CN112284911A - Ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system - Google Patents
Ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112284911A CN112284911A CN202011097659.5A CN202011097659A CN112284911A CN 112284911 A CN112284911 A CN 112284911A CN 202011097659 A CN202011097659 A CN 202011097659A CN 112284911 A CN112284911 A CN 112284911A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0411—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system which comprises a top beam, an upright post, a base, a counter-force support, a movable cross beam, a locking mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a loading platform and a hydraulic and electric control system, wherein the top beam is fixed on the base; the upper surface of the base is provided with a sliding flat plate, a loading platform is arranged on the sliding flat plate, the movable cross beam is positioned above the loading platform, the counter-force support is fixedly connected to the base, the stand column is fixedly arranged on the base, and the top beam is arranged at the top of the stand column; the movable cross beam is fastened with the upright columns in a locking state and forms a loading frame structure with self-balancing internal force with the upright columns, the top beam and the base; the loading platform can move on the sliding flat plate, and a tested piece is fixedly connected between the movable cross beam and the loading platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering test loading equipment, in particular to a ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system.
Background
In many industries and technical fields of construction, machinery, transportation, earthquake research and the like, the mechanical property test of large-scale components requires technical means and equipment with overlarge structure size and loading capacity. However, the existing technical equipment is limited in test space, loading capacity and convenience in use, so that many tests cannot be performed, and the progress and development of related scientific and technical research and engineering implementation are seriously influenced.
Patent CN107271288B discloses a ten-thousand-ton-level loading test device moving beam lifting system, which is characterized in that the ten-thousand-ton-level loading test device comprises a base, four upright posts, a top beam, a moving beam lifting system and a loading platform; the upright columns are respectively fixedly connected with the base, and the top beam is fixed at the tops of the upright columns; the loading platform is fixed on the base, and the movable beam is positioned above the loading platform; the movable beam lifting system is used for driving the movable beam to move in the vertical direction; the mobile beam lifting system comprises: four movable cross beam lifting hydraulic cylinders and a hydraulic driving system; the cylinder barrel of the movable cross beam lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the top beam through a cylinder barrel fixing piece, and the lower end of the piston rod is connected with the bottom of the movable cross beam through a piston rod connecting piece; a cavity for accommodating the cylinder barrel is arranged on the movable cross beam; each group of movable beam lifting hydraulic cylinders is provided with a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor; the hydraulic driving system is used for driving the movable cross beam lifting hydraulic cylinder to operate; the cylinder barrel fixing piece comprises a spherical pad and an anti-rotation frame, and a cylinder barrel of the movable beam lifting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a shoulder and a trunnion; the middle part of the spherical pad is provided with a mounting hole for the cylinder barrel to pass through, the spherical pad is connected with the top beam, and the shoulder is arranged above the spherical pad; the anti-rotation frame is fixedly connected with the top beam, and the trunnion is arranged in a U-shaped groove of the anti-rotation frame. The patent can realize continuous stepless adjustment in a vertical moving space. Four hydraulic cylinders are driven by a synchronous driving motor, and an electro-hydraulic servo system is designed for a single hydraulic cylinder to compensate the action inconsistency of the four hydraulic cylinders; the multi-degree-of-freedom coordination control system can coordinate the coupling of internal forces among the lifting hydraulic cylinders, and ensures that the movable cross beam can stably, quickly and safely move in the upright post guide rail.
Therefore, in view of the above problems of the prior art, and based on the previous research of the applicant, a new ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system is further innovatively proposed to achieve a load capacity of ten-thousand tons and to achieve efficient testing of large-scale constructions.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system, which can solve the above problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system which comprises a top beam, an upright post, a base, a counter-force support, a movable cross beam, a locking mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a loading platform and a hydraulic and electric control system, wherein the top beam is connected with the upright post; the upper surface of the base is provided with a sliding flat plate, the sliding flat plate is provided with a loading platform, the movable cross beam is positioned above the loading platform, the counter-force support is fixedly connected to the base, the four stand columns are arranged on stand column mounting surfaces at four corners of the base, the top beam is arranged at the tops of the stand columns, and the top beam, the stand columns, the base and the counter-force support are connected into an integral component through prestress pull rods; the movable cross beam is fastened with the upright columns in a locking state and forms a loading frame structure with self-balancing internal force with the upright columns, the top beam and the base; and wherein, the loading platform is six degree of freedom motion loading platforms, and it can move on the slip dull and stereotyped to the piece under test is fixedly connected with between movable beam and the loading platform.
In one embodiment of the invention, the loading platform is a closed structure welded by a steel structure, the upper surface of the loading platform is provided with a threaded hole group, the threaded hole group is used for fixedly mounting a tested piece, the loading platform is connected with 18 hydraulic cylinders, the 18 hydraulic cylinders are in communication connection with a hydraulic and electric control system, and the hydraulic and electric control system controls spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude motion of the loading platform through the 18 hydraulic cylinders.
In one embodiment of the invention, the lifting mechanism comprises 4 lifting hydraulic cylinders, four lifting hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the top beam, the lifting hydraulic cylinders are connected with the movable cross beam of the loading frame structure, the telescopic motion of the lifting hydraulic cylinders drives the movable cross beam to move up and down, four sets of displacement sensors are arranged between the top beam and the movable cross beam, the displacement information of the lifting hydraulic cylinders is determined according to the numerical value of the displacement sensors, and the displacement information is used as information for carrying out spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude control on the movable cross beam.
In one embodiment of the invention, the loading platform is transversely provided with 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders, the 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged and connected with the loading platform through spherical hinges so as to realize transverse reciprocating load motion of the loading platform, and the transverse hydraulic cylinders are also provided with force sensors; 2 longitudinal hydraulic cylinders are longitudinally arranged on the loading platform and are connected with the loading platform through spherical hinges so as to realize longitudinal reciprocating loading motion of the loading platform; the bottom of the loading platform is provided with 6 vertical hydraulic cylinders, the top of a cylinder body of each vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the loading platform through a bolt so as to realize vertical forward loading of the loading platform, and the bottom of each vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected with a first sliding hydrostatic bearing so as to move on a sliding flat plate; and the loading platform is also provided with 4 press-down hydraulic cylinders.
In one embodiment of the invention, the counter-force support comprises a transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force support, a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support and a pressing counter-force support, wherein the base is transversely and symmetrically arranged, two transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force supports are installed on the base, one longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support is arranged on one longitudinal side of the base, the transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force supports and the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support are integrally connected with the base through welding, the pressing counter-force support is installed on the base through a prestressed pull rod, a sliding surface is arranged on the inner surface of the pressing counter-force support, the bottom of the pressing hydraulic cylinder is connected with a second sliding hydrostatic bearing, and the second sliding hydrostatic bearing can make micro-friction motion within the range of the sliding surface of.
In one embodiment of the invention, the movable beam is of a cuboid structure, the movable beam is of a closed structure formed by combining and welding steel structures, the movable beam is horizontally installed in a space formed by four upright posts, the upper surface and the lower surface of the movable beam are respectively provided with a through hole group, four corners of the movable beam are respectively provided with a locking mechanism installation seat, and the periphery and the inside of the locking mechanism installation seat are provided with the through hole groups for connecting with a locking mechanism.
In one embodiment of the invention, the stand columns are closed columns with irregular pentagonal variable cross sections in cross section, the four stand columns are connected with the base into a whole through the prestress pull rods, the inner side surfaces of the stand columns are provided with the fixed rack, the fixed rack is fixed through a key slot arranged on the stand columns and is connected with the fixed rack through a pre-tightening screw penetrating through the fixed rack, and the fixed rack transmits acting force to the stand columns through the key slot and the pre-tightening screw.
