CN112271230A - Working electrode, preparation method and application thereof, and photoelectric detector - Google Patents
Working electrode, preparation method and application thereof, and photoelectric detector Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/109—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier the potential barrier being of the PN heterojunction type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y15/00—Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/302—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells pH sensitive, e.g. quinhydron, antimony or hydrogen electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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- G01N27/44717—Arrangements for investigating the separated zones, e.g. localising zones
- G01N27/44721—Arrangements for investigating the separated zones, e.g. localising zones by optical means
- G01N27/44726—Arrangements for investigating the separated zones, e.g. localising zones by optical means using specific dyes, markers or binding molecules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
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- H01L31/0272—Selenium or tellurium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a working electrode, which comprises an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction arranged on the electrode carrier; the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction can realize different photoelectric responses to optical signals with different wavelengths under the same pH condition, and can generate different photoelectric responses under the different pH conditions and the same optical signal irradiation. The working electrode, the photoelectric detector and the pH detector which are prepared based on the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction can realize optical signal detection and pH value detection. The invention also provides a preparation method of the working electrode, a photoelectric detector and a pH detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a two-dimensional nano material and the application field thereof, in particular to a working electrode, a preparation method of the working electrode, a photoelectric detector comprising the working electrode, and the application of the working electrode in pH detection and light detection.
Background
In the past two decades, breakthrough findings of two-dimensional (2D) materials, including hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), graphene, transition metal carbon disulfide (TMD), and a range of single element 2D materials, have attracted tremendous interest in worldwide research. Among them, the 2D unit materials of IV-VI group are promising materials due to their excellent electronic and photonic properties. However, currently 2D single element materials face a number of critical issues that need to be addressed, such as bulk preparation of the material and environmental stability of the material. Meanwhile, the photoelectric detector prepared at present has the defects of poor stability, narrow wave band response range, low responsivity, low response speed and the like. The adoption of new materials to overcome the above material and period disadvantages is a major task of current research.
The well-prepared 2D material provides a foundation for constructing a material based on a 2D heterostructure, the 2D heterostructure material can effectively overcome the limitation of a single element period, and various characteristics are introduced for potential multifunctional device application except photoelectric detection. Research has shown that 2D heterostructures consisting of two or more components generally have the advantages of each individual building block and also create additional unexpected physical properties that provide opportunities to overcome the limitations of single component materials, thus providing the possibility to fabricate multifunctional optoelectronic devices and further being an effective means to develop superior performance optoelectronic devices. These advantages allow the 2D heterostructure material to take full advantage of the performance of each component, and have now attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, based on the complexity of the structure and the complexity of the manufacturing process of the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction, a two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction has not been developed in the prior art, and the application of the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction is relatively lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a two-dimensional homogeneous-main-group binary heterojunction, and a preparation method thereof, and a novel two-dimensional homogeneous-main-group binary heterojunction is developed to fill the range of the existing heterojunction nano-materials.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, which comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI.
Preferably, the two-dimensional A nano material is a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet, and the B nano material is a two-dimensional selenium nanosheet.
The invention provides a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, which comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements, and the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is creatively formed by compounding nanomaterials corresponding to the IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction can realize different photoelectric responses to optical signals with different wavelengths under the same pH condition, and can generate different photoelectric responses under the different pH conditions and the same optical signal irradiation. Based on the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction of the invention, different responses are generated to different pH values and optical wavelengths, and a photoelectric detector and a pH detector can be applied to realize optical signal detection and pH value detection.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction, comprising the following steps:
providing B powder and dissolving the B powder in ammonia water to prepare a B powder-ammonia water solution;
providing a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and dissolving the two-dimensional A nanosheet material in ultrapure water to prepare a two-dimensional A nanosheet solution;
dropwise adding the B powder-ammonia water solution into the two-dimensional A nanosheet solution, transferring the mixed solution to a temperature of 30-50 ℃, stirring for 1-12 h, transferring the mixed solution to a temperature of 70-90 ℃, reacting for 1-12 h, collecting precipitate, washing and drying to obtain a two-dimensional homomain group binary heterojunction;
wherein A and B are the same main group elements, and A and B are one of IV main group, V main group or VI main group elements.
Preferably, the two-dimensional A nanosheet material is a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet, and the powder B is selenium powder;
the mass ratio of the selenium powder to the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets is 1-50: 10.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet solution, the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets are dispersed in ultrapure water by an ultrasonic treatment method;
wherein the mass of the ultrapure water is 10-1000 times of that of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the selenium powder-ammonia water solution, the mass ratio of the selenium powder to the ammonia water is 1: 0.5-20.
Preferably, the precipitate after the reaction is collected, washed by deionized water, ethanol and acetone respectively, centrifuged at 8000-10000 rpm, supernatant liquid is removed, and the precipitate is placed in a vacuum oven at 50-70 ℃ overnight to prepare the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction.
Preferably, the preparation method of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet comprises the following steps:
preparing a pre-reaction system: dissolving sodium tellurite and polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water, dispersing the sodium tellurite and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the deionized water, adding ammonia water and hydrazine hydrate into the deionized water, and stirring for 10-30 minutes while adding to prepare a pre-reaction system;
preparing a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet: and (3) placing the pre-reaction system at 130-200 ℃ for reaction for 4-24 h, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium tellurite to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1-20;
the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the hydrazine hydrate is 1-5: 1.
The preparation method of the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction provided by the invention has the advantages that the process for preparing the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is relatively simple and controllable, the requirements on experimental equipment, experimental conditions and the like are low, the yield of the prepared two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is stable, and the preparation method is suitable for expanded production and preparation.
In view of this, the invention also provides a working electrode and a preparation method of the working electrode, and also provides a photoelectric detector or a pH detector. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is arranged on the working electrode, and is applied to the working electrode of a photoelectric detector and a pH detector by generating different responses to different pH values and light wavelengths, so as to realize the detection of optical signals and the detection of pH values.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a working electrode comprising an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction disposed on the electrode carrier;
the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI.
Preferably, the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
Preferably, the electrode carrier is ITO glass.
The working electrode comprises an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction arranged on the electrode carrier. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is applied to a photoelectric detector and a working electrode of the pH detector to realize the detection of optical signals and the detection of pH values.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a working electrode, comprising the steps of:
adding the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction into a polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-100 min to form a uniform mixture;
and coating the uniform mixture on an electrode carrier, and drying to obtain the working electrode.
Preferably, the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
Preferably, the electrode carrier is ITO glass.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction to the mass of the polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution is 1: 1-100.
Preferably, after the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction is added to the polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form a uniform mixture;
the uniform mixture was then coated on an electrode support and transferred to a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ overnight to produce a working electrode.
The working electrode prepared by the preparation method of the working electrode has the advantages that functional materials are dispersed and coated uniformly, the prepared working electrode has relatively uniform efficiency, the detection effects of all detection positions (coating positions) of the working electrode are relatively consistent, and the working stability of the working electrode can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, the process of preparing the working electrode by the method is relatively simple and rapid, and large-scale preparation of the working electrode can be realized.
In a fifth aspect, the invention also provides the application of the working electrode in the fields of pH detection and light detection.
In a sixth aspect, the invention also provides a photodetector or pH detector comprising the working electrode of any one of the above.
The working electrode is applied to the pH detection field and the optical detection field, and the photoelectric detector or the pH detector comprising the working electrode generates different photoelectric responses to different pH values and optical wavelengths by means of the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, and the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is applied to the working electrodes of the photoelectric detector and the pH detector and is used for realizing the detection of optical signals and the detection of the pH value.
Advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the contents of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a representation diagram of a 2D Te @ Se based binary heterojunction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the photoelectric detection performance of a 2D Te @ Se based binary heterojunction material photodetector in an electrolyte solution having a pH value in the range of 1-14;
FIG. 3 is a test fit curve for a 2D Te @ Se based binary heterojunction material photodetector; a-b: the photoresponse behavior in the pH range of 1 to 14 of the electrolyte under simulated solar irradiation and the corresponding fitted curve. c-d: (ii) photoresponsive behavior and corresponding fitted curves in the pH range 1 to 14 of the electrolyte under 475nm wavelength illumination;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of repeated detection based on a 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material; a: the pH value is reduced from 7 to 1; b: the pH value is increased from 7 to 14; c: the pH value is increased from 1 to 14; d-e: reversibility experiment of pH detector;
FIG. 5 is a long term stability test of a photodetector based on 2DTe @ Se binary heterojunction material; a and c: the detector was run for 10,000s in different electrolytes with pH 1 and 14 after 1 month; b and d: detailed optical response behavior curves of the truncated detectors (8,000-8,500 s).
Detailed Description
While the following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, which comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements.
The invention provides a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, which comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements, and the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is creatively formed by compounding nanomaterials corresponding to the IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction can realize different photoelectric responses to optical signals with different wavelengths under the same pH condition, and can generate different photoelectric responses under the different pH conditions and the same optical signal irradiation. Based on the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction of the invention, different responses are generated to different pH values and optical wavelengths, and a photoelectric detector and a pH detector can be applied to realize optical signal detection and pH value detection.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group IV. For example, the two-dimensional nano-material can be carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group V. For example, the two-dimensional nano material can be corresponding to phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI. For example, two-dimensional nanomaterials of selenium, tellurium and polonium may be used. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional a nanomaterial is a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet, and the B nanomaterial is a two-dimensional selenium nanosheet.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction, comprising the following steps:
providing B powder and dissolving the B powder in ammonia water to prepare a B powder-ammonia water solution;
providing a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and dissolving the two-dimensional A nanosheet material in ultrapure water to prepare a two-dimensional A nanosheet solution;
dropwise adding the B powder-ammonia water solution into the two-dimensional A nanosheet solution, transferring the mixed solution to a temperature of 30-50 ℃, stirring for 1-12 h, transferring the mixed solution to a temperature of 70-90 ℃, reacting for 1-12 h, collecting precipitate, washing and drying to obtain a two-dimensional homomain group binary heterojunction;
wherein A and B are the same main group elements, and A and B are one of IV main group, V main group or VI main group elements.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group IV. For example, the two-dimensional nano-material can be carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group V. For example, the two-dimensional nano material can be corresponding to phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI. For example, two-dimensional nanomaterials of selenium, tellurium and polonium may be used. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional A nanosheet material is a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet, and the B powder is selenium powder.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the selenium powder to the mass of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets is 1-50: 10.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet solution, the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets are dispersed in ultrapure water by an ultrasonic treatment method;
wherein the mass of the ultrapure water is 10-1000 times of that of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the selenium powder-ammonia water solution, the mass ratio of the selenium powder to the ammonia water is 1: 0.5-20.
Preferably, the precipitate after the reaction is collected, washed by deionized water, ethanol and acetone respectively, centrifuged at 8000-10000 rpm, supernatant liquid is removed, and the precipitate is placed in a vacuum oven at 50-70 ℃ overnight to prepare the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction.
Preferably, the preparation method of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet comprises the following steps:
preparing a pre-reaction system: dissolving sodium tellurite and polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water, dispersing the sodium tellurite and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the deionized water, adding ammonia water and hydrazine hydrate into the deionized water, and stirring for 10-30 minutes while adding to prepare a pre-reaction system;
preparing a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet: and (3) placing the pre-reaction system at 130-200 ℃ for reaction for 4-24 h, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium tellurite to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1-20;
the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the hydrazine hydrate is 1-5: 1.
The preparation method of the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction provided by the invention has the advantages that the process for preparing the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is relatively simple and controllable, the requirements on experimental equipment, experimental conditions and the like are low, the yield of the prepared two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is stable, and the preparation method is suitable for expanded production and preparation. Currently, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), and Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) methods are commonly used in research on 2D heterogeneous nanomaterials, and there are high manufacturing costs, severe preparation conditions, and risks of easily forming undesirable byproducts. The preparation method of the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is simple to operate and mild in reaction conditions, and can realize large-scale preparation of 2D same-main-group heterogeneous nano materials. Meanwhile, the 2D binary heterojunction material-based photoelectric detector not only shows excellent photoelectric response performance, but also shows excellent pH responsiveness and long-term stability.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a working electrode, comprising an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction disposed on the electrode carrier;
the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group IV. For example, the two-dimensional nano-material can be carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group V. For example, the two-dimensional nano material can be corresponding to phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI. For example, two-dimensional nanomaterials of selenium, tellurium and polonium may be used. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional a nanosheet material is a two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet, and the B nanomaterial is a two-dimensional selenium nanomaterial.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the selenium powder to the mass of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets is 1-50: 10.
Preferably, A and B are both one of the elements of main group VI.
Preferably, the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
Preferably, the electrode carrier is ITO glass.
The working electrode comprises an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction arranged on the electrode carrier. The two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is applied to a photoelectric detector and a working electrode of the pH detector to realize the detection of optical signals and the detection of pH values.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a working electrode, comprising the steps of:
adding the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction into a polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-100 min to form a uniform mixture;
and coating the uniform mixture on an electrode carrier, and drying to obtain the working electrode.
Preferably, the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
Preferably, the electrode carrier is ITO glass.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction to the mass of the polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution is 1: 1-100.
Preferably, after the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction is added to the polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form a uniform mixture;
the uniform mixture was then coated on an electrode support and transferred to a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ overnight to produce a working electrode.
The working electrode prepared by the preparation method of the working electrode has the advantages that functional materials are dispersed and coated uniformly, the prepared working electrode has relatively uniform efficiency, the detection effects of all detection positions (coating positions) of the working electrode are relatively consistent, and the working stability of the working electrode can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, the process of preparing the working electrode by the method is relatively simple and rapid, and large-scale preparation of the working electrode can be realized.
In a fifth aspect, the invention also provides the application of the working electrode in the fields of pH detection and light detection.
In a sixth aspect, the invention also provides a photodetector or pH detector comprising the working electrode of any one of the above.
The working electrode is applied to the pH detection field and the optical detection field, and the photoelectric detector or the pH detector comprising the working electrode generates different photoelectric responses to different pH values and optical wavelengths by means of the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction, and the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction is applied to the working electrodes of the photoelectric detector and the pH detector and is used for realizing the detection of optical signals and the detection of the pH value.
The following examples illustrate the preparation of two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction and the two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction prepared thereby
Example 1
The preparation method of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding sodium tellurite (Na)2TeO3) And Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the PVP and the polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved and dispersed in 10mL of deionized water.
Step 2: then ammonia (NH)3·H2O) and hydrazine hydrate (N)2H4·H2O) is added into the solution in the step 1 in a volume ratio of 1:1 and stirring is keptStirring for 10 minutes.
And step 3: and (3) pouring the solution obtained in the step (2) into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and placing the hydrothermal reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven to react for 24 hours at 130 ℃.
And 4, step 4: the silver gray precipitate with metallic luster obtained by the reaction is washed by deionized water, ethanol and acetone respectively and centrifuged at 8,000 rpm. Carefully removing the supernatant, and placing the precipitate in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ overnight to obtain the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet material.
A synthesis method of a Te @ Se heterojunction comprises the following steps:
step 1: the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet material prepared above was dispersed in 5mL of ultrapure water by an ultrasonic treatment method.
Step 2: and (3) adding selenium powder into 50 mu L ammonia water for fully dissolving, wherein the mass ratio of the selenium powder to the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets in the step 1 is 1: 10.
And step 3: and dropwise adding the ammonia water solution dissolved with the selenium powder into the ultrapure water solution dispersed with the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets.
And 4, step 4: the mixture was stirred at 30 ℃ for 12 hours and then at 70 ℃ for 12 hours.
And 5: the black precipitate in the reaction vessel was collected and washed by centrifugation with deionized water, ethanol and acetone at 10,000rpm, respectively. Carefully removing the supernatant, and placing the precipitate in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ overnight to obtain the two-dimensional Te @ Se binary heterojunction nano material.
As shown in fig. 1, the physicochemical test results of the two-dimensional Te @ Se binary heterojunction nanomaterial prepared in example 1 are shown. In fig. 1, a is a scanning tunneling microscope image of a Te nanosheet; b is atomic force microscope scanning picture and height of Te nano-sheet; c is a transmission electron microscope image of the Te nanosheet; d is a high-resolution transmission electron microscope picture and a selected area electron diffraction picture of the Te nanosheet; e is a transmission electron microscope image of Te @ Se; f is atomic force microscope scanning picture and height of Te @ Se; g is a transmission electron microscope image of Te @ Se; h is a high resolution-transmission electron microscope picture of Te @ Se and a selected area electron diffraction picture; i is a transmission electron microscope image of Te @ Se; j-k are corresponding element distribution images (elements: Te and Se) of Te @ Se, respectively; and m is a mass ratio elemental analysis picture of Te to Se.
The two-dimensional Te @ Se binary heterojunction as shown in figure 1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: se is 1: 2.5. a to c represent a scanning tunneling microscope, an atomic force microscope and a transmission electron microscope picture of the 2D Te nanosheet, and a picture D represents a high-resolution transmission electron microscope picture of the Te nanosheet, so that the lattice spacing of the Te nanosheet is 0.19 nm, the crystal face data (200) conforming to Te can be seen, and meanwhile, an electron diffraction image is selected to show that the prepared Te nanosheet has good crystallinity. FIGS. e to g are transmission electron microscope and atomic force microscope images of the prepared 2D Te @ Se. The (102) plane belonging to Se can be seen in the graph h, and the lattice spacing is 0.21 nm. The presence of Se can be seen by simultaneously selecting electron diffraction images. And the graph i-l is an element scanning distribution graph of 2D Te @ Se, and the situation that Se grows on the outer layer of a Te nano sheet can be obviously seen from the graph, and the two-dimensional Te nano sheet is successfully wrapped with Se to obtain the 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction nano material. The element distribution content of 2DTe @ Se is further shown in the figure m.
Example 2
The preparation method of the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding sodium tellurite (Na)2TeO3) And Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) according to the mass ratio of 1:20, and the mixture is dissolved and dispersed in 10mL of deionized water.
Step 2: then ammonia (NH)3·H2O) and hydrazine hydrate (N)2H4·H2O) was added to the step 1 solution at a volume ratio of 5:1 and stirring was maintained for 30 minutes.
And step 3: and (3) pouring the solution obtained in the step (2) into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and placing the hydrothermal reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven to react for 4 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃.
And 4, step 4: the silver gray precipitate obtained by the reaction and having metallic luster was washed with deionized water, ethanol and acetone, respectively, and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm. Carefully removing the supernatant, and placing the precipitate in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ overnight to obtain the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet material.
A synthesis method of a Te @ Se heterojunction comprises the following steps:
step 1: the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheet material prepared above was dispersed in 100mL of ultrapure water by an ultrasonic treatment method.
Step 2: and (3) adding selenium powder into 2000 mu L ammonia water for fully dissolving, wherein the mass ratio of the selenium powder to the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets in the step 1 is 5: 1.
And step 3: and dropwise adding the ammonia water solution dissolved with the selenium powder into the ultrapure water solution dispersed with the two-dimensional tellurium nanosheets.
And 4, step 4: the mixture was stirred at 50 ℃ for 1 hour and then reacted at 90 ℃ for 1 hour.
And 5: the black precipitate in the reaction vessel was collected and washed by centrifugation with deionized water, ethanol and acetone at 8,000rpm, respectively. Carefully remove the supernatant and place the precipitate in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃ overnight to obtain the two-dimensional Te @ Se binary heterojunction nanomaterial.
A2D Te @ Se-based binary heterojunction material-based photoelectric detection device was prepared by example 3 as follows
Example 3
Step 1: 1mg of 2D Te @ Se was added to 1mL of a polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide (PVDF/DMF) solution and sonicated for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous mixture.
Step 2: the 300 μ L of the mixture was then dropped onto a glass surface coated with Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and placed in a vacuum oven at 80 degrees celsius overnight to form the working electrode of the photodetector, which was further assembled into a photodetector.
The working electrode test method comprises the following steps: in a photoelectrochemical type photodetection system, ITO glass coated with 2D Te @ Se, a platinum wire and Ag/AgCl were used as a working electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode, respectively. Aqueous solutions of HCl, KCl and KOH at different pH values were used as electrolytes. The apparatus was illuminated with different wavelengths (350nm, 400nm, 475nm, 550nm and 650nm) and the optical power intensities of these illumination lights were assigned to orders I, II, III, IV and V.
As shown in fig. 2, the photoelectric response performance results of the 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction-based photodetector in solutions with different pH values. Graphs a to n show the photoelectric detection performance of a 2D Te @ Se detector based on the pH of the electrolyte solution of 1 to 14, respectively. The photoelectric response performance curves of the graphs under 350nm, 400nm, 475nm, 550nm and 650nm illumination are respectively from top to bottom. Wherein I to V represent the performance curves of the detector under different incident light intensities under the same incident light wavelength. From the figure, the 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction-based photoelectric detector can see obvious ON/OFF signals in electrolyte solution with pH value of 1-14 in a wide wavelength band range (300-800nm) and under different incident light irradiation, and the detector shows excellent photoelectric detection performance.
Shown in fig. 3 is a fitting curve of photoelectric detection performance and pH response performance of a photodetector based on a 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material. From the graphs a and c, it can be seen that under the illumination of simulated Sunlight (SL) or 475nm, the ON/OFF signal of the photodetector based ON the 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material is enhanced along with the continuous increase of the pH value, and from the top to the bottom, the photodetection performance curves of the photodetector in the electrolyte solution with the pH value of 1 to 14 respectively are shown by fitting the magnitude of the photocurrent under the IV condition, and the increasing trend of the photocurrent along with the increase of the pH value conforms to the cubic equation change law (as shown in the graphs b and D), and shows a significant pH-dependent trend. And, the photocurrent was as high as 19.64. mu.A cm at pH 14-2. The specific fitting equation is expressed as:
under the irradiation of simulated sunlight, when the bias voltage is 0.6V, the fitting curve relation of the photocurrent and the pH value is as follows:
Pph＝-1.46x3+0.47x2–0.02x+4.65
under the irradiation of wavelength light of 475nm, when the bias voltage is 0.6V, the fitting curve relation of the photocurrent and the pH value is as follows:
Pph＝-0.2x3+0.069x2–0.0031x+0.32
wherein x is the pH value of the solution, which shows that the photoelectric detector based on 2D Te @ Se has pH response performance under the irradiation of simulated sunlight or incident light with specific wavelength.
Shown in fig. 4 is a pH dynamic response performance test of a photodetector based on 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material. From the graphs a to c, it can be seen that when the pH value of the solution changes, the magnitude of the photocurrent measured by the detector also changes, and a certain pH responsiveness is shown. Meanwhile, it can be seen that the response time is between 0.8 and 2.5s, indicating that the photocurrent response time is short with the change of pH value. As can be seen from figures d and e, the detection performance of the detector shows a certain reproducibility with the change of the pH solution. This shows that the 2D Te @ Se based detector can not only be used for detecting the pH value of a solution through current, but also has certain repeatable performance.
Shown in fig. 5 is a long-term stability test for a photodetector based on a 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material. As can be seen from fig. a and c, the detector still has very excellent repeatable photo-electric response behavior after being stored for 30 days in the electrolyte solutions with pH values of 1 and 14. And b and D are photoelectric detection performance curves of 8,000-8,500s respectively taken from a and c, and a remarkably repeatable ON/OFF model can be seen, so that the prepared photoelectric detector based ON the 2D Te @ Se binary heterojunction material has excellent long-term stability performance.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A working electrode, comprising an electrode carrier and a two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction disposed on the electrode carrier;
the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction comprises a two-dimensional A nanosheet material and a B nanomaterial wrapping the two-dimensional A nanosheet material, wherein A and B are the same main-group elements, and both A and B are one of IV main-group, V main-group or VI main-group elements.
2. The working electrode of claim 1 wherein the two-dimensional homogeneous main group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
3. The working electrode of claim 1 wherein the electrode carrier is ITO glass.
4. A method of making a working electrode, comprising the steps of:
adding the two-dimensional same-main-group binary heterojunction into a polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-100 min to form a uniform mixture;
and coating the uniform mixture on an electrode carrier, and drying to obtain the working electrode.
5. The method of making a working electrode according to claim 4, wherein the two-dimensional homogeneous group binary heterojunction is a two-dimensional Te @ Se heterojunction.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the electrode support is ITO glass.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the ratio of the mass of the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction to the mass of the polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution is 1:1 to 100.
8. The method of preparing a working electrode according to claim 4, wherein the two-dimensional homo-main group binary heterojunction is added to a polyvinylidene fluoride/dimethylformamide solution and then sonicated for 30min to form a homogeneous mixture;
the uniform mixture was then coated on an electrode support and transferred to a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ overnight to produce a working electrode.
9. Use of the working electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the fields of pH detection and light detection.
10. A photodetector or pH detector comprising a working electrode according to any one of claims 9 to 11.
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| CN108172634A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-15 | 贵州民族大学 | A kind of photodetector |
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| CN108172634A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-15 | 贵州民族大学 | A kind of photodetector |
| CN108313987A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳大学 | Two-dimentional tellurium nanometer sheet and its preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20210126 |
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