CN112273174A - Water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn - Google Patents
Water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN112273174A CN112273174A CN201910666736.5A CN201910666736A CN112273174A CN 112273174 A CN112273174 A CN 112273174A CN 201910666736 A CN201910666736 A CN 201910666736A CN 112273174 A CN112273174 A CN 112273174A
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn. Planting a first row of corns on the right ridge of the first planting ridge, planting a second row of corns on the left ridge of the second planting ridge, planting a third row of corns on the right ridge of the fourth planting ridge, planting a fourth row of corns on the left ridge of the fifth planting ridge, and so on; and (3) paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the first planting ridge and the second planting ridge, and paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the fourth planting ridge and the fifth planting ridge. This application is empty two ridges in a ridge, drips and only drips a ridge, and water conservation is just so and efficient. Saves water and fertilizer, and saves one fourth of fertilizer compared with the prior art. Meanwhile, the labor intensity of farmers is also reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of corn planting, and particularly relates to a water-saving high-yield corn planting technology.
Background
Corn has a wide planting area in China, is one of the main grain crops in China, and is widely planted in China. The northeast province is an important corn production base in China, but due to the fact that the northeast province is relatively arid, the rainfall amount is almost negligible, the rainfall amount is insufficient, and land benefits of farmers are affected. The country also invests in a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and a large amount of wells are drilled in the northeast arid regions to exploit underground water to irrigate farmlands, so that the underground water level is seriously reduced, and the irrigation requirements of farmers are difficult to meet.
The development of agricultural science and technology and the increasingly severe situation of water resources in China enable water-saving irrigation technologies such as spray irrigation and drip irrigation to gradually replace traditional irrigation modes such as furrow irrigation and flood irrigation and become the main mode of corn irrigationFlow techniques. The government invests a large amount of capital for construction of drought-resistant basic well wastewater waste works, which are not suitable for the irrigation requirements of farmers and are abandoned. Drip irrigation has been developed for nearly a century since birth, and shows unprecedented water saving capability as a novel irrigation technology, particularly in countries and regions with severe water shortage.Drip irrigationThe method is a precise irrigation method, and uses a low-pressure pipeline system for a drip irrigation tape to directly convey water to the field and then pass through a dripper, an orifice or the drip irrigation tape arranged on a capillaryIrrigation emitterThe water is dropped into the soil near the root zone of the crops uniformly and slowly drop by drop, so that the soil in the most developed root zone of the crops can always keep proper humidity, and the water, fertilizer, gas, heat and microorganism activities of the soil are always in good conditions, thereby creating favorable conditions for high and stable yield of the crops. Drip irrigation is more water-saving than spray irrigation, irrigation efficiency is higher than spray irrigation, and the utilization rate of irrigation water by drip irrigation can reach more than 95%. In conclusion, the drip irrigation has the advantages of water and energy conservation, time and labor conservation, convenient mechanical operation and obvious yield increase effect.
The ridge distance of corn planting in northeast China is usually 60cm, and the planting mode is that one row of corn is planted on a ridge platform. According to the drip irrigation technology applied at present, drip irrigation belts are paved on each planting ridge, so that the drip irrigation facility is high in cost, large in evaporation capacity, time-consuming and water-consuming, and serious in water source waste, and the income of farmers is influenced.
There is an urgent need for a water-saving high-yield corn planting technique.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn, which has the advantages of low cost, water source saving, high corn yield and capability of improving the income of farmers.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a water-saving high-yield planting technology for corns comprises the steps that a first row of corns are planted on the right ridge of a first planting ridge in a slope manner, a second row of corns are planted on the left ridge of a second planting ridge in a slope manner, a third row of corns are planted on the right ridge of a fourth planting ridge in a slope manner, a fourth row of corns are planted on the left ridge of a fifth planting ridge in a slope manner, and the like; and (3) paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the first planting ridge and the second planting ridge, and paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the fourth planting ridge and the fifth planting ridge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the prior art, corn is planted on each planting ridge, so that the density is high, the ventilation is not realized, drought and wind disasters are caused, the corn is easily damaged by diseases and insects, the yield of grains is greatly reduced, and the income of farmers is unstable. The planting method has the advantages that the light is sufficient, the water is sufficient, the ventilation is good, the straw roots are thick and strong, and the lodging resistance is realized. Promoting prematurity, good grain quality, solving drought, wind damage and plant diseases and insect pests, and greatly improving grain yield.
2. The corn planting technology is that one ridge is empty and two ridges are formed, and only one ridge is dripped in a drip irrigation mode, so that water is saved and the efficiency is high. Compared with the prior art, the water-saving fertilizer saves two thirds of water, one fourth of fertilizer and one half of labor, reduces the labor intensity of farmers and greatly increases the income of the farmers.
3. The applicant carries out scientific planting experiments of 100 hectares for several years in spring eye mountains and villages in pear trees county in Jilin province, the corn yield of the experimental field is high, the grain quality is good, the method is fully determined by agricultural experts in province, the problem that people eat by day is solved, and drought, lodging and plant diseases and insect pests are prevented. The method is approved and highly paid attention by the government of Wei county in pear county, and can be widely popularized in the pear county in 2020. Lays a solid foundation for strengthening the poverty and the hardness of the pear trees. And a new step is added to the grain yield of the pear tree county.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the planting technique of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of corn grown according to the present planting technique and the prior art.
