CN112283700A - Method for conveying ash in circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Method for conveying ash in circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN112283700A CN112283700A CN202010978717.9A CN202010978717A CN112283700A CN 112283700 A CN112283700 A CN 112283700A CN 202010978717 A CN202010978717 A CN 202010978717A CN 112283700 A CN112283700 A CN 112283700A
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- ash
- flue
- slag
- conveying
- fluidized bed
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 349
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for conveying ash in a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The invention is to realize the synchronous conveying of the slag and the furnace ash of a circulating fluidized bed, which comprises a slag-off flow and a furnace ash-discharging flow, the slag-conveying method of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is realized by a slag-conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the slag-conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises the circulating fluidized bed boiler, a roller slag cooler, a flue ash hopper, a rotary ash discharge valve, a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor, an ash discharge pipe, a scraper, a superheater, a convection bank, a coal economizer and a slag reservoir, the roller slag cooler and the flue are both connected with the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the flue ash hopper is arranged at the bottom of the flue, the rotary ash discharge valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the flue ash hopper and the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor, one end of the ash discharge pipe is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor, the other end of the ash discharge pipe and the roller slag cooler are both connected with the scraper, the scraper is connected with the, the flue is connected with the economizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for conveying ash in a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
1. In the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator, the furnace ash treatment mode is mainly removed by a tail bag-type dust remover, and no method for reducing the furnace ash is adopted in each stage of heating surface. The ash deposition at the bottom of the U-shaped flue is high-temperature ash separated after the flow direction of the flue gas is changed, if an ash discharge device is not arranged, the amount of the ash separated at the position is limited, when the amount of the ash reaches a certain degree, the ash is not further increased, and a large amount of furnace ash exists in the flue gas.
The ash content in the flue gas is large, so that the accumulated ash of the superheater, the economizer and the air preheater is serious, the heat exchange of a heating surface is influenced, the heat efficiency of the boiler is reduced, meanwhile, the fly ash content is large, a large amount of furnace ash is scoured and abraded with the heating surface, so that the superheater, the economizer and the air preheater are seriously abraded, when the pipe wall is abraded to a certain degree, the pipe is easily exploded, and the operation cycle and the economic benefit of the boiler are seriously influenced.
2. At present, the conveying mode of the boiler slag of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is mainly characterized in that the slag discharged by the boiler is cooled by a slag cooler and then is conveyed to a slag warehouse by a belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor is not sealed, so that dust flies in the slag conveying process, the surrounding environment is influenced, and the health of staff is harmed.
In view of this, patent document No. 201811549505.8 discloses an environment-friendly and energy-saving biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler, which cannot realize sealed transportation after mixing slag and furnace dust in a flue, and causes dust to fly in the slag transportation process, resulting in great environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the method for conveying the ash and the slag of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, which has reasonable structural design, can effectively avoid dust hazard, simultaneously reduces the ash accumulation on a heating surface, increases the heat exchange efficiency and reduces the abrasion of the ash and the heating surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the method for conveying the ash of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is used for realizing synchronous conveying of the slag and the ash of the circulating fluidized bed, comprises a slag-discharging flow and an ash-discharging flow, and is characterized in that: the ash conveying method of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is realized by an ash conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler,
the circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying device comprises a circulating fluidized bed boiler, a roller ash cooler, a flue ash hopper, a rotary ash discharge valve, a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor, an ash discharge pipe, a scraper, a superheater, a convection bank, an economizer and a slag warehouse, wherein the roller ash cooler and the flue are both connected with the circulating fluidized bed boiler;
the slag discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: slag after combustion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is discharged to the roller slag cooler through a slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected with the roller slag cooler through a slag discharge pipe of the slag cooler;
the second step is that: the slag enters the roller slag cooler to exchange heat with cooling water in the roller shell, the temperature of the slag is reduced to be lower than the temperature, the slag enters the scraper conveyor, the thickness of a steel plate in a cooling water chamber of the roller slag cooler must be capable of bearing the pressure requirement from the cooling water, and the roller slag cooler is connected with the scraper conveyor through a slag conveying pipe;
the third step: the scraper motor controls the chain plate to rotate, furnace ash moves forwards along with the chain plate after entering the scraper machine, the sealing shell wraps the chain plate to prevent dust from escaping, and the chain plate adjusting device can adjust the tightness of the chain plate to prevent the chain plate from being too tight or too loose;
the furnace ash discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the bottom of the flue is provided with a flue ash hopper, the flue ash hopper comprises an ash hopper body and an ash dropping pipe, and the separated high-temperature ash is accumulated in the ash hopper body;
the second step is that: ash in the flue ash bucket enters the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor through a rotary ash discharge valve, the flue ash bucket is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor through an ash discharge pipe, and the rotary ash discharge valve controls the flow of furnace ash;
the third step: furnace dust enters the scraper conveyor after being cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor, the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor is connected with the scraper conveyor through a dust discharge pipe, and the scraper conveyor conveys the furnace dust to a slag warehouse.
