CN112276610B - Multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient processing of plane-symmetrical shell - Google Patents
Multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient processing of plane-symmetrical shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112276610B CN112276610B CN202010982711.9A CN202010982711A CN112276610B CN 112276610 B CN112276610 B CN 112276610B CN 202010982711 A CN202010982711 A CN 202010982711A CN 112276610 B CN112276610 B CN 112276610B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping and adjusting device for efficient machining of a plane-symmetric shell, which comprises a driving end component, a driven end component and an electric system, wherein the driving end component consists of an upright post component and an A1 shaft component, and the driven end component consists of an upright post component and an A2 shaft component. Through the control of an electrical system, the rotary motion of a motor is transmitted to the rotary motion of the plane-symmetrical shell through a speed reducer and the like, the vertical motion of the plane-symmetrical shell is realized through a Z-axis driving assembly, the problems of clamping and posture adjustment in the efficient machining of the plane-symmetrical shell are solved, engineering application verification shows that the device is used for carrying out multi-degree-of-freedom automatic overturning on the same type of structural shells and machining, the machining efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient machining of a plane-symmetric shell, which is used for achieving rapid clamping and posture adjustment during efficient numerical control machining of a special-shaped plane-symmetric shell and belongs to the technical field of mechanical machining and automatic auxiliary equipment design.
Background
In order to improve the penetration resistance, the aerodynamic shape of the middle-range trajectory missile of the new generation adopts a plane-symmetric complex special-shaped curved surface structure, and compared with the warhead heat-proof section with the traditional conical surface shape, the manufacturing mode of the missile has great difference: the traditional cone heat-proof section is mainly turned, the appearance of the non-revolving body bullet head section belongs to a complex curved surface with variable curvature, and a three-axis and above numerical control machine tool is required to be adopted for milling or grinding high-efficiency processing. When a traditional conical heat-proof section is machined, a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck type mode is adopted for clamping, and the method can not be used for machining a special-shaped surface symmetrical shell. The existing processing of the special-shaped symmetrical shell needs to realize clamping by respectively connecting a large end transition disc, a small end transition disc and a large end support seat and a small end support seat, and belongs to pure manual operation. Due to the fact that the surface-symmetrical shell is complex in structure and large in size and weight, the method is high in clamping difficulty, difficult to fine adjust and low in efficiency.
In order to realize the fine adjustment of the pitching, yawing and rolling directions of the plane-symmetric shell, the multi-degree-of-freedom automatic fine adjustment alignment of the plane-symmetric shell is convenient; the functions of integral lifting, in-situ turning and turning over of the product are realized, and the design of a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient processing of the plane-symmetrical shell is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem of the invention is solved: the invention aims to provide a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping and adjusting device for efficient machining of a plane-symmetric shell, which solves the problems of rapid clamping and posture adjustment during machining of a special-shaped plane-symmetric shell by using a gantry type three-axis machine tool.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficiently processing a plane-symmetric shell comprises a driving end component, a driven end component and an electric system; the driving end assembly is a power driving device of the quick clamping adjusting device, and the driven end assembly is a driven device of the quick clamping adjusting device and realizes rotation and posture adjustment of the plane-symmetrical shell together with the driving end assembly; the electric system is an electric control system of the drive end assembly, and sequential control of quick clamping adjustment is realized;
the driving end assembly and the driven end assembly respectively comprise an upright post assembly and a rotary table assembly, the rotary table assembly is arranged on the corresponding upright post assembly, and the upright post assembly drives the plane-symmetrical shell to realize Z-axis active lifting through the rotary table assembly; wherein the turntable assembly of the drive end assembly is designated as an A1 shaft member, and the turntable assembly of the driven end assembly is designated as an A2 shaft member; the A1 shaft component actively realizes 360-degree rotation of the plane-symmetrical shell in the A-axis direction and rotation in the B-axis direction under the control of an electrical system; the A2 shaft component is used for realizing the rotation of the A shaft and the B shaft in a follow-up manner; the rolling and swinging, yawing and pitching motion adjustment of the plane-symmetrical shell is realized through the rotation and lifting in the directions of the A axis, the B axis and the Z axis.
Preferably, the upright post assembly comprises a Z-axis driving assembly, a guide rail, a sliding block, a limiting bracket, a wedge block, an upright post and a hand wheel; the sliding block is used for mounting the rotary table assembly, the Z-axis driving assembly is adjusted through a hand wheel to drive the rotary table assembly to move and adjust along the guide rail along with the sliding block along the Z-axis direction, and the position is fixed through a wedge block; the limiting support achieves the limiting protection effect of the rotary table assembly.
Preferably, the Z-axis driving component is of a T-shaped lead screw nut structure with a self-locking angle; the lead screw is connected with the hand wheel, and the movement position of the rotary table component can be adjusted by rotating the hand wheel.
Preferably, the large end and the small end of the plane-symmetrical shell are respectively connected with the driving end assembly and the driven end assembly through the connecting plate assembly; the connecting plate assembly comprises a connecting plate, the connecting plate is positioned through a product positioning pin and is installed to the large end or the small end of the plane-symmetrical shell through a fastening bolt; the hoisting ring is installed on the connecting plate to realize hoisting of the surface-symmetrical shell; the positioning hole and the locking hole are respectively used for realizing positioning and clamping fixation with the turntable assembly.
Preferably, the surface of the rotary table component and the surface-symmetrical shell is connected and installed, and accurate positioning is achieved through the positioning holes of the mounting connection plate.
Preferably, the shaft component A1 comprises a large-end positioning plate, a large-end positioning pin, a clamping cylinder, a shaft B driving motor, a shaft A driving motor, a speed reducer, a driving end sliding table and a shaft B1 bearing assembly;
an output shaft of the speed reducer is positioned at the rotating center of the large-end positioning plate, and the A-axis driving motor drives the large-end positioning plate to realize 360-degree rotation in the A-axis direction through the speed reducer; the A-axis driving motor, the reducer and the large-end positioning plate are driven by the B-axis driving motor as a whole to realize the rotary motion of the B axis; clamping and locking of the large end of the surface-symmetrical shell are realized by the clamping cylinder, and positioning is realized by the large-end positioning pin during clamping and locking; the driving end sliding table is installed on a sliding block of the upright post assembly, and the B1 bearing assembly supports a rotating shaft on the B shaft driving motor.
Preferably, the motor protection cover is arranged on the outer surface of the A-axis driving motor to realize the protection function.
Preferably, the motor protective cover and the driving end sliding table are formed by welding aluminum alloy materials; and the large-end positioning plate is made of die steel or 45 steel through quenching and tempering.
Preferably, the A-axis drive motor and the B-axis drive motor are both servo motors, the speed reducer is of a turbine scroll transmission structure, the QAL9-4 material is used for the turbine, the scroll is made of 40Cr material, and the transmission ratio is 10-40.
Preferably, the A2 shaft component comprises a small end positioning plate, a small end positioning pin, an adjustable handle, a B2 bearing component and an A2 bearing component; the small end positioning pin on the small end positioning plate is used for realizing the installation and positioning between the small end positioning pin and the surface-symmetrical shell, and clamping and locking of the small end of the surface-symmetrical shell are realized through the clamping cylinder; the A2 bearing assembly is supported by a rotating shaft of an A2 shaft component, wherein the rotating shaft supported by the A2 bearing assembly is fixedly connected with the small end positioning plate and is matched with the driving end component to realize the rotating motion of the plane-symmetric shell around the A shaft; the B2 bearing assembly supports a rotational axis for mating with the drive end assembly to effect rotational movement of the face-symmetric housing about the B axis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize the fine adjustment of the pitching, yawing and rolling directions of the product, and is convenient for the fine adjustment and alignment of the product; the product can be lifted integrally and turned over in situ, so that the product can be turned over and clamped conveniently; the device can realize the pitch angle adjustment of the product by adjusting the lifting heights of the driving end and the driven end; the fine adjustment of the rolling direction of the product and the turnover can be realized by adjusting the angle of the shaft A of the driving end; the reasonable locking mechanism can realize the locking of the workpiece in any posture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device;
FIG. 2 is a connector plate assembly;
FIG. 3 is a stud assembly;
FIG. 4 is an A1 axle member;
FIG. 5 is an A2 axle member;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of the implementation of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for adjusting the irregular plane symmetrical shell by multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping comprises a circuit system and a mechanical system: the circuit system is used for realizing circuit control of the whole turning action; the mechanical system comprises a driving end component 1, a driven end component 2 and an electric system 3. The driving end assembly 1 and the driven end assembly 2 are installed and fixed on a machine tool workbench 4 through T-shaped bolts 9, the shell 5 with symmetrical surfaces is connected with the driving end assembly 1 and the driven end assembly 2 through large and small end surfaces respectively to realize clamping, and the shell is driven by an A1 shaft assembly 8 and an A2 shaft assembly 7 to realize movement adjustment of the shell in pitching, yawing and rolling directions.
The driving end assembly 1 is a power driving device of a quick clamping adjusting device, provides driving force, converts the driving force into overturning and posture adjustment of the plane-symmetrical shell 5, and consists of an upright post assembly 6 and an A1 shaft component 8.
The driven end assembly 2 is a driven device of the rapid clamping adjusting device, realizes the turnover and posture adjustment of the plane-symmetrical shell 5 together with the driving end assembly 1, and consists of an upright post assembly 6 and an A2 shaft assembly 7.
The electric system 3 is an electric control system of the driving end component 1, and sequential control of the rapid clamping adjusting device is achieved.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection plate; the connecting plate 10 is positioned by the product positioning pin 9 and is mounted to the large end or the small end of the face-symmetric case 5 by the fastening bolt 11. The hoisting ring 6 is mounted to the connecting plate to hoist the surface-symmetrical shell 5. The positioning hole 7 is positioned with the large end positioning pin 21 of the A1 shaft component 8 or the small end positioning pin 30 of the A2 shaft component 7, and clamping and fixing are realized through the locking hole 8 and the clamping cylinder 22.
As shown in fig. 3, the column assembly is mounted on the machine tool table 4 by T-bolts, i.e. the illustrated fixing bolts 18, as a support device of the entire quick-clamping adjusting device. The device consists of a Z-axis driving component 12, a guide rail 13, a sliding block 14, a limiting bracket 15, a wedge block 16, an upright post 17 and a hand wheel. The A1 shaft component 8 or the A2 shaft component 7 is mounted on the slide block 14, the A1 shaft component 8 or the A2 shaft component 7 is driven by the hand wheel adjusting Z-axis driving component 12 to move and adjust along the Z-axis direction, and the position is fixed by the wedge block 16. The limiting bracket 15 realizes the limiting protection function of the A1 shaft component 8 or the A2 shaft component 7. The Z-axis driving component 12 is in a screw nut structure, forms a Z-axis direction adjusting system together with the guide rail 13 and the slide block 14, and is mounted on the slide block through an A1 shaft component or an A2 component and runs along the Z-axis direction through the guide rail.
The shaft component A1 shown in FIG. 4 is composed of a motor protective cover 19, a large end positioning plate 20, a large end positioning pin 21, a clamping cylinder 22, a shaft B driving motor 23, a shaft A driving motor 24, a speed reducer 25, a driving end sliding table 26 and a shaft B1 bearing assembly 27. The motor protective cover 19 is an aluminum alloy shell and is mounted on the outer surface of the A-axis driving motor 24 to realize a protection function. The big end positioning plate 20 is of a disc-shaped structure, and 4 clamping cylinders 22 are uniformly distributed on the big end positioning plate; the big end positioning pin 21 is of a cylindrical structure and is used for positioning when the big end positioning plate and the connecting plate of the surface-symmetric shell 5 are installed; the A-axis driving motor and the B-axis driving motor are all servo motors and can drive the surface-symmetrical shell 5 to rotate along the directions of the A axis and the B axis through the speed reducer. The driving end sliding table 26 is a supporting structure of a B-axis driving motor 23, an A-axis driving motor 24, a speed reducer 25 and a large-end positioning plate 20, is mounted on the sliding block 14, and drives the plane-symmetric shell 5 to move along the Z-axis direction through the Z-axis driving component 12 and the guide rail 13.
The a-axis driving motor 24 drives the large-end positioning plate 20 through the speed reducer 25 to realize a-axis rotation motion. The B-axis driving motor 23 drives the large-end positioning plate 20, the reducer and the A-axis driving motor to integrally rotate so as to realize B-axis rotation motion. The clamping cylinder 22 is matched with the locking hole 8 to realize clamping and locking of the large end of the surface-symmetrical shell 5, and positioning is realized through the large end positioning pin 21 and the positioning hole 7 during clamping and locking. The driving end sliding table 26 is installed on the sliding block 14, and the B1 bearing assembly 27 supports the rotating shaft on the B-shaft driving motor 23.
The speed reducer is of a turbine worm transmission structure, the QAL9-4 material is used for the turbine, the 40Cr material is used for the worm, the speed reducer has a larger transmission ratio, and the 10-40 transmission ratio is recommended.
The A2 shaft member shown in FIG. 5 is composed of a small end positioning plate 29, a small end positioning pin 30, an adjustable handle 31, a B2 bearing assembly 32, and an A2 bearing assembly 33. The small end positioning plate 20 is a disc-shaped structure, and 2 clamping cylinders 22 are uniformly distributed on the small end positioning plate. The small end positioning pin 21 is of a cylindrical structure and is used for positioning when the small end positioning plate 29 and the connecting plate of the surface-symmetric shell 5 are installed. The adjustable handle 31 controls the locking of the small end positioning plate 29.
The small end positioning pin 30 on the small end positioning plate 29 is positioned with the positioning hole 7, and the clamping and locking of the small end of the surface-symmetrical shell 5 are realized through the matching of the clamping cylinder 22 and the locking hole 8. B2 bearing assembly 32, A2 bearing assembly 33 are the rotation shaft support of A2 shaft component, and the rotation motion of plane symmetry 5 around A shaft and B shaft is realized by matching with the driving end assembly 1.
As shown in fig. 6, a flowchart of a process of driving a workpiece to be clamped and adjusted by the rapid clamping adjustment device is specifically shown as follows: installing a quick clamping adjusting device on a machine tool workbench → installing a connecting plate component at the large end and the small end of a plane-symmetric shell → hoisting the plane-symmetric shell and placing the quick clamping adjusting device between the quick clamping adjusting device → realizing clamping and clamping of the plane-symmetric shell through a driving end component and a driven end component clamping cylinder → starting an A-axis driving motor to realize rotation adjustment of the plane-symmetric shell in the A-axis direction → starting a B-axis driving motor to realize rotation adjustment of the plane-symmetric shell in the B-axis direction → adjusting a hand wheel and a Z-axis driving component to realize adjustment of the plane-symmetric shell in the Z-axis direction → further adjusting according to the flow → processing a window and other characteristics.
The invention has not been described in detail in part in the common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient processing multi freedom quick clamping adjusting device of dysmorphism face symmetry casing which characterized in that: the device comprises a driving end component, a driven end component and an electric system; the driving end assembly is a power driving device of the quick clamping adjusting device, and the driven end assembly is a driven device of the quick clamping adjusting device and realizes rotation and posture adjustment of the plane-symmetrical shell together with the driving end assembly; the electric system is an electric control system of the drive end assembly, and sequential control of quick clamping adjustment is realized;
the driving end assembly and the driven end assembly respectively comprise an upright post assembly and a rotary table assembly, the rotary table assembly is arranged on the corresponding upright post assembly, and the upright post assembly drives the plane-symmetrical shell to realize Z-axis active lifting through the rotary table assembly; wherein the turntable assembly of the driving end assembly is marked as an A1 shaft component, and the turntable assembly of the driven end assembly is marked as an A2 shaft component; the A1 shaft component actively realizes 360-degree rotation of the plane-symmetrical shell in the A-axis direction and rotation in the B-axis direction under the control of an electrical system; the A2 shaft component is used for realizing the rotation of the A shaft and the B shaft in a follow-up manner; the rolling, yawing and pitching directions of the plane-symmetrical shell are adjusted through rotation and lifting in the directions of the A axis, the B axis and the Z axis; specifically, fine adjustment and turning over of the rolling direction of the surface-symmetric shell are realized by adjusting the angle of an A shaft of the driving end assembly;
the A1 shaft component comprises a large-end positioning plate, a large-end positioning pin, a clamping cylinder, a B shaft driving motor, an A shaft driving motor, a speed reducer, a driving end sliding table and a B1 bearing component;
an output shaft of the speed reducer is positioned at the rotating center of the large-end positioning plate, and the A-axis driving motor drives the large-end positioning plate to realize 360-degree rotation in the A-axis direction through the speed reducer; the A-axis driving motor, the reducer and the large-end positioning plate are driven by the B-axis driving motor to realize the rotary motion of the B axis as a whole; clamping and locking of the large end of the surface-symmetrical shell are realized by the clamping cylinder, and positioning is realized by the large-end positioning pin during clamping and locking; the driving end sliding table is installed on a sliding block of the upright post assembly, and the B1 bearing assembly supports a rotating shaft on the B shaft driving motor;
the A2 shaft component comprises a small end positioning plate, a small end positioning pin, an adjustable handle, a B2 bearing component and an A2 bearing component;
the small end positioning pin on the small end positioning plate is used for realizing the installation and positioning between the small end positioning pin and the surface-symmetrical shell, and clamping and locking of the small end of the surface-symmetrical shell are realized through the clamping cylinder; the A2 bearing assembly is supported by a rotating shaft of an A2 shaft component, wherein the rotating shaft supported by the A2 bearing assembly is fixedly connected with the small end positioning plate and is matched with the driving end component to realize the rotating motion of the plane-symmetric shell around the A shaft; the rotating shaft supported by the B2 bearing assembly is used for matching the driving end assembly to realize the rotation motion of the plane-symmetrical shell around the B shaft;
the large end and the small end of the plane-symmetrical shell are respectively connected with the driving end assembly and the driven end assembly through the connecting plate assembly; the connecting plate assembly comprises a connecting plate, the connecting plate is positioned through a product positioning pin and is installed to the large end or the small end of the plane-symmetrical shell through a fastening bolt; the hoisting ring is installed on the connecting plate to realize hoisting of the surface-symmetrical shell; the positioning hole and the locking hole are respectively used for realizing positioning and clamping fixation with the turntable assembly.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upright post component comprises a Z-axis driving component, a guide rail, a sliding block, a limiting bracket, a wedge block, an upright post and a hand wheel;
the sliding block is used for mounting the rotary table assembly, the Z-axis driving assembly is adjusted through a hand wheel to drive the rotary table assembly to move and adjust along the guide rail along with the sliding block along the Z-axis direction, and the position is fixed through a wedge block; the limiting support achieves the limiting protection effect of the rotary table assembly.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the Z-axis driving component is of a T-shaped lead screw nut structure with a self-locking angle; the lead screw is connected with the hand wheel, and the movement position of the rotary table component can be adjusted by rotating the hand wheel.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the rotary table component and the surface-symmetrical shell is connected and installed, and accurate positioning is achieved through the positioning holes of the installation connecting plate.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: still include the motor protection cover, install to A axle driving motor surface and realize protect function.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the motor protective cover and the driving end sliding table are formed by welding aluminum alloy materials; and the large-end positioning plate is made of die steel or 45 steel through quenching and tempering.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the A-axis driving motor and the B-axis driving motor are all servo motors, the speed reducer is of a turbine worm transmission structure, the turbine is made of QAL9-4 material, the worm is made of 40Cr material, and the transmission ratio is 10-40.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010982711.9A CN112276610B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient processing of plane-symmetrical shell |
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| CN202010982711.9A CN112276610B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Multi-degree-of-freedom rapid clamping adjusting device for efficient processing of plane-symmetrical shell |
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| CN112276610A CN112276610A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112276610B true CN112276610B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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