CN112267111B - Laser cladding device and method for shield tunneling machine hob ring - Google Patents

Laser cladding device and method for shield tunneling machine hob ring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112267111B
CN112267111B CN202011142300.5A CN202011142300A CN112267111B CN 112267111 B CN112267111 B CN 112267111B CN 202011142300 A CN202011142300 A CN 202011142300A CN 112267111 B CN112267111 B CN 112267111B
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China
Prior art keywords
shield machine
cladding
jaw chuck
hob ring
laser cladding
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CN202011142300.5A
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CN112267111A (en
Inventor
章龙管
李开富
程延海
武焱林
董晓珂
王玉立
李云
黄斌
谭小波
薛建国
杨金勇
韩正铜
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China Railway Engineering Service Co Ltd
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China Railway Engineering Service Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011142300.5A priority Critical patent/CN112267111B/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for a hob ring of a shield machine, which are used for shield machine machining. The shield machine hob ring is fixed on the three-jaw chuck, the cladding platform comprises a moving platform and a base, and the moving platform is connected with the base through a sliding rail. The cutter head of the shield machine is simple in structure and convenient to install and operate, can be used for cladding cutter heads in two position states of the peripheral surface and the end surface, can reduce complicated operation and programming difficulty of an industrial robot, and effectively solves the problems of low cladding efficiency, low degree of automation and the like of the cutter head ring of the shield machine.

