CN112282642A - Impact voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving mechanical drilling speed of hard formation - Google Patents
Impact voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving mechanical drilling speed of hard formation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112282642A CN112282642A CN202011403852.7A CN202011403852A CN112282642A CN 112282642 A CN112282642 A CN 112282642A CN 202011403852 A CN202011403852 A CN 202011403852A CN 112282642 A CN112282642 A CN 112282642A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- electrode
- electrode holder
- drilling
- bit
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rock breaking drill bit for improving the mechanical drilling speed of a hard formation by using impact voltage. The problems that an existing drill bit is low in drilling efficiency, large in drill bit abrasion and high in drilling cost are mainly solved. The method is characterized in that: the drill bit casing (3) inside upper end is equipped with insulating bearing (1) of righting, and the lower extreme is connected with spring housing (7), is connected with electrode holder (4) on spring housing (7), be connected with low voltage grounding electrode (8) and high-pressure center electrode (9) on electrode holder (4), and be connected with coaxial cable (2) on electrode holder (4), the coaxial cable upper end links to each other with insulating bearing (1) of righting. The impulse voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving the mechanical drilling speed in the hard stratum can be used for impulse voltage discharge rock breaking construction, is high in drilling efficiency, low in cost and not easy to wear, and is suitable for drilling various wells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to an impulse voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving the mechanical drilling speed of a hard stratum.
Background
Drilling deep hard rock formations remains a major challenge in drilling technology, and the major problems are high bit wear and low rate of penetration. When the existing drill bit is used for drilling in deep wells, ultra-deep wells and hard strata such as hot dry rocks, the drilling speed range is 1-2 m/h, the drilling efficiency is low, the drill bit is greatly abraded, the service life of a tool is about 50-60 h, and the drilling cost is high.
The rock breaking by impact voltage discharge is a newly developed rock breaking technology in recent years, and the technology utilizes the mechanical effect of impact waves, jet flows or plasma channels generated by the impact voltage discharge to enable the rock to generate cracks until the rock is broken, and has the characteristics of controllable energy, no pollution, no flying rocks and the like. The impact voltage rock breaking drilling has the advantages of high rock breaking efficiency, good well wall quality and the like, is a novel rock breaking mode with great potential, and has better drilling effect in hard rock drilling with large electrical property difference. But the current drill bit can not be used for rock breaking construction by impact voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of low drilling efficiency, large drill abrasion and high drilling cost of the existing drill, the invention provides the impulse voltage rock breaking drill for improving the mechanical drilling speed of the hard formation, the impulse voltage rock breaking drill for improving the mechanical drilling speed of the hard formation can be used for the impulse voltage discharge rock breaking construction, the drilling efficiency is high, the cost is low, the drill is not easy to abrade, and the impulse voltage rock breaking drill is suitable for drilling various wells.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a broken rock drill bit of impulse voltage for hard formation improves mechanical drilling speed, includes the drill bit casing, the inside upper end of drill bit casing is equipped with insulating bearing of righting, and the lower extreme is connected with the spring housing, is connected with the electrode holder on the spring housing, be connected with low voltage telluric electricity field and high-voltage center electrode on the electrode holder, and be connected with coaxial cable on the electrode holder, the coaxial cable upper end links to each other with insulating bearing of righting.
And a stabilizing spring is arranged between the electrode holder and the insulating righting bearing, and an electrode protection shell is arranged at the front end of the electrode holder.
The drill bit shell is axially provided with a plurality of water holes, and the front ends of the water holes are fixedly provided with water hole nozzles.
Gauge protection teeth are fixed on the outer wall of the drill bit shell, and cutting teeth are fixed on the periphery of the front end of the drill bit shell.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: due to the adoption of the scheme, the drill bit is based on a continuous impact voltage-mechanical composite drilling method: the rock breaking principle adopts an impulse voltage rock breaking method, the main power for breaking the rock is an electrode to transmit impulse voltage, and the rock is electrically broken; when the temperature of the rock rapidly rises after absorbing the energy of the electric pulse, pores in the rock instantaneously expand, and the rock is broken when the stress exceeds the strength of the rock. The mechanical rotary drilling motion plays a role in assisting in rock breaking. The method combines the impulse voltage drilling with the underground power drilling tool, has high drilling efficiency and low cost, ensures that the drill bit is not easy to wear, is suitable for drilling various wells (vertical wells, directional wells and the like), and better accords with the development trend of petroleum drilling.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-an insulating centralizing bearing, 2-a coaxial cable, 3-a drill bit shell, 4-an electrode holder, 5-a water eye nozzle, 6-a stabilizing spring, 7-a spring sleeve, 8-a low-voltage grounding electrode, 9-a high-voltage central electrode, 10-an electrode protecting shell, 11-a cutting tooth and 12-a gauge tooth.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
shown by figure 1, a broken rock drill bit of impulse voltage for hard formation improves mechanical drilling speed, including drill bit housing 3, drill bit housing 3 is PDC (PDC is polycrystalline diamond compact) material, 3 inside upper ends of drill bit housing are equipped with insulating bearing 1 of rightting, and the lower extreme is connected with spring housing 7, is equipped with the jump ring between spring housing 7 and the drill bit housing 3, restriction spring housing 7 downstream. The spring sleeve 7 is connected with an electrode holder 4, the center of the front end of the electrode holder 4 is connected with a high-voltage central electrode 9, the periphery of the electrode holder 4 is connected with a low-voltage grounding electrode 8, the electrode holder 4 is connected with a coaxial cable 2, a circuit connected with the high-voltage central electrode 9, the low-voltage grounding electrode 8 and the coaxial cable 2 is arranged in the electrode holder 4, and the surface of the electrode holder is protected by insulation, seepage prevention and wear resistance. The upper end of the coaxial cable is connected with the insulation righting bearing 1 through a positioning key. Insulating bearing 1 and the 3 interference fit of drill bit casing of righting, be equipped with stabilizing spring 6 between electrode holder 4 and the insulating bearing 1 of righting, electrode holder 4 front end is equipped with electrode protection shell 10.
