CN112284965B - Coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety, and relates to a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method, wherein the coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device comprises a coal sample groove, a loading device, an inflation system and a drilling device matched with the coal sample groove; a flow measuring system is arranged between the drilling device and the coal sample tank; the loading device, the coal sample tank and the flow measuring system are all communicated with the data acquisition system. The loading device can accurately simulate the pressure of the overlying strata of the coal seam in front of the coal roadway tunneling working face, the gas pressure and the content in the coal body can be mastered in real time through the data acquisition system, the structures such as faults in the coal seam and the like can be simulated by changing the shape of the molded coal in the coal sample groove, the drilling flow can be timely and rapidly measured through the flow measurement system, the research on the relationship between the gas content in the coal seam, the gas pressure in the coal seam, the stress state borne by the coal seam in front of the working face, the structure of the coal seam and the drilling flow can be realized, and the method for more convenient and accurate effect inspection and the prediction of the outburst risk of the working face can be explored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety, and relates to a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and method.
Background
China is the country with the largest coal yield in the world and is one of the countries with the most serious coal and gas outburst in the world; in coal and gas outburst disasters, coal and gas outburst accidents on a coal roadway driving working face occur most frequently, and the safety production of a coal mine is seriously influenced. Although a plurality of outstanding prediction technologies and methods are proposed at present, outstanding accidents are also controlled to a great extent, but the outstanding accidents still occur frequently in recent years and often cause injuries and deaths of a plurality of people.
At present, residual gas content and residual gas pressure are mainly adopted in effect test of regional outburst prevention measures, a plurality of measuring points are required to be arranged in an effect test region for measurement, the drilling construction amount is large, the measurement period is long, the measurement accuracy of the residual gas pressure is poor, manual sampling and manual measurement are mainly adopted in the field measurement process, and manual evaluation is performed. It is impossible to support the informationization of preventing and controlling coal and gas outburst. Drilling cutting index method, composite index method and R value index method are mainly used for predicting the outburst danger of the tunneling working face. According to the three prediction methods, the prediction depth is within 10m, the prediction range is small, and the critical value determination lacks accuracy. The common problems of the effect inspection and working face outburst risk prediction method are that the prediction range is small, the prediction method is poor in convenience, manual detection is mainly used, and informatization and intellectualization are difficult to realize.
In order to search a method for more conveniently and accurately inspecting the effect and predicting the outburst risk of the working face, simulation research needs to be carried out on the drilling flow of the driving working face, the gas content and the gas pressure of the coal bed, the stress state borne by the coal bed in front of the working face, and the relationship between the structure of the coal bed and the drilling flow are further mastered, and the safety production of a coal mine is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and method,
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device comprises a coal sample groove, a loading device and an inflation system which act on the coal sample groove, and a drilling device which is matched with the coal sample groove;
a flow measuring system is arranged between the drilling device and the coal sample groove; the loading device, the coal sample tank and the flow measuring system are all communicated with a data acquisition system.
Optionally, the coal sample tank comprises a tank body and a tank cover arranged at the top of the tank body, and the tank cover is fixed on the tank body through a sealing pressing sheet and a fixing screw;
one end of the groove body is provided with a coal sample exposure surface, a sealing pressure plate with a sealing ring is installed on the coal sample exposure surface, an air guide hole is formed between the sealing pressure plate and the groove body, and the drilling device is arranged at the center of the sealing pressure plate in a matching mode.
Optionally, in the preparation stage, a plug is installed on the exposed surface of the coal sample through screw threads, and a gas release port with a gas release valve is arranged on the plug.
Optionally, the loading device includes a base, a plurality of hydraulic column housings disposed on the base, and a high-pressure pipe for communicating with each hydraulic column housing, a hydraulic column is disposed in each hydraulic column housing, the hydraulic column is higher than the coal sample trough, and a loading plate is fixedly connected to one end facing the coal sample trough;
the high-pressure pipe is communicated with a pressure pump, and an electronic valve communicated with the data acquisition system is also arranged on the high-pressure pipe.
Optionally, the gas charging system comprises a methane gas cylinder, a buffer tank, a vacuum pump and a plurality of charging ports with charging valves, wherein the methane gas cylinder, the buffer tank and the vacuum pump are communicated through a charging pipeline;
a valve and a vacuum gauge are arranged at the joint of the air charging pipeline and the vacuum pump.
Optionally, the flow measuring system comprises an air bag, an inflator pump communicated with the air bag through a pressurization pipe, a flow measuring pipe penetrating through the air bag and a flow meter communicated with the flow measuring pipe through the flow pipe.
Optionally, the drilling device comprises a drilling machine, a drill rod and a drill bit which are connected in sequence;
an air bag frame matched with the air bag is also arranged on the drilling machine.
Optionally, the data acquisition system comprises a control system, and a gas pressure sensor and a pressure sensor which are communicated with the control system and mounted on the coal sample tank;
the control system is also in communication with the flow measurement system and the loading device.
A coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method is applied to the coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device, and comprises the following steps:
step 2, installing a pressure sensor, a plugging disc and a plugging screw; placing a plurality of prepared cuboid molded coal into the groove body tightly to fill the groove body; pouring heated liquid resin into the tank body to fill the pores between the coal sample and the tank body; paving a groove cover, pressing the sealing pressing sheet tightly and screwing a fixing screw tightly; after the resin is solidified for a certain time, detaching the plugging screw, using a handheld drill to punch a coal sample from the reserved mounting hole and the reserved inflation inlet of the tank body, and mounting a gas pressure sensor and an inflation inlet after punching is finished; installing a loading device, installing a loading plate on a hydraulic column, installing the hydraulic column and a hydraulic column shell on a base of the loading device, connecting the hydraulic column shell with a high-pressure pipe, and connecting the high-pressure pipe with a pressure pump after installing an electronic valve on the high-pressure pipe; connecting the air pressure sensor, the pressure sensor and the electronic valve to a control system;
step 3, a control system is used for controlling a loading device to pressurize the coal sample, and a pressure sensor feeds back the loading pressure; simulating the stratum pressure borne by the coal body in front of the coal roadway driving face;
step 5, opening a gas release valve on a gas release port, releasing pressure, then detaching a blocking disc, installing a sealing pressure disc, starting to punch a coal sample of the tank body by using a drilling device after the pressure value of a gas pressure sensor closest to the sealing pressure disc is stable, stopping drilling after the pressure value is drilled to a certain depth, taking down the air bag from the air bag frame, placing the air bag into a pore between the sealing pressure disc and a drill rod, and inflating the air bag by using an inflator pump to block the pore; at the moment, gas in the drilled hole can only flow into the flowmeter through the flow measuring pipe, the control system is used for recording data of the flowmeter, the air bag is deflated after the flow is measured for a certain time, the air bag is hung on the air bag frame, the hole is continuously drilled, the drilling is stopped after the drilling is nearly performed for a certain depth, the air bag plugging and the flow measuring process are repeated, the hole is continuously drilled after the flow measurement is completed, and the flow measuring process is repeated until the hole is drilled to the other end of the groove body;
and 6, calculating the content of methane in the coal sample through pressure data of the gas pressure sensor in the drilling and flow measurement processes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device and method, the pressure of the overlying stratum of the coal seam in front of the coal roadway driving face can be accurately simulated through the loading device, the gas pressure and the content of the coal in the coal can be mastered in real time through the gas pressure sensor, the structure such as a fault in the coal seam can be simulated by changing the shape of the molded coal in the coal sample groove, the drilling flow can be timely and quickly measured through the flow measuring system, the research on the relationship between the gas content of the coal seam, the gas pressure of the coal seam, the stress state borne by the coal seam in front of the working face, the structure of the coal seam and the drilling flow can be realized, and the method for more convenient and accurate effect inspection and prediction of the outburst risk of the working face is explored.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the drilling apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: the coal sample tank 1, a tank body 11, a tank cover 12, a sealing pressing sheet 13, a fixing screw 14, a coal sample exposed surface 15, a blocking disc 16, a gas release port 17, a gas release valve 18, a loading device 2, a base 21, a hydraulic column shell 22, a hydraulic column 23, a loading plate 24, a high-pressure pipe 25, an electronic valve 26, a pressure pump 27, a gas pressure sensor 31, a pressure sensor 32, a drilling device 4, a drilling machine 41, a drill stem 42, a drill bit 43, an air bag frame 44, a flow measuring system 5, an inflating pump 51, a pressure pipe 52, an air bag 53, a flow pipe 54, a sealing pressure disc 55, a sealing ring 56, an air guide hole 57, a flow measuring pipe 58, a flow meter 59, an inflating system 6, a methane gas bottle 61, a buffer tank 62, an inflating pipeline 63, a vacuum pump 64, an inflating port 65, an inflating valve 66, a valve 67 and a vacuum meter 68.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device includes a coal sample tank 1, a loading device 2 and an inflation system 6 acting on the coal sample tank 1, and a drilling device 4 used in cooperation with the coal sample tank 1; a flow measuring system 5 is arranged between the drilling device 4 and the coal sample tank 1; the loading device 2, the coal sample tank 1 and the flow measuring system 5 are all communicated with a data acquisition system. The coal sample tank 1 comprises a tank body 11 and a flexible tank cover 12 arranged at the top of the tank body 11, and the tank cover 12 is fixed on the tank body 11 through a sealing pressing sheet 13 and a fixing screw 14; one end of the tank body 11 is provided with a coal sample exposure surface 15, a sealing pressure plate 55 with a sealing ring 56 is arranged on the coal sample exposure surface 15, an air guide hole 57 is arranged between the sealing pressure plate 55 and the tank body 11, and the drilling device 4 is arranged at the center of the sealing pressure plate 55 in a matching way; in the preparation stage, a blocking disc 16 is installed on the coal sample exposure surface 15 through threads, an air release port 17 with an air release valve 18 is arranged on the blocking disc 16, a gas pressure sensor installation hole is reserved in the middle of the side surface of the groove body 11 of the coal sample groove 1, and an inflation port installation hole and a pressure sensor installation hole are reserved at the bottom of the side surface. The loading device 2 comprises a base 21, a plurality of hydraulic column shells 22 arranged on the base 21 and a high-pressure pipe 25 used for communicating each hydraulic column shell 22, wherein a hydraulic column 23 is arranged in each hydraulic column shell 22, the hydraulic column 23 is higher than the coal sample tank 1, and one end of the hydraulic column 23 facing the coal sample tank 1 is fixedly connected with a loading plate 24; the high pressure pipe 25 is connected to a pressure pump 27, on which an electronic valve 26 is also mounted, which is connected to the data acquisition system. The inflation system 6 comprises a methane gas cylinder 61, a buffer tank 62, a vacuum pump 64 and a plurality of inflation ports 65 which are arranged on the coal sample tank 1 and are provided with inflation valves 66 and are communicated by an inflation pipeline 63; a valve 67 and a vacuum gauge 68 are arranged at the connection part of the air charging pipeline 63 and the vacuum pump 64. The flow rate measuring system 5 includes an air bag 53, an inflator 51 communicating with the air bag 53 through a pressurizing pipe 52, a flow measuring pipe 58 penetrating the air bag 53, and a flow meter 59 communicating with the flow measuring pipe 58 through a flow pipe 54. The drilling device 4 comprises a drilling machine 41, a drill rod 42 and a drill bit 43 which are connected in sequence; an air bag frame 44 matched with the air bag 53 is also arranged on the drilling machine 41. The data acquisition system comprises a control system, a gas pressure sensor 31 and a pressure sensor 32, wherein the gas pressure sensor 31 and the pressure sensor 32 are respectively arranged in a gas pressure sensor mounting hole; the control system is also in communication with the flow measurement system 5 and the loading device 2.
A coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method is applied to the coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device, and comprises the following steps:
step 2, installing a pressure sensor 32, a plugging disc 16 and plugging screws (the plugging screws are fixed in an air inflation inlet installation hole and a gas pressure sensor installation hole on the groove body); a plurality of prepared cuboid briquettes are tightly placed into the groove body 11 to fill the groove body 11; pouring heated liquid resin into the tank body 11 to fill the pores between the coal sample and the tank body 11; laying a groove cover 12, pressing a sealing pressing sheet 13 tightly and screwing a fixing screw 14 tightly; after the resin is solidified for a certain time, the plugging screw is detached, a hand-held drill is used for punching a coal sample from a gas pressure sensor mounting hole and an inflation inlet mounting hole reserved in the tank body 11, and the gas pressure sensor 31 and the inflation inlet 65 are installed after punching is finished; installing the loading device 2, installing a loading plate 24 on a hydraulic column 23, installing the hydraulic column 23 and a hydraulic column shell 22 on a base 21 of the loading device 2, connecting the hydraulic column shell 22 with a high-pressure pipe 25, installing an electronic valve 26 on the high-pressure pipe 25, and then connecting the high-pressure pipe 25 with a pressure pump 27; connecting the air pressure sensor, pressure sensor 32 and electronic valve 26 to the control system;
step 3, controlling the loading device 2 to pressurize the coal sample by using the control system, and feeding back the loading pressure by using the pressure sensor 32; simulating the stratum pressure borne by the coal body in front of the coal roadway driving working face;
step 5, opening a deflation valve 6718 on a deflation port 17, releasing pressure, then detaching the plugging disc 16, installing a sealing pressure disc 55, starting to punch a hole in the coal sample of the tank body 11 by using the drilling device 4 after the pressure value of the gas pressure sensor 31 closest to the sealing pressure disc 55 is stabilized, stopping drilling after drilling a certain depth, taking down the air bag 53 from the air bag frame 44, placing the air bag into a hole between the sealing pressure disc 55 and the drill rod 42, and inflating the air bag 53 by using the inflator pump 51 to plug the hole; at the moment, gas in the drilled hole can only flow into the flow meter 59 through the flow measuring pipe 58 and the flow meter 54, a control system is used for recording data of the flow meter 59, the air bag 53 is deflated after the flow is measured for a certain time, the air bag is hung on the air bag frame 44, the hole is continuously drilled, the drilling is stopped after the drilling is performed to a certain depth, the air bag 53 is repeatedly blocked, the flow measuring process is performed, the hole is continuously drilled, and the flow measuring process is repeated until the hole is drilled to the other end of the groove body 11;
step 6, calculating the content of methane in the coal sample through pressure data of the gas pressure sensor 31 in the drilling and flow measurement processes, wherein the concrete formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
x-coal bed gas content, m 3 /t；
a-adsorption constant of coal, m 3 /t；
b-adsorption constant of coal, MPa -1 ；
p-coal bed absolute gas pressure, MPa;
M ad -water content of coal,%;
A d ash of coal,%;
f-porosity of coal, mW;
gamma-volume weight of coal (bulk specific gravity), t/m 3 。
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method applies a coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment device which comprises a coal sample tank, a loading device and an inflation system which act on the coal sample tank, and a drilling device which is matched with the coal sample tank; a flow measuring system is arranged between the drilling device and the coal sample groove; the loading device, the coal sample groove and the flow measuring system are all communicated with a data acquisition system, and the device is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
step 1, crushing the collected fresh lump coal/granulated coal, screening a coal sample with a certain particle size, adding a certain amount of water, and preparing a plurality of cuboid molded coals with the sectional areas similar to those of grooves in a coal sample groove;
step 2, installing a pressure sensor, a plugging disc and a plugging screw; placing a plurality of prepared cuboid molded coal into the groove body tightly to fill the groove body; pouring heated liquid resin into the tank body to fill the pores between the coal sample and the tank body; paving a groove cover, pressing the sealing pressing sheet tightly and screwing a fixing screw tightly; after the resin is solidified for a certain time, detaching the plugging screw, punching the coal sample from the reserved mounting hole and the reserved inflation inlet of the groove body by using a handheld drill, and mounting a gas pressure sensor and the inflation inlet after the punching is finished; installing a loading device, installing a loading plate on a hydraulic column, installing the hydraulic column and a hydraulic column shell on a base of the loading device, connecting the hydraulic column shell with a high-pressure pipe, and connecting the high-pressure pipe with a pressure pump after installing an electronic valve on the high-pressure pipe; connecting the air pressure sensor, the pressure sensor and the electronic valve to a control system;
step 3, a control system is used for controlling a loading device to pressurize the coal sample, and a pressure sensor feeds back the loading pressure; simulating the stratum pressure borne by the coal body in front of the coal roadway driving working face;
step 4, using an inflation system to inject a certain amount of methane into the coal sample, keeping the coal sample in an adsorption balance state after a certain time, observing the pressure value of the gas pressure sensor, and repeating the inflation process until the pressure value of the gas pressure sensor is the set experimental pressure after adsorption balance;
step 5, opening a gas release valve on a gas release port, releasing pressure, then detaching a blocking disc, installing a sealing pressure disc, starting to punch a coal sample of the tank body by using a drilling device after the pressure value of a gas pressure sensor closest to the sealing pressure disc is stable, stopping drilling after the pressure value is drilled to a certain depth, taking down the air bag from the air bag frame, placing the air bag into a pore between the sealing pressure disc and a drill rod, and inflating the air bag by using an inflator pump to block the pore; at the moment, gas in the drilled hole can only flow into the flowmeter through the flow measuring pipe, the control system is used for recording data of the flowmeter, the air bag is deflated after the flow is measured for a certain time, the air bag is hung on the air bag frame, the hole is continuously drilled, the drilling is stopped after the drilling is nearly performed for a certain depth, the air bag plugging and the flow measuring process are repeated, the hole is continuously drilled after the flow measurement is completed, and the flow measuring process is repeated until the hole is drilled to the other end of the groove body;
and 6, calculating the content of methane in the coal sample through pressure data of the gas pressure sensor in the drilling and flow measurement processes.
2. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal sample tank comprises a tank body and a tank cover arranged at the top of the tank body, and the tank cover is fixed on the tank body through a sealing pressing sheet and a fixing screw;
one end of the groove body is provided with a coal sample exposure surface, a sealing pressure plate with a sealing ring is installed on the coal sample exposure surface, an air guide hole is formed between the sealing pressure plate and the groove body, and the drilling device is arranged at the center of the sealing pressure plate in a matching mode.
3. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the preparation stage, a blocking disc is installed on the exposed surface of the coal sample through threads, and a gas release port with a gas release valve is arranged on the blocking disc.
4. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the loading device comprises a base, a plurality of hydraulic column shells arranged on the base and a high-pressure pipe used for communicating the hydraulic column shells, wherein a hydraulic column is arranged in each hydraulic column shell, the hydraulic column is higher than the coal sample groove, and a loading plate is fixedly connected to one end, facing the coal sample groove, of the hydraulic column shell;
the high-pressure pipe is communicated with a pressure pump, and an electronic valve communicated with the data acquisition system is also arranged on the high-pressure pipe.
5. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas charging system comprises a methane gas cylinder, a buffer tank, a vacuum pump and a plurality of charging ports which are arranged on the coal sample groove and are provided with gas charging valves, wherein the methane gas cylinder, the buffer tank and the vacuum pump are communicated through a gas charging pipeline;
a valve and a vacuum gauge are arranged at the joint of the gas charging pipeline and the vacuum pump.
6. The coal roadway heading face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flow measuring system comprises an air bag, an inflator pump communicated with the air bag through a pressurizing pipe, a flow measuring pipe penetrating through the air bag and a flow instrument communicated with the flow measuring pipe through the flow pipe.
7. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the drilling device comprises a drilling machine, a drill rod and a drill bit which are connected in sequence;
an air bag frame matched with the air bag is also arranged on the drilling machine.
8. The coal roadway driving face drilling flow simulation experiment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data acquisition system comprises a control system, and a gas pressure sensor and a pressure sensor which are communicated with the control system and are arranged on the coal sample tank;
the control system is also in communication with the flow measurement system and the loading device.
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