CN110503882A - The circulation simulator and application method that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer - Google Patents
The circulation simulator and application method that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110503882A CN110503882A CN201910922470.6A CN201910922470A CN110503882A CN 110503882 A CN110503882 A CN 110503882A CN 201910922470 A CN201910922470 A CN 201910922470A CN 110503882 A CN110503882 A CN 110503882A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the circulation simulators that uniform density in coastal aquifer drives, it is characterized in that, including main body case, it is fixed in the main box that there are two the permeable baffles for having several permeable holes, respectively first permeable baffle and the second permeable baffle, the first permeable baffle and the second permeable baffle are oppositely arranged, the main box is divided into the first cavity, the second cavity and third cavity by two permeable baffles, first cavity, second cavity and the third cavity are sequentially communicated, and second cavity is provided with porous media；It further include freshwater system and salt water system, the salt water system includes the salt water water inlet system and salt water outlet system being connected to respectively with first cavity, and the freshwater system includes the fresh water water inlet system being connected to respectively with the third cavity and fresh water outlet system；The main box is made of transparent material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to freshwater resources research fields, and in particular to the circulation simulation that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer
Device and application method.
Background technique
Groundwater Flow mode in coastal aquifer salt-fresh water intermediate zone includes from generation in ocean and in water-bearing layer
The rotating circulating of salt water flow direction.Here the tracer experiment proposed is that the structure that analysis salt-fresh water recycles and quantitative simulation are more salty
The distribution of fresh water interface salinity.The experimental results showed that along the rotation of salt water grain direction, (salt water is dense since the bottom at interface
Spend isopleth 99%), (salt water concentration isopleth 94%) is completed at the bottom 1/10th at interface.On the top at interface,
After the completion of rotation, water flow flows to sea by fresh water.Known water chemistry fresh-saline water interface can be divided into two by its physical property
Part: (1) lower part is " flowing Rotary District ", is defined by convection circulation streamline；(2) top half is " diffusion region ", is defined as
Diffusion dilution.Sensitivity analysis shows that the physical structure at interface is related with lateral dispersivity.Under the conditions of higher diffusance,
It rotates width to increase, but is completed at most at the lower one third at interface.For diffusion coefficient, rotation is opened from the bottom at interface
Begin.Therefore, because being lower than 99% line without flow, always original relative to it salinity of salt water for flowing to sea is diluted.
These water flow modes may influence the hydrologic process of strand, the moving in water-bearing layer such as submarine groundwater discharge and chemical substance
It moves.
The circulation of salt water reflects the interaction between Hydrology process and ocean circulation in coastal aquifer.It is this
The mode of circulating has on short-term time scale, for example under wave and tide driving, also has by seasonal scale, very
Diffusion cycles to the density current driving of long time scale.The latter be frequently due to fresh groundwater and salt water from ocean it
Between density contrast caused by natural phenomenon.These water bodys can level off to close to fresh-saline water interface, be referred to as mixed zone.Hydrodynamic(al)
Power diffusion-driven salt water circulation, and cause the Salt lake facies in ocean constantly to invade fresh-water aquifer, on the other hand also along the degree of saltiness
Hydrosphere is drained towards sea.The understanding of long-term strand water circulation structure comes submarine groundwater discharge and coastal region mass balance
It says extremely important.Salt water mentioned here recycles the hydrogeochemical process to play a decisive role to fresh-saline water interface, pollution
It is important content for object and nutriment migration etc. research.And it may be said that this to coastal region water resources management and rule
It draws extremely important for use.To the structure cognizing of land-sea interface Hydrodynamic Process to identification submarine groundwater discharge and strand
It is all extremely important for regional hydrologic(al) budget calculating.
There are many research and utilization multiple technologies methods quantitatively to study being circulated throughout for salt water density-driven in the past
Journey.Have many Study of Fluid dynamics and Salt Transport Characteristics in Soil to be based on monitoring on the spot in field and carried out numerical simulation.But it is salty
Water circulation, which discloses convection circulation to the research of the effect of submarine groundwater discharge, has very strong dependence to water-bearing layer dispersivity.
And physical simulation experiment related to this is very rare.Here the laboratory physical simulation experiment designed can be used to obtain variable density
Salt water recycles relevant information.It is followed by the information and numerical simulation of acquisition in conjunction with to quantify and preferably recognize variable density salt water
The process of ring analyzes fresh-saline water interface/mixed zone accurately water flow mode, passes through water body salt dynamics and physical parameter changes
To recognize the structure feature of fresh-saline water interface.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the circulation simulators that uniform density in coastal aquifer drives
And application method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that the circulation mould that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer
Intend device, including main body case, fixed in the main box there are two the permeable baffle for being vertically arranged and having several permeable holes,
Respectively first permeable baffle and the second permeable baffle, the first permeable baffle and the second permeable baffle are oppositely arranged,
The main box is divided into the first cavity, the second cavity and third cavity by two permeable baffles, first cavity, described
Second cavity and the third cavity are sequentially communicated, and second cavity is provided with porous media；It further include freshwater system and salty
Water system, the salt water system include the salt water water inlet system and salt water outlet system being connected to respectively with first cavity, institute
Stating freshwater system includes the fresh water water inlet system being connected to respectively with the third cavity and fresh water outlet system；The main box is
Transparent material is made；There is transparent fresh water in the fresh water water inlet system, has colored salt water in the salt water water inlet system.
Relevant information is recycled the beneficial effects of the present invention are: can be used to obtain variable density salt water.Pass through the letter of acquisition
Breath and numerical simulation in conjunction with come quantify and preferably understanding variable density salt water recycle process, analyze fresh-saline water interface/mixed zone
Accurately water flow mode, recognize the structure feature of fresh-saline water interface by water body salt dynamics and physical parameter variation.It is right
Density current drives the circulation flow pattern in lower fresh water-saline interface to be characterized and determined in coastal unconfind aquifer under limit
Amount.It is can determine groundwater velocity in salt-fresh water intermediate zone vertical on the basis of having certain water chemistry monitor data
Section can be used to calculate contribution of the solute (such as salinity, pollutant and nutrients) to ocean.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:
Further, the salt water water inlet system includes salt water water inlet tank and salt water pump, salt water water inlet tank and described salty
Water pump is connected by pipe, and salt water pump is connected with first cavity by pipe, the salt water pump by the salt water into
Liquid in water pot is pumped into first cavity；The salt water outlet system includes salt water collecting tank, the salt water collecting tank
It is connected by pipe with first cavity, the salt water collecting tank is used to collect the liquid flowed out in first cavity；Institute
Stating fresh water water inlet system includes fresh water water inlet tank and fresh water pump, and the fresh water water inlet tank is connected with the fresh water pump, described light
Water pump is connected with the third cavity, and the water in fresh water water inlet tank is pumped into the third cavity by the fresh water pump；
The fresh water outlet system includes fresh water collecting tank, and the fresh water collecting tank is connected by managing with the third cavity, described
Fresh water collecting tank is used to collect the liquid flowed out in the third cavity.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is that setting salt water water inlet system simple to operation, salt water go out water system
System, fresh water water inlet system and fresh water outlet system.
Further, the main box upper end is opening, and the salt water water inlet system passes through described in first cavity correspondence
Hole on main tank body sidewall is connected with first cavity, and the salt water outlet system passes through institute corresponding with first cavity
The hole stated on main tank body sidewall is connected with first cavity；The fresh water water inlet system passes through the open and third
Cavity is connected, and the fresh water outlet system passes through hole on the main tank body sidewall corresponding with the third cavity and described the
Three cavitys are connected.
The beneficial effect for using above-mentioned further scheme is main box upper end for opening, facilitate porous media exchange for and
Water is discharged into and takes place in first cavity and third cavity；Specifically define fresh water water inlet system, fresh water outlet system, salt water into
The position and set-up mode of water system and salt water outlet system can preferably realize required analog functuion.
Further, the main box is cuboid, a length of 1m of the main box, width 0.05m, a height of 0.5m.
The beneficial effect for using above-mentioned further scheme is cuboid for the common form of more main box, simulates effect
It is good, length, width and height are limited, can realize simulation effect well under the premise of saving material.
Further, described porous media one end is contacted with the described first permeable baffle, the porous media other end and institute
State the second permeable baffle contact.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is so that porous media occupies the larger space of the second cavity, sufficiently
It utilizes.
Further, the porous media is silica sand particles, and the silica sand particles diameter range is at 500-850 μm.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is that silica sand sand grains has simulation effect well, and silica sand sand grains is herein
It is more common in particle size range.
Further, the corresponding main tank body side surface of second cavity has water injection hole, in the outside of the water injection hole
It is removably connected with the sealing cover for sealing the water injection hole.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is for injecting in salt water to the second cavity, with salt water case injection the
The salt water color of two cavitys is different, to achieve the effect that simulation.
The invention further relates in a kind of coastal aquifer uniform density drive circulation simulator application method,
Include the following steps, step 1: preparing transparent fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, obtain the
One colored salt water and the second colored salt water；Step 2: the described first colored salt water being first discharged into institute by the salt water water inlet system
It states in the first cavity, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity by the fresh water water inlet system；Step 3: described
Intracorporal first salt water of first chamber and the intracorporal fresh water of the third chamber flow into second cavity, and described
One salt water and the fresh water contact, merge and are formed stable state in second cavity, in the process, observation or bat
According to the distribution of color situation of water in second cavity, exceed the salt water outlet system and described first in first cavity
The water that cavity corresponds to the main box connectivity part height is discharged by the salt water outlet system, and institute is exceeded in the third cavity
The water for stating fresh water outlet system main box connectivity part height corresponding with the third cavity is discharged by the fresh water outlet system；
Step 4: the described second colored salt water being discharged into first cavity by the salt water water inlet system and replaces the first band
Color salt water, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity by the fresh water water inlet system, in the process, observation or
Person takes pictures the distribution of color situation of water in second cavity, in first cavity beyond the salt water outlet system with it is described
The water that first cavity corresponds to the main box connectivity part height is discharged by the salt water outlet system, is surpassed in the third cavity
The water of fresh water outlet system main box connectivity part height corresponding with the third cavity passes through the fresh water outlet system out
Discharge；Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, obtaining simulation strand diving and contain
In water layer under limit uniform sea density-driven circulation patterns.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme be using preceding source trace method by observing the phenomenon that can simulate
At process, analog result is clear and intuitive, passes through the different face of both front and back for the migration on sharp side and row in seawater planar phagocytic process
Color tracer keeps the circulation process of density-driven more obvious, convenient for observation and record, while simulating effect and coincideing with natural process
Preferably.
The invention further relates in a kind of coastal aquifer uniform density drive circulation simulator application method,
Include the following steps, step 1: preparing fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, it is colored to obtain first
Salt water and the second colored salt water；Step 2: the described first colored salt water being first discharged into described first by the salt water water inlet system
In cavity, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity by the fresh water water inlet system；Step 3: first chamber
Intracorporal first salt water and the intracorporal fresh water of the third chamber flow into second cavity, first salt water
Stable state is contacted, merges and formed in second cavity with the fresh water, in the process, observes or takes pictures and is described
The distribution of color situation of water in second cavity, first cavity is interior to exceed the salt water outlet system and first cavity pair
It answers the water of the main box connectivity part height to be discharged by the salt water outlet system, the fresh water is exceeded in the third cavity
The water of outlet system main box connectivity part height corresponding with the third cavity is discharged by the fresh water outlet system；Step 4:
The water injection hole is opened, the described second colored salt water is passed through colored with first in water injection hole injection second cavity
The part of salt water color, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity by the fresh water water inlet system, in this process
In, the distribution of color situation of water in second cavity of observing or take pictures, first cavity is interior to be discharged beyond the salt water
The water of the system main box connectivity part height corresponding with first cavity is discharged by the salt water outlet system, and described the
Water in three cavitys beyond fresh water outlet system main box connectivity part height corresponding with the third cavity passes through described light
The discharge of water outlet system；Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, being simulated
In coastal unconfind aquifer under limit uniform sea density-driven circulation patterns.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme be using point source method by observing the phenomenon that being capable of accurate simulation
Invade formation, migration, process of extinction of the point source pollutant of different densities in water-bearing layer in coastal phreatic aquifer.It simulated
Journey is clear and intuitive, and it is preferable that mode is simple and convenient, simulation effect is coincide with natural situation.
Further, the dyeing course of the salt water is that dyestuff is added into the salt water to obtain the colored salt water.
A kind of conveniently staining method is to provide using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows:
1, main box, the 201, first permeable baffle, the 202, second permeable baffle, the 3, first cavity, the 4, second cavity, 5,
Three cavitys, 6, porous media, 7, salt water water inlet system, 8, salt water outlet system, 9, fresh water water inlet system, 10, fresh water outlet system
System, 11, water injection hole, 12, salt water water inlet tank, 13, salt water pump, 14, salt water collecting tank, 15, fresh water water inlet tank, 16, fresh water pump,
17, fresh water collecting tank.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
The circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer, including main body case 1 are fixed in the main box 1
There are two the permeable baffle for being vertically arranged and having several permeable holes, the respectively first permeable baffle 201 and the second permeable gear
Plate 202, the first permeable baffle 201 and the second permeable baffle 202 are oppositely arranged, and two permeable baffles will be described
Main box 1 divides for the first cavity 3, the second cavity 4 and third cavity 5, first cavity 3, second cavity 4 and described
Three cavitys 5 are sequentially communicated, and second cavity 4 is provided with porous media 6；It further include freshwater system and salt water system, it is described salty
Water system includes the salt water water inlet system 7 and salt water outlet system 8 being connected to respectively with first cavity 3, the freshwater system
Including the fresh water water inlet system 9 being connected to respectively with the third cavity 5 and fresh water outlet system 10；The main box 1 is transparent
Material is made；There is transparent fresh water in the fresh water water inlet system 9, has colored salt water in the salt water water inlet system 7.
Specifically, main box is cuboid, and the first permeable baffle and the second permeable baffle are parallel such as Fig. 1, and perpendicular to
Main tank body sidewall.
Specifically, porous media is that silica sand sand grains piles, and porous media one end is contacted with the first permeable baffle, separately such as Fig. 1
One end is contacted with the second permeable baffle, and the height of the first permeable baffle is higher than the height of described porous media one end, and second is permeable
The height of baffle is higher than the height of the porous media other end, and when main box is cuboid, porous media is preferably rectangular
Body.
Specifically, permeable baffle allows water to pass through, without allowing porous media to pass through, when porous media is silica sand sand grains
When, the bore dia on permeable baffle is less than silica sand sand grains；Not influence experimental result, permeable baffle is that stainless material is made into.
Specifically, the height of salt water outlet system and salt water case connectivity part determines the height of water level in salt water case, fresh water
The height of outlet system and fresh-water tank connectivity part determines the height of water level in fresh-water tank.Preferably, salt water outlet system with it is salty
The height and fresh water outlet system of water tank connectivity part are identical as the height of fresh-water tank connectivity part.
Experiment is the main box made of a quasi- bidimensional rectangle plexiglas (12mm is thick), is contained to simulated diving is coastal
Water layer (such as Fig. 1).Water sand slot chute is divided into three different rooms: center water sand room, wherein being filled with porous media conduct
Water-bearing layer, two sides are respectively the degree of saltiness water tank for determining the control of head boundary condition.Such as Fig. 1, left room is coastal waters salt water boundary, right ventricle
For region fresh water inland boundary.It is separated between three rooms with the permeable baffle of thin grid screen, to prevent particulate matter from passing through middle edema with the heart involved
Sand room is into the degree of saltiness water body of two sides.There are aperture (water injection holes) to use tegillum cap stopper good at water sand slot rear portion, for injecting tracer.
Water sand case is filled with porous media silica sand (diameter range is at 500-850 μm), and removes dust with distilled water and glues
Native mineral.The oxide layer for needing that quartz particles surface is removed using dilute hydrochloric acid to prevent tracer to be adsorbed.The filling of sandbox needs
It is carried out under conditions of saturation, sand body is poured into water to avoid bubble of bottling up.Stowing operation is formed slightly in porous media
Horizontal slice, lead to anisotropy.The average pore (0.37) of sand is directly measured using volumetric method.Longitudinal dispersion degree
0.003m can be calculated by breakthrough curve, and lateral dispersion degree is estimated as 0.0003m, 10 times smaller than longitudinal dispersion degree.Entire
In experimentation, distribution situation of the tracer dye in water sand case is had recorded with digital camera.File be in different times between
Every completion, it is controlled by the pace of change of water type position.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, the salt water water inlet system 7 includes that salt water water inlet tank 12 and salt water pump 13,
The salt water water inlet tank 12 is connected with salt water pump 13 by pipe, and the salt water pump 13 and first cavity 3 pass through pipe
It is connected, the liquid in salt water water inlet tank 12 is pumped into first cavity 3 by the salt water pump 13；The salt water water outlet
System 8 includes salt water collecting tank 14, and the salt water collecting tank 14 is connected by pipe with first cavity 3, and the salt water is received
Collection tank 14 is used to collect the liquid flowed out in first cavity 3；The fresh water water inlet system 9 includes fresh water water inlet tank 15 and light
Water pump 16, the fresh water water inlet tank 15 are connected with the fresh water pump 16, and the fresh water pump 16 is connected with the third cavity 5
Logical, the water in fresh water water inlet tank 15 is pumped into the third cavity 5 by the fresh water pump 16；The fresh water outlet system 10
Including fresh water collecting tank 17, the fresh water collecting tank 17 is connected by pipe with the third cavity 5, the fresh water collecting tank 17
For collecting the liquid flowed out in the third cavity 5.
Specifically, the salt water outlet system 81 connectivity part of main box corresponding with first cavity 3, which has, is greater than 0
Height value, specific height value depends on the circumstances；The fresh water outlet system 10 main box 1 corresponding with the third cavity 5 connects
Logical place has the height value greater than 0, and specific height value depends on the circumstances.
The primary condition and boundary condition entirely tested (are respectively first by the salt water room of two sides and the water level of freshwater room
The water level of cavity and third cavity) it determines.These water levels are controlled by the excessive arranging device of supply-, pipeline and pumping system, as shown in Figure 1.
Water level is higher than the height of salt water outlet system side wall connectivity part corresponding with the first cavity, and water can be from salt water outlet system and the first chamber
Body corresponds to the outflow of side wall connectivity part, to guarantee salt water constant level, that is to say, that salt water outlet system and the first cavity respective side
The height of wall connectivity part determines height of water level in the first cavity, also represents open sea level fluctuations.Water level is higher than fresh water outlet
The height of system side wall connectivity part corresponding with third cavity, water can be from fresh water outlet system side wall connectivity parts corresponding with third cavity
Outflow, to guarantee that freshwater level is constant, that is to say, that the height of fresh water outlet system side wall connectivity part corresponding with third cavity is determined
Third height of water level is determined.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, 1 upper end of main box is opening, and the salt water water inlet system 7 passes through
Hole on corresponding 1 side wall of main box of first cavity 3 is connected with first cavity 3, the salt water outlet system 8
It is connected by the hole on 1 side wall of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 with first cavity 3；The fresh water into
Water system 9 is connected by the opening with the third cavity 5, the fresh water outlet system 10 by with the third cavity
Hole on 5 corresponding 1 side walls of main box is connected with the third cavity 5.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, the main box 1 is cuboid, and a length of 1m of the main box 1, width is
0.05m, a height of 0.5m.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, described 6 one end of porous media is contacted with the described first permeable baffle 201,
6 other end of porous media is contacted with the described second permeable baffle 202.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, the porous media 6 is silica sand particles, the silica sand particles diameter range
At 500-850 μm.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, corresponding 1 side of main box of second cavity 4 has water injection hole
11, the sealing cover for sealing the water injection hole 11 is removably connected in the outside of the water injection hole 11.
Specifically, side refers to the side of the non-permeable baffle of installation, there can be water injection hole with either side, it can also be with two sides all
Have.
The invention further relates in a kind of coastal aquifer uniform density drive circulation simulator application method,
Include the following steps,
Step 1: preparing transparent fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, obtain first band
Color salt water and the second colored salt water；
Step 2: being first discharged into the described first colored salt water in first cavity 3 by the salt water water inlet system 7, together
When, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity 5 by the fresh water water inlet system 9；
Step 3: the fresh water in the described first colored salt water and the third cavity 5 in first cavity 3 is equal
It flows into second cavity 4, the first colored salt water and the fresh water contact in second cavity 4, merge simultaneously shape
At stable state, in the process, the distribution of color situation of water, first chamber in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Water in body 3 beyond the salt water outlet system 81 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 passes through institute
The discharge of salt water outlet system 8 is stated, it is corresponding with the third cavity 5 to exceed the fresh water outlet system 10 in the third cavity 5
The water of 1 connectivity part height of main box is discharged by the fresh water outlet system 10；
Step 4: the described second colored salt water being discharged into first cavity 3 by the salt water water inlet system 7 and is replaced
The first colored salt water, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity 5 by the fresh water water inlet system 9, herein mistake
Cheng Zhong, the distribution of color situation of water in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures exceed the salt water in first cavity 3
The water of the 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 of outlet system 8 passes through 8 row of salt water outlet system
Out, exceed the fresh water outlet system 10 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with the third cavity 5 in the third cavity 5
Water be discharged by the fresh water outlet system 10；
Step 5: according to distribution of color situation obtained in the step 3 and step 4, obtaining simulation coastal unconfind aquifer
The circulation patterns of uniform sea density-driven under middle limit.
The invention further relates in a kind of coastal aquifer uniform density drive circulation simulator application method,
Include the following steps,
Step 1: preparing transparent fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, it is colored to obtain first
Salt water and the second colored salt water；
Step 2: being first discharged into the described first colored salt water in first cavity 3 by the salt water water inlet system 7, together
When, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity 5 by the fresh water water inlet system 9；
Step 3: the fresh water in the described first colored salt water and the third cavity 5 in first cavity 3 is equal
It flows into second cavity 4, the first colored salt water and the fresh water contact in second cavity 4, merge simultaneously shape
At stable state, in the process, the distribution of color situation of water, first chamber in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Water in body 3 beyond the salt water outlet system 81 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 passes through institute
The discharge of salt water outlet system 8 is stated, it is corresponding with the third cavity 5 to exceed the fresh water outlet system 10 in the third cavity 5
The water of 1 connectivity part height of main box is discharged by the fresh water outlet system 10；
Step 4: opening the water injection hole 11, the described second colored salt water is injected described second by the water injection hole 11
The part of the first colored salt water color is had in cavity 4, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into institute by the fresh water water inlet system 9
Third cavity 5 is stated, in the process, the distribution of color situation of water, first chamber in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Water in body 3 beyond the salt water outlet system 81 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 passes through institute
The discharge of salt water outlet system 8 is stated, it is corresponding with the third cavity 5 to exceed the fresh water outlet system 10 in the third cavity 5
The water of 1 connectivity part height of main box is discharged by the fresh water outlet system 10；
Step 5: according to distribution of color situation obtained in the step 3 and step 4, obtaining simulation coastal unconfind aquifer
The circulation patterns of uniform sea density-driven under middle limit.
As the present embodiment further embodiment, the dyeing course of the salt water is that dyestuff is added into the salt water to obtain
The colored salt water.
The course of work:
Experiment uses three kinds of different types of water: (1) colourless fresh water (tap water, distilled water)；(2) red salt water
(density 1100kgm-3)；(3) green salt water (density 1100kgm-3).NaCl is dissolved in tap water before experiment
In, add 10g red food pigment or fluorescent yellow dye into the solution of 20L, is respectively formed red and green tracer.
Tracer has been carried out to circulation flow field using the two kinds of tracer experiments methods in preceding source and point source.In both solution,
A kind of color salt water solutions are replaced the salt water solutions of another color.Buoyancy or density contrast effect in order to prevent, keep it
Consistent in density.
Preceding source method:
In first experiment, the limit of fresh-saline water interface is obtained by preceding source trace method, then by entire salt water
Boundary moment replaces with the salt water solutions of different colours, forms the salt water end of another color, while keeping limit, In
It is pushed ahead in salt wedge.In the near future, green tracer penetrates into water-bearing layer, replaces red tracer, pushes it against the degree of saltiness
Water termination.In an experiment, green tracer penetrates into inland, and red tracer is replaced the tracer of green, in red
Salt wedge in formed one relative to lower boundary be not vertical green sharp side.This sharp side does not reach colourless underground
Fresh water area will form a long and narrow red tracer band along fresh-saline water interface.The last quilt of this long and narrow tracer band
It rinses, or even after the toe area (sphenoid fades off place) of sphenoid and such.It, will entire red tracer at the end of experiment
It is developed from elongate strips, salt water wedge is fully taken up by green tracer.This method can be used to detect salt water
Circular flow.Compared with point source method, the advantages of this method is that it can prevent horizontal proliferation/disperse influence, and can be in bigger model
Enclose interior measurement flow velocity.
Specific step is as follows,
Step 1: preparing transparent fresh water, NaCl is dissolved in tap water, obtain the salt that density is 1100kgm-3
Water adds 10g red food pigment to obtain the colored salt water of red tracer i.e. first into the salt water of 20L, adds 10g fluorescent yellow dye
The colored salt water of green tracer i.e. second is obtained into the salt water of 20L；
Step 2: first the described first colored salt water being placed in salt water water inlet tank, is pumped by salt water into described first
In cavity 3, meanwhile, the fresh water is placed in fresh water water inlet tank, is pumped into the third cavity 5 by fresh water pump；
Step 3: the fresh water in the described first colored salt water and the third cavity 5 in first cavity 3 is equal
It flows into second cavity 4, the first colored salt water and the fresh water contact in second cavity 4, merge simultaneously shape
At stable state, in the process, the distribution of color situation of water, first chamber in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Water beyond the pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 in the salt water outlet system 8 in body 3
It is discharged in the salt water collecting tank by the pipe in the salt water outlet system 8, exceeds the fresh water in the third cavity 5
The water of pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with the third cavity 5 in outlet system 10 passes through the fresh water outlet system
Pipe in 10 is discharged in the fresh water collecting tank；
Step 4: the first salt water in salt water water inlet tank being changed to the second salt water, the second colored salt water passes through described salty
Water pump, which is pumped into first cavity 3, replaces the described first colored salt water, meanwhile, will the fresh water intake by the fresh water
System 9 is discharged into the third cavity 5, in the process, the distribution of color shape of water in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Condition, first cavity 3 is interior to be connected beyond the main box 1 corresponding with first cavity 3 of the pipe in the salt water outlet system 8
The water of logical place's height is discharged in the salt water collecting tank by the pipe in the salt water outlet system 8, in the third cavity 5
Water beyond the pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with the third cavity 5 in the fresh water outlet system 10 passes through described
Pipe in fresh water outlet system 10 is discharged in the fresh water collecting tank；
Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, probe into phagocytic process,
The diffusion cycles driven by density current, simulating the density contrast under native state between fresh groundwater and salt water from ocean causes
Salt water displacement process identifies submarine groundwater discharge, obtains in simulation coastal unconfind aquifer that uniform sea is close under limit
Spend the circulation patterns of driving.
Point source method:
In second experiment, using point source method, red salt water tracer is injected known location in specific time (can shape
At a red circle), its spatial and temporal distributions is recorded, for tracking the flow pattern of fresh-saline water interface or more.In this experiment,
Red tracer is injected into green salt water wedge, is produced and the identical red pinniform of green tracer wedge density
Stream.Then, tracer is horizontally transported to the farther place in inland.Used red tracer total volume is 25mL, note
Enter 1min, decanting point coordinate are as follows: be vertically upward z-axis if Fig. 1 is horizontally to the right x-axis direction using the sand body lower left corner as origin
At the x=6cm in direction, z=6.5cm.This position can change, that is, the injection hole observation salt-fresh water that other can be selected to put
Variation, is exactly the salt-fresh water dough nut effect of different location.(color is from green to nothing shortly before close to fresh-saline water interface
Color), red circle has diffusion flow upwards, a long red warning tracking band occurs along fresh-saline water interface.Band and
Round boundary is surrounded in the lower part of wedge by green tracer, is shown on the top of sphenoid along the green that fresh-saline water interface is diluted
Track agent is surrounded.Over time, this line continues to move up, and using red circle as cost, the size of red circle becomes
It is small, it is final to disappear.
Specific step is as follows,
Step 1: prepare transparent fresh water, NaCl is dissolved in tap water, obtains the salt water that density is 1100kgm-3,
Add 10g fluorescent yellow dye to obtain the colored salt water of green tracer i.e. first into the salt water of 20L, adds 10g red food pigment extremely
The colored salt water of red tracer i.e. second is obtained in the salt water of 20L；
Step 2: first the described first colored salt water being placed in salt water water inlet tank, first chamber is pumped by salt water
In body 3, meanwhile, the fresh water is placed in fresh water water inlet tank, is pumped into the third cavity 5 by fresh water pump；
Step 3: the fresh water in first salt water and the third cavity 5 in first cavity 3 flows into
In second cavity 4, first salt water and the fresh water contact, merge and are formed stable shape in second cavity 4
State, in the process, beyond the pipe institute corresponding with first cavity 3 in the salt water outlet system 8 in first cavity 3
The water for stating 1 connectivity part height of main box is discharged in the salt water collecting tank by the pipe in the salt water outlet system 8, described
Beyond the pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with the third cavity 5 in the fresh water outlet system 10 in third cavity 5
Water is discharged in the fresh water collecting tank by the pipe in the fresh water outlet system 10；
Step 4: opening the water injection hole 11, the described second colored salt water is injected described second by the water injection hole 11
The part of the first colored salt water color is had in cavity 4, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into institute by the fresh water water inlet system 9
Third cavity 5 is stated, in the process, the distribution of color situation of water, first chamber in second cavity 4 of observing or take pictures
Water beyond the pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with first cavity 3 in the salt water outlet system 8 in body 3
It is discharged in the salt water collecting tank by the pipe in the salt water outlet system 8, exceeds the fresh water in the third cavity 5
The water of pipe 1 connectivity part height of main box corresponding with the third cavity 5 in outlet system 10 passes through the fresh water outlet system
Pipe in 10 is discharged in the fresh water collecting tank；
Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, probe into phagocytic process,
The diffusion cycles driven by density current, simulating the density contrast under native state between fresh groundwater and salt water from ocean causes
Salt water displacement process identifies submarine groundwater discharge, obtains in simulation coastal unconfind aquifer that uniform sea is close under limit
Spend the circulation patterns of driving.
" pump " used in the present invention is such as pointed out without special, then is peristaltic pump in the prior art.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on the figure or
Positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must
There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three
It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer, which is characterized in that including main body case (1), the master
It is fixed in cabinet (1) that there are two the permeable baffle for being vertically arranged and having several permeable holes, the respectively first permeable baffles
(201) it is set relatively with the second permeable baffle (202), the first permeable baffle (201) and the second permeable baffle (202)
It sets, the main box (1) is divided into the first cavity (3), the second cavity (4) and third cavity (5), institute by two permeable baffles
It states the first cavity (3), second cavity (4) and the third cavity (5) to be sequentially communicated, second cavity (4) is provided with
Porous media (6)；
It further include freshwater system and salt water system, the salt water system includes the salt water being connected to respectively with first cavity (3)
Water inlet system (7) and salt water outlet system (8), the freshwater system include the fresh water being connected to respectively with the third cavity (5)
Water inlet system (9) and fresh water outlet system (10)；
The main box (1) is made of transparent material；
There is transparent fresh water in the fresh water water inlet system (9), has colored salt water in the salt water water inlet system (7).
2. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Salt water water inlet system (7) includes salt water water inlet tank (12) and salt water pump (13), and salt water water inlet tank (12) and the salt water pump
(13) it is connected by pipe, the salt water pump (13) is connected with first cavity (3) by pipe, and the salt water pump (13) will
Liquid in salt water water inlet tank (12) is pumped into first cavity (3)；The salt water outlet system (8) includes that salt water is received
Collect tank (14), the salt water collecting tank (14) is connected by pipe with first cavity (3), and the salt water collecting tank (14) is used
In the liquid for collecting outflow in first cavity (3)；
The fresh water water inlet system (9) includes fresh water water inlet tank (15) and fresh water pump (16), and the fresh water is intake tank (15) and institute
It states fresh water pump (16) to be connected, the fresh water pump (16) is connected with the third cavity (5), and the fresh water pump (16) will be described
Water in fresh water water inlet tank (15) is pumped into the third cavity (5)；The fresh water outlet system (10) includes fresh water collecting tank
(17), the fresh water collecting tank (17) is connected by pipe with the third cavity (5), and the fresh water collecting tank (17) is for receiving
Collect the liquid flowed out in the third cavity (5).
3. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Main box (1) upper end is opening, and the salt water water inlet system (7) passes through corresponding main box (1) side of first cavity (3)
Hole on wall is connected with first cavity (3), and the salt water outlet system (8) passes through corresponding with the first cavity (3)
Hole on main box (1) side wall is connected with first cavity (3)；The fresh water water inlet system (9) passes through described spacious
Mouth is connected with the third cavity (5), and the fresh water outlet system (10) passes through the master corresponding with third cavity (5)
Hole on cabinet (1) side wall is connected with the third cavity (5).
4. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Main box (1) is cuboid, a length of 1m of the main box (1), width 0.05m, a height of 0.5m.
5. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Porous media (6) one end is contacted with the described first permeable baffle (201), and porous media (6) other end is saturating with described second
Water baffle (202) contact.
6. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Porous media (6) is silica sand particles, and the silica sand particles diameter range is at 500-850 μm.
7. the circulation simulator that uniform density drives into any one of 6 coastal aquifers according to claim 1, feature
It is, corresponding main box (1) side of second cavity (4) has water injection hole (11), in the water injection hole (11)
Outside is removably connected with the sealing cover for sealing the water injection hole (11).
8. a kind of circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer as described in any one of claim 1 to 6 makes
With method, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Step 1: preparing transparent fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, obtain the first colored salt
Water and the second colored salt water；
Step 2: being first discharged into the described first colored salt water in first cavity (3) by the salt water water inlet system (7), together
When, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity (5) by the fresh water water inlet system (9)；
Step 3: the fresh water in the described first colored salt water and the third cavity (5) in first cavity (3) is equal
It flows into second cavity (4), the first colored salt water and the fresh water contact, fusion in second cavity (4)
And stable state is formed, in the process, the distribution of color situation for the interior water of second cavity (4) of observing or take pictures is described
Exceed the salt water outlet system (8) main box (1) connectivity part corresponding with the first cavity (3) in first cavity (3)
The water of height is discharged by the salt water outlet system (8), and the fresh water outlet system (10) is exceeded in the third cavity (5)
The water of main box (1) connectivity part height corresponding with third cavity (5) is discharged by the fresh water outlet system (10)；
Step 4: the described second colored salt water being discharged into first cavity (3) by the salt water water inlet system (7) and is replaced
The first colored salt water, meanwhile, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity (5), In by the fresh water water inlet system (9)
During this, the distribution of color situation for the interior water of second cavity (4) of observing or take pictures, first cavity (3) is interior to exceed
The water of salt water outlet system (8) main box (1) the connectivity part height corresponding with the first cavity (3) passes through described salty
Water outlet system (8) discharge, the third cavity (5) is interior to exceed the fresh water outlet system (10) and the third cavity (5)
The water of corresponding main box (1) connectivity part height is discharged by the fresh water outlet system (10)；
Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, it is aqueous to obtain simulation strand diving
In layer under limit uniform sea density-driven circulation patterns.
9. a kind of application method for the circulation simulator that uniform density drives in coastal aquifer as claimed in claim 7,
It is characterized in that, includes the following steps,
Step 1: preparing fresh water, prepare the dyeing that the identical salt water of concentration carries out different colours, obtain the first colored salt water and the
Two colored salt water；
Step 2: being first discharged into the described first colored salt water in first cavity (3) by the salt water water inlet system (7), together
When, the fresh water is discharged into the third cavity (5) by the fresh water water inlet system (9)；
Step 3: the fresh water in the described first colored salt water and the third cavity (5) in first cavity (3) is equal
It flows into second cavity (4), the first colored salt water and the fresh water contact, fusion in second cavity (4)
And stable state is formed, in the process, the distribution of color situation for the interior water of second cavity (4) of observing or take pictures is described
Exceed the salt water outlet system (8) main box (1) connectivity part corresponding with the first cavity (3) in first cavity (3)
The water of height is discharged by the salt water outlet system (8), and the fresh water outlet system (10) is exceeded in the third cavity (5)
The water of main box (1) connectivity part height corresponding with third cavity (5) is discharged by the fresh water outlet system (10)；
Step 4: opening the water injection hole (11), the described second colored salt water is passed through into the water injection hole (11) injection described second
The part of the first colored salt water color is had in cavity (4), meanwhile, the fresh water is arranged by the fresh water water inlet system (9)
Enter the third cavity (5), in the process, the distribution of color situation for the interior water of second cavity (4) of observing or take pictures, institute
It states in the first cavity (3) beyond the salt water outlet system (8) main box (1) connection corresponding with the first cavity (3)
The water for locating height is discharged by the salt water outlet system (8), and the fresh water outlet system is exceeded in the third cavity (5)
(10) water of main box (1) connectivity part height corresponding with third cavity (5) is discharged by the fresh water outlet system (10)；
Step 5: according to the color migration recorded in the step 3 and step 4 and distribution situation, it is aqueous to obtain simulation strand diving
In layer under limit uniform sea density-driven circulation patterns.
10. the circulation simulator driven according to uniform density in coastal aquifer described in claim 7-8, which is characterized in that
The dyeing course of the salt water is that dyestuff is added into the salt water to obtain the colored salt water.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110530607A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Coastal unconfined aquifer is layered variable density water body Simulation of Groundwater Flow device and application method |
| CN113742900A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-03 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Device and method for simulating medium and small tide and ocean circulation |
| CN113742900B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-05-12 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Medium-small tide and ocean circulation simulation device and method |
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