aeration test are step 7, the specific steps of the percolation pipe aeration test are step 8, and the specific steps of the microbial-percolation pipe aeration test are step 9;
step 6, conventional aeration test
Step 6.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder, adjusting the pressure reducing valve A to enable gas to enter the gas buffer tank through the stainless steel pipe, and adjusting the gas pressure to the aeration pressure P through the pressure reducing valve B and the pressure sensor1i；
Step 6.2, opening the switch and the three-way ball valve simultaneously, namely connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve, the stainless steel pipe and the through hole on the bottom plate of the test box, starting to perform a conventional aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole according to the interval time N to perform VOCs concentration detection;
and 6.3, after the conventional aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, testing the content of the VOCs in the adsorption layer at the moment, and recording the content as the conventional aeration pollution content M1Calculating the VOCs removal rate of the conventional aeration testThe removal rate C1:
step 6.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 6.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 6.5;
step 6.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the conventional aeration test, if so, returning to the step 6.1 to perform the conventional aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the conventional aeration test;
Step 7.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder, adjusting the pressure reducing valve A to enable gas to enter the gas buffer tank through the stainless steel pipe, and adjusting the gas pressure to the aeration pressure P through the pressure reducing valve B and the pressure sensor1iSimultaneously, adding the prepared microbial solution into a hydraulic pump;
step 7.2, simultaneously opening the switch and the three-way ball valve, closing the switch after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve reaches the aeration pressure, turning the three-way ball valve to communicate the three-way ball valve with the hydraulic pump through the stainless steel pipe, namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer through the stainless steel pipe, the main channel of the three-way ball valve, the through hole and the diffuser through the hydraulic pump;
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe where a high-pressure gas cylinder is located, opening a switch, starting a microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 7.3, finishing the test after the microbial aeration test is carried out for t hours, testing the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer at the moment, and recording the amount as the microbial aeration pollution content M2Calculating the VOCs removal rate C2 of the microbial aeration test:
step 7.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 7.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 7.5;
step 7.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the microbial aeration test, if so, returning to the step 7.1 to perform the microbial aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microbial aeration test;
Step 8.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder, adjusting the pressure reducing valve A to enable gas to enter the gas buffer tank through the stainless steel pipe, and adjusting the gas pressure to the aeration pressure P through the pressure reducing valve B and the pressure sensor1And the plug of the seepage pipe is taken down;
step 8.2, opening the switch and the three-way ball valve simultaneously, namely connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve, the stainless steel pipe and the through hole on the bottom plate of the test box, starting to perform a seepage pipe aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole according to the interval time N to perform VOCs concentration detection;
and 8.3, after the percolation pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, respectively testing the quantity of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer and the quantity of VOCs adsorbed in the activated carbon in the percolation pipe at the moment, and respectively recording the quantity as the aeration pollution content M of the first percolation pipe3And the aeration pollution content M of the second seepage pipe4And calculating the VOCs removal rate C3 of the seepage pipe aeration test:
step 8.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 8.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 8.5;
step 8.5, checking whether a predetermined sample is still present in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples and not performing the seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 8.1 to perform the seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the seepage pipe aeration test;
Step 9.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder, adjusting the pressure reducing valve A to enable gas to enter the gas buffer tank through the stainless steel pipe, and adjusting the gas pressure to the aeration pressure P through the pressure reducing valve B and the pressure sensor1Simultaneously, adding the prepared microbial solution into a hydraulic pump, and taking down a plug on a seepage pipe;
step 9.2, simultaneously opening the switch and the three-way ball valve, closing the switch after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve reaches the aeration pressure, turning the three-way ball valve to communicate the three-way ball valve with the hydraulic pump through the stainless steel pipe, namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer through the stainless steel pipe, the main channel of the three-way ball valve, the through hole and the diffuser through the hydraulic pump;
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe where a high-pressure gas cylinder is located, opening a switch, starting a seepage pipe-microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 9.3, after the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, respectively testing the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer and the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the active carbon of the seepage pipe at the moment, and respectively recording as the aeration pollution content M of the first microorganism-seepage pipe5And the aeration pollution content M of the second microorganism-seepage pipe6And calculating the VOCs removal rate C4 of the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test:
step 9.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 9.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 9.5;
step 9.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples does not carry out the above microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 9.1 to carry out the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test.
Preferably, during the test, deionized water is supplemented in real time according to the water levels of the two water tanks, so as to ensure that the water level is maintained at h height.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a seepage pipe is inserted into the test box, a seepage field can be formed during aeration, and the polluted low-permeability soil body can be effectively repaired;
2. conventional aeration, microbial aeration, seepage pipe aeration and microbial-seepage pipe aeration tests can be carried out, and the aeration repair efficiency is quantitatively analyzed;
3. the device and the method principle can be applied to guide the repair of the actual polluted site;
4. the testing device is simple in structure, complete in function and convenient and fast to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the main body apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the seepage tube of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a high pressure gas cylinder; 2. a stainless steel pipe; 3. a pressure reducing valve A; 4. a gas buffer tank; 5. a pressure reducing valve B; 6. a pressure sensor; 7. a switch; 8. a hydraulic pump; 9. a three-way ball valve; 10. a test box; 11. a sample layer; 12. a through hole; 13. a diffuser; 14. a sampling hole; 15. a seepage pipe; 16. a coarse sand layer; 17. an adsorption layer; 18. a water tank; 19. a water injection hole; 20. a water injection pipe; 21. a plug; 22. activated carbon; 23. filtering with a screen; 24. a hollow pipe.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the test apparatus of the present invention. As shown in figure 1, the aeration remediation test device for VOCs polluted soil comprises a main body device and an injection device, wherein the main body device comprises a test box 10, a sample layer 11, a coarse sand layer 16, an adsorption layer 17, a plurality of seepage pipes 15 uniformly distributed in the test box and two water tanks 18.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the main body device of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the test chamber 10 is a uncovered hollow box body with a rectangular cross section, and the height of the inner cavity of the box body is H; a through hole 12 is formed in the center of the bottom plate of the test chamber 10, a diffuser 13 is arranged at the upper part of the through hole 12, and the hole of the diffuser 13 is communicated with the through hole 12; any two parallel box plates on the test box 10 are marked as a plate A, and a plurality of sampling holes 14 are uniformly distributed on one plate A and used for injecting VOCs pollutants and extracting liquid samples. The other two parallel box plates on the test box 10 are marked as the B plates, a plurality of water injection holes 19 are uniformly distributed on the two B plates, and the water injection holes 19 are respectively communicated with two water boxes 18 positioned at two sides of the test box through water injection pipes 20.
In the test chamber 10, a sample layer 11 composed of a sample, a coarse sand layer 16 composed of coarse sand and an adsorption layer 17 composed of activated carbon 22 are arranged from bottom to top, wherein the thickness of the sample layer 11 is h, and the thickness of the coarse sand layer 16 is h1The thickness of the adsorption layer 17 is h2Satisfy h + h1+h2H is less than or equal to H. The adsorption layer 17 can adsorb VOCs volatilized during the aeration test.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the seepage tube of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the seepage tube 15 is composed of a section of hollow tube 24 and a cylindrical filter screen 23, wherein one end of the hollow tube 24 is connected with the filter screen 23, the other end is marked as the top end of the seepage tube, and the cavity of the hollow tube 24 close to the end surface of the top end is filled with active carbon 22. The seepage pipe 15 is inserted into the sample layer 11 vertically through the adsorption layer 17 and the coarse sand layer 16, and the top surface of the filter screen 23 is flush with the top surface of the sample layer 11. The seepage tube 15 is provided with a plug 21 for opening or blocking the orifice at the top end of the seepage tube 15.
In this embodiment, the test chamber 10 is made of organic glass with a thickness of 1.5cm, and the inner cavity has a length of 100cm and a width of 4 cmcm and 60cm high, i.e. H60 cm. The sample layer consisted of the sample and had a height h of 48 cm. The coarse sand layer 16 is composed of gravel with the grain diameter of 1mm-3mm, h 15 cm. The adsorption layer 17 is composed of activated carbon 22 h2Is 5 cm. There are 6 seepage pipes 15 in total, and the diameter of the seepage pipe 15 is 8 mm. The hole diameters of the diffuser 13 and the screen 23 are 300 μm. The two water tanks 18 are made of organic glass with the thickness of 1.5cm, and the internal size is 10cm in length, 10cm in width and 60cm in height. The sampling hole 14 is closed with a plug when no sample is taken.
The injection device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder 1, a stainless steel pipe 2, a pressure reducing valve A3, a gas buffer tank 4, a pressure reducing valve B5, a pressure sensor 6, a switch 7, a hydraulic pump 8 and a three-way ball valve 9. One end of a stainless steel pipe 2 is communicated with a high-pressure gas cylinder 1, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is communicated with one end of a three-way ball valve 9 through a pressure reducing valve A3, a gas buffer tank 4, a pressure reducing valve B5, a pressure sensor 6 and a switch 7 in sequence; the other end of the three-way ball valve 9 is communicated with the hydraulic pump 8 through the stainless steel pipe 2, and the main channel of the three-way ball valve 9 is communicated with the through hole 12 on the bottom plate of the test chamber through the stainless steel pipe 2.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the high-pressure gas cylinder 1 can provide an injection pressure of 0MPa to 10 MPa. The range of the pressure reducing valve A3 and the range of the pressure reducing valve B5 are both 0.1MPa to 10 MPa. The pressure of the gas buffer tank 4 is 10 MPa. The range of the pressure sensor 6 is 10MPa, and the accuracy is 0.001 MPa. The stainless steel pipe 2, the pressure reducing valve A3, the pressure reducing valve B5, the gas buffer tank 4, the switch 7 and the three-way ball valve 9 are all made of 316L low-carbon stainless steel.
The invention also provides a test method of the VOCs polluted soil aeration restoration test device, which is characterized in that samples to be tested are divided into m types according to dry density and n types according to water content to obtain m multiplied by n types of preset samples with different dry densities and different water contents, and then the m multiplied by n types of preset samples are subjected to aeration test one by one.
The specific test procedure for any one of the predetermined samples is as follows:
step 1, laying seepage pipes
A plurality of seepage pipes provided with the plugs 21 are uniformly and vertically arranged in the test box 1.
First, the dry density of the predetermined sample is recorded as ρdCalculating the mass m of the required soil powdersUniformly filling soil powder into the test box 10 by a shakeout method to form a sample layer 11 with a thickness of h; then, the coarse sand is uniformly filled in the upper part of the sample layer 11 by a shakeout method to form a coarse sand layer 16 with a thickness of h1(ii) a Finally, the adsorption active carbon particles are evenly filled on the upper part of the coarse sand layer 16 by a shakeout method to form an adsorption layer 17 with the thickness of h2。
Deionized water is poured into the two water tanks 18, enters the test chamber 10 through the water injection holes 19 and the water injection pipes 20 and saturates a predetermined sample, and when the water level of the water tank 18 does not drop any more and is stabilized at a height h, the injection of the deionized water is stopped.
Firstly, VOCs pollutant solution with mass M is injected into the sample layer 11 through one of the sampling holes 14 to pollute a preset sample, then liquid samples are extracted through all the sampling holes 14 according to the interval time N for detection, after the concentration of the VOCs pollutants in each sampling hole 14 is basically stable, the sampling holes 14 are closed, and the test is started.
In the present embodiment, the interval time N is 2 hours.
In this embodiment, after the concentration of VOCs contaminants in the sample layer 11 is substantially stabilized, a filter screen is placed in each sampling hole 14, and then the sampling holes 14 are sealed by a sampling hole rubber sleeve. The specific way of extracting the liquid sample is to extract the liquid sample by using a small-size syringe.
The aeration test comprises one or any two or any more than two of a conventional aeration test, a microorganism aeration test, a seepage pipe aeration test and a microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test.
At any of the above exposureIn the gas test, x aeration pressures were set, and any one of the aeration pressures was defined as an aeration pressure P1iI 1,2 … x, i.e. for each aeration pressure P in any aeration test1iAnd carrying out an aeration test.
The specific steps of the conventional aeration test are step 6, the specific steps of the microbial aeration test are step 7, the specific steps of the percolation pipe aeration test are step 8, and the specific steps of the microbial-percolation pipe aeration test are step 9.
Step 6, conventional aeration test
Step 6.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas bottle 1, adjusting a pressure reducing valve A3 to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank 4 through a stainless steel pipe 2, and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B5 and a pressure sensor 61i；
Step 6.2, opening the switch 7 and the three-way ball valve 9 at the same time, namely, connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve 9, the stainless steel pipe 2 and the through hole 12 on the bottom plate of the test box 10, starting to carry out a conventional aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole 14 according to the interval time N to carry out VOCs concentration detection;
and 6.3, after the conventional aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, testing the content of the VOCs in the adsorption layer 17 at the moment, and recording the content as the conventional aeration pollution content M1Calculating the VOCs removal rate C1 of the conventional aeration test:
in this embodiment, M, M1All units are g, and t is 48 hours.
Step 6.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 6.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 6.5;
step 6.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the conventional aeration test, if so, returning to the step 6.1 to perform the conventional aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, the conventional aeration test is ended.
Step 7.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder 1, adjusting a pressure reducing valve A3 to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank 4 through a stainless steel pipe 2, and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B5 and a pressure sensor 61iSimultaneously, adding the prepared microorganism solution into a hydraulic pump 8;
step 7.2, simultaneously opening the switch 7 and the three-way ball valve 9, closing the switch 7 after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve 9 reaches the aeration pressure, turning the three-way ball valve 9 to communicate the three-way ball valve with the hydraulic pump 8 through the stainless steel pipe 2, namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer 11 through the stainless steel pipe 2, the main channel of the three-way ball valve 9, the through hole 12 and the diffuser 13 through the hydraulic pump 8;
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve 9 to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe 2 where a high-pressure gas cylinder 1 is located, turning on a switch 7, starting a microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole 14 according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 7.3, finishing the test after the microbial aeration test is carried out for t hours, testing the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer 17 at the moment, and recording the amount as the microbial aeration pollution content M2And calculating the VOCs removal rate C2 of the microbial aeration test:
in this embodiment, M2The unit of (c) is g.
Step 7.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 7.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 7.5;
step 7.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the microbial aeration test, if so, returning to the step 7.1 to perform the microbial aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microbial aeration test.
Step 8.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas bottle 1, adjusting a pressure reducing valve A3 to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank 4 through a stainless steel pipe 2, and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B5 and a pressure sensor 61And the plug 21 of the seepage pipe 15 is taken down;
step 8.2, opening the switch 7 and the three-way ball valve 9 at the same time, namely, connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve 9, the stainless steel pipe 2 and the through hole 12 on the bottom plate of the test box 10, starting to perform a seepage pipe aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole 14 according to the interval time N to perform VOCs concentration detection;
and 8.3, after the percolation pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, and respectively testing the quantity of the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer 17 and the quantity of the VOCs adsorbed in the activated carbon 22 in the percolation pipe 15 at the moment, and respectively recording the quantities as the aeration pollution content M of the first percolation pipe3And the aeration pollution content M of the second seepage pipe4And calculating the VOCs removal rate C3 of the seepage pipe aeration test:
in this embodiment, M3、M4The units of (A) are g.
Step 8.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 8.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 8.5;
step 8.5, checking whether a predetermined sample is still present in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples and not performing the seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 8.1 to perform the seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the seepage pipe aeration test.
Step 9.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas bottle 1, adjusting a pressure reducing valve A3 to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank 4 through a stainless steel pipe 2, and adjusting the gas pressure to be in a range of 9.32 through a pressure reducing valve B5 and a pressure sensor 6Aeration pressure P1Meanwhile, adding the prepared microbial solution into the hydraulic pump 8, and taking down the plug 21 on the seepage pipe 15;
step 9.2, simultaneously opening the switch 7 and the three-way ball valve 9, after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve 9 reaches the aeration pressure, closing the switch 7, turning the three-way ball valve 9 to communicate the three-way ball valve with the hydraulic pump 8 through the stainless steel pipe 2, namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer 11 through the stainless steel pipe 2, the main channel of the three-way ball valve 9, the through hole 12 and the diffuser 13 through the hydraulic pump 8;
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve 9 to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe 2 where a high-pressure gas cylinder 1 is located, turning on a switch 7, starting a seepage pipe-microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole 14 according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 9.3, after the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, and respectively testing the amount of the VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer 17 and the amount of the VOCs adsorbed in the seepage pipe active carbon 22 at the moment, and respectively recording the amounts as the first microorganism-seepage pipe aeration pollution content M5And the second microorganism-seepage pipe aeration pollution content M6And calculating the VOCs removal rate C4 of the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test:
in this embodiment, M5、M6The units of (A) are g.
Step 9.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 9.1 to perform next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 9.5;
step 9.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples does not carry out the above microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 9.1 to carry out the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test.
During the test, deionized water needs to be supplemented in real time according to the water levels in the two water tanks 18 to ensure that the water level is maintained at h height.
In this example, x is 5, and the aeration pressure P is1iComprises the following steps: 0.1MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.7MPa, 0.9 MPa.
In this embodiment, m is 3 and n is 4, i.e. the dry density of the predetermined sample is divided into 3 types: 1.5g/cm3、1.6 g/cm3、1.7g/cm3. The predetermined sample contains 4 kinds of water by weight: 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. A total of 12 predetermined samples were obtained, and the above test was performed on each of the 12 predetermined samples.
In the test process in this embodiment, deionized water needs to be supplemented in real time according to the water levels of the two water tanks 18 to ensure that the water level is maintained at h height.
By utilizing the test device and the method, the repair efficiency of conventional aeration, microbial aeration, seepage pipe aeration and microbial-seepage pipe aeration can be quantitatively evaluated by controlling different dry densities and different aeration pressures of the samples.
Claims (5)
1. An aeration remediation test device for VOCs polluted soil body comprises a main body device and an injection device, and is characterized in that the main body device comprises a test box (10), a sample layer (11), a coarse sand layer (16), an adsorption layer (17), a plurality of seepage pipes (15) and two water tanks (18), wherein the seepage pipes are uniformly distributed in the test box;
the test box (10) is a uncovered hollow box body with a rectangular cross section, and the height of an inner cavity of the box body is H; a through hole (12) is formed in the center of the bottom plate of the test chamber (10), a diffuser (13) is arranged at the upper part of the through hole (12), and the hole of the diffuser (13) is communicated with the through hole (12); any two parallel box plates on the test box (10) are marked as A plates, wherein a plurality of sampling holes (14) are uniformly distributed on one A plate; marking the other two parallel box plates on the test box (10) as B plates, uniformly distributing a plurality of water injection holes (19) on the two B plates, wherein the water injection holes (19) are respectively communicated with two water tanks (18) positioned at two sides of the test box through water injection pipes (20);
in the test chamber (10) described,a sample layer (11) composed of samples, a coarse sand layer (16) composed of coarse sand and an adsorption layer (17) composed of active carbon (22) from bottom to top, wherein the thickness of the sample layer (11) is h, and the thickness of the coarse sand layer (16) is h1The thickness of the adsorption layer (17) is h2Satisfy h + h1+h2H is less than or equal to H; the seepage pipe (15) is composed of a section of hollow pipe (24) and a cylindrical filter screen (23), wherein one end of the hollow pipe (24) is connected with the filter screen (23), the other end of the hollow pipe is marked as the top end of the seepage pipe, and the cavity of the hollow pipe (24) close to the end face of the top end is filled with active carbon (22); vertically penetrating a seepage pipe (15) through an adsorption layer (17) and a coarse sand layer (16) and inserting into the sample layer (11), wherein the top surface of a filter screen (23) is flush with the top surface of the sample layer (11); the seepage pipe (15) is provided with a plug (21) for opening or blocking a pipe orifice at the top end of the seepage pipe (15);
the injection device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder (1), a stainless steel pipe (2), a pressure reducing valve A (3), a gas buffer tank (4), a pressure reducing valve B (5), a pressure sensor (6), a switch (7), a hydraulic pump (8) and a three-way ball valve (9); one end of the stainless steel pipe (2) is communicated with the high-pressure gas cylinder (1), and the other end is communicated with one end of the three-way ball valve (9) through a pressure reducing valve A (3), a gas buffer tank (4), a pressure reducing valve B (5), a pressure sensor (6) and a switch (7) in sequence; the other end of the three-way ball valve (9) is communicated with the hydraulic pump (8) through a stainless steel pipe (2), and a main channel of the three-way ball valve (9) is communicated with a through hole (12) on the bottom plate of the test chamber through the stainless steel pipe (2).
