CN110784091A - Permanent magnet eddy descent control device - Google Patents
Permanent magnet eddy descent control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110784091A CN110784091A CN201911066277.3A CN201911066277A CN110784091A CN 110784091 A CN110784091 A CN 110784091A CN 201911066277 A CN201911066277 A CN 201911066277A CN 110784091 A CN110784091 A CN 110784091A
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- main shaft
- disc
- end cover
- magnet
- conductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a permanent magnetism vortex slow descending device, including the shell that divide into two spaces, two spaces that rotatable main shaft runs through, in a space, install the rope sheave through slide bearing on the main shaft, the rope sheave is as planet carrier and planet wheel, sun gear and outer ring gear constitute acceleration mechanism jointly, wherein the sun gear is fixed in on the main shaft, install the braking in another space and slowly fall the mechanism, the braking slowly falls the mechanism including the magnet dish that sets gradually, conductor dish and outer steel disc, the magnet dish passes through slide bearing and installs on the main shaft, conductor dish and outer steel disc are fixed on the main shaft, there is certain air gap between conductor dish and the magnet dish, evenly fix a plurality of permanent magnets along the circumferencial direction on the terminal surface of magnet dish. One end of the steel wire rope is connected with a person, the other end of the steel wire rope is a free end, and the steel wire rope bypasses the rope wheel and the pressing wheel and drives the rope wheel to rotate through friction force under the action of the gravity of the person. The invention realizes the stable and slow descending of personnel, has high safety and reliability, good heat dissipation and can be repeatedly used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high-rise escape equipment, in particular to a permanent magnet eddy descent control device.
Background
Along with the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process in China, high-rise buildings are increased continuously, various high-rise disaster accidents frequently occur, and the research and development of the high-rise escape device are necessary for guaranteeing the life safety of people.
At present, the escape descent control device for the building mainly has the following types:
(1) centrifugal friction type: the centrifugal friction mechanism controls the descending speed of people to be uniform, and the descent control device has the main defects that: the heating is large, the repeated use times are few, the water and oil soaking are easy to lose effectiveness, and the safety is reduced after the damp aging.
(2) Intermittent impact type: the descent control device using the escapement to control the speed also has certain application, and the main disadvantages of the descent control device are that the operation is difficult, the safety of the rope and the escapement is low due to the impact load, and the like.
(3) The hydraulic damping formula: the potential energy of people is converted into liquid heat energy through liquid flowing damping to reduce the descending speed, and the descent control device has the main defects of high temperature rise and volatile effect, less repeated use times, easy liquid leakage and the like.
In the 2 nd part of the national mandatory standard 'equipment for escaping and refuge from building fire': in the escape descent control device, the high-temperature test requires that two descent tests are completed at 50 ℃, and the reliability test requires that 100 descent tests are continuously performed. These tests put higher demands on the performance of the descent control device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of large heat generation, high failure rate and the like of the descent control device in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the permanent magnet eddy current descent control device which is compact in structure, high in reliability, waterproof, corrosion-resistant, reusable, excellent in heat dissipation performance and good in working stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a permanent magnetism vortex descent control device, is including the shell that divide into two spaces, rotatable main shaft 5 runs through two spaces, in a space, install rope sheave 7 through slide bearing on main shaft 5, rope sheave 7 constitutes acceleration mechanism jointly as planet carrier and planet wheel 9, sun gear 10 and outer ring gear 11, wherein sun gear 10 is fixed in on main shaft 5, installs braking in another space and slowly falls the mechanism, braking slowly falls the mechanism and includes magnet dish 12, conductor dish 14 and the outer steel dish 15 that sets gradually, and magnet dish 12 passes through slide bearing and installs on main shaft 5, and conductor dish 14 and outer steel dish 15 are fixed on main shaft 5, have certain air gap between conductor dish 14 and the magnet dish 12, evenly fixes a plurality of permanent magnets 13 along the circumferencial direction on the terminal surface of magnet dish 12.
