CN104075103A - Fuel adding method for LNG powered ships - Google Patents
Fuel adding method for LNG powered ships Download PDFInfo
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- CN104075103A CN104075103A CN201410336398.6A CN201410336398A CN104075103A CN 104075103 A CN104075103 A CN 104075103A CN 201410336398 A CN201410336398 A CN 201410336398A CN 104075103 A CN104075103 A CN 104075103A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building and assembling of LNG powered ships, in particular to a fuel adding method for the LNG powered ships. The method comprises the following steps: I, performing drying and inerting on an LNG system on a ship with dry nitrogen gas; II, precooling an LNG storage tank with liquid nitrogen; III, scavenging nitrogen gas in the LNG system with gasified natural gas; IV, filling LNG into the LNG storage tank. The LNG adding method has the advantages that an LNG powered ship which is not equipped with an LNG immersed pump can be filled with LNG; the connection problem during ship-shore LNG filling can be well solved, so that an LNG tank car on a shore can fill LNG into the LNG powered ship to meet normal use requirements; the whole filling process is relatively simple, reliable and safer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shipbuilding of LNG fuels and energy and assembling field, particularly a kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships.
Background technique
Along with rock gas has all obtained attention and development highly as a kind of clean energy resource of low carbonization in countries in the world, China continues to increase for the demand of LNG fuel, at ship domain, the ships quantity of newly making using LNG as power had also obtained greatly and had increased in recent years.
LNG is liquid natural gas, and its storage temperature is generally-160 DEG C of left and right, because of itself low temperature and volatile one-tenth rock gas characteristic, therefore use its boats and ships as power to have certain danger in the middle of filling, using process.
Because the LNG tank car major part that China is used is on the bank used for petrochemical system, and LNG filling station on the bank has all configured LNG filling sled and can realize with LNG immersed pump and refuting from homophony, so all annotate immersed pumps of use of configuration of the LNG tank car of China.For arrange the narrow and small LNG powered ship that filling sled can not be installed for space on economic consideration or ship, formulate both safety, reliable of one, economic, practical charging method again, for the normal use that ensures LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, the economic benefit that improves boats and ships is all significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of need not configure LNG immersed pump adjust refute, the fuel adding method of economic, safe LNG fuels and energy boats and ships.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, comprise the steps:
Step 1, inerting, dry, use dry nitrogen to the LNG system on ship be dried, inerting;
Step 2, precooling, used liquid nitrogen to carry out precooling to LNG storage tank;
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive of gasification except the nitrogen of LNG internal system;
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with to LNG storage tank.
Wherein, the described LNG system on ship comprises filling station, a LNG storage tank and the first clack box, and a described LNG storage tank is communicated with filling station by the first clack box.
Wherein, described step 1 is specially:
11) liquid nitrogen tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of vaporizer, and the outlet of vaporizer is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
12) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter vaporizer;
13) nitrogen that vaporizer is normal temperature by liquid nitrogen gasification, nitrogen enters a LNG tank top by filling station gas phase interface;
14) nitrogen is discharged air from a LNG tank bottom;
15) detect the intrasystem oxygen content of LNG and dew point, when oxygen content is less than 1%, and dew point is while being less than-45 DEG C, closes the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, completes inerting, Dry run.
Wherein, described step 2 is specially:
21) liquid nitrogen tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of the filling station on ship;
22) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter a LNG tank bottom by filling station liquid phase interface;
23) detect temperature in a LNG storage tank, in the time that temperature is less than-120 DEG C, close liquid nitrogen tank car valve, complete precooling operation.
Further, described step 2 also comprises:
24) temperature lowering speed in monitoring the one LNG storage tank, if when temperature lowering speed exceedes preset value, turns liquid nitrogen tank car and filling station valve down.
Wherein, described step 3 is specially:
31) LNG tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of vaporizer, and the outlet of vaporizer is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
32) open the valve of LNG tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter vaporizer;
33) rock gas that vaporizer is normal temperature by LNG gasification, rock gas enters a LNG tank top by filling station gas phase interface;
34) rock gas is discharged nitrogen from a LNG tank bottom;
35) concentration of the intrasystem rock gas of detection LNG, in the time that the concentration of rock gas is greater than 95%, closes the valve of LNG tank car, completes purging process.
Wherein, described step 4 is specially:
41) LNG tank car and vaporizer are on the bank connected into loop, and LNG tank car is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
42) open the pressurized machine liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, the rock gas that vaporizer is normal temperature by LNG gasification, rock gas is got back in LNG tank car, in the time that the pressure in LNG tank car is increased to setting value, closes the pressurized machine liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car; This setting value is traditionally arranged to be 0.6MPa;
43) open the liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG enters a LNG tank bottom by filling station liquid phase interface;
44) liquid level of detection the one LNG storage tank, in the time that the liquid level of a LNG storage tank reaches 45%, closes liquid nitrogen tank car valve, completes and fills operation.
Wherein, the described LNG system on ship also comprises the 2nd LNG storage tank and the second clack box, and described the 2nd LNG storage tank is communicated with described filling station by the second clack box.
Wherein, in the operation of step 1, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are carried out to inerting, dry;
In the operation of step 2, a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are carried out to precooling simultaneously;
In the operation of step 3, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are carried out to purging;
In the operation of step 4, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are filled.
Further, the precooling of described step 2 is divided into pre-cold-peace later stage precooling in early stage; In described early stage precooling process, the CLV ceiling limit value of temperature lowering speed is 10 DEG C/h; In described later stage precooling process, the CLV ceiling limit value of temperature lowering speed is 20 DEG C/h.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The fuel adding method of a kind of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships of the present invention, ship bank all need not configure LNG immersed pump, only, with a vaporizer of configuration, is connected and realizes each step for the difference filling stage by flexible pipe, the method provides cost savings, and easy and simple to handle, safety and recycling rate of waterused are high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the LNG filing provision of fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operation chart of the step 1 of fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the operation chart of the step 2 of fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the operation chart of the step 3 of fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the operation chart of the step 4 of fuel adding method of the present invention.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, include:
The 1-the one LNG storage tank; The 2-the two LNG storage tank;
The 3-the first clack box; The 4-the second clack box;
5-filling station; 6-ventilative mast;
7-vaporizer; 8-tank car;
81-LNG tank car; 82-liquid nitrogen tank car.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in order to meet LNG powered ship fuel adding problem, the present embodiment provides a kind of fuel adding method of the LNG fuels and energy boats and ships that do not use LNG immersed pump, the equipment relating in the method mainly comprises: LNG storage tank, filling station 5, tank car 8, vaporizer 7, tank car 8 comprise LNG tank car 81 and liquid nitrogen tank car 82.Wherein LNG storage tank, filling station 5 arranges aboard ship, LNG tank car 81, liquid nitrogen tank car 82, vaporizer 7 are all positioned at and approach LNG powered ship on the bank in the middle of filling process.And in the middle of filling process, the flexible pipe that LNG tank car 81, liquid nitrogen tank car 82, vaporizer 7 all pass through Austenitic Stainless Steel is connected with boats and ships.
A fuel adding method for LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, comprises the steps:
Step 1, inerting, dry, use dry nitrogen to the LNG system on ship be dried, inerting;
Step 2, precooling, used liquid nitrogen to carry out precooling to LNG storage tank;
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive of gasification except the nitrogen of LNG internal system;
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with to LNG storage tank.
LNG system on ship comprises that filling station 5, a LNG storage tank 1 and the first clack box 3, the one LNG storage tanks 1 are communicated with filling station 5 by the first clack box 3.
Step 1, first considers the low-temperature characteristics of LNG, if having steam in LNG system, makes normally open and close of valve thereby may cause freezing; In addition, if oxygen concentration is too high in LNG system, after mixing with rock gas, may cause blast.So, before filling we to be dried system, inerting disposal, oxygen content in system is reduced to and is less than 1%, dew point is less than-45 DEG C.The general humidity of pressurized air of considering shipyard is larger, and is difficult for dryly, and follow-up precooling will use liquid nitrogen, so consider, uses vaporizer 7 to carry out air heating to liquid nitrogen and produces dry normal temperature nitrogen and carry out the operation of this step.
The concrete equipment connection of this step and operating principle as shown in Figure 2, are connected liquid nitrogen tank car 82 on the bank with the entrance of vaporizer 7, and the outlet of vaporizer 7 is connected with filling station 5 entrances on ship.We separately carry out the inerting process of a LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2.First open liquid nitrogen tank car 82 respective valves, make liquid nitrogen enter vaporizer 7, become the nitrogen of normal temperature by air heating, nitrogen enters LNG storage tank 1 top by filling station 5 gas phase interfaces.Because density of nitrogen is less than air, nitrogen is discharged air from tank bottom, and arrives ventilative mast 6 by pipeline and enter atmosphere.Operation is carried out in the middle of process, passes through oxygen content and the dew point of portable oxygen ANALYZER and dewpoint meter detection system at the sample tap of filling station 5.When oxygen content is less than 1%, and dew point completes LNG storage tank 1 inerting, Dry run while being less than-45 DEG C, undertaken by controlling the open and close of valve in LNG system the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 inerting, it is dry that (valve being communicated with a LNG storage tank 1 is positioned at the first clack box 3, the valve being communicated with the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 is positioned at the second clack box 4), specific operation are consistent with a LNG storage tank 1, the throttle down that meets the demands, step 1 completes.
Step 2, because LNG fuel is generally-160 DEG C of left and right, considers its low-temperature characteristics, if directly filling may be because temperature lowering speed causes pipeline, valve etc. to go wrong too soon.In order to ensure safety, before filling, we will carry out precooling.The strict temperature lowering speed of controlling in precooling process, precooling in early stage is no more than 10 DEG C/h, and later stage precooling can suitably increase to and be no more than 20 DEG C/h according to field condition.Consider that pre-cool time is longer, use LNG to carry out precooling not only danger but also exhaust emission atmosphere, so consider, we adopt liquid nitrogen to carry out the precooling of whole system.
The concrete equipment connection of this step and operating principle as shown in Figure 3, are connected liquid nitrogen tank car 82 on the bank with the entrance of the filling station 5 on ship.Precooling is that a LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 carry out simultaneously, first opens liquid nitrogen tank car 82 respective valves, enters respectively a LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 bottoms by filling station 5 liquid phase interfaces.In central station of floating dock and the pressure and the temperature conditions that drive in platform monitoring the one LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2, for ensureing temperature lowering speed, liquid nitrogen tank car 82 reaches minimum at the beginning with the valve of filling station 5, more slowly opens greatly according to the temperature conditions of monitoring.The strict temperature lowering speed of controlling in precooling process, precooling in early stage is no more than 10 DEG C/h, and later stage precooling can suitably increase to and be no more than 20 DEG C/h according to field condition.In the time that the temperature transducer showing temperature of the top and bottom of a LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 is all less than-120 DEG C, precooling EO, closes respective valves.
Step 3, if LNG internal system is mixed with nitrogen, can affect fuel efficiency in the middle of boats and ships afterwards use, so we also will use the natural gas drive of LNG gasification except liquid nitrogen and the nitrogen of internal system before filling.Consider the explosion hazard of rock gas, before purging operation, should ensure that combustible gas detecting system and the ventilation system of configuration are in running order, if there is natural gas leaking to find in time and to discharge; Connect ship bank static electricity earthing device, prevent from causing blast because of static.
The concrete equipment connection of this step and operating principle are illustrated as shown in Figure 4, LNG tank car 81 is on the bank connected with the entrance of vaporizer 7, and the outlet of vaporizer 7 is connected with filling station 5 entrances on ship.The purging of the one LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 separately carries out.First open the corresponding valve of LNG tank car 81, make LNG enter vaporizer 7, be rock gas by air heating, then enter LNG storage tank 1 top by filling station 5 gas phase interfaces, because the density of rock gas is less than nitrogen, therefore nitrogen arrives ventilative mast 6 by a LNG storage tank 1 bottom pipeline, and enters in atmosphere.In the middle of operating process, use Portable combustible gas survey meters monitoring concentration of natural gas at filling station 5 sample taps, close respective valves when above when the inner hydrocarbon concentration of a LNG storage tank 1 reaches 95%.Open valve makes rock gas enter the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 to carry out purging, and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 operations are with consistent before, when concentration reaches requirement throttle down.Use the about 30s of rock gas in the nitrogen blowing pipeline on ship and in flexible pipe, purging EO.
Step 4, because consider that at shipyard, for filling for the first time, we are set as 45% by filling rate, if ensure, a LNG storage tank or valve go wrong and LNG fuel wherein can be imported in the middle of another LNG storage tank.Because LNG tank car 81 itself does not have pump and vaporizer 7, we will first be connected LNG tank car 81 with vaporizer 7, utilize vaporizer 7 that LNG is gasified to tank car internal pressurization, ensure the pressure more than central inner 0.6MPa of maintenance of tank car filling process.The same with purging, before purging operation, should ensure that combustible gas detecting system and the ventilation system of configuration are in running order, there is natural gas leaking to find in time and to discharge if ensure; Connect ship bank static electricity earthing device, prevent from causing blast because of static.
The concrete equipment connection of this step and operating principle as shown in Figure 5, connect into loop by LNG tank car on the bank 81 and vaporizer 7, and LNG tank car 81 are connected with filling station 5 entrances on ship.First, open LNG tank car 81 pressurized machine liquid-phase outlets, utilize LNG gasification that vaporizer 7 discharges LNG tank car 81 to return LNG tank car 81 inside for rock gas, LNG tank car 81 is carried out to supercharging, be pressurized to throttle down after 0.6MPa.Open tank car liquid-phase outlet, LNG enters LNG storage tank 1 bottom by filling station 5 liquid phase interfaces.At central station of floating dock and the liquid level, the pressure that drive platform monitoring the one LNG storage tank 1 and the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 inside.In the time that LNG storage tank 1 liquid level reaches 45%, close respective valves, the 2nd LNG storage tank 2 is filled, specific operation are consistent with a LNG storage tank 1, close respective valves after reaching default liquid level.Open LNG tank car 81 and arrange residual valve by LNG gasification discharge residual in flexible pipe, use the nitrogen on ship to purge about 30s to LNG pipeline.Fill EO.
Use the method to carry out LNG fuel adding, can meet the filling of the LNG fuels and energy boats and ships that do not configure LNG immersed pump, can well solve ship bank LNG filling connection problem, make LNG tank car 81 on the bank smoothly LNG fuel adding be arrived to LNG powered ship inside, meet normal use, the relatively simple, reliable, safe property of whole filling process is higher.
Above content is the further description of the present invention being carried out in conjunction with actual boats and ships filling mode of execution, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a fuel adding method for LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, inerting, dry, use dry nitrogen to the LNG system on ship be dried, inerting;
Step 2, precooling, used liquid nitrogen to carry out precooling to LNG storage tank;
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive of gasification except the nitrogen of LNG internal system;
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with to LNG storage tank.
2. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described LNG system on ship comprises filling station, a LNG storage tank and the first clack box, and a described LNG storage tank is communicated with filling station by the first clack box.
3. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 1 is specially:
11) liquid nitrogen tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of vaporizer, and the outlet of vaporizer is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
12) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter vaporizer;
13) nitrogen that vaporizer is normal temperature by liquid nitrogen gasification, nitrogen enters a LNG tank top by filling station gas phase interface;
14) nitrogen is discharged air from a LNG tank bottom;
15) detect the intrasystem oxygen content of LNG and dew point, when oxygen content is less than 1%, and dew point is while being less than-45 DEG C, closes the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, completes inerting, Dry run.
4. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2 is specially:
21) liquid nitrogen tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of the filling station on ship;
22) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter a LNG tank bottom by filling station liquid phase interface;
23) detect temperature in a LNG storage tank, in the time that temperature is less than-120 DEG C, close liquid nitrogen tank car valve, complete precooling operation.
5. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described step 2 also comprises:
24) temperature lowering speed in monitoring the one LNG storage tank, if when temperature lowering speed exceedes preset value, turns liquid nitrogen tank car and filling station valve down.
6. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specially:
31) LNG tank car is on the bank connected with the entrance of vaporizer, and the outlet of vaporizer is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
32) open the valve of LNG tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter vaporizer;
33) rock gas that vaporizer is normal temperature by LNG gasification, rock gas enters a LNG tank top by filling station gas phase interface;
34) rock gas is discharged nitrogen from a LNG tank bottom;
35) concentration of the intrasystem rock gas of detection LNG, in the time that the concentration of rock gas is greater than 95%, closes the valve of LNG tank car, completes purging process.
7. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 4 is specially:
41) LNG tank car and vaporizer are on the bank connected into loop, and LNG tank car is connected with the filling station entrance on ship;
42) open the pressurized machine liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, the rock gas that vaporizer is normal temperature by LNG gasification, rock gas is got back in LNG tank car, in the time that the pressure in LNG tank car is increased to setting value, closes the pressurized machine liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car;
43) open the liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG enters a LNG tank bottom by filling station liquid phase interface;
44) liquid level of detection the one LNG storage tank, in the time that the liquid level of a LNG storage tank reaches 45%, closes liquid nitrogen tank car valve, completes and fills operation.
8. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the described LNG system on ship also comprises the 2nd LNG storage tank and the second clack box, and described the 2nd LNG storage tank is communicated with described filling station by the second clack box.
9. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, in the operation of step 1, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank is carried out to inerting, dry;
In the operation of step 2, a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are carried out to precooling simultaneously;
In the operation of step 3, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are carried out to purging;
In the operation of step 4, successively a LNG storage tank, the 2nd LNG storage tank are filled.
10. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the precooling of described step 2 is divided into pre-cold-peace later stage precooling in early stage; In described early stage precooling process, the CLV ceiling limit value of temperature lowering speed is 10 DEG C/h; In described later stage precooling process, the CLV ceiling limit value of temperature lowering speed is 20 DEG C/h.
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| CN104565806A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-29 | 武汉三江航天远方科技有限公司 | LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) filling method for small ships |
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| CN108006432A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-08 | 杰瑞石油天然气工程有限公司 | A kind of LNG bank bases formula loading system peculiar to vessel |
| CN108036194A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-05-15 | 中海浙江宁波液化天然气有限公司 | Precooling technique before low pressure LNG manifold for the second stage of tank car system fills |
| CN112050081A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-08 | 华润（南京）市政设计有限公司 | Movable type acceptance and feeding and discharging device for dual-fuel ship |
| CN112268221A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-26 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Filling method of small LNG transport ship |
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| CN112815229A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-18 | 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 | Liquid natural gas unloading method and device |
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Application publication date: 20141001 Assignee: GUANGZHOU WENCHONG SHIPYARD Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CSSC HUANGPU WENCHONG SHIPBUILDING Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2021440000195 Denomination of invention: A fuel filling method for LNG fuel powered ship Granted publication date: 20160824 License type: Common License Record date: 20211021 |