CN112266525A - Anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2244—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zirconium
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention discloses a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10-15 parts of crosslinked polyethylene, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 2-4 parts of a plasticizer, 2-4 parts of a hardener, 2-3 parts of a coloring agent, 2-4 parts of a lubricant, 2-4 parts of a flame retardant and 2-4 parts of zirconium dioxide, wherein the heat stabilizer comprises phenol, a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc heat stabilizer, the lubricant comprises sodium stearate and magnesium stearate, the hardener comprises cellulose and glass fiber, the plasticizer comprises cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate, and the flame retardant comprises triphenyl phosphate, melamine cyanurate and parachlorophenol. According to the invention, the whole tear resistance of the product is improved by adopting a cross-linked polyethylene-polyvinyl chloride doping mode, phenol and sodium hydroxide are combined to generate sodium phenolate, phosgene is absorbed, and the safety of the product in the preparation and use processes is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic cable is a photovoltaic special cable and is mainly used in a photovoltaic power station, and due to the complexity of the external environment, the externally wrapped polyethylene material has the advantages of high temperature resistance, cold resistance, oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, ultraviolet resistance, flame retardance, environmental protection, long service life and the like, and is mainly used under the severe climatic conditions of the environment.
The protective material of the photovoltaic cable needs high thermal stability, impact resistance and good insulation due to the use environment. At present, the common photovoltaic cable wrapping material on the market is mainly prepared by adding other additives into common crosslinked polyethylene, the effect achieved by adding the additives independently is limited, and the requirements of people on the product performance cannot be met, so that the invention of the anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and the preparation method thereof is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of polyethylene, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 2-4 parts of a plasticizer, 2-4 parts of a hardener, 2-3 parts of a colorant, 2-4 parts of a lubricant, 2-4 parts of a flame retardant and 2-4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
Furthermore, the heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 4-6 parts of phenol, 10-15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 5-8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
Furthermore, the lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1-2 parts of sodium stearate and 1-2 parts of magnesium stearate.
Furthermore, the hardening agent comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2-4 parts of cellulose and 2-4 parts of glass fiber.
Furthermore, the plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5-10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 2-6 parts of methyl phosphate.
Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1-3 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 1-2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 2-4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at the speed of 200r/min for 100-;
(2) putting p-chlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, heating at the temperature of 200-230 ℃, and reacting for 2-3h to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at the temperature of 120-130 ℃, and reacting for 1-3h to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature at 200-;
(5) adding cyclofatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to the temperature of 160-180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat plate vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 5-15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Further, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide is 1: 0.4-0.5.
Further, in the step (3), the methyl tin heat stabilizer and the barium zinc heat stabilizer are added firstly, and then the polyvinyl chloride is added.
Further, in the step (2), nitrogen is introduced during the reaction, and the pressure is controlled to be 1-2 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the common photovoltaic cable material on the market at present mainly adopts common crosslinked polyethylene and adds other additives to increase the flame retardance and the thermal stability of a final product, and the strength required by people cannot be achieved by adding the additives alone, so the polyvinyl chloride is added, has good anti-cracking performance, can be recycled, is an extremely hot recycling material at present, but is not heat-resistant and is easy to decompose under the influence of external temperature, and in the preparation process, the temperature needs to be ensured to be above 160 ℃, so the polyvinyl chloride can be hydrolyzed, therefore, in order to ensure the stable structure of the polyvinyl chloride and inhibit hydrolysis, a heat stabilizer must be added firstly, a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer are selected, and the selection of the barium zinc heat stabilizer can increase the surface resistance of the polyvinyl chloride, thereby achieving the purpose of insulation.
According to the invention, the anti-tear capability of the whole product is improved by adopting a cross-linked polyethylene-polyvinyl chloride doping mode, but due to the characteristics of polyvinyl chloride, a large amount of organic auxiliary agents are added in the preparation process, phosgene can be generated by pyrolysis under a high-temperature condition, and the generation of phosgene causes great harm to the environment and human bodies, so that sodium phenolate is generated by combining phenol and sodium hydroxide, phosgene is absorbed, and the safety of the product in the preparation and use processes is improved.
When the flame retardant is added, the parachlorophenol is selected, the parachlorophenol, triphenyl phosphate and melamine cyanurate are compounded for use, so that the flame resistance of the product is improved, but if the addition amount of chloride is large, a large amount of halogen can be emitted, and the environment can be seriously polluted.
In the process of reacting p-chlorophenol, hydroxyl is added to the second position of an aromatic ring and the third position of the aromatic ring, for example, resorcinol is added, so that the resorcinol can be used as a bonding agent to prevent crosslinked polyethylene-polyvinyl chloride from decomposing, can be combined with triphenyl phosphate and sodium phenolate to form a more stable phosphate compound, and can further improve the flame retardant property of the product.
The product obtained by the invention can be used as the external package of the photovoltaic cable to protect the photovoltaic cable from being damaged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises, by weight, 10 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 5 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of a heat stabilizer, 2 parts of a plasticizer, 2 parts of a hardener, 2 parts of a colorant, 2 parts of a lubricant, 2 parts of a flame retardant and 2 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 4 parts of phenol, 10 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1 part of sodium stearate and 1 part of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 2 parts of cellulose and 2 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 2 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1 part of triphenyl phosphate, 1 part of melamine cyanurate and 2 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at a molar ratio of 1:0.4 and 100r/min, reacting for 1h, heating to 20 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) putting parachlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 1MPa, heating at 200 ℃, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at 120 ℃ for 1h to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 500r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 170 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 160 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 5min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Example 2
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 13 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 6 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6 parts of a heat stabilizer, 3 parts of a plasticizer, 3 parts of a hardener, 2 parts of a colorant, 3 parts of a lubricant, 3 parts of a flame retardant and 3 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5 parts of phenol, 13 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 6 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 3 parts of cellulose and 3 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 7 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 4 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 3 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at 150r/min, reacting for 1.5h, heating to 22 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) putting p-chlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 1.5MPa, heating at 220 ℃, and reacting for 2.5h to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at 125 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating the crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 230 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 550r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 180 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 170 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 10min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Example 3
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 4 parts of a plasticizer, 4 parts of a hardener, 3 parts of a colorant, 4 parts of a lubricant, 4 parts of a flame retardant and 4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 6 parts of phenol, 15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, including 4 parts of cellulose and 4 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 6 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 3 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at 200r/min with the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide being 1:0.5, reacting for 2 hours, heating to 23 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) putting parachlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 2MPa, heating at 230 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at 130 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 600r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Comparative example 1
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 4 parts of a plasticizer, 4 parts of a hardener, 3 parts of a colorant, 4 parts of a lubricant, 4 parts of a flame retardant and 4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, including 4 parts of cellulose and 4 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 6 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 3 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) putting parachlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 2MPa, heating at 230 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture A;
(2) adding triphenyl phosphate into the mixture A, stirring, heating, and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
(4) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 600r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture C;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture C, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(6) adding the mixture B into the mixture D, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture E, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Comparative example 2
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 4 parts of a plasticizer, 4 parts of a hardener, 3 parts of a colorant, 4 parts of a lubricant, 4 parts of a flame retardant and 4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 6 parts of phenol, 15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, including 4 parts of cellulose and 4 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 6 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 3 parts of triphenyl phosphate and 2 parts of melamine cyanurate.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at 200r/min with the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide being 1:0.5, reacting for 2 hours, heating to 23 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) adding triphenyl phosphate into the mixture A, stirring, heating, and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;
(3) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 600r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture C;
(4) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture C, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding the mixture A into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture E, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Comparative example 3
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 4 parts of a plasticizer, 4 parts of a hardener, 3 parts of a colorant, 4 parts of a lubricant, 4 parts of a flame retardant and 4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 6 parts of phenol, 15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, including 4 parts of cellulose and 4 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 6 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at 200r/min with the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide being 1:0.5, reacting for 2 hours, heating to 23 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) putting parachlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 2MPa, heating at 230 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, stirring, heating, and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 600r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Comparative example 4
The anti-cracking polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 4 parts of a plasticizer, 4 parts of a hardener, 3 parts of a colorant, 4 parts of a lubricant and 4 parts of a flame retardant.
The heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 6 parts of phenol, 15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 8 parts of barium zinc stabilizer.
The lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of magnesium stearate.
The hardener comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, including 4 parts of cellulose and 4 parts of glass fiber.
The plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 6 parts of methyl phosphate.
The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 3 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material comprises the following steps,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at 200r/min with the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide being 1:0.5, reacting for 2 hours, heating to 23 ℃, and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
(2) putting p-chlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen, controlling the pressure at 2MPa, heating at 230 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at 130 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃, adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer, heating, stirring for 600r/min, adding polyvinyl chloride, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(5) adding cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to 180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
Experiment of
Using example 3 as a control, comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 were set up, wherein no phenol was contained in the comparative examples, no p-chlorophenol was contained in the comparative example 2, no triphenyl phosphate was contained in the comparative example 3, and no zirconium dioxide was contained in the comparative example 4.
3 parts of each of examples 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3 and 4 was subjected to a combustion performance test using GB 8410-2006 test method, and the results were as follows,
watch 1
Tensile strength performance tests were performed on 3 parts of each of examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 using ISO 1926.2009 test methods, and the results were as follows,
| experimental group | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| Tensile Strength (KPa) | 815 | 816 | 820 | 813 | 815 | 812 | 824 |
Watch two
3 parts of each of examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 was subjected to ultraviolet accelerated aging, and then to tensile strength property test using ISO 1926.2009 test method, with the results shown below,
| experimental group | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| Tensile Strength (KPa) | 804 | 807 | 811 | 803 | 794 | 804 | 807 |
Watch III
The surface resistance test was carried out on 3 parts of each of examples 1, 2, 3, 4 by the test method GB/T1410-89, and the results were as follows,
| experimental group | Surface resistivity (omega) | Experimental group | Surface resistivity (omega) |
| Example 1 | 5.8×1012 | Example 2 | 9.5×1012 |
| Example 3 | 6.4×1012 | Comparative example 1 | 8.4×1012 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.5×1012 | Comparative example 3 | 4.8×1012 |
| Comparative example 4 | 5.9×1010 |
Watch four
Data and analysis
The burning rate in the comparative example 1 is higher than that in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the tensile strength (KPa), the aged tensile strength (KPa) and the surface resistance (omega) of the comparative example 1 are not much different from those in the examples 1, 2 and 3, because the comparative example does not contain phenol, so the invention generates sodium phenolate by using the combination of phenol and sodium hydroxide, absorbs phosgene, improves the safety of the product in the preparation and use processes, and the sodium phenolate can be combined with triphenyl phosphate and resorcinol to form a more stable phosphate compound, thereby further improving the flame retardant property of the product.
The burning rate of the comparative example 2 is higher than that of the examples 1, 2 and 3, the aged tensile strength (KPa) and the aged surface resistance (omega) are not much different from those of the examples 1, 2 and 3, because the comparative example 2 does not contain parachlorophenol, the invention selects parachlorophenol when selecting to add the flame retardant, the parachlorophenol is used in combination with triphenyl phosphate and melamine cyanurate to increase the flame retardant performance of the product, but if the chloride is added in a large amount, a large amount of halogen is emitted to seriously pollute the environment, so the invention also adds zirconium dioxide, which is a stable substance and can improve the insulating performance of the product and can also be used as a catalyst to convert part of the parachlorophenol into hydroquinone, and the hydroquinone can be used as an antioxidant, the antioxidant property of the product is improved, and the amount of halogen emitted by the product during preparation or use can be reduced, so that the safety performance and the flame resistance of the product are improved.
The burning rate in the comparative example 3 is higher than that in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the aged tensile strength (KPa) and surface resistance (omega) are not greatly different from those in the examples 1, 2 and 3, because the comparative example 3 does not contain triphenyl phosphate, hydroxyl groups are added to the second position and the third position of an aromatic ring in the process of reacting p-chlorophenol, for example, resorcinol is added, and the resorcinol can be used as an adhesive to prevent the decomposition of crosslinked polyethylene-polyvinyl chloride and can be combined with triphenyl phosphate and sodium phenolate to form a more stable phosphate compound, so that the flame retardant property of the product can be further improved.
The burning rate in the comparative example 4 is higher than that in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the surface resistance (omega) is lower than that in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the tensile strength (KPa) after aging is not much different from that in the examples 1, 2 and 3, the invention also adds zirconium dioxide which is a stable substance and can improve the insulating property of the product and also can be used as a catalyst to convert partial p-chlorophenol into hydroquinone, the hydroquinone can be used as an antioxidant to improve the antioxidant property of the product and also can reduce the amount of halogen emitted during the preparation or use of the product, thereby improving the safety property and the flame resistance of the product, in the reaction process of the p-chlorophenol, hydroxyl can be added to not only the second position of an aromatic ring but also the third position of the aromatic ring, for example, the resorcinol is added as an adhesive to prevent the decomposition of the crosslinked polyethylene-polyvinyl chloride, and can be combined with triphenyl phosphate and sodium phenolate to form a more stable phosphate ester compound, so that the flame retardant property of the product can be further improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an anti fracture polyethylene photovoltaic cable material which characterized in that: the photovoltaic cable material comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5-7 parts of a heat stabilizer, 2-4 parts of a plasticizer, 2-4 parts of a hardener, 2-3 parts of a colorant, 2-4 parts of a lubricant, 2-4 parts of a flame retardant and 2-4 parts of zirconium dioxide.
2. The crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat stabilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 4-6 parts of phenol, 10-15 parts of methyl tin heat stabilizer and 5-8 parts of barium zinc heat stabilizer.
3. The crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lubricant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1-2 parts of sodium stearate and 1-2 parts of magnesium stearate.
4. The crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hardener comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 2-4 parts of cellulose and 2-4 parts of glass fiber.
5. The crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plasticizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5-10 parts of cyclic fatty acid methyl ester and 2-6 parts of methyl phosphate.
6. The crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1-3 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 1-2 parts of melamine cyanurate and 2-4 parts of p-chlorophenol.
7. A preparation method of a cracking-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the steps are as follows,
(1) dissolving phenol in an ethanol solution, carrying out ice-water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring at the speed of 200r/min for 100-;
(2) putting p-chlorophenol into a closed reaction kettle, adding sodium hydroxide and zirconium dioxide, introducing nitrogen, heating at the temperature of 200-230 ℃, and reacting for 2-3h to obtain a mixture B;
(3) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, adding triphenyl phosphate, stirring, heating at the temperature of 120-130 ℃, and reacting for 1-3h to obtain a mixture C;
(4) heating the crosslinked polyethylene to a molten state, controlling the temperature to be 200-;
(5) adding cyclofatty acid methyl ester and methyl phosphate into the mixture D, heating to 190 ℃, stirring, adding melamine cyanurate, and stirring to obtain a mixture E;
(6) adding the mixture C into the mixture E, stirring, adding cellulose and glass fiber, stirring, heating to the temperature of 160-180 ℃, and stirring to obtain a mixture D;
(7) and adding sodium stearate, magnesium stearate and a coloring agent into the mixture D, stirring, putting into a flat plate vulcanizing machine for tabletting, and tabletting for 5-15min to obtain the polyethylene photovoltaic cable material.
8. The preparation method of the crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (1), the molar ratio of the phenol to the sodium hydroxide is 1: 0.4-0.5.
9. The preparation method of the crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material according to claim 7, characterized in that: and (3) adding a methyl tin heat stabilizer and a barium zinc heat stabilizer, and then adding polyvinyl chloride.
10. The preparation method of the crack-resistant polyethylene photovoltaic cable material according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (2), nitrogen is introduced during the reaction, and the pressure is controlled to be 1-2 MPa.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114479236A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州渝茂电子科技有限公司 | Plastic particle flame-retardant research formula and main raw material storage monitoring system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114479236A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州渝茂电子科技有限公司 | Plastic particle flame-retardant research formula and main raw material storage monitoring system |
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