CN110056333B - Hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110056333B CN110056333B CN201910222697.XA CN201910222697A CN110056333B CN 110056333 B CN110056333 B CN 110056333B CN 201910222697 A CN201910222697 A CN 201910222697A CN 110056333 B CN110056333 B CN 110056333B
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- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and a using method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: all parts are connected in series through oil pipe buckles, the centralizer is connected with an underground high-pressure movement and speed control system through a buckle changing connector, the lower end of the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system is connected with one group or more than one group of cutting assemblies, each group of cutting assemblies consists of a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer, a directional spray gun and a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer, each group of cutting assemblies is connected through an oil pipe short section, and the tail end of each group of cutting assemblies is connected to a sand filter pipe and a guider through a one-way valve. The beneficial effects are that: the hydraulic sand blasting oriented perforation and fixed-length and oriented slot cutting of a plurality of layers can be realized, and the working modes of the oriented perforation and the oriented slot cutting can be freely switched; in addition, the hydraulic sand-blasting perforation and the slotting can not cause compaction damage of a near-well stratum, and the recovery ratio of a reservoir stratum is greatly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a well completion device in the field of oil and gas field development and a using method thereof, in particular to a hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and a using method thereof.
Background
Perforation and fracturing are common methods for improving oil and gas recovery ratio, most of the existing perforations are based on conventional shaped perforation (shell perforation), and the hole distribution mode is generally uniform spiral hole distribution, so that the trend of reservoir fractures is unpredictable during subsequent fracturing operation, further, the fractures between different sections are overlapped and interpenetrated, the fracturing effect is poor, the perforation completion degree is low, the yield is low, the perforation penetration depth is insufficient, and the like, so that the production effect is limited, therefore, the conventional perforation technology is eliminated, and is replaced by the directional perforation technology, and meanwhile, in order to further increase the seepage area and improve the reservoir permeability, the directional slotting technology can also be adopted;
the two technical methods are not mutually replaced, but have the advantages and disadvantages:
(1) the directional perforation technology comprises the following steps: its advantages are short operation time, less liquid consumption, low cost and less influence to strength; the defects are that the problems of hole blockage, small communication area between a reservoir and a shaft, large oil and gas flow resistance and the like exist.
(2) Directional slotting technology: the method has the advantages that the communication area between the reservoir and the shaft is large, the control volume of the reservoir is superior to that of a directional perforation technology, the flow resistance of oil and gas can be further reduced, and the promotion range of the permeability of the reservoir is larger; the disadvantages are long operation time, large liquid consumption, high cost and adverse effect on strength to a certain extent.
Therefore, the directional perforation technology and the directional slotting technology need to be optimized and integrated, integrated technical equipment is developed, applicable technologies can be flexibly selected at different positions according to the well structure and the reservoir characteristics, and a brand-new solution is provided for efficient development of oil and gas resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and a using method thereof.
The invention provides a hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device, which adopts the technical scheme that: the device comprises a centralizer (1), a buckle changing joint (2), an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3), a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer (4), a directional spray gun (5), an oil pipe short section (6), a one-way valve (7), a sand filter pipe and a guider (8); the parts are connected in series through the oil pipe buckle, the centralizer (1) is connected with the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3) through the buckle changing joint (2), the lower end of the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3) is connected with one or more cutting assemblies, each cutting assembly is composed of a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer (4), a directional spray gun (5) and a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer (4), each cutting assembly is connected through an oil pipe short section (6), and the tail end of each cutting assembly is connected to a sand filter pipe and a guider (8) through a one-way valve (7).
Preferably, the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system (3) is an external structure formed by a connecting end cover (3-1), a return spring short joint (3-6) and a central rotating shaft (3-8), and simultaneously, a left chamber (3-2) and a right chamber (3-4) which can contain hydraulic oil are constructed and formed in the inner part of the hydraulic oil tank, a plurality of sections of return springs (3-7) are arranged between every two connected return spring short joints (3-6), a one-way valve (3-3) with a spring and an adjustable throttle valve (3-9) are arranged on the central rotating shaft (3-8), a spring pressure plate (3-5) is arranged on the contact surface of the one-way valve and the adjustable throttle valve with a return spring (3-7), the one-way flow of the hydraulic oil from the left chamber (3-2) to the right chamber (3-3) is realized through the one-way valve (3-3) with the spring.
Preferably, the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer (4) comprises a front end cover (4-1), a body (4-2), a rear end cover (4-7) and a rotating shaft (4-8) to form an installation place of a bearing (4-6), lubricating oil is filled in a cavity between the bearing (4-6) and the rotating shaft (4-8), and driving torque required by rotation of the rotating shaft (4-8) can be greatly reduced through the bearing (4-6); a plurality of side wings (4-3) are welded on the outer wall of the body (4-2), the righting block (4-5) is embedded in the groove of the side wing (4-3), and a return spring (4-4) is arranged between the side wings and the righting block.
Preferably, the directional spray gun (5) comprises a directional spray gun body (5-2), a nozzle sleeve (5-3), a nozzle (5-4) and a nozzle pressing cap (5-5), the geometric center of the oil pipe buckle at two ends of the directional spray gun (5) is greatly deviated from the geometric center of the directional spray gun body (5-2), and the overall gravity center of the directional spray gun (5) is deviated to the lower part; the directional spray gun is characterized in that a plurality of nozzles (5-4) are arranged in the directional spray gun body (5-2), the nozzles (5-4) are fixedly connected with the nozzle sleeve (5-3) in a bonding mode, the nozzle sleeve (5-3) is screwed on the directional spray gun body (5-2) through threads, and a nozzle pressing cap (5-5) is screwed between the inlet section of the nozzle (5-4) and the nozzle sleeve (5-3).
Preferably, the outer wall of the directional spray gun body (5-2) is provided with a hard alloy splash-proof sleeve (5-1).
The arrangement of the nozzles (5-4) on the directional lance can be a circumferential arrangement or a helical arrangement.
Preferably, the check valve (7) comprises a check valve body (7-1), a ball seat (7-2) and a sealing ball (7-3), the ball seat (7-2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the check valve body (7-1) and matched with the ball seat (7-2) through the sealing ball (7-3), the contact part of the sealing ball (7-3) and the ball seat (7-2) needs nitriding treatment, and the roughness is controlled within Ra 0.8.
Preferably, the sand filtering pipe and the guider (8) are formed by connecting the sand filtering pipe (8-1) and the guider (8-3), a plurality of holes (8-2) are processed between the sand filtering pipe (8-1) and the guider (8-3), and during reverse circulation well flushing operation, well flushing liquid enters the hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device through the holes (8-2) and returns to the ground.
Preferably, the number of the slotting groups is controlled by the number of the directional spray guns (5) which are connected in series, the number of the slotting of each group is controlled by the installation number of the nozzles on the directional spray guns (5), and the slot interval is determined by the length of the oil pipe nipple (6); the length of the gap is determined by the working stroke of a return spring (3-7) on the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system (3) and the lengths of the left chamber (3-2) and the right chamber (3-4).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydraulic sand blasting oriented perforation and fixed-length and oriented slot cutting of a plurality of layers can be realized, and the working modes of the oriented perforation and the oriented slot cutting can be freely switched; in addition, the hydraulic sand-blasting perforation and the slotting can not cause compaction damage of a near-well stratum, and the recovery ratio of a reservoir is greatly increased; the hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and the use method thereof are suitable for various fields of conventional oil gas, shale oil gas, coal bed gas and natural gas hydrate development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the global structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a downhole high-pressure movement and speed control system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the high pressure rotary telescoping centralizer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the directional lance;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the directional lance;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view A-A of the directional lance;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a check valve;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sand screen and a guide;
in the upper diagram: the device comprises a centralizer 1, a buckle changing joint 2, an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3, a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4, a directional spray gun 5, an oil pipe short section 6, a one-way valve 7, a sand filter pipe and a guider 8;
a connecting end cover 3-1, a left chamber 3-2, a one-way valve with a spring 3-3, a right chamber 3-4, a spring pressure plate 3-5, a return spring short section 3-6, a return spring 3-7, a central rotating shaft 3-8 and an adjustable throttle valve 3-9,
the spray gun comprises a front end cover 4-1, a body 4-2, a side wing 4-3, a return spring 4-4, a centering block 4-5, a bearing 4-6, a rear end cover 4-7, a rotating shaft 4-8, a hard alloy splash-proof sleeve 5-1, a directional spray gun body 5-2, a nozzle sleeve 5-3, a nozzle 5-4, a nozzle press cap 5-5, a one-way valve main body 7-1, a ball seat 7-2, a sealing ball 7-3, a sand filter pipe 8-1, an eyelet 8-2 and a guider 8-3.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device provided by the invention has the technical scheme that: the device comprises a centralizer 1, a buckle changing joint 2, an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3, a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4, a directional spray gun 5, an oil pipe short section 6, a one-way valve 7, a sand filter pipe and a guider 8; the parts are serially connected through an oil pipe buckle, the centralizer 1 is connected with an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 through a buckle changing connector 2, the lower end of the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 is connected with one or more groups of cutting assemblies, each group of cutting assemblies consists of a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer 4, a directional spray gun 5 and a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer 4, each group of cutting assemblies is connected through an oil pipe short section 6, and the tail end of each group of cutting assemblies is connected to a sand filter pipe and a guider 8 through a one-way valve 7.
Referring to the attached figure 2, the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 is characterized in that an external structure of the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system is composed of a connecting end cover 3-1, a return spring short section 3-6 and a central rotating shaft 3-8, meanwhile, a left chamber 3-2 and a right chamber 3-4 which can contain hydraulic oil are formed in the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system, a plurality of sections of return springs 3-7 are arranged between every two connected return spring short sections 3-6, a one-way valve with a spring 3-3 and an adjustable throttle valve 3-9 are arranged on the central rotating shaft 3-8, a spring pressing plate 3-5 is arranged on the contact surface of the return springs 3-7, and hydraulic oil flows to the right chamber 3-3 from the left chamber 3-2 in a one-way through the one-way valve with the spring 3-3. Controlling the slotting speed by adjusting the flow area of the hydraulic oil; the return spring retracts the central rotating shaft, the high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer, the directional spray gun, the oil pipe short section, the one-way valve, the sand filter pipe and the guider to the initial position, and the one-way valve with the spring ensures the quick recovery of the sand filter pipe and the guider; the return spring can be connected in series with a plurality of sections according to the friction force between the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer and the casing or the borehole open hole to effectively increase the installation precompression force and ensure the recovery reliability, and meanwhile, when a slotting mode is implemented, the directional spray gun is ensured not to generate displacement under the lower pump pressure, and the displacement is generated after the pressure is increased.
Referring to the attached drawings 3-4, the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4 is characterized in that a front end cover 4-1, a body 4-2, a rear end cover 4-7 and a rotating shaft 4-8 form an installation place of a bearing 4-6, lubricating oil is filled in a cavity between the bearing 4-6 and the rotating shaft 4-8, and the driving torque required by the rotation of the rotating shaft 4-8 can be greatly reduced through the bearing 4-6; six side wings 4-3 are welded on the outer wall of the body 4-2, a righting block 4-5 is embedded in a groove of the side wing 4-3, and a return spring 4-4 is arranged between the two; in the process of running and slotting operation, the six centering blocks 4-5 are pressed to compress the return springs 4-4, the return springs are supported on the inner wall of a casing or a borehole under the action of the elastic force of the springs to play a role in centering, and the rotating shafts 4-8 can rotate freely.
Referring to the attached drawings 5-7, the directional spray gun 5 comprises a directional spray gun body 5-2, a nozzle sleeve 5-3, a nozzle 5-4 and a nozzle pressing cap 5-5, the geometric center of oil pipe buckles at two ends of the directional spray gun 5 is greatly deviated from the geometric center of the directional spray gun body 5-2, and the integral gravity center of the directional spray gun 5 is deviated to the lower part; the directional spray gun comprises a directional spray gun body 5-2, a plurality of nozzles 5-4 are arranged in the directional spray gun body 5-2, the nozzles 5-4 are fixedly connected with a nozzle sleeve 5-3 in a bonding mode, the nozzle sleeve 5-3 is screwed on the directional spray gun body 5-2 through threads, and a nozzle pressure cap 5-5 is screwed between an inlet section of the nozzles 5-4 and the nozzle sleeve 5-3. The function of the flushing device is to prevent flushing liquid from flushing the nozzles 5-4 in the process of backwashing the well; meanwhile, in order to prevent the erosion and abrasion of the directional spray gun 5 caused by high-speed return flow in the perforation or slotting process, a hard alloy anti-splash sleeve 5-1 is arranged on the outer wall of the directional spray gun body 5-2 so as to prolong the service life.
Referring to the attached figure 8, the check valve 7 comprises a check valve body 7-1, a ball seat 7-2 and a sealing ball 7-3, the ball seat 7-2 is arranged in an inner cavity of the check valve body 7-1, the sealing ball 7-3 is matched with the ball seat 7-2, in order to guarantee the sealing effect and reduce abrasion, the contact part of the sealing ball 7-3 and the ball seat 7-2 needs nitriding treatment, and the roughness is controlled within Ra 0.8.
Referring to the attached figure 9, the sand filtering pipe and the guider 8 are formed by connecting a sand filtering pipe 8-1 and a guider 8-3, a plurality of holes 8-2 are processed between the sand filtering pipe 8-1 and the guider 8-3, and during reverse circulation well washing operation, well washing liquid enters the hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device through the holes 8-2 and returns to the ground.
Preferably, the number of the slotting groups is controlled by the number of the directional spray guns 5 connected in series, the number of the slotting of each group is controlled by the installation number of the nozzles on the directional spray guns 5, and the slot distance is determined by the length of the oil pipe short joint 6; the length of the gap is determined by the working stroke of a return spring 3-7 on the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system 3 and the lengths of a left chamber 3-2 and a right chamber 3-4.
The invention provides a using method of a hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) directional slot embodiment
Connecting according to the mode shown in the attached figure 1, and selecting the number of the directional spray guns 5 according to the requirement of the number of the slotting groups; selecting the number of the nozzles 5-4 on the directional spray gun 5 according to the requirement of the number of the slots in each group; selecting the length of the oil pipe nipple 6 according to the requirement of the gap distance; selecting the working stroke of a return spring 3-7 on the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system 3 and the lengths of a left chamber 3-2 and a right chamber 3-4 according to the seam length requirement; after the connection is finished, a drill rod or an oil pipe is connected at the left end of the centralizer 1 (a standard component), the whole tool string is put into a well from the ground and then is put to an operation layer, six centralizing blocks 4-5 on the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4 are pressed to compress a return spring 4-4, and the spring elasticity of the return spring is increasedThe support is supported on the inner wall of the casing or the borehole to play a role in strengthening the body; the directional spray gun 5 ensures that the nozzles 5-4 always face the preset slotting positions respectively under the action of the eccentric torque, so that the function of directional slotting is realized; starting a ground pump after throwing a sealing ball 7-3, and setting the sealing ball 7-3 at a ball seat 7-2 of the one-way valve seat 7-1; then the ground pump is pressurized to a pumping pressure P1, and the high-pressure abrasive slurry gradually enters a nozzle 5-4 on the directional spray gun 5 through the inner cavity of the drill rod or the oil pipe; at the same time, the pump pressure P1 acts on the ball seat 7-2 to generate a pressure F1, but F1 has a value less than the sum F of the precompression forces of the multi-stage return springs 3-7 in the downhole high pressure travel and speed control system 2General assemblyThus, the directional lance 5 remains stationary to ensure that the high pressure abrasive slurry has sufficient time to enter the nozzle 5-4; after a certain time, the pressure of the surface pump is raised to P2, and the pressure F2 & gtF is generated at the ball seat 7-2General assemblyThe underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 is characterized in that a central rotating shaft 3-8 and a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer 4, a directional spray gun 5, an oil pipe nipple 6, a one-way valve 7, a sand filtering pipe and a guider 8 on the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 slowly move to gradually compress a return spring 3-7 on the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3, and simultaneously a nozzle 5-4 modulates high-pressure abrasive slurry to form high-speed abrasive jet flow for slotting, wherein the slotting speed is determined by the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3 and is technically characterized in that: the one-way valve 3-3 with the spring only allows hydraulic oil to flow from the left chamber 3-2 to the right chamber 3-3, but does not allow the hydraulic oil to flow reversely, the hydraulic oil only can flow from the right chamber 3-3 to the left chamber 3-2 through the adjustable throttle valve 3-9, the flow can be accurately controlled by changing the flow area of the adjustable throttle valve 3-9, and the moving speed of the directional spray gun 5 is further controlled.
After the slotting is finished, the ground pump is stopped to release the pressure, the central rotating shaft 3-8, the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4, the directional spray gun 5, the oil pipe nipple 6, the one-way valve 7, the sand filter pipe and the guider 8 are retracted to the initial position under the action of the elastic force stored by the return spring 3-7, in the process, the hydraulic oil flows from the left chamber 3-2 to the right chamber 3-3, and the overflowing area of the one-way valve 3-3 with the spring is far larger than that of the adjustable throttle valve 3-9, so the retraction time of the components is short; it is to be noted in particular that: to ensure the reliability of the retraction of the above components, the multiple sections of return springs 3-7 can be connected in series according to the friction between the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4 and the mounting precompression force can be increased, and the multiple sections of return springs 3-7 must be isolated from each other (i.e. not connected end to end) to effectively increase the mounting precompression force.
After one layer operation is finished, positive cycle replacement is carried out on the underground high-pressure abrasive slurry by using a displacement liquid; in addition, a well flushing liquid can be pumped between the annular space of the tool string and the annular space of the tool string for reverse circulation well flushing, the sealing ball 7-3 is recovered, the whole tool string is lifted to the next layer, and the process is continuously repeated until all slots are finished.
(2) Directional perforating embodiments
And completely closing the adjustable throttle valve 3-9 on the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3, or dismantling the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system 3.
Selecting the number of the directional spray guns 5 according to the requirement of the number of the perforation groups; selecting the number of the nozzles 5-4 on the directional spray gun 5 according to the requirement of the number of the perforations in each group; selecting the length of the oil pipe short section 6 according to the requirement of the distance between each group of perforation; after connection is finished, a drill rod or an oil pipe is connected to the left end of the centralizer 1 (a standard component), the whole tool string is put into a well from the ground and then is put to an operation layer, six centralizing blocks 4-5 on the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4 are pressed to compress a return spring 4-4, and the return spring is supported on the inner wall of a casing or a borehole under the action of the elastic force of the spring to play a role in centralizing; the directional spray gun 5 ensures that the nozzles 5-4 always face the preset perforation positions respectively under the action of the eccentric torque, so that the function of directional perforation is realized; starting a ground pump after throwing a sealing ball 7-3, and setting the sealing ball 7-3 at a ball seat 7-2 of the one-way valve seat 7-1; then the high-pressure abrasive slurry gradually enters a nozzle 5-4 on the directional spray gun 5 through the inner cavity of the drill rod or the oil pipe, and the high-pressure abrasive slurry is modulated by the nozzle 5-4 to form high-speed abrasive jet flow for perforating; after the perforation is finished, the surface pump uses the displacement liquid to carry out positive cycle displacement on the underground high-pressure abrasive slurry; in addition, a well washing liquid can be pumped between the annular space of the tool string and the annular space of the tool string to carry out reverse circulation well washing, the sealing balls 7-3 are recovered, the whole tool string is lifted to the next layer position, and the process is continuously repeated until all the perforations are finished.
As mentioned above, it is only a part of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it can be flexibly changed, for example, according to the difference of the well structure, the high pressure rotary telescopic centralizer 4 can select 3-6 or more side wings 4-3 according to the size; the orientation of the nozzle 5-4 on the directional lance 5 may be any position; the number of the nozzles 5-4 can be increased or decreased randomly; the arrangement of the nozzles 5-4 on the directional lance 5 may be any of a circumferential arrangement, a helical arrangement, and the like. Any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them to equivalent solutions. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a directional sandblast perforation of water conservancy and slot integrated device which characterized by: the device comprises a centralizer I (1), a buckle changing joint (2), an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3), a high-pressure rotating telescopic centralizer (4), a directional spray gun (5), an oil pipe short section (6), a one-way valve (7), a sand filter pipe and a guider (8); the parts are connected in series through oil pipe buckles, a centralizer I (1) is connected with an underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3) through a buckle changing connector (2), the lower end of the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3) is connected with one or more groups of cutting assemblies, each group of cutting assemblies consists of a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer (4), a directional spray gun (5) and a high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer (4), each group of cutting assemblies is connected through an oil pipe short section (6), and the tail end of each group of cutting assemblies is connected to a sand filter pipe and a guider (8) through a one-way valve (7);
the underground high-pressure moving and speed control system (3) is an external structure formed by a connecting end cover (3-1), a return spring short joint (3-6) and a central rotating shaft (3-8), and simultaneously, a left chamber (3-2) and a right chamber (3-4) which can contain hydraulic oil are constructed and formed in the inner part of the hydraulic oil tank, a plurality of sections of return springs (3-7) are arranged between every two connected return spring short joints (3-6), a one-way valve (3-3) with a spring and an adjustable throttle valve (3-9) are arranged on the central rotating shaft (3-8), a spring pressure plate (3-5) is arranged on the contact surface of the one-way valve and the adjustable throttle valve with a return spring (3-7), hydraulic oil flows from the left chamber (3-2) to the right chamber (3-4) in a single direction through the one-way valve (3-3) with the spring;
the high-pressure rotary telescopic centralizer (4) comprises a front end cover (4-1), a body (4-2), a rear end cover (4-7) and a rotating shaft (4-8) to form an installation place of a bearing (4-6), lubricating oil is filled in a cavity between the bearing (4-6) and the rotating shaft (4-8), and driving torque required by rotation of the rotating shaft (4-8) is reduced through the bearing (4-6); a plurality of side wings (4-3) are welded on the outer wall of the body (4-2), the centering blocks (4-5) are embedded in the grooves of the side wings (4-3), and return springs (4-4) are arranged between the centering blocks and the side wings;
the directional spray gun (5) comprises a directional spray gun body (5-2), a spray nozzle sleeve (5-3), a spray nozzle (5-4) and a spray nozzle pressing cap (5-5), the geometric centers of oil pipe buckles at two ends of the directional spray gun (5) and the geometric center of the directional spray gun body (5-2) have deviation, and the integral gravity center of the directional spray gun (5) is deviated to the lower part; the directional spray gun is characterized in that a plurality of nozzles (5-4) are arranged in the directional spray gun body (5-2), the nozzles (5-4) are fixedly connected with the nozzle sleeve (5-3) in a bonding mode, the nozzle sleeve (5-3) is screwed on the directional spray gun body (5-2) through threads, and a nozzle pressing cap (5-5) is screwed between the inlet section of the nozzle (5-4) and the nozzle sleeve (5-3).
2. The integrated hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the directional spray gun body (5-2) is provided with a hard alloy splash-proof sleeve (5-1).
3. The integrated hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arrangement mode of the nozzles (5-4) on the directional spray gun is circumferential arrangement or spiral arrangement.
4. The integrated hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the check valve (7) comprises a check valve main body (7-1), a ball seat (7-2) and a sealing ball (7-3), wherein the ball seat (7-2) is arranged in an inner cavity of the check valve main body (7-1) and matched with the ball seat (7-2) through the sealing ball (7-3), the contact part of the sealing ball (7-3) and the ball seat (7-2) needs nitriding treatment, and the roughness is controlled within Ra 0.8.
5. The integrated hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand filtering pipe and the guider (8) are formed by connecting the sand filtering pipe (8-1) and the guider (8-3), a plurality of holes (8-2) are processed between the sand filtering pipe (8-1) and the guider (8-3), and during reverse circulation well flushing operation, well flushing liquid enters the hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device through the holes (8-2) and returns to the ground.
6. The integrated hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the slotting groups is controlled by the number of the directional spray guns (5) which are connected in series, the number of the slotting of each group is controlled by the installation number of the nozzles on the directional spray guns (5), and the slot interval is determined by the length of the oil pipe short joint (6); the length of the gap is determined by the working stroke of a return spring (3-7) on the underground high-pressure movement and speed control system (3) and the lengths of the left chamber (3-2) and the right chamber (3-4).
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| CN201910222697.XA CN110056333B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and using method thereof |
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| CN201910222697.XA CN110056333B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Hydraulic directional sand blasting perforation and slotting integrated device and using method thereof |
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| CN110056333B true CN110056333B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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| CN114482895B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-05-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Ultrahigh-pressure abrasive jet cutting system and method for abandoned shaft of offshore oil production platform |
| CN115126465B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2023-07-25 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Hydraulic slotting fracturing string and anti-reflection device |
| CN115614007B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-07 | 龙口市通达油管有限公司 | Coiled tubing sandblast perforating device |
| CN116220644B (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2024-05-28 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Horizontal directional slotting method, horizontal directional slotting device and directional method thereof |
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