Detailed Description
In response to the problems in the background art, the scientists of our company have summarized their experiences and extensive experimental research. The invention discloses a water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn. The technology only irrigates 1/3 areas, and 2/3 fallow does not need irrigation, so that 2/3 water is saved, time, water and labor are saved, and the land benefit of farmers is increased.
A water-saving high-yield planting technology for corns is characterized in that a first row of corns are planted on the right side ridge of a first planting ridge 1, a second row of corns are planted on the left side ridge of a second planting ridge 2, a third row of corns are planted on the right side ridge of a fourth planting ridge 3, a fourth row of corns are planted on the left side ridge of a fifth planting ridge 4, and the like. The method is equivalent to planting two lines of corns on one ridge and planting two empty ridges on one ridge, and the corns are planted according to the method, wherein the small line spacing of the corns is 40 cm, and the large line spacing of the corns is 140 cm. And (3) paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the first planting ridge and the second planting ridge, paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the fourth planting ridge and the fifth planting ridge, and so on. Namely, a drip irrigation tape is laid in a furrow between two rows of close corns, and one ridge of empty two ridges are also laid on the drip irrigation tape.
The width of planting the ridge is 60 centimetres, and the plant spacing is four cun-five cun, and the first row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from first planting ridge stage central line, and the second row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from second planting ridge stage central line, and the third row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from fourth planting ridge stage central line, and the fourth row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from fifth planting ridge stage central line, the maize distance of drip irrigation zone vertical center line distance both sides is 20 centimetres, and the distance between two adjacent drip irrigation zones is 180 centimetres.
Example 1
Experiments are carried out in spring eye ridge county in pear county in Jilin province, and the ridge distance of the corn is 60cm, namely the center line of the ridge is sixty centimeters away from the center line of the ridge. The spacing between plants was five inches. The distance between the first row of corn and the center line of the first planting ridge platform is 10 cm, the distance between the second row of corn and the center line of the second planting ridge platform is 10 cm, the distance between the third row of corn and the center line of the fourth planting ridge platform is 10 cm, the distance between the fourth row of corn and the center line of the fifth planting ridge platform is 10 cm, the distance between the longitudinal center line of the drip irrigation zone and the corn on the two sides is 20cm, the distance between the drip irrigation zone and the corn on the two sides is 180cm, and the rest can be done in the same way. Therefore, the drip irrigation width only needs 60cm to meet the requirement of the corn, and the rest two ridges with the width of 120cm do not need irrigation. Saving 1/3 drip tape. 2/3 water is saved.
In 2018, compared with the planting method in the prior art,
the attached figure 2 in the specification is the comparison of the growth vigor of the corn seedlings in the period,
the corn is planted in the prior art, the planting distance is between eight inches and one ruler, the number of plants planted in one hectare is 55000 to 60000, the yield is 22000 to 25000 jin, each jin of corn has 8 corners, and the income is 17600 to 20000 yuan. The planting distance is four inches, the number of plants planted in one hectare is 70000-75000, 29000-33000 jin, the price is high because the grain quality is good, the corn is 8.5 horns per jin, the annual income is 24650-28050 yuan, the corn is planted by the corn water-saving high-yield technology, and the income is increased by 7000 plus 8000 yuan for one hectare.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left, right", etc. indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on those shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of describing the present application, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn is characterized in that: the specific planting method comprises the steps that a first row of corns are planted on the right ridge of a first planting ridge, a second row of corns are planted on the left ridge of a second planting ridge, a third row of corns are planted on the right ridge of a fourth planting ridge, a fourth row of corns are planted on the left ridge of a fifth planting ridge, and the like; and (3) paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the first planting ridge and the second planting ridge, and paving a drip irrigation tape in a furrow between the fourth planting ridge and the fifth planting ridge.
2. The water-saving high-yield planting technology for the corns according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the width of planting the ridge is 60 centimetres, and the plant spacing is four inches-five inches, and first row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from first planting ridge stage central line, and the second row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from second planting ridge stage central line, and the third row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from fourth planting ridge stage central line, and the fourth row of maize is 10 centimetres apart from fifth planting ridge stage central line, the maize row distance of drip irrigation zone vertical central line distance both sides is 20 centimetres, and the distance between two adjacent drip irrigation zones is 180 centimetres.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910666736.5A CN112273174A (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn |
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| CN201910666736.5A CN112273174A (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn |
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| CN112273174A true CN112273174A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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| CN201910666736.5A Pending CN112273174A (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Water-saving high-yield planting technology for corn |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102742445A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 高荣 | Two-line synchronous corn-culturing method with wide-narrow hill spacings at ridge sides |
| CN102783351A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-11-21 | 于占清 | Method for planting multiple corn plants on double-ridge edges |
| CN105325136A (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2016-02-17 | 李振明 | One-empty-in-two-ridge corn planting method |
-
2019
- 2019-07-23 CN CN201910666736.5A patent/CN112273174A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102742445A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 高荣 | Two-line synchronous corn-culturing method with wide-narrow hill spacings at ridge sides |
| CN102783351A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-11-21 | 于占清 | Method for planting multiple corn plants on double-ridge edges |
| CN105325136A (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2016-02-17 | 李振明 | One-empty-in-two-ridge corn planting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "玉米并垄宽窄行膜下滴灌高产栽培技术" * |
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