The drill bit shell 3 is axially provided with a plurality of water holes, and the front ends of the water holes are fixedly provided with water hole nozzles 5. A plurality of gauge protection teeth 12 are fixed on the outer wall of the drill bit shell 3, and a plurality of PDC cutting teeth 11 are dispersedly arranged on the curved surface of the front end of the drill bit shell 3. The electrode seat 4 can be pushed out forwards under the action of the elastic force of the stabilizing spring 6, so that the high-voltage central electrode 9 and the low-voltage grounding electrode 8 are always positioned at the front end of the cutting teeth 11 in the drilling direction. When the PDC drill bit rotates and moves downward, the PDC cutter 11 breaks and crushes the construction rock; the slurry flows out from the water hole nozzle 5 to provide a liquid medium environment for the low-voltage grounding electrode 8 and the high-voltage central electrode 9 to release impact voltage.
The upper end of the rock breaking drill bit for the impact voltage is connected with a sleeve for transmitting high-voltage electricity and drilling mud through threads, when the drill bit is close to a construction stratum rock, a mud pump is started, the mud in flowing circulation drives an underground power generation assembly to generate electric energy, the electric energy frequency conversion boosting energy storage assembly generates continuous stable high-voltage electricity, the electric pulse is transmitted to the drill bit through a servo control switch, an electrode on the drill bit is in contact with the construction stratum rock, the impact voltage generates instantaneous high temperature and stress waves in the rock, and the rock is damaged. And starting a rotary table of the drilling machine or a top drive device to drive the whole drilling tool assembly, so that the PDC cutting teeth on the drill bit contact damaged rocks, and the damaged rocks are further crushed.
Claims (4)
1. A kind of impact voltage rock breaking bit used for hard formation to improve the mechanical drilling speed, including the bit shell (3), its characteristic lies in: the drill bit casing (3) inside upper end is equipped with insulating bearing (1) of righting, and the lower extreme is connected with spring housing (7), is connected with electrode holder (4) on spring housing (7), be connected with low voltage grounding electrode (8) and high-pressure center electrode (9) on electrode holder (4), and be connected with coaxial cable (2) on electrode holder (4), coaxial cable (2) upper end links to each other with insulating bearing (1) of righting.
2. The bit according to claim 1, wherein the bit comprises: a stabilizing spring (6) is arranged between the electrode holder (4) and the insulating righting bearing (1), and an electrode protection shell (10) is arranged at the front end of the electrode holder (4).
3. The bit according to claim 2, wherein the bit comprises: the drill bit shell (3) is axially provided with a plurality of water holes, and the front ends of the water holes are fixedly provided with water hole nozzles (5).
4. The bit according to claim 3, wherein the bit comprises: gauge protection teeth (12) are fixed on the outer wall of the drill bit shell (3), and cutting teeth (11) are fixed on the periphery of the front end of the drill bit shell (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011403852.7A CN112282642A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | Impact voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving mechanical drilling speed of hard formation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011403852.7A CN112282642A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | Impact voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving mechanical drilling speed of hard formation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112282642A true CN112282642A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
Family
ID=74426337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011403852.7A Pending CN112282642A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | Impact voltage rock breaking drill bit for improving mechanical drilling speed of hard formation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112282642A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106703682A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-05-24 | 吉林大学 | Plasma hydraulic power rotary drilling tool |
| CN108222838A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Electric pulse rock breaking drill bit and experimental device thereof |
| CN108222839A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multi-electrode electric crushing drill bit and electric crushing experimental device |
| US20190040685A1 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-02-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bit for downhole electrocrushing drilling |
| CN109577864A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-04-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of continuous pipe high electric field pulse-machinery combined drilling electrode drill bit |
| CN111119739A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-08 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | High-voltage pulse drill bit and rock breaking experimental device |
-
2020
- 2020-12-02 CN CN202011403852.7A patent/CN112282642A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190040685A1 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-02-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bit for downhole electrocrushing drilling |
| CN106703682A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-05-24 | 吉林大学 | Plasma hydraulic power rotary drilling tool |
| CN108222838A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Electric pulse rock breaking drill bit and experimental device thereof |
| CN108222839A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multi-electrode electric crushing drill bit and electric crushing experimental device |
| CN109577864A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-04-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of continuous pipe high electric field pulse-machinery combined drilling electrode drill bit |
| CN111119739A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-08 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | High-voltage pulse drill bit and rock breaking experimental device |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210129 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |