CN112271904A - Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device - Google Patents

Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112271904A
CN112271904A CN202011129093.XA CN202011129093A CN112271904A CN 112271904 A CN112271904 A CN 112271904A CN 202011129093 A CN202011129093 A CN 202011129093A CN 112271904 A CN112271904 A CN 112271904A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
stator
rotor
control device
descent control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011129093.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王大志
孔德善
刘震
李汶浍
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northeastern University China
Original Assignee
Northeastern University China
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northeastern University China filed Critical Northeastern University China
Priority to CN202011129093.XA priority Critical patent/CN112271904A/en
Publication of CN112271904A publication Critical patent/CN112271904A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/106Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with a radial air gap
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)

Abstract

The air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device comprises a base, a shell, a grading retarding device and a speed increasing device; the grading speed slowing device and the speed increasing device are arranged in cavities of the base and the shell, the grading speed slowing device comprises a conductor rotor, a permanent magnet stator and a rotor driven shaft, the permanent magnet stator is divided into four parts equally according to the circumference, each part is an independent permanent magnet stator sliding block, the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks are connected with stator sliding grooves arranged on a stator shaft, the stator shaft is fixed on the shell, and permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks; the speed increasing device comprises a driving gear, a driven gear, a rope rotating wheel and a rotor main shaft, wherein the driven gear is fixed on the rotor driven shaft, and the driving gear and the rope rotating wheel are fixed on the rotor main shaft. The permanent magnet stator adopts the slide block arrangement to achieve the purpose of descending by pressing down the number of people for graded braking, has compact structure, stable magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet-conductor coupling structure for braking, difficult failure, no physical friction loss, high reliability, strong applicability and convenient use.

