CN107036960A - Retention release test three-dimensional simulation system and its test method of a kind of pollutant in aeration zone - Google Patents
Retention release test three-dimensional simulation system and its test method of a kind of pollutant in aeration zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN107036960A CN107036960A CN201710244658.0A CN201710244658A CN107036960A CN 107036960 A CN107036960 A CN 107036960A CN 201710244658 A CN201710244658 A CN 201710244658A CN 107036960 A CN107036960 A CN 107036960A
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses retention release test three-dimensional simulation system and its test method of a kind of pollutant in aeration zone, system includes experiment main tank, it is additionally provided with water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet, percolate storage tank and provides hydrodynamic water pump to percolate, main tank is by casing and is covered in being constituted with water cover on casing for the experiment, vertically uniform multiple outlet pipes on uniform multiple supply mouths in the horizontal direction below the side side wall of the casing, the wall box of the supply mouthful offside；The top with water cover is provided with the sparge pipe for water distribution；The top of the water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet is provided with water inlet pipe, the side wall relevant position of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet is provided with overflow pipe, the lower section of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet is managed provided with supply, and the supply pipe is connected with supply mouth, and supply pipe is provided with water valve；The percolate storage tank is connected through water pump with sparge pipe；Test method includes percolate leaching and distilled water instead two processes of elution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aeration zone research field, and in particular to a kind of retention release test three of pollutant in aeration zone
Tie up simulation system and its test method.
Background technology
Aeration zone is as the water-bearing layer natural cover for defense, and it is because attracting attention and carrying out phase retention and decay to polluter
Close research.Retention and decay intensity and aeration zone medium physics, chemical property and diafiltration in itself of the aeration zone to polluter
Liquid component, property have substantial connection, and the current pair of retention and Research on attenuation with pollutant in aeration zone, the country is still mostly in
Laboratory test conceptual phase, prior art is one for retention release test of the Landfill Leachate Pollution thing in aeration zone
Leaching column test is tieed up, the test method have ignored in pollutant infitration process aeration zone moisture content and solute graded to model
The influence of experiment, and on the yardstick of laboratory, influence of the solute graded to result of the test in aeration zone moisture content and medium
All it can not be ignored, so the result of the test of one-dimensional leaching column test is unfavorable for oozing actual rubbish with being actually deviated
The study mechanism of retention and release of the filtrate contamination in aeration zone.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：Retention release there is provided a kind of pollutant in aeration zone in view of the shortcomings of the prior art
Three-dimensional simulation system and its test method are tested, three-dimensional percolate leaching-distilled water is counter is built and elutes physical model, it is existing to solve
There is one-dimensional leaching column test to have ignored in pollutant infitration process aeration zone moisture content and solute graded to model test
The problem of influence.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is summarized as follows：
A kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of pollutant in aeration zone, including experiment main tank, water-bearing layer ooze
Stream supply control system, aeration zone water distribution leaching system and effluent collection monitoring system, the experiment main tank by casing and
Uniform multiple supply mouths in the horizontal direction are covered in below being constituted with water cover on casing, the side side wall of the casing, it is described
Feed on the wall box of mouth offside vertically uniform multiple outlet pipes；The water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control system includes
Water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet, the top of the water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet is provided with water inlet pipe, the supply of water-bearing layer seepage flow
The side wall relevant position of control cabinet is provided with overflow pipe, and the lower section of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet is managed provided with supply, described to mend
It is connected to pipe with supply mouth, and supply pipe is provided with water valve；The aeration zone water distribution leaching system includes the diafiltration being sequentially connected
Liquid storage tank, water pump and sparge pipe, the sparge pipe are connected with water cover；In the effluent collection monitoring system and wall box
Outlet pipe be connected, the outlet pipe be provided with water valve.
Further, the specification of the experiment main tank be that 80cm × 40cm × 70cm, material are the transparent organic of 1.5cm thickness
Glass.
Further, lower discharging tube, middle outlet pipe and the upper water-out pipe three that the outlet pipe is included from top to bottom go out
Water pipe, the lower discharging tube, middle outlet pipe and upper water-out pipe are respectively apart from bottom 5cm, 20cm, 30cm.
Further, the sparge pipe is provided with six groups with water pump, and the sparge pipe is external diameter 6mm, internal diameter 4mm pneumatics
Pipe, the partial isometry that the air-pressure tube is extended in experiment main tank is interval with a diameter of 1mm distributing hole；The water pump is compacted
Dynamic pump.