2. An aeration remediation test unit for VOCs contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the grit layer (16) is comprised of gravel having a particle size of 1mm to 3 mm.
3. An aeration remediation test apparatus for VOCs contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the diffuser (13) and the screen (23) are each 50-500 μm in pore size.
4. A test method of an aeration remediation test apparatus for VOCs contaminated soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein samples to be tested are divided into m types according to dry density and n types according to water content, so as to obtain m × n predetermined samples with different dry densities and different water contents, and then the m × n predetermined samples are subjected to aeration tests one by one;
the specific test procedure for any one of the predetermined samples is as follows:
step 1, laying seepage pipes
A plurality of seepage pipes (15) provided with plugs (21) are uniformly and vertically arranged in the test box (10);
step 2, preparing a sample layer (11), a coarse sand layer (16) and an adsorption layer (17)
First, the dry density of the predetermined sample is recorded as ρdCalculating the mass m of the required soil powdersUniformly filling soil powder into the test box (10) by a shakeout method to form a sample layer (11) with the thickness of h; then, the coarse sand is uniformly filled on the upper part of the sample layer (11) by a shakeout method to form a coarse sand layer (16) with the thickness of h1(ii) a Finally, the adsorption active carbon particles are uniformly filled on the upper part of the coarse sand layer (16) by a shakeout method to form an adsorption layer (17) with the thickness of h2；
Step 3, saturation of the predetermined sample
Pouring deionized water into the two water tanks (18), enabling the deionized water to enter the test box (10) through the water injection holes (19) and the water injection pipes (20) and saturate a preset sample, and stopping injecting the deionized water when the water level of the water tanks (18) does not drop any more and is stabilized at a height h;
step 4, injecting VOCs pollutant solution
Firstly, injecting a VOCs pollutant solution with the mass of M into a sample layer (11) through one sampling hole (14) to pollute a preset sample, then extracting liquid samples through all the sampling holes (14) according to the interval time N to detect, closing the sampling holes (14) after the concentration of the VOCs pollutants in each sampling hole (14) is basically stable, and starting to perform a test;
step 5, setting aeration test type and aeration pressure
The aeration test comprises one or any two or any more than two of a conventional aeration test, a microorganism aeration test, a seepage pipe aeration test and a microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test;
in any of the above aeration tests, x aeration pressures were set, and any one of the aeration pressures was defined as an aeration pressure P1iI 1,2 … x, i.e. for each aeration pressure P in any aeration test1iCarrying out an aeration test;
the specific steps of the conventional aeration test are step 6, the specific steps of the microbial aeration test are step 7, the specific steps of the percolation pipe aeration test are step 8, and the specific steps of the microbial-percolation pipe aeration test are step 9;
step 6, conventional aeration test
Step 6.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder (1), adjusting a pressure reducing valve A (3) to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank (4) through a stainless steel pipe (2), and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B (5) and a pressure sensor (6)1i；
Step 6.2, opening the switch (7) and the three-way ball valve (9) at the same time, namely, connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve (9), the stainless steel pipe (2) and the through hole (12) on the bottom plate of the test box (10), starting a conventional aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole (14) according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 6.3, after the conventional aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, testing the content of VOCs in the adsorption layer (17) at the moment, and recording the content as the conventional aeration pollution content M1Calculating the VOCs removal rate C1 of the conventional aeration test:
step 6.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 6.1 to carry out next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 6.5;
step 6.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the conventional aeration test, if so, returning to the step 6.1 to perform the conventional aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the conventional aeration test;
step 7, microorganism aeration test
Step 7.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder (1), adjusting a pressure reducing valve A (3) to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank (4) through a stainless steel pipe (2), and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B (5) and a pressure sensor (6)1iSimultaneously, adding the prepared microorganism solution into a hydraulic pump (8);
step 7.2, simultaneously opening the switch (7) and the three-way ball valve (9), closing the switch (7) after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve (9) reaches the aeration pressure, turning the three-way ball valve (9) to communicate with the hydraulic pump (8) through the stainless steel pipe (2), namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer (11) through the stainless steel pipe (2), the main channel of the three-way ball valve (9), the through hole (12) and the diffuser (13) through the hydraulic pump (8);
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve (9) to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe (2) where a high-pressure gas cylinder (1) is located, opening a switch (7), starting a microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole (14) according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 7.3, finishing the test after the microbial aeration test is carried out for t hours, testing the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer (17) at the moment, and recording the amount as the microbial aeration pollution content M2And calculating the VOCs removal rate C2 of the microbial aeration test:
step 7.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 7.1 to carry out next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 7.5;
step 7.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples is not subjected to the microbial aeration test, if so, returning to the step 7.1 to perform the microbial aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microbial aeration test;
step 8, seepage pipe aeration test
Step 8.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder (1), adjusting a pressure reducing valve A (3) to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank (4) through a stainless steel pipe (2), and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B (5) and a pressure sensor (6)1And the plug (21) of the seepage pipe (15) is taken down;
step 8.2, opening the switch (7) and the three-way ball valve (9) at the same time, namely, connecting the main pipeline of the three-way ball valve (9), the stainless steel pipe (2) and the through hole (12) on the bottom plate of the test box (10), starting to carry out an infiltration pipe aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through the sampling hole (14) according to the interval time N to carry out VOCs concentration detection;
and 8.3, after the percolation pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, respectively testing the quantity of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer (17) and the quantity of VOCs adsorbed in the activated carbon (22) in the percolation pipe (15) at the moment, and respectively recording the quantities as the aeration pollution content M of the first percolation pipe3And the aeration pollution content M of the second seepage pipe4And calculating the VOCs removal rate C3 of the seepage pipe aeration test:
step 8.4, checking x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 8.1 to carry out next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 8.5;
step 8.5, checking whether a predetermined sample is still present in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples and not performing the above seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 8.1 to perform the seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the seepage pipe aeration test;
step 9, microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test
Step 9.1, opening a valve of the high-pressure gas cylinder (1), adjusting a pressure reducing valve A (3) to enable gas to enter a gas buffer tank (4) through a stainless steel pipe (2), and adjusting the gas pressure to an aeration pressure P through a pressure reducing valve B (5) and a pressure sensor (6)1Simultaneously, adding the prepared microorganism solutionA hydraulic pump (8) and a plug (21) on the seepage pipe (15) is taken down;
step 9.2, simultaneously opening the switch (7) and the three-way ball valve (9), closing the switch (7) after the air pressure in the three-way ball valve (9) reaches the aeration pressure, turning the three-way ball valve (9) to communicate with the hydraulic pump (8) through the stainless steel pipe (2), namely diffusing the microbial solution into the sample layer (11) through the stainless steel pipe (2), the main channel of the three-way ball valve (9), the through hole (12) and the diffuser (13) through the hydraulic pump (8);
after the injection of the microbial solution is finished, immediately turning a three-way ball valve (9) to enable the three-way ball valve to be communicated with a stainless steel pipe (2) where a high-pressure gas cylinder (1) is located, opening a switch (7), starting a seepage pipe-microbial aeration test, and extracting a liquid sample through a sampling hole (14) according to the interval time N to detect the concentration of VOCs;
and 9.3, after the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test is carried out for t hours, ending the test, and respectively testing the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the adsorption layer (17) and the amount of VOCs adsorbed in the seepage pipe activated carbon (22) at the moment, and respectively recording the amounts as the aeration pollution content M of the first microorganism-seepage pipe5And the second microorganism-seepage pipe aeration pollution content M6And calculating the VOCs removal rate C4 of the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test:
step 9.4, check x aeration pressures P1iIf yes, returning to step 9.1 to carry out next aeration pressure P1iThe test of (1); otherwise, go to step 9.5;
step 9.5, checking whether a predetermined sample in the m multiplied by n predetermined samples does not carry out the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test, if so, returning to the step 9.1 to carry out the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test of the next predetermined sample; otherwise, ending the microorganism-seepage pipe aeration test.
5. The testing method of the aeration remediation testing device for VOCs contaminated soil according to claim 4, wherein during the testing process, deionized water is supplemented in real time according to the water levels of the two water tanks (18) to ensure that the water level is maintained at h.
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| CN113295846B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2023-08-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Test device and test method for detecting effect of MICP solidified polluted soil |
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