Adjustable twist drill grinding device
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the cutter field of making, concretely relates to fluted drill grinds device with adjustable.
Background
The twist drill is the most common hole machining tool, is widely used in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace, medical appliances and the like, and compared with other hole machining tools, the complex drill tip structure of the twist drill is always the difficult point for manufacturing the tool; with the increasing application of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy, fiber composite materials and other difficult-to-machine materials in the manufacturing of modern mechanical equipment, the abrasion and the damage of a cutter on the rear cutter surface of a drill bit in the drilling process are increased, the service life of the cutter is shortened, the replacement frequency of a new cutter is accelerated, and the manufacturing cost of parts is greatly increased.
Therefore, in addition to continuously optimizing and improving the structure and geometric parameters of the drill to improve the cutting performance of the cutter, the improvement of the drill sharpening equipment and the coping of the worn cutter to improve the utilization rate of the cutter are also important matters to be considered by modern cutter manufacturers.
At present, most of domestic cutter manufacturers mainly can divide the sharpening modes of the rear cutter face of the twist drill into three types: numerically controlled sharpening, hand sharpening or sharpening on a universal tool grinder. The numerical control cutter grinding is mostly carried out by adopting a multi-shaft numerical control grinding machine imported from abroad, so that the machine tool has high cost and higher technical requirements on operators; the quality of manual sharpening depends on the technical level and experience of operators, the sharpening precision is difficult to ensure, the labor intensity is high, and the symmetry of a cutting edge is poor; the universal tool grinder is used for grinding the upper edge, the structure of the edge grinding device is complex, the forming movement is large, the adjustment of the machine tool is complex, the edge grinding efficiency is low, and the practical application is few.
In addition, improper selection of sharpening parameters also easily causes the tail tilting phenomenon of the rear tool face of the drill bit. During drilling processing, the 'tail warping' of the drill bit reduces the clearance between the rear tool face of the drill bit and the processing surface of a workpiece, increases the friction between the tool and the workpiece and drilling torque, reduces the drilling quality, and even can lead to the drilling processing to be carried out smoothly and the drill bit to be broken when the drilling processing is serious.
Therefore, the design of the grinding device has the advantages of simple structure, less forming movement of grinding parameters, higher grinding precision and lower cost, and can be suitable for the edge grinding device of the twist drill with various sizes and specifications and capable of adjusting different drill point geometric parameters so as to meet the requirements of manufacturing new tools of the modern twist drill and grinding worn tools of the modern twist drill.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable grinding device for twist drill.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:
the embodiment of the utility model provides an adjustable grinding device for twist drills, which comprises a horizontal base, a transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism, a longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism, a rotary worktable, a cutter grinding transmission mechanism, a vertical sliding mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a drill chuck, a twist drill and a grinding wheel grinding mechanism, a transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and a longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism are arranged on the horizontal base in a cross-shaped overlapping manner, a transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and a longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism are superposed on the horizontal base in a cross direction, the rotary worktable is arranged on the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and is used for moving in the longitudinal and transverse directions in the horizontal plane along with the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism, the cutter grinding transmission mechanism is arranged on the rotary workbench and is connected with the clamping mechanism through a vertical sliding mechanism; the clamping mechanism is connected with a drill chuck, and the drill chuck is used for mounting a twist drill; and a grinding wheel grinding mechanism is arranged on one side of the horizontal base and is used for grinding the twist drill.
In the above scheme, the grinding wheel grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel, a first step motor, a grinding wheel sliding block, a second step motor, a grinding wheel transmission mechanism, a support frame and a horizontal sliding rail, the support frame is arranged on the horizontal base, the horizontal sliding rail is located on the support frame, the grinding wheel sliding block is connected with the horizontal sliding rail in a matching mode, a grinding wheel is arranged on one side, close to the twist drill, of the grinding wheel sliding block, the grinding wheel is connected with the first step motor, and the other side of the grinding wheel sliding block is connected with the second step motor through the grinding wheel transmission mechanism.
In the above scheme, the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism both comprise a hand wheel and a horizontal sliding frame, a bearing seat and a bearing are fixed on the frame and are respectively connected with the horizontal sliding guide rail and a horizontal lead screw, a metal reverser nut is installed on the horizontal lead screw, the end part of the horizontal lead screw is provided with the hand wheel, and the hand wheel rotates to drive the metal reverser nut on the horizontal lead screw to make linear motion along the horizontal sliding guide rail; the metal reverser nut is connected with the guide rail block through a screw.
In the above scheme, the frame of the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism is fixed on the guide rail block of the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism through screws; the rotary workbench is fixed on a guide rail block of the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism through a screw.
In the above scheme, the movement directions of the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism are mutually perpendicular.
In the above scheme, swivel work head includes first rotation handle, first worm, first scale carousel, first worm wheel, box, the first scale carousel that the level set up is passed through in the upside of box, the inside first drive mechanism that comprises first worm wheel, first worm that sets up parallel to first scale carousel that sets up of box, the one end of first worm sets up first rotation handle.
In the above scheme, sharpening drive mechanism includes rotatory hand wheel, head rod, transmission connecting rod, universal joint, second connecting rod, the one end and the rotatory hand wheel of head rod are connected, and the other end passes through transmission connecting rod, universal joint and is connected with the second connecting rod, head rod and second connecting rod all set up on vertical sliding mechanism, one side of second connecting rod still is connected with fixture.
In the scheme, the vertical sliding mechanism comprises a cutter grinding rack, a vertical sliding support and a vertical sliding hand wheel, wherein the cutter grinding rack is connected with the rotary workbench and is provided with the vertical sliding support, and one side of the vertical sliding support is provided with the vertical sliding hand wheel; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged on the vertical sliding support.
In the above scheme, the clamping mechanism comprises a second scale turntable, a drill chuck clamping support and a drill chuck sliding support, the drill chuck sliding support is fixed on the second connecting rod through a screw, the sliding support is connected with the drill chuck clamping support, the second scale turntable is arranged at the joint, and the drill chuck is fixed in the drill chuck clamping support through a screw and a positioning groove.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has simple structure, and the clamping mechanism of the twist drill can realize the clamping of the drill bits with various middle and small sizes; through the clamping mechanism of the twist drill and the special sharpening transmission mechanism, the shaping movement of the sharpening of the twist drill is simplified, the technical requirement of the sharpening of the drill is reduced, and the sharpening efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating an adjustable grinding device for twist drills according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal and horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism and a rotary worktable in an adjustable twist drill dressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a grinding wheel grinding mechanism in an adjustable grinding device for twist drills according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a twist drill sharpening mechanism in an adjustable twist drill reconditioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the sharpening of a twist drill in an adjustable twist drill reconditioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. horizontal base, 2 horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism, 3 longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism, 4 rotary working table, 5 sharpening transmission mechanism, 6 vertical sliding mechanism, 7 clamping mechanism, 8 drill chuck, 9 twist drill, 10 grinding wheel, 11 first step motor, 12 grinding wheel sliding block, 13 second step motor, 14 grinding wheel transmission mechanism, 15 supporting frame, 16 horizontal sliding rail
301. Handwheel, 302, bearing seat, 303, horizontal sliding frame, 304, metal reverser nut, 305, guide rail block, 306, horizontal screw rod, 307, horizontal sliding guide rail, 308, bearing
401. First rotating handle 402, first worm 403, first scale turntable 404, first worm wheel 405, box
101. Grinding wheel spindle, 102, locknut
141. Guide part, 142 transmission part
501. Rotating handwheel, 502, first connecting rod, 503, transmission connecting rod, 504, universal joint, 505, second connecting rod
601. Sharpening machine frame, 602 vertical sliding support, 603 vertical sliding hand wheel
701. Scale rotary disc, 702 drill chuck holding rack, 703 drill chuck sliding rack
901. Cone generatrix, 902 cone axis, 903 drill axis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an adjustable grinding device for twist drills, which comprises a horizontal base 1, a transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2, a longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3, a rotary worktable 4, a sharpening transmission mechanism 5, a vertical sliding mechanism 6, a clamping mechanism 7, a drill chuck 8, a twist drill 9 and a grinding wheel grinding mechanism as shown in figures 1-5, a transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 and a longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 are arranged on the horizontal base 1 in a cross-shaped overlapping manner, the rotary worktable 4 is arranged on the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 and is used for moving in the longitudinal and transverse directions in the horizontal plane along with the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3, the cutter grinding transmission mechanism 5 is arranged on the rotary workbench 4, and the cutter grinding transmission mechanism 5 is connected with the clamping mechanism 7 through a vertical sliding mechanism 6; the clamping mechanism 7 is connected with a drill chuck 8, and the drill chuck 8 is used for mounting a twist drill 9; and a grinding wheel grinding mechanism is arranged on one side of the horizontal base 1 and is used for grinding the twist drill 9.