Further, the effluent collection monitoring system is water outlet mixing channel.
Further, described to match somebody with somebody water cover inner hollow, the sparge pipe is extended to water cover internal cavities, the bottom with water cover
Portion is communicated with the distributing hole with water cover internal cavities.
The side that a kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation system using above-mentioned pollutant in aeration zone is tested
Method, including percolate leaching and distilled water instead elute two processes, are specially：
(1) percolate pour to strain to test
1) flow field is debugged
Water-bearing layer simulation medium is inserted in chamber body, water-bearing layer simulation medium therein is followed successively by from the bottom to top：Bottom
Portion's lining, simulation anaerobic condition, carry out the debugging of the horizontal seepage flow of ground water field, simulate the underground water under certain gradient condition
Seepage field situation, and ensure head free height near but below simulation anaerobic condition top surface；
2) test of aeration zone simulation medium and filling
Aeration zone medium is inserted above the simulation medium of water-bearing layer respectively, and aeration zone medium is sampled, hole is carried out
Porosity, particle diameter, grading, screening and skeletal density are measured；
3) Landfill Leachate Pollution source is determined
Determine the pollution factor concentration of percolate；
Flow field is debugged and leachate contamination factor concentration is determined after finishing, and percolate leaching is extracted in aeration zone using water pump
Top surface；Effluent quality and time are recorded simultaneously, and to be instructed dose of conservative ion is reached in effluent quality after stabilization, then is considered as bag gas
Band reaches saturation to pollutant retention；
(2) the anti-washing tests of distilled water
Stop percolate leaching after afore-mentioned test balance, keep experiment main box water inlet end continually and steadily to be oozed with water side
Stream, detects effluent quality, after effluent quality is basicly stable, is that distilled water is continued by the solvent replacement of leaching power set
Elution；Draining variation of water and time are recorded simultaneously, treat that the maximum COD of unit interception reaches stabilization in effluent quality
Afterwards, then being considered as model, anti-elution reaches balance.
As preferred, the bottom lining in the water-bearing layer simulation medium is formed using the filling of 2~3cm of particle diameter gravels,
The simulation anaerobic condition is that the hydrodynamic condition in water-bearing layer in the quartz sand of 40 mesh particle diameters, model mainly by water inlet and goes out
Water pipe head difference and valve opening and closing degree are controlled, and aqueous layer main body needs to select the preferable medium of transmissibility, therefore, this examination
Test the quartz sand using 40 mesh particle diameters；The aeration zone simulation medium is the protolith soil sample of research area collection, is more met to grinding
Study carefully area's actual conditions.
As preferred, the pollution factor of measure includes：Organic matter overall target COD, inorganic matter Cl-、NO3 -、NH3 -N、
SO4 2-、Pb、Cr6+And Zn concentration.
It is used as preferred, Cl therein-Ion is guarded for indicator.
Relative to prior art, the beneficial effect produced by the present invention：
1st, in the present invention, analyzed from hydraulics：Supply source includes containing in the physical model system that the present invention is provided
The leaching system that the seepage flow make-up system of water layer seepage flow supply control cabinet recharge laterally supplies water and fed by percolate storage tank
The leachate of vertical supply, supply source simulation more meets actual environment；
2nd, aeration zone and water-bearing layer are considered as entirety by the present invention, take into full account solute gradient in aeration zone moisture content and medium
Change, constructs that a kind of three-dimensional percolate leaching-distilled water is counter to elute novel physical model, solves existing one-dimensional leaching post examination
The problem of testing the influence that have ignored aeration zone moisture content and solute graded in pollutant infitration process to model test；
3rd, the present invention quantitatively illustrates aeration zone and pollutant is retained, and passes through the work of different-thickness, the aeration zone medium of volume
Condition is set, and quantitative analysis research area aeration zone medium unit volume is to the interception of pollutant, and result of the test is more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the simplified schematic diagram for the pilot system that the present invention is provided；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for testing main tank；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation with water cover；
Fig. 4 is the time trace diagram of the thick aeration zone simulation system water outlet pollutant concentrations of 10cm；
Fig. 5 is the time trace diagram of the thick aeration zone simulation system water outlet pollutant concentrations of 20cm；
Fig. 6 is the time trace diagram of the thick aeration zone simulation system water outlet pollutant concentrations of 30cm；
Fig. 7 is the anti-washing tests concentration trace diagram of the thick aeration zones of 10cm；
Fig. 8 is the anti-washing tests concentration trace diagram of the thick aeration zones of 20cm；
Fig. 9 is the anti-washing tests concentration trace diagram of the thick aeration zones of 30cm；
Label is respectively in figure：1st, main tank is tested；11st, with water cover；111st, sparge pipe；112nd, distributing hole；12nd, casing；13、
Feed mouth；14th, lower discharging tube；15th, middle outlet pipe；16th, upper water-out pipe；17th, water-bearing layer is simulated；18th, aeration zone is simulated；2nd, it is aqueous
Layer seepage flow supply control cabinet；21st, water inlet pipe；22nd, overflow pipe；23rd, supply pipe；3rd, percolate storage tank；4th, water pump；5th, water outlet is mixed
Groove.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.Embodiments of the present invention bag
Include but be not limited to the following example.