Description

Laser cladding device and method for shield tunneling machine hob ring
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method, in particular to a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for a hob ring of a shield machine, which are suitable for shield machine machining.
Background
The shield tunneling machine is a special engineering machine for tunneling, is widely used for tunnel engineering of subways, railways, highways, municipal administration, hydropower and the like, and the hob of the shield tunneling machine is used as a main cutting component in the tunnel tunneling process, and needs to be extruded and rubbed with rocks in the working process, so that the problems of easy abrasion and high consumption exist in the use process. It is difficult to greatly improve the wear resistance of the hob under the existing processing and strengthening process, and a laser cladding strengthening method is not popularized at present because of the immature hob cladding process and the like. The laser cladding is carried out on the hob ring, so that a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer is formed on the surface of the hob ring, huge economic and time loss can be saved, the service life of parts can be prolonged, the production cost is reduced, and the method is an ideal strengthening method for improving the performance of the hob ring of the shield machine.
In the existing technology for carrying out laser cladding on the hob ring, the hob ring is static, only the six-axis robot moves, when end face cladding is carried out, the circle center of the hob ring needs to be found first, then the six-axis robot is programmed according to the circle center, the circle center of a cutterhead is not easy to determine or the inaccuracy of the circle center determination greatly affects cladding quality, and the operation workload after the circle center is determined is also great. When the peripheral surface groove cladding is carried out, only one groove can be clad and then manually rotated to the next groove, so that automation cannot be realized, and the cladding efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the laser cladding device and method for the hob ring of the shield machine, which are simple in structure, convenient to install and operate, high in circle center accuracy, convenient to operate, good in cladding quality, high in automation degree and high in production efficiency, solve the problem of complex operation when the hob ring is subjected to automatic laser cladding in the prior art
In order to achieve the technical aim, the laser cladding device for the hob ring of the shield machine is matched with a six-axis robot, comprises a driving system and a cladding platform, wherein the driving system is arranged on the cladding platform,
The cladding platform comprises a moving platform and a base, two parallel sliding rails are arranged on the base, a screw driving device is arranged between the two parallel sliding rails, and the moving platform section is matched with the two sliding rails and is connected with the screw driving device to be driven by the screw driving device to slide on the two sliding rails; the screw driving device comprises a screw rod which is arranged between two sliding rails and is parallel to the two sliding rails, two ends of the screw rod are respectively provided with a bearing seat II and a bearing seat III, two ends of the screw rod are respectively fixed with the moving platform through the bearing seats II and the bearing seats III, each sliding rail is provided with two sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are connected with the moving platform through bolts, the screw rod is connected with the moving platform through a screw rod nut arranged at the bottom of the moving platform, one end of the screw rod is connected with a stepping motor through a coupling II, and the stepping motor transmits power to the screw rod through the coupling II and drives the moving platform to move on the sliding rails through the screw rod;
The driving system comprises an alternating current servo motor, a planetary reducer, a coupler I, a bearing seat I and a commutator which are arranged on the motion platform, wherein the alternating current servo motor is connected with the planetary reducer through an output shaft, the planetary reducer is connected with the commutator through the coupler I and the bearing seat I, a three-jaw chuck I is arranged in front of the commutator, a three-jaw chuck II is arranged above the commutator, and the front ends of the three-jaw chuck I and the three-jaw chuck II are used for being provided with a shield machine hob ring.
The bearing seat I is in transmission connection with the commutator through a main shaft, an output shaft of the planetary reducer is connected with the main shaft through a coupler I, the main shaft transmits power to the commutator through a key, and the main shaft and the output shaft of the commutator are respectively connected with the three-jaw chuck I and the three-jaw chuck II and drive the three-jaw chuck I and the three-jaw chuck II to rotate as required.
The three-jaw chuck I and the three-jaw chuck II are manual chucks or power chucks.
A laser cladding method of a laser cladding device of a hob ring of a shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps:
Step one: polishing the outer surface of a hob ring of a shield machine to be processed by sand paper, cleaning and blow-drying, horizontally clamping the hob ring of the shield machine on a three-jaw chuck II if the end surface of the hob ring of the shield machine is required to be clad, vertically clamping the hob ring of the shield machine on the three-jaw chuck I if the circumferential surface groove of the hob ring of the shield machine is required to be clad, controlling a stepping motor to drive a screw rod to rotate, enabling a moving platform to reach the range of a six-axis robot, drying and drying cladding powder at high temperature, and putting the powder into a powder feeder for standby after cooling;
Step two: cladding the end face position of a hob ring of a shield machine to be processed, firstly, moving a six-axis robot to the outer edge of the end face of the hob ring of the shield machine by using a laser cladding head, then driving a three-jaw chuck II to rotate at a set speed by using an alternating current servo motor to carry out powder feeding cladding, and carrying out rotary movement at a speed matched with the laser cladding head until the end face cladding of the hob ring of the shield machine is completed;
Step three: cladding the peripheral surface groove of the hob ring of the shield machine to be processed, moving the six-axis robot to the edge of the peripheral surface groove by using a laser cladding head, horizontally moving the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot along the direction of the peripheral surface groove, and driving the three-jaw chuck I to rotate to the angle of the next groove with the hob ring of the shield machine under the drive of an alternating current servo motor until all grooves of the peripheral surface groove of the hob ring of the shield machine are clad;
Step four: when the shield machine hob ring is completely clad, the stepping motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the motion platform is dragged to move along the track in the direction away from the six-axis robot, and the shield machine hob ring is taken down.
The cladding powder in the first step is iron-based composite powder with granularity of 100-120 meshes, and the high-temperature drying and dewatering treatment method is to keep the temperature of 110-120 ℃ in a constant-temperature drying box for 1 hour.
The speed of matching the three-jaw chuck II with the laser cladding head in the second step is that the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot linearly moves by 1.5mm from the outer ring to the inner ring along the shield machine hob ring every time the three-jaw chuck II rotates at a speed of 0.16rad/s with the shield machine hob ring.
The laser cladding process parameters used by the six-axis robot in the second and third steps are as follows: the laser power is 1400W, the scanning speed is 15mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 15g/min, the protective gas is nitrogen, and the lap joint rate is 50%.
The three-jaw chuck II rotates by 12 degrees each time when the peripheral surface groove is clad.
The beneficial effects are that:
According to the invention, the hob ring and the six-axis robot move cooperatively, when the end face cladding is carried out on the hob ring of the shield machine, the hob ring rotates under the clamping of the three-jaw chuck, and the six-axis robot only carries out the feeding movement from the outer ring to the inner ring of the hob ring, so that the six-axis robot only needs to move linearly from the outer ring to the inner ring, the accurate determination of the circle center position is not required, and complex operation and programming control are not required for the six-axis robot; when the peripheral surface groove cladding is carried out, the six-axis robot carries out feeding motion from one end of the groove to the other end, when one groove cladding is completed, the hob ring rotates to the next groove under the control of the alternating current servo motor, automatic cladding can be realized, the design structure is simple, the cost is low, the cladding efficiency is high, and the installation and the operation are simple and convenient.
The problems of error caused by poor accuracy of determining the circle center and low degree of automation in the prior art due to complicated programming design when the hob ring is subjected to laser cladding are effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding apparatus for a shield machine hob ring of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded pictorial view of a laser cladding apparatus drive system for a shield machine hob ring;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a cladding platform;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a hob ring;
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-motion platform, a 101-screw rod, a 102-screw nut, a 103-slider, a 104-slide rail, a 105-bearing seat III, a 106-bearing seat II, a 2-three-jaw chuck I, a 3-three-jaw chuck II, a 4-six-axis robot, a 5-shield machine hob ring, a 501-peripheral surface groove, a 502-end surface, a 6-base, a 7-stepping motor, an 8-coupling II, a 9-screw, a 10-alternating current servo motor, a 11-driving planetary reducer, a 12-coupling I, a 13-bearing seat I, a 14-commutator and a 15-main shaft.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the laser cladding device for the hob ring of the shield tunneling machine is matched with a six-axis robot 4, comprises a driving system and a cladding platform, wherein the driving system is arranged on the cladding platform,