Furthermore, the flue is arranged in a U-shaped structure, an empty flue and a heating surface flue are arranged in the flue, the empty flue is communicated with the heating surface flue, a guide plate is arranged in the heating surface flue, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler and the economizer are respectively connected with the empty flue and the heating surface flue.
Furthermore, the superheater and the convection bank are installed in the heating surface flue, and the guide plate, the superheater and the convection bank are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the flue gas.
Furthermore, the included angle between the upper part of the guide plate and the heating surface flue is alpha, and the included angle between the lower part of the guide plate and the heating surface flue is beta; the alpha is less than or equal to 35 degrees, and the beta is set according to the smoke volume simulation.
Furthermore, the ash bucket body is installed at the bottom of the flue, two ends of the ash falling pipe are respectively connected with the ash bucket body and the water-cooling spiral ash conveying machine, and the rotary ash discharge valve is installed on the ash falling pipe.
The rotary ash discharge valve comprises an ash discharge valve motor, an ash discharge valve rotating shaft, a shifting plate, an ash discharge valve shell and an ash falling port, wherein the ash discharge valve rotating shaft is connected with the ash discharge valve motor; the rotating frequency and the starting and stopping frequency of a rotating shaft of the ash discharge valve can be set according to the size of the flying ash amount by rotating the ash discharge valve to convey ash; the switch plate of the rotary ash discharge valve can be sealed with the ash discharge valve shell when the ash discharge valve rotating shaft rotates, and can block the circulation of smoke in the ash conveying process to prevent the smoke in the flue with the U-shaped structure from being reversely fleed out.
Further, the roller slag cooler comprises an inlet slag falling pipe, a roller shell, a reversing motor, a slag hole and an outlet slag falling pipe, the circulating fluidized bed boiler and the scraper are respectively connected with the inlet slag falling pipe and the outlet slag falling pipe, the reversing motor is used for driving the roller shell to rotate, the inlet slag falling pipe is connected with the roller shell, the roller shell is provided with the slag hole, and the slag hole is connected with the outlet slag falling pipe; the reverse motor drives the roller shell to rotate, the spiral fins are arranged on the inner surface of the roller shell to drive the slag to flow forwards, the roller shell is of a hollow structure, cooling water is arranged inside the roller shell to flow in a circulating mode, and the slag is cooled to a temperature below the temperature.
Furthermore, the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor comprises an ash conveying motor, an ash falling inlet, an ash conveying shell, an ash conveying rotating shaft, an ash falling outlet and a steel frame platform, wherein the flue ash hopper and the ash discharging pipe are respectively connected with the ash falling inlet and the ash falling outlet, the ash falling inlet and the ash falling outlet are both arranged on the ash conveying shell, the ash conveying rotating shaft is arranged in the ash conveying shell, the ash conveying rotating shaft is connected with the ash conveying motor, and the ash conveying motor and the ash conveying shell are both arranged on the steel frame platform; the furnace dust is cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor, the temperature is reduced to be lower than the temperature, the furnace dust is conveyed to the scraper conveyor and conveyed to the slag warehouse by the scraper conveyor, the thickness of a steel plate of a cooling water chamber of the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor can bear the requirement of pressure from cooling water, and the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor has a measure for preventing deformation caused by the water pressure.
Further, scrape trigger and include scraper motor, the sediment pipe that falls, sealed casing, link joint adjusting device and scum pipe, cylinder cold sediment machine and slag storehouse respectively with the sediment pipe that falls with the scum union coupling, the sediment pipe that falls and scum pipe all are connected with sealed casing, the link joint is located sealed casing, the link joint with draw together scraper motor and be connected, link joint adjusting device installs on the link joint.
Furthermore, the flue gas passes through the left flue from top to bottom and then changes direction to pass through the right flue from bottom to top;
the left side of the flue is an empty flue, and a transverse heat exchange surface is not arranged in the empty flue so as to reduce the temperature reduction trend of flue gas in the empty flue and ensure that the unburned flue gas in the hearth is further and completely combusted in the empty flue;
the bottom of the flue is provided with a flue ash hopper for collecting furnace ash;
the right side of the flue is a heating surface flue, wherein a transverse heat exchange device which is respectively a superheater and a convection bank is arranged;
the lower part of the superheater is provided with a guide plate, the direction of the flue gas is changed through the bottom of the flue and collides with the guide plate to form a vortex, the ash content in the flue gas is further separated and falls into the ash discharge hopper body, and the guide plate is designed to prevent ash deposition;
a rotary ash discharge valve is arranged below the flue ash hopper, when a rotating shaft of the ash discharge valve rotates, ash is rotationally stirred and conveyed to an ash falling port below by a stirring plate from top to bottom, the stirring plate is hermetically connected with an ash discharge valve shell, and smoke can be prevented from passing through the rotary ash discharge valve in the rotary ash conveying process;
furnace dust enters a water-cooling spiral dust conveyor through a dust falling port of a rotary dust discharge valve, a dust conveying motor drives a dust conveying rotating shaft to rotate, spiral fins are welded on the surface of the dust conveying rotating shaft, when the dust conveying rotating shaft rotates, the spiral fins convey the dust forwards, the dust enters a scraper conveyor through a dust falling outlet, the dust conveying rotating shaft is of a hollow structure, cooling water circularly flows in the dust conveying rotating shaft, and the temperature of the furnace dust is reduced to be lower than the temperature of the furnace dust;
the scraper motor control link joint rotates, and after the stove ash got into scraper, along with the link joint forward movement, sealed casing is wrapping up the link joint, prevents the dust loss, and the adjustable link joint elasticity of link joint adjusting device prevents the link joint tension or too loose.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the method for conveying the ash in the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the ash in the slag and the ash in the flue are mixed and then are conveyed in a sealing mode, the problems of ash accumulation and abrasion on a heating surface, dust pollution and tail flue gas treatment pressure are effectively reduced, and no dust is generated due to the adoption of sealing conveying in the conveying process. Cooling the slag incinerated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a roller slag cooler and then discharging the cooled slag into a scraper conveyor; the high-temperature furnace ash separated from the flue gas in the flue which is in the U-shaped structure passes through the bottom of the flue and is discharged into the scraper conveyor through the rotary ash discharge valve and the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor, and the high-temperature furnace slag and the high-temperature furnace ash are conveyed to the slag warehouse by the scraper conveyor for comprehensive treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler ash transfer apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an empty flue and a flue ash hopper according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a rotary ash discharge valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view schematic diagram of a rotary ash discharge valve according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a roller slag cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a left side view schematic structural diagram of the roller slag cooler according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a roller slag cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a water-cooled spiral ash conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic front view of the scraper conveyor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic top view of the scraper machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: a circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, a roller slag cooler 2, an empty flue 3, a flue ash hopper 4, a rotary ash discharge valve 5, a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, an ash discharge pipe 7, a scraper 8, a superheater 9, a convection bank 10, an economizer 11, a slag warehouse 12, a slag hopper, a slag cooler, a slag hopper, a rotary ash discharge valve, a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, a slag discharge pipe 7,
An inlet slag falling pipe 21, a roller shell 22, a reverse motor 23, a slag outlet 24, an outlet slag falling pipe 25,
An empty flue 31, a heating surface flue 32, a guide plate 33,
An ash bucket body 41, an ash dropping pipe 42,
A motor 51 of the ash discharge valve, a rotating shaft 52 of the ash discharge valve, a material shifting plate 53, a shell 54 of the ash discharge valve, an ash falling port 55,
An ash conveying motor 61, an ash falling inlet 62, an ash conveying shell 63, an ash conveying rotating shaft 64, an ash falling outlet 65, a steel frame platform 66,
The scraper motor 81, the slag falling pipe 82, the sealing shell 83, the chain plate 84, the chain plate adjusting device 85 and the slag discharging pipe 86.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, it should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching the disclosure of the present specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the ratio relationships, or adjustments of the sizes, should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the functions and the achievable objectives of the present invention. In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" are used for clarity of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying device in the embodiment comprises a circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, a roller ash cooler 2, a flue 3, a flue ash hopper 4, a rotary ash discharge valve 5, a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, an ash discharge pipe 7, a scraper 8, a superheater 9, a convection tube bundle 10, an economizer 11 and a slag storage 12, wherein the roller ash cooler 2 and the flue 3 are both connected with the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, the flue ash hopper 4 is installed at the bottom of the flue 3, the rotary ash discharge valve 5 is installed on a pipeline connecting the flue ash hopper 4 and the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, one end of the ash discharge pipe 7 is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, the other end of the ash discharge pipe 7 and the roller ash cooler 2 are both connected with the scraper 8, the scraper 8 is connected with the slag storage 12, the superheater 9 and the convection tube bundle 10 are both installed in the flue 3, and the flue 3 is connected with the economizer 11.
The flue 3 in this embodiment is arranged in a U-shaped structure, an empty flue 31 and a heating surface flue 32 are arranged in the flue 3, the empty flue 31 is communicated with the heating surface flue 32, a guide plate 33 is arranged in the heating surface flue 32, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the economizer 11 are respectively connected with the empty flue 31 and the heating surface flue 32.
In the embodiment, the superheater 9 and the convection bank 10 are all installed in the heating surface flue 32, the guide plate 33, the superheater 9 and the convection bank 10 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, the included angle between the upper part of the guide plate 33 and the heating surface flue 32 is alpha, the included angle between the lower part of the guide plate 33 and the heating surface flue 32 is beta, alpha is not more than 35 degrees, and beta is set according to the simulation of flue gas amount.
The flue ash hopper 4 in the embodiment comprises an ash hopper body 41 and an ash dropping pipe 42, wherein the ash hopper body 41 is installed at the bottom of the flue 3, two ends of the ash dropping pipe 42 are respectively connected with the ash hopper body 41 and the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6, and the rotary ash discharge valve 5 is installed on the ash dropping pipe 42.
The rotary ash discharge valve 5 in this embodiment includes an ash discharge valve motor 51, an ash discharge valve rotating shaft 52, a material shifting plate 53, an ash discharge valve housing 54 and an ash falling port 55, the ash discharge valve rotating shaft 52 is connected with the ash discharge valve motor 51, the material shifting plate 53 is located in the ash discharge valve housing 54, the material shifting plate 53 is installed on the ash discharge valve rotating shaft 52, and the ash falling port 55 is arranged on the ash discharge valve housing 54.
The roller slag cooler 2 in the embodiment comprises an inlet slag falling pipe 21, a roller shell 22, a reversing motor 23, a slag hole 24 and an outlet slag falling pipe 25, the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the scraper conveyor 8 are respectively connected with the inlet slag falling pipe 21 and the outlet slag falling pipe 25, the reversing motor 23 is used for driving the roller shell 22 to rotate, the inlet slag falling pipe 21 is connected with the roller shell 22, the roller shell 22 is provided with the slag hole 24, and the slag hole 24 is connected with the outlet slag falling pipe 25.
The water-cooling spiral ash conveyor 6 in the embodiment comprises an ash conveying motor 61, an ash falling inlet 62, an ash conveying housing 63, an ash conveying rotating shaft 64, an ash falling outlet 65 and a steel frame platform 66, wherein the flue ash hopper 4 and the ash discharge pipe 7 are respectively connected with the ash falling inlet 62 and the ash falling outlet 65, the ash falling inlet 62 and the ash falling outlet 65 are both arranged on the ash conveying housing 63, the ash conveying rotating shaft 64 is arranged in the ash conveying housing 63, the ash conveying rotating shaft 64 is connected with the ash conveying motor 61, and the ash conveying motor 61 and the ash conveying housing 63 are both arranged on the steel frame platform 66.
The scraper conveyor 8 in this embodiment includes a scraper motor 81, a slag falling pipe 82, a sealed housing 83, a chain plate 84, a chain plate adjusting device 85 and a slag discharging pipe 86, the roller slag cooler 2 and the slag warehouse 12 are respectively connected with the slag falling pipe 82 and the slag discharging pipe 86, both the slag falling pipe 82 and the slag discharging pipe 86 are connected with the sealed housing 83, the chain plate 84 is located in the sealed housing 83, the chain plate 84 is connected with the scraper motor 81, and the chain plate adjusting device 85 is installed on the chain plate 84.