Embodiment 1
Such as Fig. 1-Fig. 2, a kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of pollutant in aeration zone, including experiment main tank
1st, water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control system, aeration zone water distribution leaching system and effluent collection monitoring system, the experiment main tank 1
By casing 12 and being constituted with water cover 11 on casing 12 is covered in, the experiment main tank 1 can be layered the different simulation mediums of carrying, institute
State below the side side wall of casing 12 uniform multiple supply mouths 13, the side wall of casing 12 of the supply offside of mouth 13 in the horizontal direction
On vertically uniform multiple outlet pipes；The water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control system includes water-bearing layer seepage flow and feeds control cabinet
2, the top of the water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet 2 is provided with water inlet pipe 21, and the side wall of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet 2 is corresponding
Position is provided with overflow pipe 22, and the lower section of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet 2 is provided with supply pipe 23, the supply pipe 23 and supply
Mouth 13 is connected, and there is provided the hydrodynamic force of side seepage source provided with water valve for supply pipe 23；The aeration zone water distribution leaching system
Including the percolate storage tank 3, water pump 4 and sparge pipe 111 being sequentially connected, the sparge pipe 111 with water cover 11 be connected there is provided
Longitudinal water (solvent) power resources；The effluent collection monitoring system is connected with the outlet pipe on the side wall of casing 12, the water outlet
Pipe is provided with water valve.
The specification of the experiment main tank 1 is 80cm × 40cm × 70cm, the transparent organic glass that material is 1.5cm thickness, is adopted
The observation that experiment main tank is easy to feed water-bearing layer seepage flow process and percolate leaching is made of transparent organic glass.
The outlet pipe includes lower discharging tube 14 from top to bottom, 16 3 water outlets of middle outlet pipe 15 and upper water-out pipe
Pipe, the lower discharging tube 14, middle outlet pipe 15 and upper water-out pipe 16 are respectively apart from bottom 5cm, 20cm, 30cm.
The sparge pipe 111 and water pump 4 are provided with six groups, and the sparge pipe 111 is external diameter 6mm, internal diameter 4mm air-pressure tube,
The partial isometry that the air-pressure tube is extended in experiment main tank 1 is interval with a diameter of 1mm distributing hole；The water pump 4 is compacted
Dynamic pump.
The effluent collection monitoring system is water outlet mixing channel 5.
A kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant provided in the present embodiment in aeration zone is carried out
Retention release test of the Landfill Leachate Pollution thing in aeration zone, including the anti-elution two of percolate leaching and distilled water
Process, therefore, mainly point two parts are completed for experiment, and distilled water is counter respectively after percolate pour to strain to test and balance to be tested elutes
Experiment, be specially：
(1) percolate pour to strain to test
1) flow field is debugged
Water-bearing layer simulation medium is inserted in chamber body, water-bearing layer simulation medium therein is followed successively by from the bottom to top：Bottom
Portion's lining, simulation anaerobic condition, wherein the bottom lining in the water-bearing layer simulation medium is filled using 2~3cm of particle diameter gravels
Fill out and form, the simulation anaerobic condition is that the hydrodynamic condition in water-bearing layer in the quartz sand of 40 mesh particle diameters, model is main by entering
The mouth of a river and outlet pipe head difference and valve opening and closing degree are controlled, and aqueous layer main body needs to select the preferable medium of transmissibility, because
This, this experiment uses the quartz sand of 40 mesh particle diameters；
The debugging of the horizontal seepage flow of ground water field is carried out, simulation hydraulic gradient is the Analysis of Ground-water Seepage Field feelings under the conditions of 0.02
Condition, and ensure that head free height is near but below the anaerobic condition top surface that quartz sand is simulated.
2) test of aeration zone simulation medium and filling
It is respectively filled in the thick aeration zone medium of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm, the original that the aeration zone medium gathers for certain research area
Ground sample, more meets to research area's actual conditions；And aeration zone medium is sampled, porosity, particle diameter, level are carried out with sieve
Point and the basic parameter such as skeletal density be measured, location parameter is as shown in table 1.
The operating condition of test of table 1 is designed and basic parameter
3) Landfill Leachate Pollution source is determined
Each pollution factor concentration of percolate is determined, determining the factor includes：Organic matter overall target COD；Inorganic matter Cl-,
NO3 -, NH3 -N, SO4 2-；And heavy metal ion Pb, Cr6+, and Zn, determine concentration and be shown in Table 2.
Flow field debug and leachate contamination factor concentration determine finish after, using 6 peristaltic pump pumps percolate leachings in
Aeration zone top surface；Effluent quality and time, to be instructed dose of conservative ion Cl are recorded simultaneously-Reached in effluent quality after stabilization,
Then it is considered as aeration zone and saturation is reached to pollutant retention.
The leaching of table 2 is monitored with leachate quality
Detection method remarks：NH4 +Detection method is Berthelot spectrophotometry；COD uses the microwave encloseds of GZ-WXJ- III
Instrument+titration is cleared up to be measured；Cl-、NO3 -、SO4 2-Using UV2600 spectrophotometric determinations, Pb, Cr6+And Zn uses Z-
5000 Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry instrument are determined, and pH is determined using PHS-3C pH meters.
(2) the anti-washing tests of distilled water
The actual reverse experiment for being of the anti-washing tests of distilled water.Stop percolate leaching after afore-mentioned test balance, keep examination
Main box water inlet end and the continual and steady seepage flow in water side are tested, effluent quality is detected, after effluent quality is basicly stable, leaching is moved
The solvent replacement of power apparatus is that distilled water is persistently eluted；Draining variation of water and time are recorded simultaneously, treat that unit is cut
The maximum COD of allowance reaches after stabilization that being then considered as model, anti-elution reaches balance in effluent quality.
The Cl in percolate-Belong to conservative ion, the exclusive mechanism that its concentration changes is made for dilution
With[50].Therefore, this is tested Cl-It is used as the indicator of model balance and the follow-up correlation computations derivation of equation.
Analyzed by hydraulics, supply source supplies water including seepage flow make-up system in physical model system, that is, simulates water-bearing layer
Recharge laterally；The leachate of leaching system supply, that is, simulate water-bearing layer vertrep.And discharge regime is only outlet system row
Water.It may therefore be assumed that as Cl in water outlet-Concentration close to Cl in leaching percolate-When gross mass and the ratio of water outlet cumulative volume,
System reaches balance.Counted according to each water, water yield and the diafiltration leachate leaching amount ratio of three groups of experiments are respectively 5.25
~7.11.Therefore according to Cl in percolate-Concentration, estimation 3 groups of experiments theoretical equilibrium concentration be respectively：2266.77、
2094.19 and 2183.56mg/L, because the anisotropism of pore media, water inlet, outlet system can not complete water distribution uniformities etc.
Factor, Cl-Actually detected value is respectively 2238.24,2027.48 and 2142.89mg/L, and 1%~3% difference is only existed between the two
(table 3 can be considered that simulation system is balanced.
The simulation system balance index of table 3 is counted
Counted according to test data, experiment system effluent quality at initial stage is simultaneously unchanged, after intervals, aqueous concentration
Lasting rise, last effluent quality reaches stabilization, and concentration is no longer raised.Now from aeration zone seepage flow, solute balance and all kinds of dirts
Dye three aspects of thing entrapment characteristics and mechanism are analyzed process of the test：
(1) simulation system aeration zone seepage flow equilibrium analysis
The time trace of simulation system water outlet pollutant concentration according to Fig. 4-6, by the angle of vadose water mechanics
Aeration zone pour to strain to test can be divided into 2 stages：
First stage is the formation in bleed-through road under aeration zone.The difference of aeration zone and saturated zone is that aeration zone hole is situated between
Matter is three-phase coexistence state, that is, when assuming that the air pressure in aeration zone is equal to atmospheric pressure, containing water voids negative pressure is then presented in aeration zone
State.It is media water-bearing rate and viscous system Gu negative pressure now is relevant with the water-cohesive strength of two-phase adhesive force and pore water in itself
Several functions.It is excellent in negative pressure reduction, aeration zone medium when the moisture content that percolate continues in leaching, aeration zone constantly increases
Gesture pore channel can reach saturation first and show to be comparable to the hydraulic characteristic of saturated zone, link up leaching percolate and underground water
Passage between water-bearing layer.Counted according to test data, every group of experiment all has the time of break-through of aeration zone, i.e. percolate and entered
The initial time in water-bearing layer, it is obviously proportionate with unsaturated zone depth, but due to aeration zone medium and test mould side wall it
Between there may be the preferable predominant pathway of connection, this is not suitable for quantifying unsaturated zone depth and time of break-through both sides relation
Analysis.
Second stage is that saturation stage is expanded and retained to aeration zone passage.The lasting progress of leaching, aeration zone medium contains
Water rate continues to increase, and gradually forms more lower bleed-through roads, when moisture content increase to a certain extent, lower bleed-through road oozes under maintaining
When amount is equal with leaching amount, aeration zone moisture content is not further added by, and aeration zone reaches that seepage flow is balanced.Oozed under aeration zone moisture content increase
The process of increase is measured, also can be considered aeration zone permeability with the increased process of moisture content.
(2) the solute balance analysis of simulation system
Aeration zone is to the retention of pollutant with seepage flow change performance different characteristic, and leaching initial leachate penetrates into aeration zone,
Due to the change that medium and hydraulics occur, larger molecular organicses, suspension are obstructed or adsorbed by machinery.But the suction of medium
Attached effect and medium attribute itself, such as media particle size, specific surface area are relevant, there is saturated adsorption capacity in medium.Absorption
It is that, with chemistry, biological agent, after adsorption capacity reaches saturation, retention decay of the aeration zone to polluter is then main simultaneously
By chemistry and biological conversion decomposition.When leaching percolate produced pollution source strength is far longer than declining in aeration zone
During load shedding, effluent quality is relevant by the recharge laterally dilution mainly with simulation system, is now considered as the solute balance of aeration zone.
(3) each pollutant entrapment characteristics and Analysis on Mechanism
Analyzed by seepage field and solute balance, can be by percolate according to the law of indestructibility of matter in percolate pour to strain to test
Under ooze after pollutant be divided into 3 parts, be contained in system water outlet respectively, among water-bearing layer static reserve and aeration zone retention,
Such as formula 1.
VOozeCOoze=VGo outCIt is flat+VContainCIt is flat+ M (formula 1)
In formula：VOoze- percolate leaching amount (L)；COoze- leachate contamination factor concentration (mg/L)；VGo out- simulation system is total
Water yield (L)；CIt is flatPollution factor concentration (mg/L) during-balance；VContainStatic reserve (L) in water-bearing layer during-poised state；M—
Aeration zone interception (mg).
According to 3 groups of test data statistical analyses, aeration zone is to NH in Monitoring factors3 -N、COD、Cl-Crown_interception it is bright
It is aobvious；And NO3 -And SO4 2-Total amount be increased；And to Pb, Cr6+, the heavy metal Interception such as Zn then not substantially (such as table 4-6).
The 10cm of table 4 thickness aeration zones are counted to Landfill Leachate Pollutants interception
The 20cm of table 5 thickness aeration zones are counted to Landfill Leachate Pollutants interception
The 30cm of table 6 thickness aeration zones are counted to Landfill Leachate Pollutants interception
1) the entrapment characteristics analysis of COD and inorganic pollution
According to data statistics, COD retentions total amount reaches 66066.14~348449.06mg, unit interception 983.13~
1728.42mg/kg；NH3 -N retains total amount in 10~30cm aeration zones and reaches 5858.86~18673.54mg, unit interception
87.19~115.88mg/kg；Cl-Retention 16420.68~92821.31mg of total amount, unit interception 244.36~
460.42mg/kg.And completely contradict therewith, NO3 -And SO4 2-Total amount be elevated, in 3 groups of experiments, NO3 -Rise total
Amount reaches 23945.73~79713.67mg, SO4 2-Rise total amount and reach 10269.39~31760.47mg.
The leaching process of percolate is after peristaltic pump pumps and is sprayed to aeration zone top, percolate through porous pipes
Spray process has with air sufficiently to be contacted；This experiment simultaneously sets unsaturated zone depth to be 10~30cm, the hole of aeration zone
Contain O in gap2It is plentiful, belong to aerobic environment.Therefore, leaching process percolate should occur to consume O2Based on redox reaction
And consumption of the aerobic microbiological to organic matter.Primary biological, chemical reaction are：
CH2O+O2—CO2+H2O
2NO2 -+2O2—2NO3 -
NH4 ++2O2—NO3 -+2H++H2O
S2-+2O2—2SO4 2-
According to documents and materials, above-mentioned biology, free energy -825~-46KJ/mol of chemical reaction belong to spontaneous reaction,
As NH3 -The reduction of N, COD content, NO3 -And SO4 2-The increased important factor for controlling of content.
2) heavy metal contaminants entrapment characteristics are analyzed
The entrapment mechanism of heavy metal ion is mainly the exchange of ion and the generation of deposit, because this experiment is used
Percolate content of beary metal itself it is relatively low, its Interception is not shown in process of the test.
3)Cl-Reference feature analysis
In retention pollution factor Notable, ion Cl is guarded-Also considerable interception, 3 groups of experiments are showed
Middle retention total amount reaches 16420.68~92821.31mg, converts as 244.36~460.42mg/kg of unit interception.Cl-Category
In conservative ion, diluting effect is the exclusive mechanism for making its concentration change.According to aeration zone seepage flow equilibrium analysis, leaching
Cl in process of the test-Retention can be considered pour to strain to test initial stage, when leachate increase aeration zone moisture content builds lower bleed-through road
" loss ".In consideration of it, not only including Cl in " loss " material of this part of leachate-, should also include COD, NH3 -N.Cause
This, above-mentioned COD, NH only estimated with the conservation of matter3 -N interceptions and non-fully by effects such as absorption, biological and chemical conversions
Produce, separately there is part to increase loss amount when aeration zone moisture content builds lower bleed-through road, and this partial contamination material for leachate
Still there is preferable migration.
Conduction of the flowing of liquid in media as well just as electric current in the conductor, tends to the less passage of resistance.It is based on
This characteristic, after percolate pour to strain to test reaches balance, changes leaching solvent for after distilled water, it is assumed that fluid can still be tried with leaching
Test and oozed under formed conduit pipe, and the percolate for building lower bleed-through road is progressively replaced as distilled water, and whole process
Middle adsorption saturation amount is constant, while the conversion still along with biological, chemical action to pollution solute.
According to the anti-washing tests data statistics of distilled water, thing does not occur in the unsaturation medium hole for being filled in aeration zone
The polluter of the correlated responses such as reason, chemistry and biology still has good migration, after leaching solvent is changed, and the part is dirty
Dye material can be migrated again discharges into ground water regime, and the moieties are defined as to " the dynamic interception " of aeration zone, is dirty
Contaminate main source of the place aeration zone to groundwater environment " secondary pollution ".Fixed by the absorption of aeration zone and biological, chemistry
The part that polluter is converted or decomposed and is no longer released in water-bearing layer is acted on, then may be defined as " stable interception ", the portion
Point it is the major embodiment that aeration zone cuts dirty performance.According to anti-washing tests concentration trace (Fig. 7-9), supervised during anti-washing tests
Survey factor NH3 -N, COD and Cl-In water outlet, concentration gradually rises, to peak value after concentration progressively decay, it is substantially bent in unicast peak
Line.
According to leaching-anti-washing tests process and data analysis, by total interception obtained in aeration zone pour to strain to test
(M) it is divided into 3 parts, 1. increases aeration zone moisture content and build lower bleed-through road and produce " loss " (M1)；2. stablize absorption to hold
Measure (M2), it is assumed that in the anti-lessivation of distilled water it is constant basis；3. the part for converting or decomposing by chemistry, biological agent
(M3), such as formula 2：
M=M1+M2+M3(formula 2)
(1) " dynamic " and " stabilization " retains the estimation thinking of capacity
According to anti-washing tests, ion Cl is guarded-Burst size reaches pour to strain to test interception in anti-washing tests
0.97~0.98, basic explanation Cl-Conversion does not occur in whole process of the test and decays, i.e. Cl-Total interception be essentially
" dynamic interception ".And according to COD, NH3 -The data statistics of N interception and anti-elution burst size shows that burst size is cut with total
There is obvious difference between allowance, i.e., COD, NH in aeration zone are retained in percolate pour to strain to test3 -N is not released completely
Put, total interception includes dynamic and stable retention two parts.According to correlative study and aeration zone medium character, stable retention part
Including aeration zone medium to COD, NH3 -N adsorbance；Simultaneously in O2In abundant media environment, COD is stable, and interception still includes
Biological, chemistry inversion quantity, NH4 +Still include the consumption of nitration reaction in stable interception.
Per group model in experiment, under conditions of the physical attribute such as aeration zone medium volume, quality and porosity is determined, simultaneously
Assuming that in process of the test aeration zone medium to COD, NH3 -N adsorption saturation amount is constant, i.e., in using the anti-lessivation of distilled water
Also do not change.Therefore, biochemical transformation amount of the solute in anti-lessivation numerically terminated with pour to strain to test to
The difference dynamically retained in the anti-washing tests termination period is equal, is represented by formula 3：
△M3=M1-t1-M1-t2(formula 3)
In formula：t1- percolate pour to strain to test the end time；t2- distilled water washing tests the end time；△M3—t2To t1
Solute inversion quantity (mg) in time interval；M1-t1、M1-t2- it is respectively t1、t2Moment dynamic interception (mg).
M in formula 31-t2Data can be obtained in anti-washing tests.And t1Moment makes the increased solvent of aeration zone moisture content be pouring
Percolate is filtered, now Cl-, COD and NH3 -N dynamic interception and leaching percolate concentration are proportional, M1-t1Then can be by with Cl-
Calculated (formula 4) for indicator.
According to the time-consuming of anti-washing tests, estimation △ M3Unit interval conversion ratio Vc：
In formula：CCl、CCOD、CNH3-N- experiment leaching each factor concentration of percolate (mg/L)；M1-t1-Cl、M1-t1-COD、
M1-t1-NH3-N—t1The dynamic interception (mg/L) of moment each factor；Vc- conversion rate.
Because leaching-anti-washing tests environment is similar, only change leaching solvent, then can be according to VcThe stable adsorbance of estimation, such as
Formula 6：
M2=M-M1-t1-Vc·t1(formula 6)
It is worth noting that, it is assumed that two sections experiment conversion rates quite, be due to that experimental enviroment is similar, and this
The reverse experiment that anti-washing tests are pour to strain to test sections is studied, and if the application of this reaction rate progress generality is still needed into business
Discuss, and more deep experimental study need to be carried out.
(2) result of calculation is analyzed
According to statistical result (table 7), NH3 -N conversion ratio is 0.0010~0.0067mg/kgh, is shown in process of the test
NH3 -N nitration reaction conversion ratio is relatively low；NO2 -、NH3 -N spontaneous reactions are converted into NO3 -Free energy be respectively -149, -64KJ/
Mol, the trend of spontaneous reaction also illustrates the NO in percolate pour to strain to test3 -The preferential contribution margin basic source of increase in NO2 -'s
Oxidation.Therefore, NH in this experiment3 -Stable retention dominant mechanisms of the N in aeration zone is suction-operated, and adsorption strength is
28.93~39.08mg/kg.
The stable conversion amount calculating achievement of table 7
COD biochemical transformation rate be 6.872~8.2084mg/kgh, unit adsorption strength be 100.17~
199.06mg/kg.COD is in absorption and biology, the collective effect of chemical conversion that the retention and decay of aeration zone are media.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, the retention release test three-dimensional simulation system in a kind of pollutant described in embodiment 1 in aeration zone
Further optimize on the basis of system, described to match somebody with somebody the inner hollow of water cover 11, the sparge pipe 111 extends to empty with the inside of water cover 11
Chamber, the bottom with water cover 11 is communicated with the distributing hole 112 with the internal cavities of water cover 11, the present embodiment even water distribution, structure letter
Singly it is easily achieved.
It is embodiments of the invention as described above.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, anyone should learn that
The structure change made under the enlightenment of the present invention, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention each fall within this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of pollutant in aeration zone, including experiment main tank (1), water-bearing layer ooze
Stream supply control system, aeration zone water distribution leaching system and effluent collection monitoring system, it is characterised in that the experiment main tank
(1) by casing (12) and being constituted with water cover (11) on casing (12) is covered in, below the side side wall of the casing (12)
It is vertically uniform on uniform multiple supply mouths (13) in the horizontal direction, casing (12) side wall of described supply mouth (13) offside
Multiple outlet pipes；The water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control system includes water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet (2), and the water-bearing layer is oozed
The top of stream supply control cabinet (2) is provided with water inlet pipe (21), the side wall relevant position of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet (2) and set
There is overflow pipe (22), the lower section of water-bearing layer seepage flow supply control cabinet (2) is provided with supply pipe (23), the supply pipe (23) and supply
Mouth (13) is connected, and supply pipe (23) is provided with water valve；The aeration zone water distribution leaching system includes the percolate being sequentially connected
Storage tank (3), water pump (4) and sparge pipe (111), the sparge pipe (111) are connected with water cover (11)；The effluent collection prison
Examining system is connected with the outlet pipe on the wall of casing (12) side, and the outlet pipe is provided with water valve.
2. retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant as claimed in claim 1 in aeration zone, it is characterised in that：
The transparent organic glass that the specification of the experiment main tank (1) is 80cm × 40cm × 70cm, material is 1.5cm thickness.
3. retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant as claimed in claim 2 in aeration zone, it is characterised in that：
The outlet pipe includes lower discharging tube (14), (16) three outlet pipes of middle outlet pipe (15) and upper water-out pipe from top to bottom,
The lower discharging tube (14), middle outlet pipe (15) and upper water-out pipe (16) are respectively apart from bottom 5cm, 20cm, 30cm.
4. retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant as claimed in claim 1 in aeration zone, it is characterised in that：
The sparge pipe (111) is provided with six groups with water pump (4), and the sparge pipe (111) is external diameter 6mm, internal diameter 4mm air-pressure tube, institute
State air-pressure tube and extend to the distributing hole that the partial isometry tested in main tank (1) is interval with a diameter of 1mm；The water pump (4) is
Peristaltic pump.
5. retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant as claimed in claim 1 in aeration zone, it is characterised in that：
The effluent collection monitoring system is water outlet mixing channel (5).
6. retention release test three-dimensional simulation system of the pollutant as claimed in claim 1 in aeration zone, it is characterised in that：
Described to match somebody with somebody water cover (11) inner hollow, the sparge pipe (111) is extended to water cover (11) internal cavities, the bottom with water cover (11)
Portion is communicated with the distributing hole (112) with water cover (11) internal cavities.
7. a kind of retention release test three-dimensional simulation of the pollutant described in utilization claim 1-6 any one in aeration zone
The method that system is tested, it is characterised in that instead elute two processes including percolate leaching and distilled water, specifically
For：
(1) percolate pour to strain to test
1) flow field is debugged
Water-bearing layer simulation medium is inserted in experiment casing (1), water-bearing layer simulation medium therein is followed successively by from the bottom to top：Bottom
Lining, simulation anaerobic condition, carry out the debugging of the horizontal seepage flow of ground water field, the underground water simulated under certain gradient condition oozes
Flow field situation, and ensure head free height near but below simulation anaerobic condition top surface；
2) test of aeration zone simulation medium and filling
Aeration zone medium is inserted above the simulation medium of water-bearing layer respectively, and aeration zone medium is sampled, progress porosity,
Particle diameter, grading, screening and skeletal density are measured；
3) Landfill Leachate Pollution source is determined
Determine the pollution factor concentration of percolate；
Flow field is debugged and leachate contamination factor concentration is determined after finishing, and percolate leaching is extracted in aeration zone top using water pump
Face；Effluent quality and time are recorded simultaneously, and to be instructed dose of conservative ion is reached in effluent quality after stabilization, then is considered as aeration zone
Saturation is reached to pollutant retention；
(2) the anti-washing tests of distilled water
Stop percolate leaching after afore-mentioned test balance, keep experiment main box water inlet end and the continual and steady seepage flow in water side, inspection
Effluent quality is surveyed, is that distilled water is persistently eluted by the solvent replacement of leaching power set after effluent quality is basicly stable；
Draining variation of water and time are recorded simultaneously, after the maximum COD of unit interception reaches stabilization in effluent quality, then
Being considered as model, anti-elution reaches balance.
8. test method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the bottom lining in the water-bearing layer simulation medium is used
The filling of 2~3cm of particle diameter gravels is formed, and the simulation anaerobic condition is the quartz sand of 40 mesh particle diameters, and the aeration zone simulation is situated between
The protolith soil sample that matter gathers for research area.
9. test method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the pollution factor of measure includes：Organic matter overall target
COD, inorganic matter Cl-、NO3 -、NH3 -N、SO4 2-、Pb、Cr6+And Zn concentration.
10. test method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that Cl therein-Ion is guarded for indicator.
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