CN112267856A - Sand blasting and perforating device - Google Patents
Sand blasting and perforating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112267856A CN112267856A CN202011280760.4A CN202011280760A CN112267856A CN 112267856 A CN112267856 A CN 112267856A CN 202011280760 A CN202011280760 A CN 202011280760A CN 112267856 A CN112267856 A CN 112267856A
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- Prior art keywords
- wall
- sand
- joint
- counterweight
- counter weight
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- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sand blasting perforation device which comprises a central tube, wherein one end of the central tube is fixed on the inner wall surface of a second joint after sequentially passing through a first joint, a counterweight cylinder and a pressing ring, the counterweight cylinder is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the central tube in a penetrating manner, a plurality of through holes which are radially distributed are formed in the circumferential wall surface of the central tube in the counterweight cylinder, the counterweight cylinder comprises a counterweight side and a suspension side, the excircle diameter of the counterweight side is larger than that of the suspension side, a drop step is formed at the joint of the suspension side and the counterweight side, and a plurality of nozzles communicated with the through holes are arranged on the counterweight side. The invention can actively adjust the injection direction in the process of sand blasting and perforating, avoid the direct upper part of the horizontal well and avoid well collapse or sand production to cause drill sticking accidents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground energy exploitation, in particular to a sand blasting perforation device.
Background
The horizontal well has more applications in various oil and gas fields because of increasing the oil drainage area of an oil-gas layer and increasing the oil-gas yield, the perforation mode of the horizontal well mainly takes directional gunpowder perforation as a main mode at present, the horizontal well can selectively shoot the oil-gas layer to avoid the upper phase of the horizontal well, so that the collapse or sand production of the well wall is reduced, but the aperture is smaller. The sand blasting perforation process is generally only used for vertical wells and directional wells, and is also used as a more common perforation mode because the formed pore diameter after perforation is larger and the compaction effect on the stratum can not be generated. Chinese patent publication No. CN207017982U, publication date 2018, 2.16, discloses an upward directional sand-blasting perforation device, which comprises a sand-blasting perforation gun connected with an oil pipe, the sand-blasting perforation gun is pushed into a horizontal well through the oil pipe, the sand-blasting perforation gun comprises: the spraying assembly comprises a spraying gun body and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the plurality of nozzles are respectively positioned on different phases on the side wall of the spraying gun body and are used for perforating the casing pipe; the upper directional assembly comprises an eccentric pendulum and a gravity eccentric sleeve, wherein the eccentric pendulum is in a semi-cylindrical shape and can rotate in the spray gun body, the gravity eccentric sleeve is arranged on two sides of the eccentric pendulum and used for driving the eccentric pendulum to rotate, and the conventional sand blasting perforation device disclosed by the patent easily causes collapse of a well wall or sand production to cause drilling blockage accidents by shooting to the right above and nearby areas of a horizontal well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the conventional sand blasting perforation device cannot actively avoid perforation in the area right above a horizontal well, and the drilling tool jamming accident is caused by collapse or sand production of the well wall. The invention can actively avoid the position right above the horizontal well in the sand blasting and perforating process, thereby avoiding the drilling tool jamming accident caused by well collapse or sand production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a sandblast perforating device, wherein, includes the center tube, the one end of center tube is passed first joint, a counter weight section of thick bamboo and clamping ring back in proper order, fixes on the internal face that the second connects, a counter weight section of thick bamboo rotates and wears to locate on the center tube outer wall, be equipped with the through-hole that a plurality of radially distributed on the circumference wall that the center tube is located a counter weight section of thick bamboo, a counter weight section of thick bamboo includes the counter weight side and hangs the side, the excircle diameter ratio of counter weight side hangs the excircle diameter of side greatly, it forms the drop step with the junction of counter weight side to hang, be equipped with on the counter weight side a plurality of with the nozzle of through-.
The technical scheme includes that a second joint is connected with a pipe entering column before use, the second joint firstly enters a horizontal well, a first joint and the second joint limit a press ring and a counterweight cylinder which are arranged on the outer wall of a central pipe, the counterweight side and the suspension side in the counterweight cylinder have different diameters, so that the weight of the counterweight side is heavier than that of the suspension side, the counterweight cylinder is of a gravity-center offset structure, the counterweight side and the suspension side can be always positioned right above and right below according to the influence of the deadweight of the counterweight side and the suspension side, and only the counterweight side is provided with a nozzle communicated with a through hole in the central pipe, so that the device can automatically avoid sand blasting and perforating right above the horizontal well, overflow sand carrying liquid in the central pipe is also called fracturing liquid, the heterogeneous unstable chemical system formed by a plurality of additives according to a certain ratio is used as working liquid for fracturing reformation of an oil-gas layer, the sand-carrying fluid can be ejected from a nozzle on the counterweight side, and a perforation is formed on the well wall of the horizontal well except the position right above the horizontal well.
Furthermore, two ends of the counterweight cylinder are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube through bearings. According to the technical scheme, the counterweight barrel needs to be rotated on the outer wall of the central tube according to self weight, the position is adjusted, the bearings are arranged on two sides of the counterweight barrel, the situation that a friction wheel between the counterweight barrel and the first joint and the compression ring is too large when the counterweight barrel rotates is avoided, and the rotation is not flexible.
Furthermore, a chamfer is arranged on the outer wall of one end, far away from the central pipe, of the second joint. Because the second takeover is the part that this device entered into the horizontal well at first, the setting of chamfer makes this device pass smoothly in the horizontal well.
Furthermore, an outer barrel is arranged between the second joint and the first joint, and the outer barrel wraps the counterweight barrel. The outer barrel protects and isolates the counterweight barrel, so that the wall of the horizontal well is prevented from directly contacting the counterweight barrel, and when a nozzle on the counterweight barrel performs sand blasting, high-pressure sand-carrying liquid can be sprayed out to directly penetrate through the outer barrel to perform perforation on the wall of the horizontal well.
Further, the outer wall of center tube with the inner wall of a counter weight section of thick bamboo forms annular space, the nozzle passes through annular space and the through-hole intercommunication of center tube. Because the direction of the nozzle on the counterweight cylinder is not in the same direction with the through hole on the central tube all the time, an annular space is needed to communicate the nozzle on the counterweight cylinder with the through hole on the central tube.
Furthermore, an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between one side of the nozzle, which is close to the annular space, and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the outer wall of the central pipe, which is positioned at the first joint, is provided with an expanding diameter, and the inner wall of the first joint is provided with a reducing diameter matched with the expanding diameter. The diameter expansion on the outer wall of the central tube is matched and connected with the diameter reduction of the inner wall of the first joint, so that the connecting position of the first joint on the outer wall of the central tube is limited.
Further, one side that the first joint was kept away from a counter weight section of thick bamboo is equipped with the adjustable ring, the adjustable ring cover is established on the center tube, the adjustable ring with the connected mode of center tube is threaded connection. The distance of each axial assembling part on the center tube can be adjusted to the adjustable ring, guarantees that the both sides of a counter weight section of thick bamboo are compressed tightly by the bearing.
Further, the connection mode of the central tube and the first joint is threaded connection.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder are plated with a layer of hard alloy. The hard alloy can enhance the erosion performance of the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder, and prolong the service life of the device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through the special eccentric structure of the counterweight cylinder, the perforation phase can be autonomously controlled in the horizontal well, perforation right above the horizontal well is avoided, and drilling tool jamming accidents caused by well wall collapse and sand production are reduced; the invention adopts high-pressure sand-carrying liquid to carry out sand blasting perforation, can obtain a pore passage with larger drift diameter compared with gunpowder perforation, and can also increase cracks in a low-pore-permeability compact stratum to play a role similar to fracturing, thereby increasing the yield of the oil-gas well.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front projection view of the section a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front projection view of section B-B in fig. 1.
The graphic symbols are illustrated as follows:
1-second joint, 2-pressure ring, 3-central tube, 4-counterweight cylinder, 401-suspension side, 402-counterweight side, 5-outer cylinder, 6-bearing, 7-first joint, 8-adjusting ring, 9-O-shaped sealing ring, 10-nozzle, and 11-through hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
Examples
Fig. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the sand-blast perforating device of the invention. The utility model provides a sand blasting perforating device, including center tube 3, the one end of center tube 3 passes adjusting ring 8 in proper order, first joint 7, after balance weight section of thick bamboo 4 and clamping ring 2, fix on the internal face that the second connects 1, center tube 3 is located and is equipped with four rows of radial distribution's through-hole 11 on the wall of balance weight section of thick bamboo 4, balance weight section of thick bamboo 4 includes balance weight side 402 and hangs side 401, the excircle diameter ratio of balance weight side 402 hangs the excircle diameter of side 401 greatly, it forms the drop step with the junction of balance weight side 402 to hang side 401, be equipped with the nozzle 10 with through-hole 11 intercommunication on the balance weight side 402. Counterweight side 402 and hang side 401 because the difference of excircle diameter, make the weight phase difference between them great, counterweight cylinder 4 is actually equivalent to an eccentric structure, because the weight distribution of self is unbalanced, can be on the outer wall of center tube 3 self rotation adjustment position, it can be located directly over all the time to hang side 401, counterweight side 402 can be located directly under all the time, owing to only just be equipped with the nozzle 10 with 3 through-holes 11 intercommunications of center tube on counterweight side 402, the position of carrying out sandblast perforation of event this embodiment can avoid the horizontal well directly over all the time, avoid perforating on the wall of a well directly over the horizontal well, cause the wall of a well or go out sand, cause the sticking of a drill accident.
Wherein, connect through urceolus 5 between first joint 7 and the second joint 1, urceolus 5 wraps up the protection with a counter weight section of thick bamboo 4, and the both sides that the second connects 1 inner wall are the oil pipe screw thread, is equipped with the chamfer on its outer wall of keeping away from the one end of center tube 3, can pass through smoothly at the horizontal well, and the other end is equipped with the undergauge, and the undergauge is connected with the internal surface cooperation of urceolus 5. The joint of the central tube 3 and the second joint 1 is provided with oil tube threads, the central tube is connected and assembled with the oil tube threads on the inner wall of the second joint 1, the outer wall of the central tube 3 at the first joint 7 is provided with an expanding diameter, the inner wall of the first joint 7 is provided with a reducing diameter matched with the expanding diameter, the expanding diameter is convenient for the first joint 7 to be positioned on the outer wall of the central tube 3, and meanwhile, the central tube 3 is convenient to be assembled with other parts.
Wherein, the both ends of a counter weight section of thick bamboo 4 all are equipped with bearing 6, avoid a counter weight section of thick bamboo 4 because frictional force is too big between clamping ring 2 and first joint 7, rotate dumb.
In addition, the outer wall of the central tube 3 at the position of the adjusting ring 8 is provided with threads for being matched and connected with the threads in the adjusting ring 8, the assembly distance between all parts in the axial direction is adjusted, and the bearing 6 can be tightly pressed by the counterweight cylinder 4. The outer side of the compression ring 2 is provided with a chamfer, so that the compression ring can be conveniently installed. The weight cylinder 4 is made of a thick-walled steel pipe having a large density, a portion of which is cut off by wire cutting, and the remaining thin-walled portion becomes the suspension side 401 and the thick-walled portion becomes the weight side 402. The counterweight side 402 is provided with a threaded hole, an O-shaped sealing ring groove is formed in the threaded hole, an O-shaped sealing ring 10 is assembled, the nozzle 10 is communicated with an annular space, the assembling position of the nozzle 10 is set according to perforation requirements, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the nozzle 10 is connected in the threaded hole of the counterweight side 402 through threads, an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the central tube 3 and the inner wall of the counterweight barrel 4, and the nozzle 10 on the counterweight barrel 4 and the through hole 11 on the central tube 3 are required to be communicated with each other through the annular space due to the fact that the direction of the nozzle 10 on the counterweight barrel 4 cannot be constantly located at the same position as that of the through hole 11 on the central tube 3, and the nozzle.
The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:
(1) the nozzle 10 is installed on the counterweight side 402 according to the perforation orientation requirement, and the second joint 1 of the embodiment is connected with a running string and is run into a horizontal well.
(2) After the target section is lowered, the weight tube 4 of the present embodiment rotates due to its own weight, and the thick wall portion, i.e., the weight side 402, rotates to a position right below the center tube 3.
(3) And performing sand blasting perforation, shooting the outer cylinder 5 of the embodiment, and finishing perforation work on the well wall of the horizontal well.
(4) The embodiment is raised or lowered into the second interval and the sand blast perforation is repeated as described above.
In one embodiment, the outer cylinder 5 belongs to a thin-wall cylinder, when sand blasting perforation is performed, the outer cylinder 5 is penetrated by sand liquid in the nozzle 10, then the sand liquid is sprayed into the stratum, after the first section of horizontal well perforation is completed, the sand blasting perforation can be continued after the sand liquid reaches the second target section of the horizontal well through lifting or lowering the device, and the outer cylinder 5 is penetrated continuously. The first joint 7 can be pressed by rotating the adjusting ring 8, so that the parts which are arranged outside the central tube 3 can be pressed against each other. The contact part of the outer side of the central tube 3 and the inner side of the counterweight cylinder 4 is plated with hard alloy so as to increase the erosion resistance.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sand blast perforating device, characterized by: including the center tube, the one end of center tube is passed first joint, a counter weight section of thick bamboo and clamping ring back in proper order, fixes on the internal face that the second connects, a counter weight section of thick bamboo rotates and wears to locate on the center tube outer wall, be equipped with the through-hole that a plurality of radial distribution on the circumference wall that the center tube is located a counter weight section of thick bamboo, a counter weight section of thick bamboo includes the counter weight side and hangs the side, the excircle diameter ratio of counter weight side hangs the excircle diameter of side greatly, it forms the drop step with the junction of counter weight side to hang, be equipped with on the counter weight side a plurality of with the nozzle of through-hole intercommunication.
2. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: two ends of the counterweight cylinder are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube through bearings.
3. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a chamfer is arranged on the outer wall of one end, far away from the central pipe, of the second joint.
4. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 3, wherein: an outer barrel is arranged between the second joint and the first joint, and the outer barrel wraps the counterweight barrel.
5. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder form an annular space, and the nozzle is communicated with the through hole of the central tube through the annular space.
6. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 5, wherein: an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between one side of the nozzle, which is close to the annular space, and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder.
7. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the central pipe, which is positioned at the first joint, is provided with an expanding diameter, and the inner wall of the first joint is provided with a reducing diameter matched with the expanding diameter.
8. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the first joint is kept away from one side of a counter weight section of thick bamboo is equipped with the adjustable ring, the adjustable ring cover is established on the center tube, the adjustable ring with the connected mode of center tube is threaded connection.
9. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the central pipe is connected with the first joint in a threaded manner.
10. The sand-blast perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder are both plated with a layer of hard alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011280760.4A CN112267856A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Sand blasting and perforating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011280760.4A CN112267856A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Sand blasting and perforating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112267856A true CN112267856A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011280760.4A Pending CN112267856A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Sand blasting and perforating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112267856A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201865648U (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-06-15 | 大庆石油管理局 | Horizontal well perforating gun |
| CN104929591A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-23 | 西安物华巨能爆破器材有限责任公司 | Inner orientation interception fixed-jet-angle multistage pulse enhanced-perforator |
| CN205990902U (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-01 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of orientation hydraulic jet perforation instrument |
| CN210509128U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-05-12 | 盐城他山石液压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic ejector |
| CN111364978A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-03 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Well kick and leakage monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN211648106U (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing device for directional perforation fracturing of horizontal well |
-
2020
- 2020-11-16 CN CN202011280760.4A patent/CN112267856A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201865648U (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-06-15 | 大庆石油管理局 | Horizontal well perforating gun |
| CN104929591A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-23 | 西安物华巨能爆破器材有限责任公司 | Inner orientation interception fixed-jet-angle multistage pulse enhanced-perforator |
| CN205990902U (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-01 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of orientation hydraulic jet perforation instrument |
| CN210509128U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-05-12 | 盐城他山石液压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic ejector |
| CN211648106U (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing device for directional perforation fracturing of horizontal well |
| CN111364978A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-03 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Well kick and leakage monitoring device and monitoring method |
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Application publication date: 20210126 |
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