The shell includes left end lid 1, well end cover 2, right-hand member lid 3 and a plurality of link 4, and adjacent end cover passes through link 4 by bolt fixed connection, and well end cover 2 divide into the shell two spaces, the cross-section in two spaces is circular, and there is suspension hole 2 tops of well end cover for the fixed ware that slowly falls, three end cover centre bore is at same axis, through slide bearing and 5 cooperations of main shaft, and main shaft 5 is supported by three end cover to carry out axial positioning through shoulder and axle sleeve, the end cover can rotate relatively.
Rope sheave 7 passes through the slide bearing cooperation on 1 right side main shaft 5 of left end lid and concentric with main shaft 5, and rope sheave 7 right side is along the one end of a plurality of spliced poles 8 of circumferencial direction fixed connection, and the other end of spliced pole 8 cooperates through the slide bearing with planet wheel 9, and outer ring gear 11 is fixed in well end lid 2 left side, and sun gear 10 is fixed to main shaft 5 through the key, and planet wheel 9 meshes with sun gear 10 and outer ring gear 11 respectively, and sun gear 10, planet wheel 9, outer ring gear 11's axial position is the same.
The magnetic disc 12 is fixed on the right side of the middle end cover 2 through bolt connection, the permanent magnet 13 is fixed in a groove of the magnetic disc 12, and a sliding bearing for placing the spindle 5 is installed at the center hole of the middle end cover 2 and the magnetic disc 12.
The conductor disc 14 is located on the right side of the magnet disc 12, the outer steel disc 15 is located on the right side of the conductor disc 14, fan blades 16 are fixed on the right side of the outer steel disc 15 to achieve rapid air flow so that heat of the conductor disc 14 can be dissipated rapidly, and the magnet disc 12, the middle end cover 2, the right end cover 3, the conductor disc 14 and the outer steel disc 15 jointly form a braking descent control mechanism.
And taking the central connecting line of the middle end cover 2 and the right end cover 3 as an axis, and symmetrically arranging another group of outer steel discs 15, conductor discs 14 and magnet discs 12 with the magnet discs 12, the conductor discs 14 and the outer steel discs 15, wherein the other group of the conductor discs 14 and the outer steel discs 15 are still fixed to the main shaft 5 through keys, and the other group of the magnet discs 12 is fixed to the right end cover 3 and is connected with the main shaft 5 through sliding bearings.
The permanent magnets 13 are in a sector ring shape, are axially magnetized, and are even in number, and the magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 13 in the magnet disc 12 are opposite.
Said outer steel disc 15 is made of a ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability and low electric conductivity, preferably with a relative magnetic permeability greater than 4000 and an electric conductivity less than 1 x 10
7And S/m. The conductor disc 14 is made of a high conductivity material, preferably with a conductivity greater than 5 x 10
7S/m。
The speed increasing proportion of the speed increasing mechanism is less than 4: 1.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the power is transmitted in a non-contact mode, so that the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the reliability and the safety are improved; because friction is not needed to provide braking force, the brake can still work normally after being wetted with water and oil; the fan blades rotate to accelerate air circulation, so that the heat dissipation speed is high, and the repeated use times are high. Compared with the traditional descent control device, the descent control device has the advantages of being greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a permanent magnet eddy current descent control device, which adopts a braking descent control mechanism consisting of a permanent magnet and a conductor to replace a traditional centrifugal friction mechanism, an escapement mechanism and a hydraulic damping mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the descent control device mainly comprises a housing, the cross section of the housing can be circular, the housing mainly comprises a left end cover 1, a middle end cover 2, a right end cover 3 and a connecting frame 4, the connecting frame 4 is in an i-shaped structure, bolt holes are formed in the edge of each end cover in the circumferential direction, the connecting frame 4 is fixedly connected with each end cover through bolts, the middle end cover 2 is arranged between the left end cover 1 and the right end cover 3 and divides the whole housing into two spaces, and a hanging hole is formed above the middle end cover 2 and used for fixing the descent control device. The central holes of the three end covers are arranged on the same axis and are matched with the main shaft 5 through sliding bearings, the main shaft 5 penetrates through the two spaces, is supported by the three end covers, is axially positioned through a shaft shoulder and a shaft sleeve and can rotate relative to the end covers.
In a space formed by the left end cover 1 and the middle end cover 2, a rope pulley 7 concentric with the main shaft 5 is installed on the main shaft 5 on the right side of the left end cover 1 through a sliding bearing 6, the right side of the rope pulley 7 is fixedly connected with one end of a plurality of connecting columns 8 along the circumferential direction, the other ends of the connecting columns 8 are matched with the planet wheels 9 through the sliding bearing, and the connecting columns 8 and the planet wheels 9 can rotate relatively; the planet wheel 9 is respectively meshed with an outer gear ring 11 and a sun wheel 10, wherein the sun wheel 10 is fixed to the main shaft 5 through a key, the outer gear ring 11 is fixed to the left side of the middle end cover 2 through a bolt, and the planet wheel 9, the outer gear ring 11 and the sun wheel 10 are arranged at the same axial position of the main shaft 5. In this space, the sheave 7, as a planetary carrier, constitutes a speed increasing mechanism together with the planetary gear 9, the sun gear 10, and the outer ring gear 11, and increases the rotation speed of the main shaft 5 and reduces the torque, and generally, the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing mechanism is less than 4: 1.
and a braking slow descending mechanism is arranged in a space formed by the middle end cover 2 and the right end cover 3, and comprises a magnet disc 12, a conductor disc 14 and an outer steel disc 15 which are arranged from left to right. The sliding bearing used for placing the spindle 5 is installed at the center hole of the middle end cover 2 and the magnet disc 12, the magnet disc 12 is fixed on the right side of the middle end cover 2 through bolts, a plurality of grooves evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the end face of the magnet disc 12, and a permanent magnet 13 is installed and fixed in each groove. The magnetic disc 12 is installed on the main shaft 5 through a sliding bearing, the conductor disc 14 and the corresponding outer steel disc 15 are fixed on the main shaft 5 on the right side of the magnetic disc 12 through keys, an air gap exists between the magnetic disc 12 and the conductor disc 14, and the fan blades 16 are fixed on the right side of the outer steel disc 15 to realize rapid air flow so that the heat of the conductor disc 14 is rapidly dissipated.
Wherein the outer steel disc 15 is made of a ferromagnetic material with a high magnetic permeability and a low electrical conductivity, for example, a relative magnetic permeability of more than 4000 and an electrical conductivity of less than 1 x 10
7And S/m. The conductor disc 14 is made of a material with high electrical conductivity, e.g. high electrical conductivityAt 5X 10
7S/m。
The permanent magnets 13 can be in a fan-shaped ring shape, the number of the permanent magnets is even, and the magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 13 in the magnet disc 12 are opposite. Magnetic force lines pass through the air gap and the conductor disc 14 in sequence from the magnetic pole at one side of the permanent magnet 13, return through the outer steel disc 15, pass through the conductor disc 14 and the air gap again, return to the magnetic pole of the adjacent permanent magnet 13 and pass through the middle end cover 2 to form a closed magnetic loop.
The gravity of a person transmits power to the main shaft 5 through the speed increasing mechanism to drive the conductor disc 14 to rotate and cut magnetic lines of force, so that induced eddy current is generated, the induced eddy current is acted by ampere force in a magnetic field, the ampere force provides braking force according to Lenz's law, when the rotating speed of the main shaft 5 is increased to a designed value, the braking force provided by the ampere force is balanced with the gravity of the person, and the person gradually descends at the constant speed; during descent, the gravitational potential energy of the person is converted into heat energy of the conductor disc 14, and the heat energy is rapidly dissipated into the air through the rotation of the fan blades 16.