The grinding wheel grinding mechanism comprises a grinding wheel 10, a first stepping motor 11, a grinding wheel sliding block 12, a second stepping motor 13, a grinding wheel transmission mechanism 14, a support frame 15 and a horizontal sliding rail 16, wherein the support frame 15 is arranged on the horizontal base 1, the horizontal sliding rail 16 is positioned on the support frame 15, the grinding wheel sliding block 12 is connected with the horizontal sliding rail 16 in a matched mode, the grinding wheel 10 is arranged on one side, close to the twist drill 9, of the grinding wheel sliding block 12, the grinding wheel 10 is connected with the first stepping motor 11, and the other side of the grinding wheel sliding block 12 is connected with the second stepping motor 13 through the grinding wheel transmission mechanism 14.
The grinding wheel transmission mechanism 14 includes a transmission member 142, one end of the transmission member 142 is connected to the second stepping motor 13 and rotates by the second stepping motor 13, the other end of the transmission member 142 is connected to a guide member 141, the guide member 141 is fixed to the grinding wheel sliding block 12 by a screw, and the rotation of the transmission member 142 is converted into a reciprocating linear motion by the guide member 141, so that the grinding wheel sliding block 12 and the upper grinding wheel 10 fixed thereto reciprocate on the horizontal slide rail 16.
The transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 respectively comprise a hand wheel 301 and a horizontal sliding rack 303, a bearing seat 302 and a bearing 308 are fixed on the rack 303 and are respectively connected with a horizontal sliding guide rail 307 and a horizontal lead screw 306, a metal reverser nut 304 is installed on the horizontal lead screw 306, the hand wheel 301 is installed at the end part of the horizontal lead screw 306, and the hand wheel 301 rotates to drive the metal reverser nut 304 on the horizontal lead screw 306 to do linear motion along the horizontal sliding guide rail 307; the metal reverser nuts 304 are coupled to the rail blocks 305 by screws.
The frame 303 of the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 is fixed on the guide rail block of the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 through screws; the rotary table 4 is fixed to the rail block 305 of the longitudinal horizontal sliding rail mechanism 3 by screws.
The motion directions of the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 are mutually vertical.
The rotary workbench 4 comprises a first rotary handle 401, a first worm 402, a first scale turntable 403, a first worm wheel 404 and a box 405, the upper side of the box 405 is provided with the first scale turntable 403 which is horizontally arranged and connected with the first worm wheel 404, the first scale turntable 403 is driven by a first transmission mechanism which is composed of the first worm wheel 404 and the first worm 402, and one end of the first worm 402 is provided with the first rotary handle 401.
The sharpening transmission mechanism 5 comprises a rotary hand wheel 501, a first connecting rod 502, a transmission connecting rod 503, a universal joint 504 and a second connecting rod 505, one end of the first connecting rod 502 is connected with the rotary hand wheel 501, the other end of the first connecting rod is connected with the second connecting rod 505 through the transmission connecting rod 503 and the universal joint 504, the first connecting rod 502 and the second connecting rod 505 are both arranged on a vertical sliding mechanism 6, and one side of the second connecting rod 505 is further connected with a clamping mechanism 7.
The vertical sliding mechanism 6 comprises a sharpening frame 601, a vertical sliding support 602 and a vertical sliding hand wheel 603, wherein the sharpening frame 601 is connected with the rotary workbench 4 and is provided with the vertical sliding support 602, and one side of the vertical sliding support 602 is provided with the vertical sliding hand wheel 603; the first connecting rod 502 and the second connecting rod 505 are disposed on the vertical sliding bracket 602.
The clamping mechanism 7 comprises a second scale turntable 701, a drill chuck clamping support 702 and a drill chuck sliding support 703, the drill chuck sliding support 703 is fixed on the second connecting rod 505 through a screw, the sliding support 703 is connected with the drill chuck clamping support 702, the second scale turntable 701 is arranged at the joint, and the drill chuck 8 is fixed in the drill chuck clamping support 702 through a screw and a positioning groove.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model discloses a concrete step is as follows based on conical surface sword grinds coping fluted drill:
firstly, placing a twist drill 9 to be polished in a drill chuck 8, adjusting a proper extension length according to the size specification of the drill, when the drill is sharpened, keeping the polishing initial position of a main cutting edge of the drill parallel to a grinding contact surface of a grinding wheel (a grinding contact line of the main cutting edge of the drill and the grinding wheel is a conical bus 901), marking a positioning line on the drill chuck 8, rotating the twist drill 9, and locking the drill chuck 8 after adjusting the positioning of the drill; the drill chuck 8 is mounted on the drill chuck clamping bracket 702 according to the positioning groove on the drill chuck 8 and fixed by screws.
Secondly, the drill chuck clamping bracket 702 is rotated through the scale turntable 701, and the included angle (namely the shaft angle theta) between the twist drill 9 (the drill bit axis 903) and the second connecting rod 505 (the axis of the second connecting rod 505 is the conical axis 902) is adjusted; and (3) loosening and tightening the screw, moving the drill chuck sliding support 703, and adjusting the relative position between the twist drill 9 and the conical vertex angle O, so that the adjustment of the conical vertex distance A is realized.
And thirdly, the vertical sliding hand wheel 603 is rotated to drive the vertical sliding support 602 to move up and down on the sharpening frame 601 according to the scale size, so that the offset distance (namely the offset distance e) between the conical generatrix 902 and the middle section of the twist drill 9 is adjusted.
And fourthly, the first scale rotary table 403 and the twist drill sharpening mechanism arranged on the first scale rotary table are driven to rotate by rotating the rotary worktable handle 401 through a transmission mechanism consisting of a worm wheel 404 and a worm 402, so that the half cone angle delta is adjusted.
And fifthly, the hand wheel is rotated to respectively drive the transverse horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 2 and the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the relative position between the twist drill sharpening mechanism and the grinding wheel 10 is adjusted.
Sixthly, the first stepping motor 11 drives the grinding wheel 10 to rotate, the second stepping motor 13 drives the transmission piece 142 to do rotary motion, and the grinding wheel 10 is driven to do reciprocating linear motion on the horizontal sliding rail 16 through the conversion of the guide piece 141, so that the grinding uniformity of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is ensured when the twist drill 9 is sharpened.
And seventhly, before the twist drill 9 is sharpened, in order to eliminate or avoid the tail tilting phenomenon of a rear cutter face of the drill bit and ensure that the chisel edge oblique angle psi after the drill bit is sharpened is within a specified reasonable value range, the drill bit needs to rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the drill bit by an angle beta.
The hand wheel 501 is rotated to drive the first connecting rod 502 to rotate, and the rotation of the first connecting rod 502 is converted into the left-right swinging motion of the second connecting rod 505 through the conversion of the transmission connecting rod 503 and the universal joint 504, so that the machining motion track of the cutter grinding of the rear face of the conical surface of the twist drill is realized.
Ninthly, feeding through the sliding of the longitudinal horizontal sliding guide rail mechanism 3 in the horizontal direction, adjusting the grinding allowance of the twist drill 9 grinding edge, when one side grinding edge is finished, horizontally returning the twist drill grinding edge to a proper position, tightening the screw on the clamping support 702 of the drill chuck, and rotating the twist drill 9 by 180 degrees to continue processing, thereby realizing the grinding of the twist drill.
Compared with the prior grinding device, the utility model has simple structure, and the clamping mechanism of the twist drill can realize the clamping of a plurality of drills with small and medium sizes; through the clamping mechanism of the twist drill and the special sharpening transmission mechanism, the shaping movement of the sharpening of the twist drill is simplified, the technical requirement of the sharpening of the drill is reduced, and the sharpening efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the utility model discloses a to the adjustment of fluted drill sword grinds parameter (interaxial angle theta, half cone angle delta, offset e, awl apical distance A and reversal angle beta), can realize having the sharpening of the knife face behind the fluted drill of different drill point geometric parameters, strong adaptability.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.