As shown in fig. 3, the cladding platform comprises a moving platform 1 and a base 6, wherein the base 6 is provided with two parallel sliding rails 104, a screw driving device is arranged between the two parallel sliding rails 104, and the section of the moving platform 1 is matched with the two sliding rails 104 and is connected with the screw driving device to be driven by the screw driving device to slide on the two sliding rails 104; the screw driving device comprises a screw 101 which is arranged between two sliding rails 104 and is parallel to the two sliding rails 104, two ends of the screw 101 are respectively provided with a bearing seat II106 and a bearing seat III105, two ends of the screw 101 are respectively fixed with the moving platform 1 through the bearing seats II106 and III105, the bearing seats II106 and III105 are fixed through screws 9, two sliding blocks 103 are arranged on each sliding rail 104, the sliding blocks 103 are connected with the moving platform 1 through bolts, the screw 101 is connected with the moving platform 1 through a screw nut 102 arranged at the bottom of the moving platform 1, one end of the screw 101 is connected with a stepping motor 7 through a coupler II8, and the stepping motor 7 transmits power to the screw 101 through the coupler II8 and drives the moving platform 1 to move on the sliding rails 104 through the screw 101;
as shown in fig. 2, the driving system comprises an alternating current servo motor 10, a planetary reducer 11, a coupler I12, a bearing seat I13 and a commutator 14 which are arranged on a moving platform 1, wherein the alternating current servo motor 10 is connected with the planetary reducer 11 through an output shaft, the planetary reducer 11 is connected with the commutator 14 through the coupler I12 and the bearing seat I13, the bearing seat I13 is in transmission connection with the commutator 14 through a main shaft 15, the output shaft of the planetary reducer 11 is connected with the main shaft 15 through the coupler I12, the main shaft 15 transmits power to the commutator 14 through keys, a three-jaw chuck I2 is arranged in front of the commutator 14, a three-jaw chuck II3 is arranged above the commutator 14, and the front ends of the three-jaw chuck I2 and the three-jaw chuck II3 are used for being provided with a shield machine hob ring 5. The spindle 15 and the output shaft of the commutator 14 are respectively connected with the three-jaw chuck I2 and the three-jaw chuck II3, and drive the three-jaw chuck I2 and the three-jaw chuck II3 to rotate as required. The three-jaw chuck I2 and the three-jaw chuck II3 are manual chucks or power chucks.
A laser cladding method of a laser cladding device of a hob ring of a shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps:
Step one: grinding the outer surface of a shield machine hob ring 5 to be processed by sand paper, cleaning and blow-drying, if the end surface 502 of the shield machine hob ring 5 is required to be clad, horizontally clamping the shield machine hob ring 5 on a three-jaw chuck II3, as shown in figure 4, if the peripheral surface groove 501 of the shield machine hob ring 5 is required to be clad, vertically clamping the shield machine hob ring 5 on a three-jaw chuck I1, controlling a stepping motor 7 to drive a screw 101 to rotate, enabling a moving platform 1 to reach the working range of a six-axis robot, drying and drying cladding powder at high temperature, cooling and then placing the powder into a powder feeder for standby; the cladding powder is iron-based composite powder with granularity of 100-120 meshes, and the high-temperature drying and dewatering treatment method is that a constant-temperature oven is used for keeping the temperature at 110-120 ℃ for 1 hour;
Step two: cladding the end face 502 of the shield machine hob ring 5 to be processed, firstly, moving the six-axis robot 4 to the outer edge of the end face 502 of the shield machine hob ring 5 by utilizing a laser cladding head, then driving the three-jaw chuck II3 to rotate at a set speed by an alternating current servo motor 10 to carry out powder feeding cladding, and carrying out rotary movement at a speed of matching the three-jaw chuck II3 with the laser cladding head until the end face 502 of the shield machine hob ring 5 is clad; the speed of matching the specific three-jaw chuck II3 with the laser cladding head is that each time the three-jaw chuck II3 rotates a circle at the speed of 0.16rad/s with the shield machine hob ring 5, the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot 4 moves linearly from the outer ring to the inner ring for 1.5mm along the shield machine hob ring 5;
Step three: cladding is carried out on the circumferential surface groove 501 of the shield machine hob ring 5 to be processed, the six-axis robot 4 moves to the edge of the circumferential surface groove 501 by utilizing a laser cladding head, the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot 4 horizontally moves along the direction of the circumferential surface groove 501, and each time one groove cladding is completed, the three-jaw chuck I1 rotates to the angle of the next groove with the shield machine hob ring 5 under the driving of the alternating current servo motor 10, the rotation angle is 12 degrees, and all grooves of the circumferential surface groove 501 of the shield machine hob ring 5 are completely clad; the laser cladding process parameters used by the six-axis robot 4 are as follows: laser power 1400W, scanning speed 15mm/s, powder feeding speed 15g/min, protective gas of nitrogen and lap joint rate 50%;
Step four: after the shield machine hob ring 5 is completely clad, the stepping motor 7 drives the screw 101 to rotate, so that the motion platform 1 is dragged to move along the track 104 in the direction away from the six-axis robot, and the shield machine hob ring 5 is taken down.