When the braking slow descending mechanism does not work, the magnet disc 12 and the outer steel disc 15 on the side of the conductor disc 14 are mutually attracted to form axial attraction force, when the braking slow descending mechanism works, the permanent magnet 13 and the induced eddy current form huge axial repulsion force, in order to balance the axial force, the central lines of the middle end cover 2 and the right end cover 3 are taken as shafts, the other group of outer steel disc 15, the conductor disc 14 and the magnet disc 12 are symmetrically arranged, the other group of conductor disc 14 and the outer steel disc 15 are still fixed to the spindle 5 through keys, and the other group of magnet disc 12 is fixed to the right end cover 3 and is connected with the spindle 5 through a sliding bearing. At this moment, the two groups of magnet discs 12, the conductor discs 14 and the outer steel disc 15 jointly form a braking slow descending mechanism, the gravity of staff is balanced, the constant-speed slow descending is realized, the safety of the staff is ensured, meanwhile, the two pinch rollers 17 can be utilized to compress the steel wire rope 18, and friction force is provided to avoid the steel wire rope 18 from slipping.
The specific use mode of the invention is as follows:
when the descent control device is fixedly used, the descent control device is connected to a wall and other fixed positions through a hanging ring, one end of a steel wire rope 18 is fixed to the body of a person through a safety belt, the other end of the steel wire rope naturally hangs down, the steel wire rope 18 bypasses a rope pulley 7 and a pressing wheel 17, the gravity of the person provides descending power, the power is transmitted to the main shaft 5 through the speed raising device, and the guide disc 14 and the outer steel disc 15 are driven to rotate; the conductor disc 14 cuts the magnetic force line of the permanent magnet 13, so that induced eddy current is generated in the conductor disc 14 and ampere force is generated, the conductor disc is prevented from rotating by the ampere force which provides braking torque according to Lenz's law, when the rotating speed of the main shaft is increased to a designed value, the braking torque is balanced with the gravity of a person, and the person gradually descends at the constant speed; during descent, the gravitational potential energy of the person is converted into heat energy of the conductor disc 14, and the heat energy is rapidly dissipated into the air through the rotation of the fan blades 16. When the descent control device is used in a follow-up mode, one end of the steel wire rope 18 is fixed to a wall or other fixed positions, the other end of the steel wire rope naturally hangs down, a person is fixed to a hanging ring of the descent control device through a safety belt, and the rest working processes are the same as those of the descent control device when the descent control device is fixedly used.
Claims (9)
1. A permanent magnet eddy current descent control device comprises a shell divided into two spaces, and is characterized in that a rotatable main shaft (5) penetrates through the two spaces, in one space, a rope pulley (7) is arranged on the main shaft (5) through a sliding bearing, the rope pulley (7) is used as a planet carrier and forms a speed increasing mechanism together with a planet gear (9), a sun gear (10) and an outer gear ring (11), wherein the sun gear (10) is fixed on the main shaft (5), a braking slow descending mechanism is arranged in the other space, braking mechanism slowly falls including magnet dish (12), conductor dish (14) and outer steel disc (15) that set gradually, and magnet dish (12) are installed on main shaft (5) through slide bearing, and conductor dish (14) and outer steel disc (15) are fixed on main shaft (5), have certain air gap between conductor dish (14) and magnet dish (12), evenly fix a plurality of permanent magnets (13) along the circumferencial direction on the terminal surface of magnet dish (12).
2. The permanent magnet eddy descent control device according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a left end cover (1), a middle end cover (2), a right end cover (3) and a plurality of connecting frames (4), adjacent end covers are fixedly connected through the connecting frames (4) by bolts, the housing is divided into two spaces by the middle end cover (2), the cross sections of the two spaces are circular, a suspension hole is formed above the middle end cover (2) and used for fixing the descent control device, three end cover center holes are arranged on the same axis and matched with the main shaft (5) through sliding bearings, the main shaft (5) is supported by three end covers and is axially positioned through a shaft shoulder and a shaft sleeve, and the main shaft can rotate relative to the end covers.
3. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 2, wherein the rope pulley (7) is matched with the main shaft (5) on the right side of the left end cover (1) through a sliding bearing and is concentric with the main shaft (5), the right side of the rope pulley (7) is fixedly connected with one end of a plurality of connecting columns (8) in the circumferential direction, the other ends of the connecting columns (8) are matched with the planet wheels (9) through the sliding bearing, the outer gear ring (11) is fixed on the left side of the middle end cover (2), the sun wheel (10) is fixed on the main shaft (5) through a key, the planet wheels (9) are respectively meshed with the sun wheel (10) and the outer gear ring (11), and the axial positions of the sun wheel (10), the planet wheels (9) and the outer gear.
4. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the magnet disc (12) is fixed on the right side of the middle end cover (2) through bolt connection, the permanent magnet (13) is fixed in a groove of the magnet disc (12), and a sliding bearing for placing the main shaft (5) is arranged at the central hole of the middle end cover (2) and the magnet disc (12).
5. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the conductor disc (14) is located on the right side of the magnet disc (12), the outer steel disc (15) is located on the right side of the conductor disc (14), fan blades (16) are fixed on the right side of the outer steel disc (15) to realize rapid air flow so that heat of the conductor disc (14) can be dissipated rapidly, and the magnet disc (12), the middle end cover (2), the right end cover (3), the conductor disc (14) and the outer steel disc (15) jointly form a braking descent control mechanism.
6. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 5, wherein a central connecting line of the middle end cover (2) and the right end cover (3) is taken as a shaft, another group of the outer steel plate (15), the conductor plate (14) and the magnet plate (12) are symmetrically arranged with the magnet plate (12), the conductor plate (14) and the outer steel plate (15), the other group of the conductor plate (14) and the outer steel plate (15) are still fixed to the main shaft (5) through keys, and the other group of the magnet plate (12) is fixed to the right end cover (3) and is connected with the main shaft (5) through a sliding bearing.
7. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the permanent magnets (13) are in a fan-shaped ring shape, are axially magnetized, and are even in number, and the magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets (13) in the magnet disc (12) are opposite.
8. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 6, wherein the outer steel disc (15) is formed by a material having a relative permeability of more than 4000 and an electrical conductivity of less than 1 x 10
7S/m of a ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability and low electrical conductivity, the conductor disc (14) being made of a ferromagnetic material with an electrical conductivity greater than 5 x 10
7S/m high conductivity material.
9. The permanent magnet eddy current descent control device according to claim 1, wherein the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing mechanism is less than 4: 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911066277.3A CN110784091A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Permanent magnet eddy descent control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911066277.3A CN110784091A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Permanent magnet eddy descent control device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110784091A true CN110784091A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911066277.3A Pending CN110784091A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Permanent magnet eddy descent control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110784091A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111569282A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 迈格钠磁动力股份有限公司 | Portable cylindrical permanent magnet eddy current descent control device and escape method |
| CN114534125A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏朗域电力科技有限公司 | Viscous descent control device |
| CN116110621A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 清华大学 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod system and damper |
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| CN106026612A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 上海市东方海事工程技术有限公司 | Totally-closed foreign material invasion prevention torque-limited permanent magnet coupler |
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| CN101982932A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-03-02 | 南京大寰控制系统有限公司 | Disc water-cooling permanent magnet eddy current speed regulation device |
| CN101961531A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Controllable permanent magnet eddy escape device |
| CN102500070A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-20 | 青岛海丽花边织带有限公司 | Magnetic brake descent control device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111569282A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 迈格钠磁动力股份有限公司 | Portable cylindrical permanent magnet eddy current descent control device and escape method |
| CN114534125A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏朗域电力科技有限公司 | Viscous descent control device |
| CN116110621A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 清华大学 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod system and damper |
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Application publication date: 20200211 |
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