CN112268221A - Filling method of small LNG transport ship - Google Patents
Filling method of small LNG transport ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN112268221A CN112268221A CN202010973939.1A CN202010973939A CN112268221A CN 112268221 A CN112268221 A CN 112268221A CN 202010973939 A CN202010973939 A CN 202010973939A CN 112268221 A CN112268221 A CN 112268221A
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- Prior art keywords
- cargo tank
- lng
- liquid cargo
- gas
- natural gas
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0192—Propulsion of the fluid by using a working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
- F17C2260/032—Avoiding freezing or defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/061—Fluid distribution for supply of supplying vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filling method of a small LNG transport ship, which comprises the following steps of replacing nitrogen in a cabin with natural gas generated in the process of spraying a cargo tank in the transport ship in a precooling stage, and combining gas replacement and precooling into one step: the method comprises the following steps: before LNG filling, a cargo tank of an LNG transport ship is dried and inerted, so that the oxygen content in the cargo tank is reduced to less than 2 percent, and the dew point is less than minus 50 ℃; step two: before LNG filling, the liquid cargo tank in the transport ship needs to be pre-cooled and gas replaced, and an LNG receiving station provides liquefied natural gas to carry out spray pre-cooling on the liquid cargo tank; meanwhile, the natural gas generated in the spraying process is used for replacing nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank, and the mixed gas of the natural gas and the nitrogen is returned to the LNG receiving station for processing; step three: the LNG filling amount is the LNG consumption required by the gas navigation test; the invention combines the precooling and gas replacement processes, simplifies the operation flow, and has simple and convenient operation, high economy, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of LNG fuel transport ships and assembly, in particular to a filling method of a small LNG transport ship.
Background
With the increase of domestic LNG demand, the LNG carrier industry is also rapidly developing. Before each newly-built LNG transport ship is delivered, a certain amount of liquefied natural gas needs to be filled in an LNG receiving station, and a series of tests are carried out under the designed temperature condition to verify the performance of each system and equipment on the LNG transport ship.
The LNG transport ship filling process comprises the following steps: drying, inerting, gas displacement, precooling and LNG filling. Drying is the replacement of air in the liquid cargo tank by dry air, the dew point in the liquid cargo tank being lowered to-20 c or lower. The inerting is to replace dry air in the liquid cargo tank by inert gas, the dew point of the liquid cargo tank is less than-40 ℃, and the oxygen content is less than 2%. The gas replacement is the replacement of inert gas in the liquid cargo tank by natural gas, and the concentration content of the natural gas is more than 95 percent. The pre-cooling is that the LNG sprays and cools the liquid cargo tank. LNG filling is the filling operation of LNG according to the demand of cargo volume.
At present, a domestic LNG receiving station can not provide natural gas for gas replacement, the LNG receiving station provides liquefied natural gas, the LNG passes through a liquid phase pipe and a sweeping cabin pipe and is sent to a gasifier on a ship to generate natural gas, and the natural gas replaces inert gas in a liquid cargo tank. Because the diameter of the sweeping pipe of the small LNG transport ship is mostly 1 inch and 2 inches, the problems of air lock, small flow and the like often occur in the gas replacement process, which always troubles the filling of the small LNG transport ship.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristics of a small LNG transport ship, the invention provides a simplified filling process, the gas replacement and precooling processes are combined, LNG sprays the liquid cargo tank through a liquid phase pipe and a spray pipe, the gas replacement and precooling of the liquid cargo tank are completed, and the problems of gas blockage, small flow and the like are avoided; the whole process has the characteristics of simple operation, safety and reliability.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a filling method of a small LNG transport ship is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of replacing nitrogen in a liquid cargo tank with natural gas generated in the process of spraying the liquid cargo tank of a transport ship with LNG in a precooling stage, and combining gas replacement and precooling into one step, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before LNG filling, a cargo tank of a transport ship is dried and inerted, so that the oxygen content in the cargo tank is reduced to less than 2 percent, and the dew point is less than minus 50 ℃;
step two: in order to realize the combination of the gas replacement and the precooling process, the dew point is required to be changed from the temperature of less than 40 ℃ below zero to the temperature of less than 50 ℃ below zero in the drying and inerting process, and the phenomenon of icing caused by direct precooling is avoided. Before LNG filling, gas replacement and precooling are needed to be carried out on a liquid cargo tank in a transport ship, and an LNG receiving station provides liquefied natural gas to carry out spray precooling on the liquid cargo tank; meanwhile, the natural gas generated in the spraying process is used for replacing nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank, and the mixed gas of the natural gas and the nitrogen is returned to the LNG receiving station for processing; wherein:
during precooling operation, the cooling temperature gradient of the liquid cargo tank is less than-10 ℃/h;
when the gas replacement and precooling are finished, the concentration content of natural gas in the liquid cargo tank is more than 95 percent, the temperature of the bottom of the liquid cargo tank is less than-140 ℃, and the temperature of the top of the liquid cargo tank is less than-120 ℃;
step three: the LNG filling amount is the LNG consumption required by the gas navigation test.
Advantageous effects
The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the LNG is used for spraying the liquid cargo tank, the purpose of precooling the liquid cargo tank is achieved, meanwhile, the natural gas generated in the spraying process is used for replacing the nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank, the gas replacement and precooling are combined into one step, the operation flow is simplified, the problems of gas blockage, small flow and the like in the gas replacement process are avoided, and the method is simple and convenient to operate, high in economy, safe and reliable.
The invention solves the problems of air lock, small flow and the like caused by the fact that the LNG receiving station can not provide natural gas, simplifies the filling process, saves the using amount of LNG and reduces the operation time.
Taking a 3-square LNG carrier as an example, the LNG amount and the required time for gas replacement of a liquid cargo tank by natural gas are 30 tons and 30 hours respectively, the LNG amount and the required time for precooling the liquid cargo tank by LNG are 240 tons and 20 hours respectively, and the total LNG amount and the total time for gas replacement and precooling of the liquid cargo tank are 270 tons respectively and 50 hours respectively. Therefore, the LNG filling method for simultaneously performing gas replacement and precooling on the liquid cargo tank can reduce the consumption of LNG by 30 tons and save the operation time by 20 hours.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an operation schematic diagram of a first step of the filling method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an operation schematic diagram of a second step of the filling method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an operation schematic diagram of a third step of the filling method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the filling method of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. An LNG receiving station; 2. an independent C-shaped liquid cargo tank of the LNG transport ship; 3. a nitrogen generating device; 4. a gas phase pipe; 5. a liquid phase pipe; 6. A shower pipe; 7. ventilating mast
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the techniques and methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, which are provided to illustrate the components of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A filling method of a small LNG transport ship comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 4;
the method comprises the following steps: the cargo tank 2 of the transport vessel is dried and inerted before the LNG refueling. To ensure that step 2 (pre-cooling and gas replacement combined) requires that the oxygen content in the cargo tank 2 be reduced to less than 2% and the dew point less than-50 ℃. The specific equipment and operation principle of the step are shown in figure 1, dry nitrogen provided by a nitrogen generating device 3 on a ship enters from the top of a liquid cargo hold 2, air in the liquid cargo hold 2 is replaced by utilizing a piston effect, and the air is exhausted from the bottom of the liquid cargo hold and is emptied through an air permeable mast 7.
Step two: before LNG filling, need carry out gas replacement and precooling to cargo tank 2, gas replacement is in order to avoid having nitrogen gas in the goods, influences combustion efficiency, and the precooling is in order to avoid cargo tank temperature sharp change, guarantees cargo tank 2's security. The specific equipment and operation principle of the step are shown in fig. 2, the LNG receiving station 1 provides Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and the LNG reaches the top of the cargo tank 2 through the liquid phase pipe 5 and the spray pipe 6 to spray the cargo tank 2, so that the purpose of precooling the cargo tank 2 is achieved. Meanwhile, nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank 2 is replaced by natural gas generated in the spraying process, and mixed gas of the natural gas and the nitrogen returns to the LNG receiving station 1 through the gas phase pipe 4 for processing.
During pre-cooling operation, the cargo tank 2 is allowed to cool at a temperature gradient of less than-10 ℃/hour. When the gas replacement and pre-cooling are finished, the concentration content of natural gas in the liquid cargo tank 2 is more than 95 percent, the temperature of the bottom of the liquid cargo tank 2 is less than-140 ℃, and the temperature of the top of the tank is less than-120 ℃.
Step three: the LNG filling amount is the LNG consumption required by the gas navigation test. The specific equipment and operation principle of the step are shown in fig. 3, the LNG receiving station provides liquefied natural gas, the liquefied natural gas is injected into the bottom of the liquid cargo tank through the liquid phase pipe, and the natural gas generated in the filling process is processed by returning to the shore through the gas phase pipe.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A filling method of a small LNG transport ship is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the pre-cooling stage, nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank is replaced by natural gas generated in the spraying process of the liquid cargo tank in the transport ship, and gas replacement and pre-cooling are combined into one step, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before LNG filling, a cargo tank of a transport ship is dried and inerted, so that the oxygen content in the cargo tank is reduced to less than 2 percent, and the dew point is less than minus 50 ℃;
step two: before LNG filling, gas replacement and precooling are needed to be carried out on a liquid cargo tank in a transport ship, and an LNG receiving station provides liquefied natural gas to carry out spray precooling on the liquid cargo tank; meanwhile, the natural gas generated in the spraying process is used for replacing nitrogen in the liquid cargo tank, and the mixed gas of the natural gas and the nitrogen is returned to the LNG receiving station for processing; wherein:
during precooling operation, the cooling temperature gradient of the liquid cargo tank is less than-10 ℃/h;
when the gas replacement and precooling are finished, the concentration content of natural gas in the liquid cargo tank is more than 95 percent, the temperature of the bottom of the liquid cargo tank is less than-140 ℃, and the temperature of the top of the liquid cargo tank is less than-120 ℃;
step three: the LNG filling amount is the LNG consumption required by the gas navigation test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010973939.1A CN112268221A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Filling method of small LNG transport ship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010973939.1A CN112268221A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Filling method of small LNG transport ship |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112268221A true CN112268221A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN202010973939.1A Pending CN112268221A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Filling method of small LNG transport ship |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113357537A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-07 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Marine LNG filling system and operation method |
| CN114110422A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-03-01 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | LNG ship debugging ship and debugging method |
| CN115370954A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-22 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for carrying out single-cabin replacement, cooling and filling in LNG transport ship |
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| JPH05263997A (en) * | 1992-03-23 | 1993-10-12 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Cold storage of cryogenic liquefied natural gas and effective utilizing method and device thereof |
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| CN104482404A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-04-01 | 广东珠海金湾液化天然气有限公司 | Low-temperature ultra-large-type liquefied natural gas storage tank pre-cooling technology |
| CN104888582A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江海洋学院 | Rotary type spraying device for pre-cooling of LNG ship liquid tank and spraying method of rotary type spraying device |
| CN207005706U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-02-13 | 中海石油海南天然气有限公司 | A kind of cold cabin gas displacement exhaust system of LNG carrier |
| CN109404715A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 四川美丰化工股份有限公司 | A kind of large size LNG tank and its forecooling method |
| CN110360445A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-22 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of gas charging method and device |
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2020
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH05263997A (en) * | 1992-03-23 | 1993-10-12 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Cold storage of cryogenic liquefied natural gas and effective utilizing method and device thereof |
| CN104075103A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Fuel adding method for LNG powered ships |
| CN104482404A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-04-01 | 广东珠海金湾液化天然气有限公司 | Low-temperature ultra-large-type liquefied natural gas storage tank pre-cooling technology |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113357537A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-07 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Marine LNG filling system and operation method |
| CN113357537B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-02-21 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Marine LNG filling system and operation method |
| CN114110422A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-03-01 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | LNG ship debugging ship and debugging method |
| CN114110422B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-12 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | LNG ship debugging ship and debugging method |
| CN115370954A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-22 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for carrying out single-cabin replacement, cooling and filling in LNG transport ship |
| CN115370954B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-06-30 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for single cabin replacement, cooling and filling in LNG transport ship |
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Application publication date: 20210126 |