Claims (6)

1. A laser cladding device for shield constructs quick-witted hobbing cutter circle sets up its characterized in that with six robots (4) match: it comprises a driving system and a cladding platform, wherein the driving system is arranged on the cladding platform,
The cladding platform comprises a moving platform (1) and a base (6), wherein two parallel sliding rails (104) are arranged on the base (6), a screw driving device is arranged between the two parallel sliding rails (104), and the section of the moving platform (1) is matched with the two sliding rails (104) and is connected with the screw driving device to be driven by the screw driving device to slide on the two sliding rails (104); the screw driving device comprises screws (101) which are arranged in the middle of two sliding rails (104) and are parallel to the two sliding rails (104), two ends of each screw (101) are respectively provided with a bearing seat II (106) and a bearing seat III (105), two ends of each screw (101) are respectively fixed with the moving platform (1) through the bearing seats II (106) and the bearing seats III (105), each sliding rail (104) is provided with two sliding blocks (103), each sliding block (103) is connected with the moving platform (1) through bolts, each screw (101) is connected with the moving platform (1) through a screw nut (102) arranged at the bottom of the moving platform (1), one end of each screw (101) is connected with a stepping motor (7) through a coupler II (8), and the stepping motor (7) conveys power to the screw (101) through the coupler II (8) and drives the moving platform (1) to move on the sliding rails (104);
the driving system comprises an alternating current servo motor (10), a planetary reducer (11), a coupler I (12), a bearing seat I (13) and a commutator (14) which are arranged on the motion platform (1), wherein the alternating current servo motor (10) is connected with the planetary reducer (11) through an output shaft, the planetary reducer (11) is connected with the commutator (14) through the coupler I (12) and the bearing seat I (13), a three-jaw chuck I (2) is arranged in front of the commutator (14), a three-jaw chuck II (3) is arranged above the commutator (14), and the front ends of the three-jaw chuck I (2) and the three-jaw chuck II (3) are used for being provided with a shield machine hob ring (5);
The bearing seat I (13) is in transmission connection with the commutator (14) through a main shaft (15), an output shaft of the planetary reducer (11) is connected with the main shaft (15) through a coupler I (12), the main shaft (15) transmits power to the commutator (14) through a key, the main shaft (15) and the output shaft of the commutator (14) are respectively connected with the three-jaw chuck I (2) and the three-jaw chuck II (3), and the three-jaw chuck I (2) and the three-jaw chuck II (3) are driven to rotate according to requirements;
The three-jaw chuck I (2) and the three-jaw chuck II (3) are manual chucks or power chucks.
2. A laser cladding method using the laser cladding device for a shield machine hob ring according to claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
step one: grinding the outer surface of a shield machine hob ring (5) to be processed by sand paper, cleaning and blow-drying, if the end surface (502) of the shield machine hob ring (5) needs to be clad, horizontally clamping the shield machine hob ring (5) on a three-jaw chuck II (3), if the peripheral surface groove (501) of the shield machine hob ring (5) needs to be clad, vertically clamping the shield machine hob ring (5) on a three-jaw chuck I (2), controlling a stepping motor (7) to drive a screw (101) to rotate, enabling a moving platform (1) to reach the working range of a six-axis robot, drying and drying cladding powder at high temperature, and putting the powder into a powder feeder for standby after cooling;
Step two: cladding the end face (502) of a shield machine hob ring (5) to be processed, firstly, moving a six-axis robot (4) to the outer edge of the end face (502) of the shield machine hob ring (5) by using a laser cladding head, and then driving a three-jaw chuck II (3) to rotate at a set speed by using an alternating current servo motor (10) to carry out powder feeding cladding, and carrying out rotary movement at a speed matched with the laser cladding head until the cladding of the end face (502) of the shield machine hob ring (5) is completed;
Step three: cladding is carried out on a peripheral surface groove (501) of a shield machine hob ring (5) to be processed, a six-axis robot (4) moves to the edge of the peripheral surface groove (501) by utilizing a laser cladding head, the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot (4) horizontally moves along the direction of the peripheral surface groove (501), and when cladding of one groove is completed, a three-jaw chuck I (2) rotates to the angle of the next groove with the shield machine hob ring (5) under the driving of an alternating current servo motor (10) until cladding of all grooves of the peripheral surface groove (501) of the shield machine hob ring (5) is completed;
Step four: after the shield machine hob ring (5) is completely clad, the stepping motor (7) drives the screw rod (101) to rotate, so that the motion platform (1) is dragged to move along the sliding rail (104) in the direction away from the six-axis robot, and the shield machine hob ring (5) is taken down.
3. The laser cladding method according to claim 2, wherein: the cladding powder in the first step is iron-based composite powder with granularity of 100-120 meshes, and the high-temperature drying treatment method is to keep the temperature of 110-120 ℃ in a constant-temperature drying box for 1 hour.
4. The laser cladding method according to claim 2, wherein: the speed of matching the three-jaw chuck II (3) with the laser cladding head in the second step is that the laser cladding head of the six-axis robot (4) moves linearly from the outer ring to the inner ring by 1.5mm along the shield tunneling machine hob ring (5) every time the three-jaw chuck II (3) rotates one circle at the speed of 0.16rad/s with the shield tunneling machine hob ring (5).
5. The laser cladding method according to claim 2, wherein: the six-axis robot (4) in the second and third steps adopts the following laser cladding process parameters: the laser power is 1400W, the scanning speed is 15mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 15g/min, the protective gas is nitrogen, and the lap joint rate is 50%.
6. The laser cladding method according to claim 2, wherein: the three-jaw chuck II (3) rotates by 12 DEG each time when the peripheral surface groove (501) is clad.
CN202011142300.5A 2020-10-22 2020-10-22 Laser cladding device and method for shield tunneling machine hob ring Active CN112267111B (en)

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CN114535924A (en) * 2022-02-12 2022-05-27 中铁工程装备集团(天津)有限公司 Equipment for repairing shield seal ring piece and working method thereof
CN116043216B (en) * 2023-01-14 2023-12-01 芜湖点金机电科技有限公司 Plasma cladding equipment for metal parts

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CN213925020U (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-08-10 中铁工程服务有限公司 Laser cladding device for shield machine hob cutter ring

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CN109338356A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-02-15 上海乾岳投资管理有限公司 A kind of Hob cutter ring of shield machine surface reinforcing method
US20200248315A1 (en) * 2019-02-04 2020-08-06 Jtekt Corporation Laser clad layer forming method and laser cladding device

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CN213925020U (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-08-10 中铁工程服务有限公司 Laser cladding device for shield machine hob cutter ring

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