Description

Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a high-rise building escape device, and particularly relates to an air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy descent control device.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, high-rise buildings are gradually increased, and when disasters such as fire disasters or earthquakes happen to high floors, the high-rise escape device can help trapped people to rapidly escape, so that the high-rise escape device is widely popularized. At present, the high-rise building escape device is of a centrifugal friction type, an intermittent impact type and a hydraulic damping type, but the existing escape device still has defects in the aspects of falling process stability, equipment failure rate and the like.
In part 1 of the national mandatory Standard building fire escape and refuge apparatus: in the allocation guide, the escape descent control device is required to be allocated with 20 persons/set on a floor of no more than 15 meters; therefore, the descent control device needs to be repeatedly used for multiple times or simultaneously bears multiple people for use, the existing descent control device cannot select the escape people in stages, and the rope withdrawing process needs to overcome the working of the speed control mechanism, so that the repeated use efficiency of the descent control device is greatly reduced.
In part 2 of the national mandatory standard, a descent test after high-temperature treatment requires two continuous descent tests at 50 +/-2 ℃, and a reliability test requires 100 continuous descent tests at maximum load; the overall performance of the descent control device is required to be higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device, which solves the problems that the existing descent control device is fixed in bearing quality and cannot be regulated in a grading manner.
The invention also aims to solve the problem that the existing descent control device is slow in rope take-up and needs to work slowly in the process.
The invention also aims to solve the problems of high failure rate and unstable speed in the descending process of the conventional descent control device.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device comprises a base 10, a shell 14, a grading retarding device and a speed increasing device; the base 10 is provided with two rotating shaft holes for fixing the rotor main shaft 7 and the rotor driven shaft 4, the front surface of the shell 14 is provided with a fan-shaped vent hole for dissipating heat generated by the descent control device, the top of the shell 14 is provided with an upper air inlet hole 21, the side surface is provided with a side air inlet hole 22, and the bottom is provided with a rope passing hole 17; the grading speed retarding device and the speed increasing device are arranged in cavities of the base 10 and the shell 14 and are fixed on the base 10, the grading speed retarding device comprises a conductor rotor sleeve, a grading permanent magnet stator and a rotor driven shaft 4, the grading permanent magnet stator is cylindrical, the grading permanent magnet stator is divided into four parts according to the circumference, each part is an independent permanent magnet stator sliding block 13, the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13 are connected with stator sliding grooves 20 arranged on a stator shaft 19, the stator shaft 19 is fixed on the shell 14, permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13, and the poles of the permanent magnets N, S are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction; the conductor rotor sleeve is hollow cylinder, the cylinder is fixed with the rotor from the shaft 4 through the connecting shaft fan blades 24, the inner wall of the conductor rotor sleeve is made of copper, and the outer wall of the conductor rotor sleeve is made of iron; the rotor shaft 4 and the stator shaft 19 are concentrically arranged, and an air gap exists between a rotor conductor and the stator permanent magnet 12; the speed increasing device comprises a driving gear 6, a driven gear 5, a rope rotating wheel 8 and a rotor spindle 7, wherein the driven gear 5 is fixed on the rotor driven shaft 4, and the driving gear 6 and the rope rotating wheel 8 are fixed on the rotor spindle 7.
The stator permanent magnet 12 is rectangular in shape; and radial magnetization is performed, the number of the permanent magnets is even, and the planning directions of the adjacent permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet 12 are opposite.
The rope rotating wheel 8 is connected with the rotor spindle 7 through a sliding bearing 15, and the rotor spindle 7 is fixed on the base 10.
The stator sliding groove 20 is inverted trapezoid, the inverted trapezoid push rod 2 is embedded into the sliding groove and can slide freely, and the inverted trapezoid sliding groove can prevent the permanent magnet stator sliding block 13 from sliding out of the stator shaft 19.
The conductor rotor sleeve connecting shaft fan blade 24 and the rotor back iron 1 are made of the same material and are integrally connected with the rotor driven shaft 4 through the bearing 3.
The rotor back iron 1 is made of a material with high magnetic permeability and low electrical conductivity; the rotor copper ring 11 is made of a high conductivity material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the permanent magnet stator slide block 13 realizes the grading adjustment of the permanent magnet descent control device, and the application range of the descent control device is expanded; the braking torque mode is generated by adopting the permanent magnet coupling mode, so that the constant descending speed process is stable, and the stability of the descending process is improved; the heat dissipation effect of the rotor copper ring 11 is increased through the rotation of the connecting shaft fan blades 24, the heat dissipation efficiency is accelerated, and the working time of the descent control device can be prolonged; by drawing the permanent magnet stator slide block 13 away from the conductor rotor sleeve, the slow coupling effect in the process of withdrawing the descending rope is avoided, the rope withdrawing time is shortened, and the use efficiency of the descent control device is improved; the non-contact torque transmission is realized in a magnetic field coupling mode, the physical abrasion among devices is reduced, and the reliability of equipment is improved; the invention has the advantages that the safe, reliable and stable operation of the escape descent control device can be ensured.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the stepped drum type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3.
Figure 5 is an isometric view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the conductor rotor sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the stepped modulated permanent magnet stator structure of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-rotor back iron, 2-push rod, 3-bearing, 4-rotor driven shaft, 5-driven gear, 6-driving gear, 7-rotor main shaft, 8-rope runner, 9-rope limiting stop lever, 10-base, 11-rotor copper ring, 12-stator permanent magnet, 13-permanent magnet stator slide block, 14-shell, 15-sliding bearing, 16-heat dissipation hole, 17-rope passing hole, 18-descending rope, 19-stator shaft, 20-stator chute, 21-upper air inlet hole, 22-side air inlet hole, 23-fixing hole and 24-connecting shaft fan blade.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings
The invention relates to a graded cylindrical permanent magnet eddy current descent control device, which adopts a braking descent control device formed by a permanent magnet and a conductor to replace the traditional friction mechanism descent control device.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a stepped drum coupling mechanism, which includes a housing 14, a bottom plate 10, a stepped retarding device and a speed increasing device; the casing 14 covers the bottom plate 10, and the graded speed reducing device and the speed increasing device are arranged in a cavity formed by the casing 14 and the bottom plate 10; the front surface of the shell 14 is provided with a fan-shaped heat dissipation hole 16, the top of the shell is provided with an upper air inlet hole 21, and the side surface of the shell is provided with a side air inlet hole 22.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the speed increasing device mainly comprises a speed increasing device and a grading speed reducing device, wherein the speed increasing device comprises a driving gear 6, a rotor main shaft 7, a rope rotating wheel 8, a rope limiting stop lever 9, a driven gear 5 and a rotor driven shaft 4; the rotor spindle 7 and the rotor driven shaft 4 are fixed in limiting holes in the base 10, the rope rotating wheel 8 and the driving gear are concentric integral pieces and are connected with the rotor spindle 7 through a sliding bearing 15, the driven gear 5 and the conductor rotor sleeve are coaxial integral pieces and are connected with the rotor driven shaft 4 through a bearing 3, an air gap is formed between the driven gear 5 and the rotor driven shaft 4, the rope rotating wheel 8 is driven to rotate by the descending rope 18, and the speed of the conductor rotor sleeve is increased through the gear meshing rotation of the driving gear 6 and the driven gear 5; the grading speed slowing device comprises a conductor rotor sleeve and a grading permanent magnet stator, the conductor rotor sleeve and the grading permanent magnet stator are concentric circles, the conductor rotor sleeve surrounds the periphery of the grading permanent magnet stator, and the outer edge of the grading permanent magnet stator is provided with a rectangular stator permanent magnet 12; the diameter of the inner edge of the conductor rotor sleeve is larger than that of the outer edge of the grading permanent magnet stator, a gap is formed between the rotor copper ring 11 and the stator permanent magnet 12, and the stator permanent magnet 12 is not in contact with the rotor copper ring 11; the hub of the conductor rotor sleeve is made into a fan blade shape, and when the conductor rotor sleeve rotates, the connecting shaft fan blade 24 is driven to rotate, so that the working temperature of the descent control device is reduced, and the working time of the descent control device is prolonged; a gap is arranged between the grading retarding device and the accelerating device, so that cold air can conveniently enter the connecting shaft fan blades 24.
As shown in fig. 6, it is a conductor rotor sleeve, and mainly includes rotor back iron 1, rotor copper ring 11, connecting shaft fan blade 24, bearing 3, connecting shaft fan blade 24, rotor back iron 1, rotor copper ring 11 and driven gear 5 are an integral component, and the conductor rotor sleeve is connected with rotor from shaft 4 through bearing 3.
As shown in fig. 7, it is a hierarchical permanent magnet stator structure, mainly comprising a stator permanent magnet 12, a permanent magnet stator slider 13, a stator shaft 19, a push rod 2 and a stator chute 20; the grading permanent magnet stator is equally divided into four parts of permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13 along the circumference, the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13 are connected with the push rod 2, the push rod 2 can slide in the stator sliding groove 20 along the axial direction, and the effective coupling area of the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13 is manually adjusted through the push rod 2 so as to adjust the gears; the permanent magnet rotor is provided with a permanent magnet mounting groove, and the permanent magnet is mounted in the groove; the stator sliding groove 20 is inverted trapezoid, the inverted trapezoid push rod 2 is embedded into the sliding groove and can slide freely, and the inverted trapezoid sliding groove can prevent the permanent magnet stator sliding block 13 from sliding out of the stator shaft 19.