In one embodiment of the invention, the locking mechanism and the movable beam are fixed together through a prestressed pull rod, the locking mechanism comprises a holding frame, movable teeth, a holding claw, a driving hydraulic cylinder, a wedge driving hydraulic cylinder and a wedge, wherein the movable teeth are arranged in the holding frame, and are engaged and separated from fixed teeth on the upright post through the telescopic motion of the driving hydraulic cylinder arranged in the holding frame, when the locking mechanism is in an unlocked state, a certain gap is formed between the holding claw of the locking mechanism and the upright post, when the locking mechanism is in a locked state, the wedge arranged on the holding claw is driven by the wedge driving hydraulic cylinder to fill the gap between the upright post and the holding claw until the gap disappears, and the holding claw can transmit acting force transmitted by the movable beam to the upright post.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the loading platform is provided with two pressing legs symmetrically distributed on two sides of the loading platform, and the pressing legs are spatially staggered with the pressing counter-force support, and are located under the pressing counter-force support, and 4 pressing hydraulic cylinders are installed on the pressing legs.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sliding hydrostatic bearing is in a disc shape, the sliding hydrostatic bearing comprises a hydrostatic support and a hydrostatic plate which are mutually independent, a vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the hydrostatic support, the hydrostatic plate is directly and tightly contacted with a sliding flat plate on a base, a spherical convex surface of the hydrostatic support is matched with a spherical concave surface of the hydrostatic plate to form a spherical pair, pressure oil is introduced into the spherical pair, the lower surface of the hydrostatic plate is provided with 12 side working cavities and 1 central cavity, each cavity is an independent cavity which is mutually isolated, an oil supply hole of the working cavity of the hydrostatic plate is in a throttling valve port structure, a spacing sensor is arranged on the hydrostatic plate, a pressure sensor is arranged on an oil supply oil path of the cavity of the hydrostatic plate, and the outer edge of the hydrostatic plate is provided with a circular oil return groove.
Compared with the prior art, the ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system has the following beneficial effects: the ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system comprises a top beam, an upright post, a base, a counter-force support, a movable cross beam, a locking mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a loading platform and a hydraulic and electric control system, wherein a tested piece is fixedly connected between the movable cross beam and the loading platform, the controlled motion of the loading platform transfers acting force to the tested piece to realize that required working condition load is applied to the tested piece, and the controlled six-freedom-degree spatial motion of the loading platform can be realized, and the six-freedom-degree spatial load can be applied to the tested piece. The load applied to the test piece by the loading platform is borne by an internal force self-balancing loading frame consisting of the top beam, the movable cross beam, the upright post and the base, the loading frame has good rigidity, and the load is not transferred to the outside of the loading frame, so that the test system can apply static load and dynamic load. Meanwhile, the movable cross beam can freely and continuously move under the driving of the lifting mechanism, and the installation requirements of test pieces with different sizes can be conveniently met by matching with the locking condition of the locking mechanism. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the loading frame components are connected by the prestressed pull rod, so that the welding amount is reduced, and the influence of welding deformation on the accuracy of a test system and the difficulty of processing and manufacturing are reduced;
(2) the loading frame forms an internal force self-balancing system, so that the influence of the test system on the external environment during working is reduced;
(3) the movable cross beam can be continuously and vertically lifted, so that the continuous adjustment of the vertical space of the test loading can be realized, and the operation and use convenience of the test system is greatly enhanced;
(4) the locking mechanism is arranged on the movable beam, and the movable teeth of the locking mechanism are meshed with the fixed teeth on the upright post to bear load tightly by adopting a tooth meshing locking mode, so that the locking mode is simplified, and the bearing capacity and reliability of a loading frame of the test system are greatly improved;
(5) and a sliding static pressure supporting bearing is adopted, so that the friction force is greatly reduced, and the loading accuracy of the test system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view of a ten-thousand-ton-class multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a ten-thousand-ton multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal force self-balancing loading frame composed of a base, an upright post and a top beam of the ten-thousand-ton multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a locking mechanism of a ten-thousand-ton multifunction test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a fixed rack arrangement on a column of a ten-thousand-ton-scale multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a moving beam and a locking mechanism of a ten-thousand-ton multifunction test system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the engagement connection between the movable teeth of the locking mechanism and the fixed teeth of the stand column of the ten-thousand-ton multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a loading platform of a ten-thousand-ton multifunctional testing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a six degree-of-freedom loading diagram of a ten-thousand-ton multi-function testing system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a sliding hydrostatic bearing of a ten-thousand-ton multifunction test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-base, 2-upright post, 3-top beam, 4-movable cross beam, 5-locking mechanism, 51-holding frame, 52-movable tooth, 53-holding claw, 54-driving hydraulic cylinder, 6-loading platform, 7-lifting hydraulic cylinder, 8-transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force support, 9-longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support, 10-transverse hydraulic cylinder, 11-longitudinal hydraulic cylinder, 12-sliding flat plate, 13-vertical hydraulic cylinder, 14-pressing hydraulic cylinder, 15-pressing counter-force support, 16-sliding surface, 17-fixed rack, 18-pressing support leg, 19-static pressure plate, 20-static pressure support and 21-first sliding static pressure bearing.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the multi-functional ten-thousand-ton test system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, a column 2, a top beam 3, a reaction force support, a movable cross beam 4, a locking mechanism 5, a lifting mechanism, a loading platform 6, and a hydraulic and electric control system. Wherein, the upper surface of base 1 is provided with slip dull and stereotyped 12, installs loading platform 6 on the slip dull and stereotyped 12, and moving beam 4 is located the top of loading platform 6, and reaction support fixed connection is on base 1, and four stands 2 set up on the stand installation face of four angles departments of base 1, and back timber 3 sets up the top at stand 2 to back timber 3, stand 2, base 1, reaction support connect into integral component by the prestressing force pull rod. The top beam 3 is provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the movable cross beam 4, the locking mechanism 5 is fixed on the movable cross beam 4, the movable cross beam 4 can axially lift and move under the driving of the lifting mechanism under the unlocked state, the movable cross beam 4 can stop moving at any position, and is locked by the locking mechanism 5 after the position is adjusted, so that the position is kept unchanged. In a locking state, the movable cross beam 4 stops moving, the movable cross beam 4 is fastened with the upright post 2 through the locking mechanism 5, and forms a loading frame structure with self-balancing internal force with the upright post 2, the top beam 3 and the base 1. The loading platform 6 is located in the middle of the loading frame, the loading platform 6 is a six-degree-of-freedom motion loading platform which can move on the sliding flat plate 12, and the loading platform 6 can realize spatial six-degree-of-freedom motion under the driving of a hydraulic cylinder connected with the loading platform. The tested piece is fixedly connected between the movable beam 4 and the loading platform 6, the loading platform 6 is controlled to move to transmit acting force to the tested piece, and six-degree-of-freedom space load is applied to the tested piece.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-3, the base 1 is an integral structure formed by welding 7 steel structures, and concrete is poured into the steel structure cavity to increase the base mass as a foundation. In order to enhance the rigidity of the base 1, prestressed inhaul cables are arranged in the cross beam area at the bottom of the base 1 transversely and longitudinally.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the lifting mechanism includes 4 lifting hydraulic cylinders 7, four lifting hydraulic cylinders 7 are installed on the top beam 3, the lifting hydraulic cylinders 7 are connected with the movable cross beam 4 of the loading frame structure, and the telescopic motion of the lifting hydraulic cylinders 7 drives the movable cross beam 4 to move up and down. Four sets of displacement sensors are arranged between the top beam 3 and the movable cross beam 4, the displacement information of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is determined through the numerical value of the displacement sensors, and the displacement information is used as the information for carrying out spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude control on the movable cross beam 4.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 to 9, the loading platform 6 is a closed structure welded by steel structure, and the upper surface of the loading platform 6 is provided with a screw hole set for fixedly mounting the tested piece. The loading platform 6 is connected with 18 hydraulic cylinders in total, the 18 hydraulic cylinders are in communication connection with a hydraulic and electric control system, and the hydraulic and electric control system controls the spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude motion of the loading platform through the 18 hydraulic cylinders. The 18 hydraulic cylinders comprise 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders 10, 2 longitudinal hydraulic cylinders 11, 6 vertical hydraulic cylinders 13 and 4 downward-pressing hydraulic cylinders 14.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the loading platform 6 is transversely provided with 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders 10, the 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders 10 are symmetrically arranged and connected with the loading platform 6 through spherical hinges to realize transverse reciprocating load movement of the loading platform 6, and the transverse hydraulic cylinders 6 are also provided with force sensors. The loading platform 6 is longitudinally provided with 2 longitudinal hydraulic cylinders 11, and the loading platform is connected with the loading platform 6 through a spherical hinge so as to realize the longitudinal reciprocating loading motion of the loading platform. The loading platform moves in coordination with the longitudinal hydraulic cylinders, so that the loading platform can freely move in a horizontal direction in the sliding flat plate and can do reciprocating torsional load movement in a vertical direction of no more than +/-10 degrees. The bottom of loading platform is provided with 6 vertical pneumatic cylinders 13, and the cylinder body top of vertical pneumatic cylinder 13 passes through bolt and 6 bottom fixed connection of loading platform to realize the vertical forward loading of loading platform 6, first slip hydrostatic bearing 21 is connected to the bottom of vertical pneumatic cylinder 13, in order to move on slip dull and stereotyped 12. The sliding flat plate 12 arranged on the upper surface of the base 1 has high requirements on flatness and roughness and is used as a working surface for supporting the sliding hybrid bearing 14 to do sliding motion. The transverse, longitudinal and vertical hydraulic cylinders of the loading platform move coordinately, so that the vertical load movement of the loading platform and the reciprocating torsional load movement of the transverse and longitudinal directions which are not more than +/-2 degrees can be realized.
In one embodiment of the invention the reaction force abutments comprise a lateral cylinder reaction force abutment 8, a longitudinal cylinder reaction force abutment 8 and a down-pressure reaction force abutment 15. The base 1 is transversely and symmetrically arranged, two transverse hydraulic cylinder reaction supports 8 are mounted on the base 1, a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder reaction support 9 is arranged on a longitudinal single face, and the transverse hydraulic cylinder reaction supports 8 and the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder reaction support 9 are connected with the base 1 into a whole through welding. The lower pressing reaction force support 15 is mounted on the base 1 through a prestressed tension rod. The inner surface of the pressing counter force support 15 is provided with a sliding surface 16, the bottom of the pressing hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with a second sliding hydrostatic bearing, and the second sliding hydrostatic bearing can make micro-friction motion within the range of the sliding surface 16 of the pressing counter force support 15.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable beam 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the movable beam 4 has a closed structure formed by welding a steel structure in combination. The movable beam 4 is horizontally arranged in a space formed by the four upright posts 2, the upper surface and the lower surface of the movable beam 4 are provided with through hole groups, four corners of the movable beam 4 are provided with locking mechanism mounting seats, and the periphery and the inside of each locking mechanism mounting seat are provided with the through hole groups which are used for being connected with the locking mechanisms 5.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upright posts 2 are closed cylinders with irregular pentagonal variable cross sections, and the four upright posts 2 are connected with the base 1 into a whole through prestressed pull rods. The inner side surface of the upright post 2 is provided with a fixed rack 17, the fixed rack 17 is fixed through a key slot arranged on the upright post 2, the upright post 2 is connected with the fixed rack 17 through a pre-tightening screw penetrating through the fixed rack 17, and the fixed rack 17 transmits acting force to the upright post 2 through the key slot and the pre-tightening screw.
In one embodiment of the invention, the locking mechanism 5 and the travelling beam 4 are fixed together by means of a prestressed tie rod. As shown in fig. 4, the locking mechanism 5 includes a holding frame 51, a movable tooth 52, a holding claw 53, a driving hydraulic cylinder 54, a cam driving hydraulic cylinder, and a cam. Wherein the movable teeth 52 are arranged in the holding frame 51, and the engagement and the disengagement of the movable teeth 52 and the fixed rack 17 on the upright 2 are realized by the telescopic motion of the driving hydraulic cylinder 54 installed in the holding frame. When the locking mechanism 5 is in an unlocked state, a certain gap is formed between the holding claw of the locking mechanism 5 and the upright post 2, when the locking mechanism 5 is in a locked state, the wedge arranged on the holding claw 53 is driven by a wedge driving hydraulic cylinder so as to fill the gap between the upright post 2 and the holding claw 53 until the gap disappears, and the holding claw can transmit the acting force transmitted by the movable beam 4 to the upright post 2.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 8-9, the loading platform 6 is provided with press-down legs 18, the press-down legs 18 being symmetrically distributed on both sides of the loading platform 6, two press-down legs 18 being provided on each side. And the pressing legs 18 are spatially staggered with the pressing reaction force support 15, the pressing legs 18 are positioned below the pressing reaction force support 15, and 4 pressing hydraulic cylinders 14 are installed on the pressing legs. The effect of depressing hydraulic cylinder 14 is: 1. in the stages of erecting the test piece and starting and stopping the test, a downward hydraulic cylinder is required to provide vertical pressure to maintain the stable operation of the system. 2. When vertical power is little, the test piece receives pure shearing working condition, turning moment can appear, leads to vertical actuator to appear receiving tensile condition, and vertical actuator supports and probably produces the leakage between terminal surface and platform this moment, needs to push down the pneumatic cylinder and increases the antidumping ability of system. 3. When doing the brittle material test, the test piece snap, and the loading capacity diminishes suddenly, and the mesa can upwards bounce under vertical actuator's effort, causes to produce between vertical actuator support terminal surface and the platform and leaks, pushes down the vertical overdraft of pneumatic cylinder through switching system control mode cooperation under this kind of the condition and guarantees system work safety operation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, the first sliding hydrostatic bearing 21 is in a disc shape, the first sliding hydrostatic bearing 21 includes a hydrostatic support 20 and a hydrostatic plate 19 which are independent of each other, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with the hydrostatic support 20, the hydrostatic plate 19 is directly in close contact with the sliding flat plate 12 on the base, a spherical convex surface of the hydrostatic support 20 and a spherical concave surface of the hydrostatic plate 19 cooperate to form a spherical pair, and pressurized oil is introduced into the spherical pair to reduce friction. Pressure oil is introduced into the spherical pair, 12 side working cavities and 1 central cavity are arranged on the lower surface of the static pressure disc 19, and each cavity is an independent cavity which is mutually isolated.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the sliding hydrostatic bearing works, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 13 and the downward hydraulic cylinder 14 work in coordination to uniformly press the static pressure plate and the sliding flat plate 12 on the base 1, so as to ensure that the static pressure plate is tightly attached to the sliding flat plate 12. Then, the hydraulic system leads high-pressure hydraulic oil into the sliding hydrostatic bearing, and the hydraulic oil is injected into the bearing through 13 working cavities distributed at the bottom of the hydrostatic plate and oil outlet holes in the spherical pair. The contact surface between the static pressure plate and the sliding flat plate 12 establishes a layer of high-pressure oil film and supports the whole loading platform 6. The hydraulic rod in the pressing hydraulic cylinder 14 is provided with a spring, so that the sliding hydrostatic bearing 14 connected with the hydraulic rod is always ensured to be in close and uniform contact with the sliding surface 16 on the pressing support. The micro-friction motion can be realized by the loading platform 6 moving on the high-pressure oil film. The sliding hydrostatic bearing 14 has self-balancing capability and can resist the unbalance loading overturning effect brought by the test working condition. The oil supply hole of the working cavity of the static pressure plate is designed into a throttling valve port structure. When the static pressure plate is subjected to unbalance loading, the working cavity with small clearance has large hydraulic resistance and generates large pressure; the working chambers with large gaps have small hydraulic resistance and small generated pressure, and the different working chambers with the gaps can generate a reaction force moment so as to balance the unbalance loading load.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a distance sensor is further disposed on the static pressure disk to monitor a working state and determine whether a stable hydraulic oil film is established between the static pressure disk and the sliding plate 12. The oil supply circuit of the static pressure disk cavity is provided with a pressure sensor 22 for feeding back the working pressure of the sliding static pressure bearing to a hydraulic oil source in real time to adjust the working pressure. The outer edge of the static pressure plate is provided with a circular oil return groove, and high-pressure oil overflowing from the oil film of the high-pressure cavity returns to the oil tank. The closed oil tank generates negative pressure through a connected vacuum pump, and the hydraulic oil in the oil return groove is sucked back to the oil tank.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A ten-thousand-ton-level multifunctional test system is characterized by comprising a top beam, an upright post, a base, a counter-force support, a movable cross beam, a locking mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a loading platform and a hydraulic and electric control system;
the upper surface of the base is provided with a sliding flat plate, the sliding flat plate is provided with a loading platform, the movable cross beam is positioned above the loading platform, the counter-force support is fixedly connected to the base, the four upright posts are arranged on upright post mounting surfaces at four corners of the base, the top beam is arranged at the tops of the upright posts, and the top beam, the upright posts, the base and the counter-force support are connected into an integral component through prestressed pull rods;
the top beam is provided with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the movable cross beam, the locking mechanism is fixed on the movable cross beam, the movable cross beam can perform axial lifting movement along the upright column under the driving of the lifting mechanism in an unlocked state, the movable cross beam is fastened with the upright column in a locked state, and a loading frame structure with self-balanced internal force is formed by the movable cross beam, the upright column, the top beam and the base;
and the loading platform is a six-degree-of-freedom motion loading platform which can move on the sliding flat plate, and a tested piece is fixedly connected between the movable cross beam and the loading platform.
2. The ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loading platform is a closed structure welded by steel structures, the upper surface of the loading platform is provided with a screw hole group, the screw hole group is used for fixedly mounting a tested piece, the loading platform is connected with 18 hydraulic cylinders, the 18 hydraulic cylinders are in communication connection with the hydraulic and electric control system, and the hydraulic and electric control system controls the spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude motion of the loading platform through the 18 hydraulic cylinders.
3. The ten-thousand-ton multifunctional testing system according to claim 2, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises 4 lifting hydraulic cylinders, four lifting hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the top beam, the lifting hydraulic cylinders are connected with a movable cross beam of the loading frame structure, the telescopic motion of the lifting hydraulic cylinders drives the movable cross beam to move up and down, four sets of displacement sensors are mounted between the top beam and the movable cross beam, the displacement information of the lifting hydraulic cylinders is determined according to the values of the displacement sensors, and the displacement information is used as information for performing spatial six-degree-of-freedom attitude control on the movable cross beam.
4. A multi-functional ten-thousand-ton-class test system according to claim 3, characterized in that the loading platform is provided with 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders in the transverse direction, the 6 transverse hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged and connected with the loading platform through spherical hinges to realize the transverse reciprocating loading movement of the loading platform, and the transverse hydraulic cylinders are also provided with force sensors; 2 longitudinal hydraulic cylinders are longitudinally arranged on the loading platform and are connected with the loading platform through spherical hinges so as to realize longitudinal reciprocating loading motion of the loading platform; the bottom of the loading platform is provided with 6 vertical hydraulic cylinders, the top of a cylinder body of each vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the loading platform through a bolt so as to realize vertical forward loading of the loading platform, and the bottom of each vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected with a first sliding hydrostatic bearing so as to move on a sliding flat plate; and the loading platform is also provided with 4 press-down hydraulic cylinders.
5. A multi-functional ten-thousand ton-scale test system according to claim 4, wherein said reaction abutments include lateral hydraulic cylinder reaction abutments, longitudinal hydraulic cylinder reaction abutments and hold-down reaction abutments, wherein the base is transversely and symmetrically arranged, two transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force supports are arranged on the base, one longitudinal single surface is provided with one longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support, the transverse hydraulic cylinder counter-force support and the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder counter-force support are connected with the base into a whole by welding, the pressing counter-force support is arranged on the base by a prestressed pull rod, and the inner surface of the pressing counter force support is provided with a sliding surface, the bottom of the pressing hydraulic cylinder is connected with a second sliding hydrostatic bearing, the second sliding hydrostatic bearing can make micro-friction motion in the range of the sliding surface of the pressing reaction force support.
6. The ten-thousand-ton-class multifunctional testing system according to claim 5, wherein the movable beam is a rectangular structure and is a closed structure formed by welding steel structures in a combined manner, the movable beam is horizontally installed in a space formed by four upright posts, through hole groups are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the movable beam, locking mechanism installing seats are arranged at four corners of the movable beam, and hole groups are arranged on the periphery and inside of the locking mechanism installing seats and used for being connected with the locking mechanisms.
7. The multi-functional ten-thousand-ton-class test system according to claim 1, wherein the vertical columns are closed columns with irregular pentagonal variable cross sections, four vertical columns are connected with the base into a whole through the prestressed pull rods, fixed racks are installed on the inner side surfaces of the vertical columns, the fixed racks are fixed through key slots arranged on the vertical columns, the connection between the vertical columns and the fixed racks is realized through pre-tightening screws penetrating through the fixed racks, and the fixed racks transmit acting forces to the vertical columns through the key slots and the pre-tightening screws.
8. The multi-function, tonnage test system of claim 7 wherein said locking mechanism and said movable cross-member are secured together by a pre-stressed tension bar, the locking mechanism comprises a holding frame, movable teeth, a holding claw, a driving hydraulic cylinder, a wedge driving hydraulic cylinder and a wedge, wherein the movable teeth are arranged in the holding frame, and the engagement and the separation of the movable teeth and the fixed teeth on the upright posts are realized by the telescopic motion of the driving hydraulic cylinder arranged in the holding frame, when the locking mechanism is in an unlocked state, a certain gap is formed between the holding claw of the locking mechanism and the upright post, when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, the inclined wedge arranged on the holding claw is driven by a hydraulic cylinder driven by the inclined wedge so as to fill the gap between the upright post and the holding claw until the gap disappears, and the holding claw can transfer the acting force transferred by the moving beam to the upright post.
9. A ten-thousand-ton multifunctional test system according to claim 5, characterized in that the loading platform is provided with press legs, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the loading platform, two on each side, and which are spatially staggered with press counterforce seats, under which 4 press cylinders are mounted.
10. The multi-purpose ten-thousand ton-scale test system according to claim 9, wherein the sliding hydrostatic bearing is in the shape of a disk, the sliding hydrostatic bearing comprises a hydrostatic support and a hydrostatic plate which are mutually independent, the vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the hydrostatic support, the static pressure plate is directly and tightly contacted with the sliding flat plate on the base, the convex surface of the static pressure support ball is matched with the concave surface of the static pressure plate to form a spherical pair, pressure oil is introduced into the spherical pair, 12 side working cavities and 1 central cavity are arranged on the lower surface of the static pressure plate, wherein each cavity is an independent cavity which is mutually separated, the working cavity oil supply hole of the static pressure plate is constructed into a throttling valve port structure, and a spacing sensor is arranged on the static pressure disc, a pressure sensor is arranged on an oil supply oil path of the cavity of the static pressure disc, and a circular oil return groove is formed in the outer edge of the static pressure disc.
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Effective date of registration: 20230109 Address after: 101320 Building 1, No. 15, Linhe Street, Linhe Industrial Development Zone, Shunyi District, Beijing Applicant after: China Construction Engineering Testing (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA STATE CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING Corp.,Ltd. Applicant after: China Construction Engineering Industry Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100037 No. three Li River Road, Beijing, Haidian District, 15 Applicant before: CHINA STATE CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING Corp.,Ltd. Applicant before: China Construction Engineering Industry Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. |
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