CN112281911A - Novel ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Novel ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281911A CN112281911A CN202011140427.3A CN202011140427A CN112281911A CN 112281911 A CN112281911 A CN 112281911A CN 202011140427 A CN202011140427 A CN 202011140427A CN 112281911 A CN112281911 A CN 112281911A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/066—Quays
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/16—Foundations formed of separate piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
- E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0084—Geogrids
Abstract
The invention relates to a novel ecological block retaining wall and a construction method thereof, wherein the novel ecological block retaining wall comprises a foundation and a pile foundation arranged at the lower part of the foundation, wherein a gravel sand-filling layer is arranged at the upper part of the foundation, a ground beam is arranged at the upper part of the gravel sand-filling layer, a bottom block is arranged at the upper part of the ground beam, a plurality of main ecological blocks are stacked and laid at the upper part of the bottom block, a top block is arranged at the top of each main ecological block, and a concrete capping layer is arranged at the top of each top; the main ecological block comprises a convex block arranged on the uppermost part, a top block connected to the lower part of the convex block, and a first side wall and a second side wall which are arranged on two sides of the top block, wherein a first groove is formed among the first side wall, the second side wall and the top block, and the bottoms of the first side wall and the second side wall are respectively provided with a third side wall and a fourth side wall; the invention has strong practicability and very simple operation, and can improve flood control and waterlogging drainage capability, improve landscaping effect and enhance ecological protection function while ensuring simple and convenient construction and saving cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel ecological block retaining wall and a construction method thereof, which are applied to the field of river bank protection building construction.
Background
In the barricade bank protection project of river course renovation engineering, river course bank protection barricade majority adopts rubble stone building block or traditional concrete block under the general condition, because block structure's limitation, the barricade has only played flood control and prevented the effect of soil erosion and water loss in the use, constantly strengthen at present environmental protection consciousness, under the background of enterprise's green construction wideling popularize, can not satisfy the function that keeps afforestation view and ecological protection, the opposite side has led to the fact certain destruction to ecological environment, and traditional building block expense is higher when the construction, the durability is poor, local destruction will lead to bigger destruction, the later maintenance is frequent, in addition itself do not have the water permeability and be difficult to plant the grass, influence city river course view.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel ecological block retaining wall and a construction method thereof, which can improve flood control and waterlogging drainage capabilities, improve landscaping effects and enhance ecological protection functions while ensuring simple construction and cost saving.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a novel ecological block retaining wall and a construction method thereof comprise a foundation and a pile foundation arranged at the lower part of the foundation, wherein a gravel sand-filling layer is arranged at the upper part of the foundation, a ground beam is arranged at the upper part of the gravel sand-filling layer, bottom blocks are arranged at the upper part of the ground beam, a plurality of main body ecological blocks are stacked and laid at the upper part of the bottom blocks, top blocks are arranged at the tops of the main body ecological blocks, and concrete top-pressing layers are arranged at the tops of the top blocks; the ecological building block of main part is including setting up at the lug on top, connecting the kicking block in the lug lower part, setting up first lateral wall and the second lateral wall in the kicking block both sides, forms first recess between first lateral wall, second lateral wall and the kicking block, the bottom of first lateral wall and second lateral wall is provided with third lateral wall and fourth lateral wall respectively, forms the second recess between third lateral wall and the fourth lateral wall.
The bottom building block is of a rectangular structure, the top surface of the bottom building block is integrally connected with a fixture block, the fixture block is perpendicular to the top surface of the bottom building block, and the fixture block is fixed on a central axis of the top surface of the bottom building block.
The lug in the ecological building block of main part is fixed to be set up on the axis of kicking block top face, and the lug is personally submitted vertical structure with the top of kicking block and is connected, and the lug is isometric with the kicking block, and the end of lug outwards extends from the kicking block in one end, and the both sides of kicking block bottom face are fixedly connected with first lateral wall and second lateral wall respectively, and first lateral wall and second lateral wall structure are the same and are symmetrical structure setting, and first lateral wall, second lateral wall and kicking block are isometric, and first lateral wall, second lateral wall and kicking block form "n" style of calligraphy structure jointly, and the space between first lateral wall and the second lateral wall is first recess.
The bottom of first lateral wall and second lateral wall is connected with third lateral wall and fourth lateral wall respectively, the top of third lateral wall and fourth lateral wall respectively with the bottom face fixed connection of first lateral wall and second lateral wall, third lateral wall and fourth lateral wall structure the same and be symmetrical structure setting, the length of third lateral wall and fourth lateral wall is less than the length of first lateral wall and second lateral wall.
And a gap between the third side wall and the fourth side wall is a second groove, and the height of the second groove is greater than that of the bump.
The top building block is of an n-shaped structure, and the bottom of the top building block is provided with a clamping groove matched with the convex block.
A construction method of a novel ecological block retaining wall comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: measuring lofting, and controlling the plane position of the bottom of the retaining wall according to coordinate lofting provided by a drawing; introducing the leveling points to different positions where river channel construction is relatively fixed by using a leveling instrument, setting temporary leveling points, and controlling elevation in measurement;
s2: foundation treatment and stone throwing and silt squeezing: the first layer is a throwing filling layer which can bear large-scale construction machinery, if the rock blocks do not settle obviously, the rock blocks can extend forwards for the next section of construction, and if the settling amount is large, a layer of rock blocks needs to be thrown again for rolling until the rock blocks do not settle obviously; selecting a loose wood pile for soft foundation treatment at a thick sludge place of a pile foundation, driving loose wood into a designed pile top elevation according to a designed interval and size by using a pile driver, carrying out layered rolling backfill on the loose wood pile top by 20cm of broken stone and sand filling to a designed foundation bottom elevation, namely, a broken stone and sand filling layer, building M7.5 grouted block stones with the width of 1.0M and the height of 0.6M, and carrying out the next process after the bearing capacity of the foundation meets the design requirement; selecting to drive a steel pipe concrete pile under the condition that the sludge is too thick and the driven loose wood pile cannot meet the requirement, driving steel pipes into the designed pile top elevation according to the designed interval and size by using a pile driver, and then pouring concrete into the steel pipe pile to ensure that the foundation meets the design requirement and the standard bearing capacity;
s3: pouring a foundation ground beam: performing foundation lofting according to the design requirements of a drawing, installing a template, and pouring a C25 plain concrete cushion layer as a ground beam;
s4: constructing a bottom building block: mounting and lofting according to drawing requirements, respectively paving 1-3 cm of M7.5 dry-mixed mortar at the beginning and the end of a concrete ground beam of a section to be constructed, mounting bottom building blocks in a correct direction, setting nodes on the section to be constructed, mounting the bottom building blocks, pulling a horizontal line between the adjacent bottom building blocks to control the elevation in the section, and simultaneously finding the front and the rear of a flat bottom building block by using a horizontal ruler to ensure that the bottom building blocks meet the requirement of the designed elevation, wherein the adjacent bottom building blocks are closely arranged, and the back surfaces are aligned without gaps and dislocation; simultaneously pointing the vertical joint by using mortar;
s5: constructing main ecological blocks: the construction of the upper main body ecological block can be carried out after the bottom block is constructed for 1 to 3 days, the main body ecological block is stably placed on the bottom block, the construction control error is controlled to be +/-10 mm, the third side wall and the fourth side wall of the upper main body ecological block are positioned at two sides of the top surface of the lower main body ecological block when the building is carried out upwards, the third side wall and the fourth side wall of the upper main body ecological block are positioned at the joint of two adjacent main body ecological blocks of the next layer, the second groove of each layer of main body ecological block is clamped with the lug of the mounted main body ecological block below the groove, the ecological holes are formed in the gap between the lower lug and the first side wall of the upper layer, the ecological holes of each layer are mutually communicated, the vertical edge of the outer front edge of each layer of main body ecological block is used as a detection reference when each layer of main body ecological block is built, the overall line type and inclination of the outer contour are, if the dislocation occurs in the installation process, M7.5 mortar can be used as a support pad for adjustment; in order to avoid cracking of the retaining wall body caused by uneven settlement, setting a settlement joint every 20 m;
s6, earth backfilling and compacting: when the building strength of the main ecological building block reaches 70 percent of the design strength, qualified sandy soil is backfilled in a filling layer according to the thickness of each layer of 30cm, and the distance between a dump truck for transporting soil and an excavator serving as a paving machine and the back of a wall is larger than 1.5m when the dump truck and the excavator work, so that the influence on the installed building block is prevented; the backfill is compacted by a large road roller or an excavator when the distance between the backfill and the back of the retaining wall is beyond 1m, the backfill within the range of 1m is compacted by a small hand-held double-roller road roller, the compaction is carried out in real time in a direction from outside to inside and parallel to the retaining wall, the filler within the width range of each roller is tamped back and forth for at least two times, so that the compactness of the backfill meets the design requirement, and the compacted height of the backfill is flush with or slightly lower than the surface to be installed, so that the construction of the next process is facilitated; in a straight line section, firstly laying geotextile in a direction parallel to a wall surface, additionally arranging geogrids above the geotextile for reinforcement, connecting the geogrids in sections to form a whole, binding and knotting two adjacent geogrids after mutually overlapping for 20cm by using a binding belt, fixing the geogrids in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface at intervals of 1m by using U-shaped nails, inevitably generating vacancies when laying the geogrids at a turning part, additionally laying and cutting the geogrids at the vacancies, and ensuring the superposition length so that the geogrids can be fully paved on the whole working surface, thereby ensuring the internal stability of the ecological retaining wall, and avoiding the internal instability caused by the fact that the internal stress of the ecological retaining wall system cannot be uniformly dispersed, the geogrids crack and the external arch of the turning part wall body;
s7: continuing the construction of the main ecological building block, backfilling and compacting the soil filling layer, after reaching the design elevation, starting to lay the geogrid, cutting the geogrid according to the length required by the design, and leaving the transverse ribs of the cut geogrid so that the anchor clamping structure formed by the side and the main ecological building block is firmer; before laying, one side of the transverse rib head is flatly laid on the main body ecological building blocks, a layer of building blocks is arranged, the geogrid is smoothly pressed and fixed between the upper layer of main body ecological building blocks and the lower layer of main body ecological building blocks, meanwhile, stay wires are used for assisting construction, and the outline linetype is adjusted and controlled in time, so that accumulated errors generated during building are eliminated; when the height of the ecological block retaining wall reaches 1.5m, a special guiding rule is used for detecting and correcting once, and then correction is needed once when the height rises by 1.5 m; repeating the construction of the steps 5, 6 and 7, and arranging the main ecological building blocks in staggered joints;
s8: and (3) top building block construction: the construction method of the top building block is the same as that of the bottom building block and the main ecological building block, the stay wire assists in construction, the top building block needs to be leveled by a horizontal ruler, the adjacent top building blocks need to be bonded by mortar, and the gap leaking outside needs to be caulked by M7.5 mortar;
s9: and (3) pouring the concrete top layer, mounting a template on the top building block, and pouring C25 plain concrete.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the wall body structure is used, the wall body structure is composed of the top building blocks, the main body ecological building blocks and the bottom building blocks, compared with the traditional building blocks, the main body ecological building blocks with the same height can be built, construction materials can be greatly saved, the construction cost is effectively reduced, the first grooves, the second grooves and the ecological holes are communicated internally and externally, the cost is saved, and the ecological concept is met.
2. The first groove, the second groove and the ecological holes provided by the invention can be filled with graded broken stones, the broken stone soil or loam is backfilled at the part above the normal water level, a favorable growing environment is provided for greening vegetation such as aquatic and terrestrial life, the filled stones and the graded broken stones also play roles in stabilizing the connection of the upper and lower layer main ecological blocks, the sliding among the main ecological blocks is reduced, the weight is increased, the stabilizing effect of a side slope is improved, green plants and landscapes can be planted, the ecological holes are communicated, the geogrid is paved at the soil back side, and the flood control and drainage capabilities are stronger.
3. The novel ecological block retaining wall provided by the invention embodies the concepts of ecology, environmental protection and greening, not only meets the flood control and drainage safety and the use safety of river bank protection, but also promotes the reconstruction of aquatic plants and terrestrial plants, the improvement of river bank lines and the restoration of catchment area vegetation, constructs a good ecological system, improves the bearing capacity of water environment, and has very high economic value and practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic end view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic end face structure view of the top block, the main ecological block and the bottom block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the main ecological block of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures denote:
1. an ecological bank protection layer; 2. pressing the top layer with concrete; 3. a top block; 31. a card slot; 4. a geogrid; 5. filling a soil layer; 6. a main body ecological building block; 61. a bump; 62. a top block; 63. a first side wall; 64. a first groove; 65. a second side wall; 66. a third side wall; 67. a second groove; 68. a fourth side wall; 601. an ecological hole; 7. geotextile; 8. a bottom block; 81. a clamping block; 9. a ground beam; 10. gravel and sand filling layer; 11. a foundation; 12. pile foundation.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the novel ecological block retaining wall comprises a foundation 11 and a pile foundation 12 arranged at the lower part of the foundation 11, wherein a gravel sand-filling layer 10 is arranged at the upper part of the foundation 11, a ground beam 9 is arranged at the upper part of the gravel sand-filling layer 10, a bottom block 8 is arranged at the upper part of the ground beam 9, a plurality of main ecological blocks 6 are stacked and laid at the upper part of the bottom block 8, a top block 3 is arranged at the top of each main ecological block 6, and a concrete capping layer 2 is arranged at the top of each top block 3; the main ecological block 6 comprises a convex block 61 arranged at the uppermost part, a top block 62 connected at the lower part of the convex block 61, a first side wall 63 and a second side wall 65 arranged at the two sides of the top block 62, a first groove 64 formed between the first side wall 63, the second side wall 65 and the top block 62, a third side wall 66 and a fourth side wall 68 respectively arranged at the bottom of the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65, and a second groove 67 formed between the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68.
The bottom block 8 is of a rectangular structure, the top surface of the bottom block 8 is integrally connected with a fixture block 81, the fixture block 81 is perpendicular to the top surface of the bottom block 8, and the fixture block 81 is fixed on the central axis of the top surface of the bottom block 8.
The lug 61 in the main ecological block 6 is fixedly arranged on a central axis of the top surface of the top block 62, the lug 61 is connected with the top surface of the top block 62 in a vertical structure, the lug 61 is equal in length to the top block 62, one end of the lug 61 extends outwards from the end of the top block 62 to increase the connection stability, two sides of the bottom surface of the top block 62 are fixedly connected with a first side wall 63 and a second side wall 65 respectively, the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65 are identical in structure and are arranged in a symmetrical structure, the first side wall 63, the second side wall 65 and the top block 62 are equal in length, the first side wall 63, the second side wall 65 and the top block 62 form an n-shaped structure together, and a gap between the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65 is a first groove 64.
The bottom parts of the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65 are respectively connected with a third side wall 66 and a fourth side wall 68, the top parts of the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68 are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom surfaces of the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65, the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68 have the same structure and are arranged in a symmetrical structure, and the length of the third side wall 66 and the length of the fourth side wall 68 are smaller than the length of the first side wall 63 and the length of the second side wall 65.
The gap between the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68 is a second groove 67, and the height of the second groove 67 is greater than that of the bump 61.
The top block 3 is of an n-shaped structure, and the bottom of the top block 3 is provided with a clamping groove 31 matched with the convex block 61.
A construction method of a novel ecological block retaining wall comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: measuring lofting, and controlling the plane position of the bottom of the retaining wall according to coordinate lofting provided by a drawing; introducing the leveling points to different positions where river channel construction is relatively fixed by using a leveling instrument, setting temporary leveling points, and controlling elevation in measurement;
s2: treating a foundation 11, throwing stones and squeezing silt: the first layer is a throwing filling layer which can bear large-scale construction machinery, if the rock blocks do not settle obviously, the rock blocks can extend forwards for the next section of construction, and if the settling amount is large, a layer of rock blocks needs to be thrown again for rolling until the rock blocks do not settle obviously; the pile foundation 12 selects a loose wood pile to carry out soft foundation treatment at a place where the sludge is thicker, pine is driven into the designed pile top elevation according to the designed interval and size by using a pile driver, broken stone and sand filling are carried out on the loose wood pile top by rolling and backfilling 20cm to the designed foundation bottom elevation in a layered manner, namely, a broken stone and sand filling layer 10 is built, M7.5 grouted block stones with the width of 1.0M and the height of 0.6M are built, and the next procedure can be carried out after the bearing capacity of the foundation 11 meets the design requirement; selecting to drive a steel pipe concrete pile under the condition that the sludge is too thick and the driven loose wood pile cannot meet the requirement, driving steel pipes into the designed pile top elevation according to the designed interval and size by using a pile driver, and then pouring concrete into the steel pipe pile to ensure that the foundation 11 meets the design requirement and the standard bearing capacity;
s3: pouring the foundation ground beam 9: performing foundation lofting according to the design requirements of a drawing, installing a template, and pouring a C25 plain concrete cushion layer as a ground beam 9;
s4: and (3) constructing a bottom building block 8: mounting and lofting according to drawing requirements, respectively paving 1-3 cm of M7.5 dry-mixed mortar at the beginning and the end of a concrete ground beam 9 of a section to be constructed, mounting bottom building blocks 8 in a correct direction, setting nodes on the section to be constructed, mounting the bottom building blocks 8, pulling up a horizontal line between the adjacent bottom building blocks 8 to control the elevation in the section, and simultaneously finding the front and the rear of the flat bottom building blocks 8 by using a horizontal ruler to ensure that the bottom building blocks 8 meet the design standard height requirements, the adjacent bottom building blocks 8 are placed close to each other, and the back surfaces are aligned without gaps and can not be dislocated; simultaneously pointing the vertical joint by using mortar;
s5: constructing a main ecological block 6: the construction of the upper main ecological block 6 can be carried out 1-3 days after the bottom block 8 is constructed, the main ecological block 6 is stably placed on the bottom block 8, the construction control error is controlled to be +/-10 mm, when the upper ecological block is constructed, the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68 of the upper main ecological block 6 are positioned at two sides of the top surface of the top block 62 of the lower main ecological block 6, the third side wall 66 and the fourth side wall 68 of the upper main ecological block 6 are positioned at the joint of two adjacent main ecological blocks 6 of the lower layer, the second groove 67 of each main ecological block 6 is clamped with the bump 61 of the mounted main ecological block 6 of the layer below the first groove, the ecological hole 601 is formed by the gap between the lower bump 61 and the first side wall 63 and the second side wall 65 of the upper layer, the ecological hole 601 of each layer is mutually communicated, when each main ecological block 6 is constructed, the vertical edge of the main ecological block is used as the detection reference, the overall line type and the inclination of the outer contour are controlled to ensure that the wall body is not distorted and deformed, and if the wall body is dislocated in the installation process, M7.5 mortar can be used as a support cushion for adjustment; in order to avoid cracking of the retaining wall body caused by uneven settlement, setting a settlement joint every 20 m;
s6, earth backfilling and compacting: when the building strength of the main ecological building block 6 reaches 70% of the design strength, qualified sandy soil is backfilled in the fill soil layer 5 according to the thickness of each layer of 30cm, and the distance between a dump truck for transporting soil and an excavator serving as a paving machine and the back of the wall is larger than 1.5m when the dump truck and the excavator work, so that the influence on the installed building blocks is prevented; the backfill is compacted by a large road roller or an excavator when the distance between the backfill and the back of the retaining wall is beyond 1m, the backfill within the range of 1m is compacted by a small hand-held double-roller road roller, the compaction is carried out in real time in a direction from outside to inside and parallel to the retaining wall, the filler within the width range of each roller is tamped back and forth for at least two times, so that the compactness of the backfill meets the design requirement, and the compacted height of the backfill is flush with or slightly lower than the surface to be installed, so that the construction of the next process is facilitated; in a straight line section, in a direction parallel to a wall surface, firstly laying geotextile 7, additionally arranging geogrids 4 above the geotextile 7 for reinforcement, connecting the geogrids 4 in sections to form a whole, binding and knotting two adjacent geogrids 4 by using a binding belt after overlapping for 20cm, fixing the geogrids at intervals of 1m in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface by using U-shaped nails, inevitably generating vacancies when the geogrids 4 are laid at a turning position, additionally laying and customizing and cutting the geogrids 4 at the vacancies, and ensuring the overlapping length so that the geogrids 4 can be fully paved on the whole working surface, ensuring the internal stability of the ecological retaining wall, and avoiding internal instability caused by the fact that the internal stress of an ecological retaining wall system cannot be uniformly dispersed, so that the geogrids 4 are cracked and finally the outer of the turning wall body is arched;
s7: continuing the construction of the main ecological block 6 and the backfilling and compacting of the soil filling layer 5, after the design elevation is reached, starting to lay the geogrid 4, cutting the geogrid 4 according to the length required by the design, and leaving the transverse ribs of the cut geogrid 4 so that the anchor clamping structure formed by the side and the main ecological block 6 is firmer; before laying, one side of the transverse rib head is flatly laid on the main body ecological building blocks 6, a layer of building blocks is arranged, the geogrid 4 is smoothly pressed and fixed between the upper layer and the lower layer of the main body ecological building blocks 6, meanwhile, a stay wire is used for assisting construction, and the outline line type is adjusted and controlled in time so as to eliminate the accumulated error generated during laying; when the height of the ecological block retaining wall reaches 1.5m, a special guiding rule is used for detecting and correcting once, and then correction is needed once when the height rises by 1.5 m; repeating the construction of the steps 5, 6 and 7, and arranging the main ecological building blocks 6 in a staggered manner;
s8: and (3) construction of the top building block: the construction method of the top building block 3 is the same as that of the bottom building block 8 and the main ecological building block 6, the stay wires are used for assisting construction, the top building block 3 needs to be leveled by a horizontal ruler, the adjacent top building blocks 3 need to be bonded by mortar, and the gap which leaks outside needs to be caulked by M7.5 mortar;
s9: and (3) pouring the concrete top pressing layer 2, installing a template on the top building block 3, and pouring C25 plain concrete.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the ecological block retaining wall is used, firstly, the pile foundation 12, the foundation 11 and the ground beam 9 are arranged to provide a stable bearing foundation for the whole ecological block retaining wall, under the support of the bottom block 8, the fixture block 81 fixed on the top surface of the bottom block 8 is clamped with the second groove 67 at the bottom of the main ecological block 6 at the upper layer, so that the main ecological block 6 at the bottommost layer and the bottom block 8 form a firm foundation together, and further, a plurality of layers of main ecological blocks 6 are stacked and installed upwards layer by layer, and between the two adjacent layers of main ecological blocks 6, because the height of the lug 61 is smaller than the height of the second groove 67, the lug 61 at the lower layer is inserted into the second groove 67 at the upper layer to form an ecological hole 601, and the ecological hole 601, the second groove 67 and the first groove 64 are communicated with each other, besides ensuring that the ecological block retaining wall has the advantages and the inherent functions of the traditional retaining wall such as soil retaining, protection, drainage and the, meanwhile, the ecological protection and landscape beautification functions are embodied, plant reconstruction, river bank line improvement and catchment vegetation restoration are promoted, a complete bank protection system is constructed, the first groove 64 and the second groove 67 are formed in the novel main ecological block 6, construction is simpler and faster, material cost is greatly saved, the clamping groove 31 formed in the bottom of the uppermost top block 3 is clamped with the bump 61 on the uppermost main ecological block 6, a flat and stable plane is formed at the top of the ecological block retaining wall, and the ecological bank protection layer 1 is further additionally arranged at the top of the fill layer 5 after completion; the top building block 3, the main ecological building block 6 and the bottom building block 8 are all reinforced concrete structures or PE waste plastic regenerated fiber modified concrete.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a novel ecological block barricade which characterized in that: the concrete pile comprises a foundation (11) and a pile foundation (12) arranged at the lower part of the foundation (11), wherein a gravel sand-filling layer (10) is arranged at the upper part of the foundation (11), a ground beam (9) is arranged at the upper part of the gravel sand-filling layer (10), a bottom building block (8) is arranged at the upper part of the ground beam (9), a plurality of layers of main ecological building blocks (6) are stacked and paved at the upper part of the bottom building block (8), a top building block (3) is arranged at the top part of each main ecological building block (6), and a concrete top-pressing layer (2) is arranged at the top part; the ecological building block (6) comprises a convex block (61) arranged on the uppermost portion, a top block (62) connected to the lower portion of the convex block (61), a first side wall (63) and a second side wall (65) arranged on two sides of the top block (62), wherein a first groove (64) is formed between the first side wall (63), the second side wall (65) and the top block (62), a third side wall (66) and a fourth side wall (68) are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first side wall (63) and the second side wall (65), and a second groove (67) is formed between the third side wall (66) and the fourth side wall (68).
2. A novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom building block (8) is of a rectangular structure, a clamping block (81) is integrally connected to the top surface of the bottom building block (8), the clamping block (81) is perpendicular to the top surface of the bottom building block (8), and the clamping block (81) is fixed on a central axis of the top surface of the bottom building block (8).
3. A novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ecological building block comprises a main body ecological building block (6), wherein a convex block (61) is fixedly arranged on a central axis of the top face of a top block (62), the convex block (61) is connected with the top face of the top block (62) in a vertical structure, the convex block (61) is equal in length to the top block (62), one end of the convex block (61) extends outwards from the end head of the top block (62), two sides of the bottom face of the top block (62) are fixedly connected with a first side wall (63) and a second side wall (65) respectively, the first side wall (63) and the second side wall (65) are identical in structure and are arranged in a symmetrical structure, the first side wall (63), the second side wall (65) and the top block (62) are equal in length, the first side wall (63), the second side wall (65) and the top block (62) form an n-shaped structure together, and a gap between the first side wall (63) and the second side wall (65) is a first groove (.
4. A novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the bottom of first lateral wall (63) and second lateral wall (65) is connected with third lateral wall (66) and fourth lateral wall (68) respectively, the top of third lateral wall (66) and fourth lateral wall (68) respectively with the bottom face fixed connection of first lateral wall (63) and second lateral wall (65), third lateral wall (66) and fourth lateral wall (68) structure the same and be symmetrical structure setting, the length of third lateral wall (66) and fourth lateral wall (68) is less than the length of first lateral wall (63) and second lateral wall (65).
5. A novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the gap between the third side wall (66) and the fourth side wall (68) is a second groove (67), and the height of the second groove (67) is larger than that of the bump (61).
6. A novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top building block (3) is of an n-shaped structure, and the bottom of the top building block (3) is provided with a clamping groove (31) matched with the convex block (61).
7. The construction method of a novel ecological block retaining wall as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following specific operation steps:
s1: measuring lofting, and controlling the plane position of the bottom of the retaining wall according to coordinate lofting provided by a drawing; introducing the leveling points to different positions where river channel construction is relatively fixed by using a leveling instrument, setting temporary leveling points, and controlling elevation in measurement;
s2: treating a foundation (11), and carrying out stone throwing and silt squeezing: the first layer is a throwing filling layer which can bear large-scale construction machinery, if the rock blocks do not settle obviously, the rock blocks can extend forwards for the next section of construction, and if the settling amount is large, a layer of rock blocks needs to be thrown again for rolling until the rock blocks do not settle obviously; selecting a loose wood pile to carry out soft foundation treatment on a thick sludge place of a pile foundation (12), driving loose wood into a designed pile top elevation according to a designed interval and a designed size by using a pile driver, and carrying out layered rolling backfill on the loose wood pile top by 20cm of broken stone and sand filling to the designed foundation bottom elevation, namely a broken stone and sand filling layer (10), building M7.5 grouted building blocks with the width of 1.0M and the height of 0.6M, and carrying out the next process after the bearing capacity of a foundation (11) meets the design requirement; selecting to drive a steel pipe concrete pile under the condition that the sludge is too thick and the driven loose wood pile cannot meet the requirement, driving steel pipes into the designed pile top elevation according to the designed interval and size by using a pile driver, and then pouring concrete into the steel pipe pile to ensure that the foundation (11) meets the design requirement and the standard bearing capacity;
s3: pouring the foundation ground beam (9): performing foundation lofting according to the design requirements of a drawing, installing a template, and pouring a C25 plain concrete cushion layer as a ground beam (9);
s4: constructing a bottom building block (8): installing and lofting according to drawing requirements, respectively paving 1-3 cm of M7.5 dry powder mortar at the beginning and the end of a concrete ground beam (9) of a section to be constructed, installing bottom building blocks (8) in a correct direction, setting nodes on the section to be constructed, installing the bottom building blocks (8), pulling horizontal lines between the adjacent bottom building blocks (8) to control the elevation in the section, leveling the front and the back of the bottom building blocks (8) by using horizontal rulers to ensure that the bottom building blocks (8) meet the design elevation requirements, placing the adjacent bottom building blocks (8) close to each other, keeping gaps on the back side and preventing dislocation; simultaneously pointing the vertical joint by using mortar;
s5: constructing a main ecological block (6): the construction of the upper main ecological block (6) can be carried out 1-3 days after the construction of the bottom block (8), the main ecological block (6) is stably placed on the bottom block (8), the construction control error is controlled to be +/-10 mm, the third side wall (66) and the fourth side wall (68) of the upper main ecological block (6) are positioned at two sides of the top surface of the top block (62) of the lower main ecological block (6) when the building is carried out upwards, the third side wall (66) and the fourth side wall (68) of the upper main ecological block (6) are placed at the joint of two adjacent main ecological blocks (6) of the lower layer, the second groove (67) of each main ecological block (6) is clamped with the bump (61) of the lower layer of the installed main ecological block (6), the gap between the lower bump (61) and the first side wall (63) and the second side wall (65) of the upper layer forms an ecological hole (601), and the ecological holes (601) of each layer are communicated with each other, when each layer of main body ecological building block (6) is built, the vertical edge of the outer front edge of each layer of main body ecological building block is used as a detection reference to control the overall line type and inclination of the outer contour so as to ensure that the wall body is not distorted and deformed, and if the main body ecological building block is dislocated in the installation process, M7.5 mortar can be used as a support cushion for adjustment; in order to avoid cracking of the retaining wall body caused by uneven settlement, setting a settlement joint every 20 m;
s6, earth backfilling and compacting: when the building strength of the main ecological building block (6) reaches 70% of the design strength, qualified sandy soil is backfilled in the fill layer (5) according to the thickness of each layer of 30cm, and the distance between a dump truck for transporting soil and an excavator serving as a paving machine and the back of the wall is larger than 1.5m when the dump truck and the excavator work, so that the influence on the installed building blocks is prevented; the backfill is compacted by a large road roller or an excavator when the distance between the backfill and the back of the retaining wall is beyond 1m, the backfill within the range of 1m is compacted by a small hand-held double-roller road roller, the compaction is carried out in real time in a direction from outside to inside and parallel to the retaining wall, the filler within the width range of each roller is tamped back and forth for at least two times, so that the compactness of the backfill meets the design requirement, and the compacted height of the backfill is flush with or slightly lower than the surface to be installed, so that the construction of the next process is facilitated; in a straight line section, in a direction parallel to a wall surface, firstly laying geotextile (7), adding geogrids (4) above the geotextile (7) for reinforcement, connecting the geogrids (4) in sections to form a whole, overlapping two adjacent geogrids (4) for 20cm, tying and knotting by using a binding belt, fixing the geogrids (4) at intervals of 1m in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface, inevitably forming gaps when the geogrids (4) are laid at a turning position, additionally laying and customizing and cutting the geogrids (4) at the gaps, and ensuring the overlapping length, so that the geogrids (4) can be fully laid on the whole working surface, the internal stability of an ecological retaining wall is ensured, and the phenomenon that the internal instability is generated due to the fact that the internal stress of an ecological retaining wall system cannot be uniformly dispersed, the geogrids (4) are cracked, and finally the outer arch of the turning position wall body is caused is avoided;
s7: continuing the construction of the main ecological block (6), and backfilling and compacting the soil filling layer (5), after reaching the design elevation, starting to lay the geogrid (4), cutting the geogrid (4) according to the length required by the design, and leaving the transverse ribs of the cut geogrid (4) so that the anchor clamping structure formed by the side and the main ecological block (6) is firmer; before laying, one side of the transverse rib head is flatly laid on the main body ecological building blocks (6), a layer of building blocks is arranged, the geogrid (4) is smoothly pressed and fixed between the upper layer of main body ecological building blocks (6) and the lower layer of main body ecological building blocks (6), meanwhile, the stay wire is used for assisting construction, and the outline line type is adjusted and controlled in time so as to eliminate the accumulated error generated during building; when the height of the ecological block retaining wall reaches 1.5m, a special guiding rule is used for detecting and correcting once, and then correction is needed once when the height rises by 1.5 m; repeating the construction of the steps 5, 6 and 7, and arranging the main ecological building blocks (6) in a staggered manner;
s8: and (3) construction of the top building block: the construction method of the top building blocks (3) is the same as that of the bottom building blocks (8) and the main ecological building blocks (6), the stay wires are used for assisting construction, the top building blocks (3) are leveled by a horizontal ruler, the adjacent top building blocks (3) are bonded by mortar, and the leaked gaps are caulked by M7.5 mortar;
s9: and (3) pouring the concrete top pressing layer (2), installing a template on the top building block (3), and pouring C25 plain concrete.
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| CN202011140427.3A CN112281911A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Novel ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof |
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