When an emergency disaster occurs and escape is needed, escape personnel can select the gear of the descent control device by adjusting the push rods 2 according to the number of descending personnel, each permanent magnet stator slide block 13 corresponds to fixed mass, and the escape personnel selectively push the corresponding permanent magnet stator slide block 13 according to the mass of the descending personnel; the four permanent magnet stator sliding blocks 13 are simultaneously pushed into the conductor rotor sleeve, so that the maximum quality of the descender can be borne; the descending speed of descending personnel is transmitted to the rotor from the shaft gear through the speed increasing device to drive the conductor rotor to rotate, the conductor cuts magnetic lines generated by the stator permanent magnet 12, so that induced eddy currents are generated in the rotor copper ring 11, the induced eddy currents generate an induced magnetic field, the induced magnetic field and the original magnetic field of the stator permanent magnet 12 act to generate torque to prevent relative movement between the induced magnetic field and the stator permanent magnet 12, and therefore torque transmission between the rotor conductor and the stator permanent magnet 12 is achieved, and the purposes of speed reduction and vibration isolation are achieved; when the rotation difference of the rotor from the shaft 4 and the stator permanent magnet 12 is increased to a design value, the braking force is balanced with the gravity of a person, and the descending person descends to the ground at a constant speed; because the permanent magnet and the conductor are coupled to generate the braking torque, the braking torque is proportional to the slip of the conductor rotor sleeve and the graded permanent magnet stator, when the braking torque is equal to the mass of descending personnel, the slip is constant, namely the descending speed is constant, so that the descending process is stable and smooth; the gravitational potential energy of the descending personnel is converted into the heat energy of the rotor copper ring 11 in the descending process, and the heat energy is dissipated through air through the rotation of the connecting shaft fan blades 24 on the conductor rotor sleeve.
When the descent rope 18 needs to be retracted for secondary escape, the escape personnel can adjust the position of the permanent magnet stator slide block 13 to draw the permanent magnet stator slide block 13 away from the conductor rotor sleeve, at the moment, the rope retracting mode is adopted, the rotor copper ring 11 and the stator permanent magnet 12 have no coupling effect, no braking torque is generated, the retraction speed of the descent rope 18 can be shortened, the use efficiency of the descent control device is improved, and the number of escape people in a fixed time is increased.
The diameter of the inner edge of a conductor rotor sleeve is larger than the diameter of the outer edge of a graded permanent magnet stator, a gap is arranged between a rotor copper ring 11 and a stator permanent magnet 12, and the stator permanent magnet 12 and the rotor copper ring 11 are not contacted with each other; the friction-free descending of the descent control device is realized, the mechanical loss of the descent control device is avoided, and the service life of the descent control device is prolonged; because a gap is arranged between the rotor copper ring 11 and the stator permanent magnet 12, the descent control device can still stably work after being impregnated by liquid, and the application range of the descent control device is widened.
The invention can manufacture and use the descent control devices with different descending weight grades by adjusting the materials and the sizes of the permanent magnet and the rotor conductor.
The invention is used specifically in the way that
When the descent control device is fixedly used, the descent control device is installed at fixed positions such as a wall through a fixed hole of a base, one end of a descent rope 18 is fixed on the body of a descending person through a safety belt, the descending person drives a driving gear 6 to rotate under the action of self gravity, power is transmitted to a conductor rotor through a speed increasing device, so that a rotor copper ring 11 rotates at a high speed, the rotor copper ring 11 cuts magnetic lines generated by a stator permanent magnet 12, induced eddy currents are generated in the rotor copper ring 11 and generate induced magnetic fields, the induced magnetic fields and the original magnetic fields act to generate magnetic field force, the magnetic field force can be known to block the conductor rotor from the electromagnetic induction law and provide braking torque to prevent relative motion between the rotor copper ring and the stator permanent magnet 12, and the purposes of speed reduction and vibration isolation are achieved; when the descending speed of the descending personnel is increased to a design value, the braking torque is balanced with the gravity of the descending personnel, and the descending personnel descend the ground at a constant speed; the gravitational potential energy of the descending personnel is converted into the heat energy of the rotor copper ring 11, and the heat energy is rapidly dissipated into the air through the connecting shaft fan blades 24 on the conductor rotor; the descent control device can select four gears according to the number of descending personnel, when the first descending personnel descend to the ground, the permanent magnet stator slide block 13 can be pulled to the outermost side of the stator slide groove 20, the descending rope can be conveniently retracted, and the blocking effect of the descent control device in the retracting process is avoided; personnel are fixed to the rings of the descent control device through the safety belts, and the rest of the working processes are the same as those of the descent control device in the fixed use process.

Claims (6)

1. An air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device comprises a base, a shell, a grading retarding device and a speed increasing device; the grading retarding device is characterized by comprising a conductor rotor, a permanent magnet stator and a rotor driven shaft, wherein the permanent magnet stator is divided into four parts according to the circumference, each part is an independent permanent magnet stator sliding block, the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks are connected with stator sliding grooves arranged on the stator shaft, the stator shaft is fixed on a shell, and permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the permanent magnet stator sliding blocks.
2. The air-cooled stepped-drum permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 1, wherein the speed increasing device comprises a driving gear, a driven gear, a rope pulley and a rotor spindle, the driven gear is fixed to the rotor driven shaft, and the driving gear and the rope pulley are fixed to the rotor spindle.
3. The air-cooled hierarchical cylinder permanent magnetism vortex descent control device of claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnetism stator spout 20 of hierarchical descent control device is the trapezoidal form that falls, and the trapezoidal push rod 2 that falls imbeds in the spout, can freely slide, and the trapezoidal spout that falls can prevent permanent magnetism stator slider roll-off stator axle 19.
4. The air-cooled hierarchical cylinder permanent magnetism vortex descent control device of claim 1, characterized in that hierarchical retarder further includes linking flabellum, conductor rotor linking flabellum 24 and rotor back iron 1 are integrated into one piece with the material, link flabellum 24 center is circular and rotor from axle 4 fixed connection.
5. The air-cooled stepped drum type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 1, wherein the link blades are driven by the rotor to rotate synchronously from the shaft.
6. The air-cooled stepped-drum permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 2, wherein the rope pulley 8 is rigidly connected to the driving gear concentrically and is connected to the rotor spindle through a sliding bearing, and the rotor spindle is fixed to the base.
CN202011129093.XA 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device Pending CN112271904A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011129093.XA CN112271904A (en) 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011129093.XA CN112271904A (en) 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112271904A true CN112271904A (en) 2021-01-26

Family

ID=74341184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011129093.XA Pending CN112271904A (en) 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112271904A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102247663B (en) Self-cooled high-rise building escape descent control device
JP2015122952A (en) Improvements in and relating to braking mechanisms
CN101961531A (en) Controllable permanent magnet eddy escape device
CN110784091A (en) Permanent magnet eddy descent control device
CN112271904A (en) Air-cooled grading cylinder type permanent magnet eddy current descent control device
CN101143247A (en) Wire rope slow drop-down apparatus
CN102500070A (en) Magnetic brake descent control device
CN110589700B (en) Safe quick-falling device
CN207053314U (en) A kind of novel conical rotor braking motor
CN102008788A (en) Decent control device
CN101085398A (en) Slowly lowering machine
CN110380570B (en) Direct driving device for oil pumping unit
CN206290630U (en) A kind of drum brake
CN109316670B (en) Permanent magnet variable magnetic field variable area magnetorheological fluid safe landing device
US2764721A (en) Electromagneto energy conversion
CN108607169B (en) Centrifugal high-rise escape device and working method thereof
CN203724656U (en) Recyclable tower escape descent control device
CN210150548U (en) Traction machine
CN111111027A (en) Permanent magnet type high-altitude slow-descending escape device
CN106334278B (en) High-rise escape device and backpack using same
CA1207676A (en) Hoisting machine for elevators
CN212439742U (en) Magnetic resistance type inching descent control device for fire scene escape
CN219323801U (en) Permanent magnet vortex slow-descent device
CN110420399A (en) High-rise building escape apparatus
CN216763962U (en) Permanent-magnet safety retarding device for elevator

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination