CN105545207A

CN105545207A - Reaming screw drill tool for orientation

Info

Publication number: CN105545207A
Application number: CN201610045621.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳林; 于广海; 朱杰; 袁雷; 魏岳
Original assignee: DEZHOU UNITED PETROLEUM MACHINERY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dezhou United Petroleum Polytron Technologies Inc
Priority date: 2016-01-23
Filing date: 2016-01-23
Publication date: 2016-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-23
Also published as: CN105545207B

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaming screw drill tool for orientation. The reaming screw drill tool comprises a rotor, a shell, a centralizer and a reaming cutter, wherein the centralizer is arranged on the shell and provided with a plurality of first guide holes in the radial direction and first pistons arranged in the first guide holes, and the first pistons are connected with correcting blocks; the reaming cutter is arranged at the head end of the rotor and provided with a plurality of second guide holes in the radial direction and second pistons arranged in the second guide holes, and second pistons are connected with cutting cutter wings; an inner hole in the rotor segment where the centralizer and the reaming cutter are located is a mud hole, and a sealing cavity is communicated with the first guide holes and the second guide holes through the mud hole. The screw drill tool has good correcting adaptability.

Description

A kind of orientation uses reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor, specifically a kind of helicoid hydraulic motor that can realize well and expand in orientation process.

Background technology

Along with the development of petroleum exploration and development technology, drilling technology, the drilling technologies such as directional well, cluster well, horizontal well obtain applying more and more widely.

In current petroleum drilling and mining process, because helicoid hydraulic motor has stronger deflecting ability and wider build angle rate scope, helicoid hydraulic motor is widely used in positioning operation process.In orientation process, the curved housing bent angle direction of helicoid hydraulic motor cannot change, and the motor of helicoid hydraulic motor is now just to provide the unique channel of drill bit power, and when rotating disk starts, this directional effect of helicoid hydraulic motor just disappears.

Existing hole reaming tool has mechanical, there is fluid pressure type, but the moment of torsion that the dial rotation that the power resources of this kind of hole reaming tool all come from favourable turn passes out, because bent angle direction constantly can change with dial rotation, so the hole reaming tool on market cannot realize orientating function.

Helicoid hydraulic motor drives bit in drilling process, get out borehole diameter to be determined by bit diameter size, suppose helicoid hydraulic motor and hole reaming tool to be combinationally used (whether can combinationally use and also not be verified), namely hole reaming tool rotary drilling is simultaneously with to reach reaming hole object, but the centralizer now on helicoid hydraulic motor housing does not just have the effect of the righting borehole wall along with the expansion of well, have a strong impact on build angle rate like this, cannot directional inclination have been reached.

In addition, helicoid hydraulic motor in use, inevitably runs into easily contracting stratum, such as gypsum stratum, and by the extruding on easy contracting stratum, the directional drilling of helicoid hydraulic motor and drilling tool make a trip and be very restricted.

Chinese patent literature CN104948122A discloses a kind of ball type centralizer for helicoid hydraulic motor, it comprises body and ball, wherein body is bead type structure, for stationary structure, the body of its stationary structure determines its use and can be very restricted, such as can not become large along with reaming hole, thus righting effect cannot be played.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor based on slurry transportation pressure with righting adaptability.

The present invention is by the following technical solutions:

A kind of orientation uses reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor, comprising:

Rotor, this rotor is the screw rod with multi-head spiral;

Shell, is sleeved on rotor and forms stator, and forms multiple annular seal space for slurry conveyed based on described multi-head spiral between rotor;

Centralizer, is arranged on shell, and have the first guide hole that multiple radial direction is arranged, and be arranged on the first piston of the first guide hole, wherein first piston is connected with wiper block;

Reaming hole cutter, is arranged on rotor head end, and have the second guide hole that multiple radial direction is arranged, and be arranged on the second piston of the second guide hole, wherein the second piston is connected with cutting wing;

Wherein, the endoporus of the rotor section at centralizer and reaming hole cutter place is mud hole, and annular seal space is communicated with the second guide hole with the first guide hole by mud hole.

Above-mentioned orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor, alternatively, comprise and the Part I of the second guide hole coaxial line and parallel with Part I and be arranged on the Part III be communicated with mud hole on rear side of reaming hole cutter for being communicated with mud hole and the hydraulic channel of the second guide hole, and be communicated with the Part II of Part I and Part III at rotor axial.

Preferably, the length of Part II and the draw ratio of mud bore dia are 10:1 ~ 16:1.

Preferably, the two ends of described wiper block two ends and cutting wing are equipped with chamfering.

In certain embodiments, in the first guide hole, be provided with the resetting means resetted for wiper block, in the second guide hole, be provided with the resetting means resetted for cutting wing.

In further embodiments, described first guide hole and the second guide hole are circular hole, and correspondingly, first piston and the second piston are circular piston;

Wiper block is the bar blocks arranged along rotor axial, and correspondingly, shell is provided with the first bar shaped guide hole to wiper block guiding, the resetting means resetted for wiper block is arranged in the first bar shaped guide hole;

Cut wing be along rotor axial arrange bar shaped cut wing, correspondingly, rotor is provided with to bite flyer lead to the second bar shaped guide hole, for cut wing reset resetting means be arranged in the second bar shaped guide hole.

Further, described first resetting means is each spring arranged corresponding to the two ends in wiper block bar shaped direction, and corresponding two springs are arranged about the axis for axis symmetry of the first guide hole.

Alternatively, described wiper block has 3 ~ 6.

Alternatively, described wiper block comprises the block with embedding groove, is inlaid with insert and forms the braced structures of wiper block in embedding groove.

Alternatively, by bearing assemble between described rotor and stator, and bearing is positioned at the rear side of the first guide hole in the position of rotor axial.

According to the present invention, utilize the conveying pressure of mud cleverly, realize expansion and the retraction of centralizer and reaming hole cutter, during reaming hole state, mud is sent by slush pump, mud forms the slurry flows with certain pressure intensity in mud hole, for it arranges bypass, be communicated with the guide hole of centralizer and reaming hole cutter, drive corresponding piston, thus corresponding wiper block and bite chord are opened, especially wiper block, can adapt to the size of the boring after reaming hole, its righting diameter of adaptive adjustment, thus has good compliance.After stopping brill, slush pump stops, and wiper block and cutting wing are retracted, and integral diameter diminishes, and is conducive to screw rod drill bit and exits.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is according to a kind of orientation reaming hole screw rod perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional structure schematic diagram of orientation reaming hole screw rod.

Fig. 3 is the A portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the C portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the B portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.

In figure: 1. rotor, 2. shell (i.e. stator), 3. centralizer, 4. reaming hole cutter, 5. mud hole, 6. lining, 7. sealing shroud, 8. bearing.

31. wiper blocks, 32. hydraulic channels, 33. chamferings, 34. inserts, 35. pistons, 36. guide holes, 37. springs, 38. assemblies, 39. righting blocks.

41. cut wing, 42. hydraulic channels, 43. chamferings, 44. cutting edges, 45. pistons, 46. guide holes, 47. springs.

Detailed description of the invention

In helicoid hydraulic motor technical field, screw rod is head end or front end in the front of drilling direction, correspondingly, the other end is tail end or rear end, thus, in orientation, end to end with front and back for helicoid hydraulic motor clearly limits, meanwhile, the accessory on helicoid hydraulic motor be also with this understanding by this end to end or front and back limited.

In addition, helicoid hydraulic motor is also based on rotating the lead plug realized, and thus, the radial direction adapted, axis, circumference all limited with drilling direction or rotor 1, housing 2.

Structure shown in Fig. 1 is a kind of basic structure of orientation reaming hole screw rod, and figure rotor 1, for connecting screw rod driller motor, provides lead plug power, housing 2 can with screw drilling tool motor one, be all Immobile parts in the circumferential.

The spiro rod section assembly structure of rotor 1 and shell 2 is not shown in Fig. 1, rotor 1 has multi-head spiral usually, and form screw rod, the inner surface of shell 2 is the face of cylinder, thus multi-head spiral coordinates with the inner surface of shell 2 and forms multiple spiral annular seal space, for slurry conveyed.At bit part, from the mud of annular seal space conveying via the endoporus of rotor 1, namely mud hole 5 exports.

Thus the centralizer 3 be arranged on housing 2 is also Immobile in the circumference of housing 2.

Centralizer 3 rightings be reaming hole cutter 4, for ensureing reaming hole cutter 4 attitude, in other words for the orientation of reaming hole cutter 4.

Lead plug needs cutting fluid, and cutting fluid main component is water, and the mixture of various chemical industry cutting fluid and water is referred to as mud, and use slush pump to be pumped by mud, the arrow from left to right in Fig. 2 in mud hole 5 represents the direction that mud pumps.

Even if do not consider pumping pressure, the mud column going deep into stratum also has very large mud pressure, thus centralizer 3 and reaming hole cutter 4 press the maintenance of the expansion state realized to be more stable based on mud.

Rotor 1 is to provide the parts cutting power, be connected with the power of driller motor for reaming hole cutter 4, wherein the endoporus of this rotor 1 (outside screw portion) part is the mud hole 5 for slurry conveyed, as shown in Figure 2, for by the conveying of mud to drill bit side.

Configure shell 2, shell 2 does not rotate comparatively speaking simultaneously, is static in other words in circumference, and general and rotor 1 is formed and is rotationally connected, such as, by connection that bearing 8 is formed.Comparatively speaking, shell 2 forms stator, is namely fixedly installed relative to rotor 1.

As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, stator is the carrier of centralizer 3, for the orientation of reaming hole cutter 4, thus, its needs are reliably located in well, as described in the background section, if adopt the centralizer 3 of radial fixed structure, along with the cutting of reaming hole cutter 4, well can expand, and the orientation of centralizer 3 declines.

In the present invention, centralizer 3 is still arranged on shell 2, but its wiper block 31 adopts setting of floating, and namely can also become large along with its overall diameter of axle of the expansion of well (the equivalent diameter of axle).

Particularly, centralizer 3 has multiple radial direction and arranges guide hole 36, such as, 4 guide holes 36 shown in Fig. 1 and 2, and these guide holes 36 need to be communicated with mud hole 5.

Because shell 2 and the basic structure of rotor 1 are the structures that coaxial line assemble, therefore, the guide hole 36 of radial setting, can be realized and being communicated with of mud hole 5 by radial hole.

Be static relative to rotor 1 in circumference due to shell 2, therefore, can distribute circumferentially at guide hole 36, offer an annular groove at the inwall of shell 2, this annular groove is used for the connection of all guide holes 36.

Correspondingly, rotor 1 offers some side openings corresponding to the position of annular groove, formation annular groove is communicated with mud hole 5, thus forms the stationary member of rotary pair and being communicated with of hydraulic channel on dynamic component 32.

The Structure composing at guide hole 36 place is cylinder body, for each guide hole 36 arranges a piston 35, thus, when slush pump is started working, the right side in mud mud hole 5 from figure is pumped to the left, and the mud with certain pressure intensity flows into hydraulic channel 32, promotes piston 35 and moves to the centrifugal side of guide hole 36.

Because wiper block 31 is arranged on piston 35, so wiper block 31 is just provided with outwardly directed ability, namely to the ability of centrifugal side movement, generally speaking, becomes centralizer 3 to be now in open configuration.As previously mentioned, because mud pressure ratio is higher, the centralizer 3 opened has metastable state.

Certainly, the range of wiper block 31 needs to be limited, in its impulse stroke, belong to floating, thus adapts to the well of different-diameter, thus has extraordinary compliance.

For reaming hole cutter 4, adopt the setting similar with centralizer 3, it cuts wing 41 and adopts floating setting, but be different from the setting of centralizer 3, cut wing 41 and belong to cutting members, under the promotion of mud pressure, the stop of its impulse stroke can be arrived, i.e. centrifugal side stop, the problem that it doesn't matter floats.

Particularly, reaming hole cutter 4 is arranged on the head end of rotor 1, right-hand member as shown in Figure 2, see accompanying drawing 5, reaming hole cutter 4 has multiple radial direction and arranges and the guide hole 46 be communicated with described mud hole 5, the set-up mode difference to some extent of guide hole 46 and guide hole 36, but is identical from the application of mud pressure, namely by mud pressure, cutting wing 41 is released, allow reaming hole cutter 4 be in open configuration.

The principle of institute's foundation is also identical, is all to adopt piston structure, such as, piston 45 shown in Fig. 5, and piston 45 and guide hole 46 form piston structure.

In the state of spudding in, slush pump work, along with the beginning of cutting, cut wing 41 under mud pressure promotes the condition of piston 45, expansion puts in place (arriving centrifugal stop), carries out reaming hole operation.

Now, the extended degree adapted with cutting wing 41 of well, if centralizer 3 is fixedly installed, its support can be subject to larger restriction, and in the structure shown in Fig. 3, mud pressure can promote piston 35 and be extrapolated by wiper block 31 (centrifugal side), and centralizer 3 is supported on the borehole wall reliably.

In the limit travel of wiper block 31, its expansion changes along with the size of well, thus has good compliance, has the orientating function in different well in other words.

Because structure as Figure 1-5 employs mud pressure cleverly, and need not arrange special hydraulic dilatation equipment, it is relatively easy to manufacture and design.

During withdrawing, stop boring, slush pump also no longer works, wiper block 31 on centralizer 3 resets by the effect of external pressure or is forced to reset, cutting wing 41 on reaming hole cutter 4 also resets by the effect of external pressure or is forced to reset, not only easily to exit from well, and cut wing 41 and return, be not easy to damage well.

Because mud pressure ratio is higher, therefore, reaming hole cutter 4 can keep stable expansion attitude.Meanwhile, from processing complexity, the expansion structure employing of cutting wing 41 is also desirable with the identical structure of expansion structure of wiper block 31.Namely hydraulic channel 32 and hydraulic channel 42 all directly adopt radial hole.

In some preferred embodiments, although difficulty of processing increases, the expansion attitude of more stable reaming hole cutter 4 can be obtained.In the structure shown in Fig. 2, hydraulic channel 42 be not adopt simple radial hole, but by its import backward lateral deviation put, outlet then with guide hole 46 coaxial line.Head end aperture see reaming hole cutter 4 visible in Figure of description 2, figure is larger, and this place is the blank area of reducing, and mud pressure is relatively little, and due to reduced diameter portion mud pressure shakiness, fluctuation is larger in other words, can affect the job stability cutting wing 41.Therefore, adopt and hydraulic channel 42 is biased backward, be conducive to the job stability ensureing to cut wing 41.

Particularly, comprise and the Part I of the second guide hole coaxial line and parallel with Part I and be arranged on the Part III be communicated with mud hole 5 on rear side of reaming hole cutter 4 for being communicated with mud hole 5 and the hydraulic channel 42 of guide hole 46, and the Part II of Part I and Part III is axially communicated with at rotor 1, three parts that the concrete form of hydraulic channel 42 adopts are all straight holes, be beneficial to processing, and can effectively by rearmounted for the import of hydraulic channel 42, make the stability of mud pressure relatively good, thus it is relatively good to make cutting wing 41 extend out the stability of state.

Through on-the-spot test, when the length of Part II and the draw ratio of mud hole 5 diameter are about 12:1, the wellbore surface quality expanded is better, can land used, the length of Part II and the draw ratio of mud hole 5 diameter are 10:1 ~ 16:1, be still available selection, obviously, when draw ratio is relatively little, difficulty of processing is less, when draw ratio is larger, the stability of reaming hole cutter 4 can be better, but the import of hydraulic channel 42 selection flexibility with this understanding can be poor.

In addition, because reaming hole cutter 4 is directly installed on rotor 1, thus do not need the problem considering centralizer 3 is communicated with under hydraulic channel 42 revolving conditions, thus its difficulty of processing is relatively little.

As mentioned before, in certain embodiments, wiper block 31, cutting wing 41 can rely on external pressure to reset, namely the centripetal side to corresponding guide hole 36, guide hole 46 is moved, in order to more be conducive to withdrawing, the two ends of described wiper block 31 two ends and cutting wing 41 are equipped with chamfering, and this kind of structure is conducive to wiper block 31 and cuts the return of wing 41, and is also conducive to reaming hole screw rod from exiting well.

Further, in order to ensure accuracy and the rapidity of return, adopt forced resetting structure.

In some embodiments, can tested liquid cylinder pressure routine arrange, the resetting structure of piston 35 and piston 45 being arranged in corresponding guide hole, in guide hole 36, being namely provided with the resetting means resetted for wiper block 31, being provided with the resetting means resetted for cutting wing 41 at guide hole 46.This kind of structure, with reference to the reset mode of single-action hydraulic cylinder, does not repeat them here.

In further embodiments, adopt the external structure reset mode being different from single-action hydraulic cylinder, particularly see Figure of description 3 ~ 5, the resetting structure adapted is:

Described guide hole 36 and guide hole 46 are circular hole, and correspondingly, piston 35 and piston 45 are circular piston, and in order to improve the stability of operation, piston 35 and piston 45 all adopt piston structure.

As shown in Figure 1, wiper block 31 is the bar blocks axially arranged along rotor 1, correspondingly, shell 2 is provided with the first bar shaped guide hole led to wiper block 31, thus wiper block 31 is owing to being assembled together with piston 35, the cooperation of the first bar shaped guide hole and guide hole 36 forms dual-guiding structure, makes the assembly reliability of wiper block 31 better.

Meanwhile, the resetting means resetted for wiper block 31 is arranged in the first bar shaped guide hole, can reduce the difficulty that resetting means is arranged accordingly, namely will it not be arranged in darker guide hole 36.

Correspondingly, cutting wing 41 is that wing is cut in the bar shaped axially arranged along rotor 1, correspondingly, rotor 1 is provided with the second bar shaped guide hole led to cutting wing 41, based on same consideration, two guiding structural is conducive to making the assembly reliability of cutting wing 41 better.

And be arranged in the second bar shaped guide hole for the resetting means cutting wing 41 reset, the difficulty that resetting means is arranged can be reduced accordingly.

In a preferred embodiment, the such as setting of wiper block 31 resetting means, see accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, in figure, wiper block 31 is T-type structure, on centralizer 3 body, T-slot is formed by assembly 38, wiper block is arranged in T-slot, wiper block 31 can be restrained at the two ends of shell 2 axis, form outwardly directed peak discharge, namely the notch of T-slot forms the constraint adapted, notch place is respectively provided with a spring 37 corresponding to the both sides of the wiper block 31 of T-type structure, and corresponding two springs 37 are arranged about the axis for axis symmetry of guide hole 36, the axially symmetric structure formed has good reset function.

Assembly 38 is strip of sheet body, by screw fastening on centralizer 3.

Further, a kind of forced resetting structure of cutting wing 41 is found in Fig. 5, also adopts the described resetting structure be analogous in another embodiment of wiper block 31 in figure, namely adopts two springs 47 of axial symmetry distribution for cutting the reset of wing 41.

Better stability is needed, for the cross section of its piston 45 of joining can be relatively large, correspondingly, for spring 47 of its configuration can every two, side owing to cutting wing.

Be preferably 4 about described wiper block 31, as shown in Figure 1, become square distribution, in certain embodiments, there are three wiper blocks 31 and also can play good supporting role, but three can not be less than.

In certain embodiments, wiper block 31 at most uses 6, and time too many, not only support effect is not significantly improved, and difficulty of processing and cost also larger, also can slacken the larger intensity of housing generation.

In like manner, cut wing 41 and be typically chosen in 3 ~ 5, two can also be chosen as in certain embodiments, at most can not more than 5.

In order to improve maintainability, described wiper block 31 comprises the block with embedding groove, in embedding groove, be inlaid with insert 34 and form the braced structures of wiper block, being understandable that, the part that wiper block 31 easily lost efficacy is its centrifugal end structure, need to support, and produce with supporting surface and rub, if integral replacing can increase larger cost, if change frangible portions wherein, specifically support section, then can reduce use cost greatly.Adopt mosaic structure, can quick-replaceable be conducive to, improve maintainable.

Correspondingly, the cutting edge 44 cutting wing 41 also adopts replaceable structure, thus need not cut wing 41 by integral replacing, saves overall use cost.

In the structure shown in Fig. 2, assembled between described rotor 1 and stator 2 by bearing 8, as shown in Figure 2, figure middle (center) bearing 8 is expanded letter bearing, to improve the stability of revolving support.

Further, bearing 8 is positioned at the rear side of guide hole 36 in the position of rotor 1 axis, is beneficial to the setting of guide hole 36, and guide hole 36 can not the interference of shape matched bearings 8 in other words.

Claims

1. orientation uses a reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Rotor (1), this rotor (1) is for having the screw rod of multi-head spiral;

Shell (2), is sleeved on rotor (1) and forms stator, and and form multiple annular seal space for slurry conveyed based on described multi-head spiral between rotor (1);

Centralizer (3), is arranged on shell (2), and have the first guide hole that multiple radial direction is arranged, and be arranged on the first piston of the first guide hole, wherein first piston is connected with wiper block (31); And

Reaming hole cutter (4), is arranged on rotor (1) head end, has the second guide hole that multiple radial direction is arranged, and is arranged on the second piston of the second guide hole, and wherein the second piston is connected with and cuts wing (41);

Wherein, the endoporus of rotor (1) section at centralizer (3) and reaming hole cutter (4) place is mud hole (5), and annular seal space is communicated with the second guide hole with the first guide hole by mud hole (5).

2. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise and the Part I of the second guide hole coaxial line and Part III that is parallel with Part I and that be arranged on reaming hole cutter (4) rear side and be communicated with mud hole (5) for being communicated with mud hole (5) and the hydraulic channel (42) of the second guide hole, and be axially communicated with the Part II of Part I and Part III at rotor (1).

3. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the length of Part II and the draw ratio of mud hole (5) diameter are 10:1 ~ 16:1.

4., according to the arbitrary described orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described wiper block (31) two ends and cutting wing (41) are equipped with chamfering.

5. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 4, is characterized in that, is provided with the resetting means resetted for wiper block (31) in the first guide hole, is provided with the resetting means resetted for cutting wing in the second guide hole.

6. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described first guide hole and the second guide hole are circular hole, and correspondingly, first piston and the second piston are circular piston;

Wiper block (31) is the bar blocks axially arranged along rotor (1), correspondingly, shell (2) is provided with the first bar shaped guide hole led to wiper block (31), and the resetting means resetted for wiper block (31) is arranged in the first bar shaped guide hole;

Cutting wing (41) is that wing is cut in the bar shaped axially arranged along rotor (1), correspondingly, rotor (1) is provided with the second bar shaped guide hole led to cutting wing (41), and the resetting means resetted for cutting wing (41) is arranged in the second bar shaped guide hole.

7. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described first resetting means is each spring (37) arranged corresponding to the two ends in wiper block (31) bar shaped direction, and corresponding two springs (37) are arranged about the axis for axis symmetry of the first guide hole.

8. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wiper block (31) has 3 ~ 6.

9. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wiper block (31) comprises the block with embedding groove, is inlaid with insert (34) and forms the braced structures of wiper block in embedding groove.

10. orientation reaming hole helicoid hydraulic motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, assembled by bearing (8) between described rotor (1) and stator (2), and bearing (8) is positioned at the rear side of the first guide hole in the position that rotor (1) is axial.