The method for conveying ash and slag of the circulating fluidized bed boiler of the ash and slag conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the embodiment is used for realizing synchronous conveying of slag and ash of the circulating fluidized bed, and comprises a slag-discharging flow and an ash-discharging flow, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the slag discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the slag after the combustion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is discharged to the roller slag cooler 2 through the slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected with the roller slag cooler 2 through a slag discharge pipe of the slag cooler.
The second step is that: the slag enters the roller slag cooler 2 to exchange heat with cooling water in the roller shell 22, the temperature of the slag is reduced to be below 200 ℃, the slag enters the scraper conveyor 8, the thickness of a steel plate in a cooling water chamber of the roller slag cooler 2 can bear the pressure requirement from the cooling water, and the roller slag cooler 2 is connected with the scraper conveyor 8 through a slag conveying pipe.
The roller slag cooler 2 is composed of an inlet slag falling pipe 21, a roller shell 22, a reverse motor 23 and a slag outlet 24, wherein the core outlet slag falling pipe 25 is arranged at a slag outlet, the reverse motor 23 drives the roller shell 22 to rotate, spiral fins are arranged on the inner surface of the roller shell 22 to drive slag to flow forwards, the roller shell 22 is of a hollow structure, cooling water is arranged inside the roller shell for circulating flow, and the slag is cooled to be below 200 ℃.
The third step: the scraper conveyor 8 comprises a scraper motor 81, a slag falling pipe 82, a sealing shell 83, a chain plate 84, a chain plate adjusting device 85 and a slag discharging pipe 86, wherein the scraper motor 81 controls the chain plate 84 to rotate, furnace ash enters the scraper conveyor 8 and then moves forwards along with the chain plate 84, the sealing shell 83 wraps the chain plate to prevent dust from escaping, and the chain plate adjusting device 85 can adjust the tightness of the chain plate 84 to prevent the chain plate 84 from being too tight or too loose.
The furnace ash discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the bottom of the flue 3 is provided with a flue ash hopper 4, the flue ash hopper 4 comprises an ash hopper body 41 and an ash dropping pipe 42, and the separated high-temperature ash is accumulated in the ash hopper body 41.
The second step is that: the ash in the flue ash bucket 4 enters the water-cooling spiral ash conveyer 6 through the rotary ash discharge valve 5, the flue ash bucket 4 is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyer 6 through an ash discharge pipe 42, and the rotary ash discharge valve 5 controls the flow of the furnace ash.
The third step: furnace dust enters the scraper conveyor 8 after being cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor 6, the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor 6 is connected with the scraper conveyor 8 through the dust discharge pipe 7, and the scraper conveyor 8 conveys the furnace dust to the slag warehouse 12.
The furnace dust is cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor 6, the temperature is reduced to be below 200 ℃, the furnace dust is conveyed to the scraper conveyor 8 and conveyed to the slag warehouse 12 by the scraper conveyor 8, the thickness of a steel plate of a cooling water chamber of the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor 6 can bear the requirement from the pressure of cooling water, and the furnace dust cooling device has a measure for preventing deformation caused by the water pressure.
Specifically, the flue 3 in the U-shaped configuration has the following features:
1. the flue gas passes through the left flue 3 from top to bottom and then changes direction to pass through the right flue 3 from bottom to top.
2. The left side of the flue 3 is an empty flue 31, and a transverse heat exchange surface is not arranged in the empty flue 31, so that the temperature decrease trend of the flue gas in the empty flue 31 is reduced, and the unburned flue gas in the hearth is further and completely combusted in the empty flue 31.
3. The bottom of the flue 3 is provided with a flue ash hopper 4 for collecting the furnace ash.
4. The right side of the flue 3 is a heating surface flue 32, in which a transverse heat exchange device, namely a superheater 9 and a convection bank 10, is arranged.
5. The guide plate 33 is arranged on the lower portion of the superheater 9, flue gas changes direction through the bottom of the flue 3 and collides with the guide plate 33 to form a vortex, ash in the flue gas is further separated and falls into the lower ash hopper body 41, the guide plate 33 is designed to prevent ash deposition, specifically, alpha is not more than 35 degrees, and beta is set according to flue gas volume simulation.
6. The rotary ash discharging valve 5 is installed below the flue ash hopper 4, the rotary ash discharging valve 5 is composed of an ash discharging valve motor 51, an ash discharging valve rotating shaft 52, a material shifting plate 53, an ash discharging valve shell 54 and an ash falling port 55, the ash falling ports 55 are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the ash discharging valve shell 54, when the ash discharging valve rotating shaft 52 rotates, ash is rotationally shifted to the ash falling port 55 in the lower portion from the upper portion to the lower portion by the material shifting plate 53, the material shifting plate 53 is connected with the ash discharging valve shell 54 in a sealing mode, and in the rotary ash conveying process, smoke can be prevented from passing through the rotary ash discharging valve 5.
7. The furnace ash enters the water-cooling spiral ash conveyer 6 through an ash falling port 55 of the rotary ash discharge valve 5, the water-cooling spiral ash conveyer 6 is composed of an ash conveying motor 61, an ash falling inlet 62, an ash conveying shell 63, an ash conveying rotating shaft 64, an ash falling outlet 65 and a steel frame platform 66, the ash conveying motor 61 drives the ash conveying rotating shaft 64 to rotate, spiral fins are welded on the surface of the ash conveying rotating shaft 64, when the ash conveying rotating shaft 64 rotates, ash is conveyed forwards by the spiral fins and enters the scraper 8 through the ash falling outlet 65, the ash conveying rotating shaft 64 is of a hollow structure, cooling water flows in the ash conveying rotating shaft in a circulating mode, and the temperature of the furnace ash is reduced to be below 200 ℃.
8. The scraper conveyor 8 comprises a scraper motor 81, a slag falling pipe 82, a sealing shell 83, a chain plate 84, a chain plate adjusting device 85 and a slag discharging pipe 86, wherein the scraper motor 81 controls the chain plate 84 to rotate, furnace ash enters the scraper conveyor 8 and then moves forwards along with the chain plate 84, the sealing shell 83 wraps the chain plate 84 to prevent dust from escaping, and the chain plate adjusting device 85 can adjust the tightness of the chain plate 84 to prevent the chain plate 84 from being too tight or too loose.
The rotary ash discharge valve 5 has the following characteristics:
1. the rotating frequency and the starting and stopping frequency of the rotating shaft 52 of the ash discharge valve can be set according to the size of the flying ash quantity when the rotating ash discharge valve 5 is used for ash conveying.
2. The material shifting plate 53 of the rotary ash discharge valve 5 can be sealed with the ash discharge valve shell 54 when the ash discharge valve rotating shaft 52 rotates, so that the smoke circulation can be blocked in the ash conveying process, and the smoke in the flue 3 which is arranged in a U-shaped structure is prevented from being blown out reversely.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for conveying ash in a circulating fluidized bed boiler is used for realizing synchronous conveying of slag and ash in the circulating fluidized bed, and comprises a slag-discharging flow and an ash-discharging flow, and is characterized in that: the ash conveying method of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is realized by an ash conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler,
the ash conveying device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a circulating fluidized bed boiler (1), a roller ash cooler (2), a flue (3), a flue ash hopper (4), a rotary ash discharge valve (5), a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6), an ash discharge pipe (7), a scraper (8), a superheater (9), a convection bank (10), an economizer (11) and a slag warehouse (12), wherein the roller ash cooler (2) and the flue (3) are both connected with the circulating fluidized bed boiler (1), the flue ash hopper (4) is arranged at the bottom of the flue (3), the rotary ash discharge valve (5) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the flue ash hopper (4) and the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6), one end of the ash discharge pipe (7) is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6), and the other end of the ash discharge pipe (7) and the roller ash cooler (2) are both connected with the scraper (8), the scraper conveyor (8) is connected with a slag warehouse (12), the superheater (9) and the convection bank (10) are both arranged in a flue (3), and the flue (3) is connected with an economizer (11);
the slag discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: slag after combustion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler (1) is discharged to the roller slag cooler (2) through a slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected with the roller slag cooler (2) through a slag discharge pipe of the slag cooler;
the second step is that: slag enters the roller slag cooler (2) to exchange heat with cooling water in the roller shell (22) so as to reduce the temperature of the slag to below 200 ℃, and then enters the scraper (8), the thickness of a steel plate in a cooling water chamber of the roller slag cooler (2) must bear the pressure requirement from the cooling water, and the roller slag cooler (2) is connected with the scraper (8) through a slag conveying pipe;
the third step: the scraper motor (81) controls the chain plate (84) to rotate, after furnace ash enters the scraper machine (8), the furnace ash moves forwards along with the chain plate (84), the sealing shell (83) wraps the chain plate to prevent dust from escaping, and the chain plate adjusting device (85) can adjust the tightness of the chain plate (84) to prevent the chain plate (84) from being too tight or too loose;
the furnace ash discharging process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the bottom of the flue (3) is provided with a flue ash hopper (4), the flue ash hopper (4) comprises an ash hopper body (41) and an ash dropping pipe (42), and the separated high-temperature ash is accumulated in the ash hopper body (41);
the second step is that: ash in the flue ash bucket (4) enters a water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6) through a rotary ash discharge valve (5), the flue ash bucket (4) is connected with the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6) through an ash discharge pipe (42), and the rotary ash discharge valve (5) controls the flow of furnace ash;
the third step: furnace dust enters the scraper conveyor (8) after being cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor (6), the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor (6) is connected with the scraper conveyor (8) through a dust discharge pipe (7), and the scraper conveyor (8) conveys the furnace dust to the slag warehouse (12).
2. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circulating fluidized bed boiler is characterized in that the flue (3) is of a U-shaped structure, an empty flue (31) and a heating surface flue (32) are arranged in the flue (3), the empty flue (31) is communicated with the heating surface flue (32), a guide plate (33) is arranged in the heating surface flue (32), and the circulating fluidized bed boiler (1) and the economizer (11) are respectively connected with the empty flue (31) and the heating surface flue (32).
3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the superheater (9) and the convection bank (10) are both installed in the heating surface flue (32), and the guide plate (33), the superheater (9) and the convection bank (10) are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas.
4. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 2, characterized in that: an included angle between the upper part of the guide plate (33) and the heating surface flue (32) is alpha, and an included angle between the lower part of the guide plate (33) and the heating surface flue (32) is beta; the alpha is less than or equal to 35 degrees, and the beta is set according to the smoke volume simulation.
5. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ash bucket body (41) is installed at the bottom of the flue (3), two ends of the ash falling pipe (42) are respectively connected with the ash bucket body (41) and the water-cooling spiral ash conveying machine (6), and the rotary ash discharge valve (5) is installed on the ash falling pipe (42).
6. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary ash discharge valve (5) comprises an ash discharge valve motor (51), an ash discharge valve rotating shaft (52), a material shifting plate (53), an ash discharge valve shell (54) and an ash falling port (55), wherein the ash discharge valve rotating shaft (52) is connected with the ash discharge valve motor (51), the material shifting plate (53) is positioned in the ash discharge valve shell (54), the material shifting plate (53) is installed on the ash discharge valve rotating shaft (52), and the ash falling port (55) is arranged on the ash discharge valve shell (54); the ash conveying of the rotary ash discharge valve (5) can set the rotating frequency and the starting and stopping frequency of the rotating shaft (52) of the ash discharge valve according to the size of the flying ash amount; the switch plate (53) of the rotary ash discharge valve (5) can realize sealing with the ash discharge valve shell (54) when the ash discharge valve rotating shaft (52) rotates, can block the circulation of flue gas in the ash conveying process, and prevents the flue gas in the flue (3) which is arranged in a U-shaped structure from flowing back.
7. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roller slag cooler (2) comprises an inlet slag falling pipe (21), a roller shell (22), a reversing motor (23), a slag hole (24) and an outlet slag falling pipe (25), the circulating fluidized bed boiler (1) and the scraper conveyor (8) are respectively connected with the inlet slag falling pipe (21) and the outlet slag falling pipe (25), the reversing motor (23) is used for driving the roller shell (22) to rotate, the inlet slag falling pipe (21) is connected with the roller shell (22), the roller shell (22) is provided with the slag hole (24), and the slag hole (24) is connected with the outlet slag falling pipe (25); the reversing motor (23) drives the roller shell (22) to rotate, the spiral fins are arranged on the inner surface of the roller shell (22) to drive slag to flow forwards, the roller shell (22) is of a hollow structure, cooling water is arranged in the roller shell to flow in a circulating mode, and the temperature of the slag is reduced to be below 200 ℃.
8. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-cooling spiral ash conveyor (6) comprises an ash conveying motor (61), an ash falling inlet (62), an ash conveying shell (63), an ash conveying rotating shaft (64), an ash falling outlet (65) and a steel frame platform (66), wherein a flue ash hopper (4) and an ash discharging pipe (7) are respectively connected with the ash falling inlet (62) and the ash falling outlet (65), the ash falling inlet (62) and the ash falling outlet (65) are both arranged on the ash conveying shell (63), the ash conveying rotating shaft (64) is arranged in the ash conveying shell (63), the ash conveying rotating shaft (64) is connected with the ash conveying motor (61), and the ash conveying motor (61) and the ash conveying shell (63) are both arranged on the steel frame platform (66); the furnace dust is cooled by the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor (6), the temperature is reduced to be below 200 ℃, the furnace dust is conveyed to the scraper conveyor (8), the furnace dust is conveyed to the slag warehouse (12) by the scraper conveyor (8), the thickness of a steel plate of a cooling water chamber of the water-cooling spiral dust conveyor (6) must bear the requirement of pressure from cooling water, and the furnace dust cooling device has a measure for preventing deformation caused by the water pressure.
9. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: scraper blade machine (8) include scraper blade motor (81), slag pipe (82), sealed shell (83), link joint (84), link joint adjusting device (85) and scum pipe (86) fall, cold sediment machine of cylinder (2) and slag storehouse (12) are connected with slag pipe (82) and scum pipe (86) respectively, slag pipe (82) and scum pipe (86) all are connected with sealed shell (83) fall, link joint (84) are located sealed shell (83), link joint (84) with draw together scraper blade motor (81) and be connected, link joint adjusting device (85) are installed on link joint (84).
10. The circulating fluidized bed boiler ash conveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flue gas passes through the left flue (3) from top to bottom and then changes the direction to pass through the right flue (3) from bottom to top;
the left side of the flue (3) is an empty flue (31), and a transverse heat exchange surface is not arranged in the empty flue (31) so as to reduce the descending trend of the temperature of the flue gas in the empty flue (31) and ensure that the unburned flue gas in the hearth is further and completely combusted in the empty flue (31);
a flue ash hopper (4) is arranged at the bottom of the flue (3) and used for collecting furnace ash;
the right side of the flue (3) is provided with a heating surface flue (32), wherein a transverse heat exchange device which is respectively a superheater (9) and a convection bank (10) is arranged;
a guide plate (33) is arranged at the lower part of the superheater (9), the direction of the flue gas is changed through the bottom of the flue (3) and collides with the guide plate (33) to form a vortex, the ash content in the flue gas is further separated and falls into the ash falling bucket body (41), and the guide plate (33) is designed to prevent ash deposition;
a rotary ash discharge valve (5) is arranged below the flue ash hopper (4), when a rotating shaft (52) of the ash discharge valve rotates, ash is rotationally conveyed to an ash discharge port (55) below by a material shifting plate (53) from top to bottom, the material shifting plate (53) is in sealed connection with an ash discharge valve shell (54), and smoke can be prevented from passing through the rotary ash discharge valve (5) in the rotary ash conveying process;
furnace ash enters a water-cooling spiral ash conveying machine (6) through an ash falling port (55) of a rotary ash discharge valve (5), an ash conveying motor (61) drives an ash conveying rotating shaft (64) to rotate, spiral fins are welded on the surface of the ash conveying rotating shaft (64), when the ash conveying rotating shaft (64) rotates, ash is conveyed forwards by the spiral fins and enters a scraper conveyor (8) through an ash falling port (65), the ash conveying rotating shaft (64) is of a hollow structure, cooling water flows in the ash conveying rotating shaft in a circulating mode, and the temperature of the furnace ash is reduced to be below 200 ℃;
the scraper motor (81) controls the chain plate (84) to rotate, after furnace ash enters the scraper machine (8), the furnace ash moves forwards along with the chain plate (84), the sealing shell (83) wraps the chain plate (84) to prevent dust from escaping, and the chain plate adjusting device (85) can adjust the tightness of the chain plate (84) to prevent the chain plate (84) from being too tight or too loose.
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| CN202010978717.9A CN112283700A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Method for conveying ash in circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN202010978717.9A CN112283700A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Method for conveying ash in circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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Application publication date: 20210129 |