CN112266199A - Diatomite brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Diatomite brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112266199A
CN112266199A CN202011214149.1A CN202011214149A CN112266199A CN 112266199 A CN112266199 A CN 112266199A CN 202011214149 A CN202011214149 A CN 202011214149A CN 112266199 A CN112266199 A CN 112266199A
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Prior art keywords
diatomite
brick
percent
equal
raw material
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Withdrawn
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CN202011214149.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚华柏
马晓明
曹磊
李庆贺
段静芳
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Anshan City Liangzi Refractories Group Co ltd
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Anshan City Liangzi Refractories Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011214149.1A priority Critical patent/CN112266199A/en
Publication of CN112266199A publication Critical patent/CN112266199A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/28—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
    • C04B28/344—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids

Abstract

The invention aims to solve the problems of complex manufacture of water storage bricks or high manufacturing cost of light heat-resistant materials in the prior art, provides a diatomite brick and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of diatomite. The diatomite brick is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: raw material A: 80-89% of diatomite and 5-10% of attapulgite; raw material B: 0.2-0.3% of explosion-proof fiber, 3-5% of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2-9% of binding agent; raw material A + B =100%, then 0-0.5% of filling agent and 2-9% of binding agent are added. When the diatomite brick is used as a water storage brick, natural ways and artificial measures are combined, so that the storage, permeation and purification of rainwater are realized to the maximum extent, and the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of ecological environment are promoted; when the material is a heat-resistant material, the material has a low density and is suitably used when a low-density material is required. The preparation method is simple and low in cost.

Description

Diatomite brick and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of diatomite, and particularly relates to a diatomite brick capable of absorbing water and resisting high temperature and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, urban roads and squares are mostly paved by traditional water-blocking materials such as cement building blocks and common ceramic sintered bricks, so that rainwater penetrability is hindered, urban underground water resources are attenuated year by year, and urban underground water level is reduced.
At present, the water permeable brick is popular in urban construction, and has the following advantages:
1. the water-permeable and air-permeable composite material has good water permeability and air permeability, can enable rainwater to rapidly permeate into the ground, replenishes soil water and underground water, keeps soil humidity, and improves survival conditions of urban ground plants and soil microorganisms.
2. Can absorb moisture and heat, adjust the temperature and humidity of local space of the earth surface, and can be used for adjusting the microclimate of the city and relieving the effect of the urban heat island.
3. Can reduce urban drainage and flood control pressure, and has good effects of preventing pollution of public water areas and treating sewage.
4. The rain-proof snow sweeper does not accumulate water after rain and does not skid after snow, and is convenient for citizens to go out.
5. The surface is tiny unsmooth, prevents the road surface reflection of light, absorbs the noise that the vehicle produced when driving, can improve the current travelling comfort and the security of vehicle.
6. The color is rich, natural and simple.
However, for the area needing water storage, if the water permeable bricks with the water storage function are laid on the ground or a building, the water storage mode can be increased. The existing water storage brick is generally provided with a cavity or extra materials in the brick, the manufacturing process is complex, or the density is high, so that the market demand can not be met.
In addition, the industry needs light high-temperature resistant heat-resistant materials, but the density of the common heat-resistant materials is relatively high, and the low-density heat-resistant materials need to be foamed or added with materials such as alumina hollow spheres, so that the manufacturing cost is relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex manufacture of water storage bricks or high cost of light heat-resistant materials in the prior art, and provides a diatomite brick and a preparation method thereof. When the diatomite brick is used as a water storage brick, natural ways and artificial measures are combined, so that the storage, permeation and purification of rainwater are realized to the maximum extent, and the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of ecological environment are promoted; when the material is a heat-resistant material, the material has a low density and is suitably used when a low-density material is required. The preparation method is simple and low in cost.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is that the diatomite brick is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
raw material A: 80-89% of diatomite and 5-10% of attapulgite;
raw material B: 0.2-0.3% of explosion-proof fiber, 3-5% of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2-9% of binding agent;
raw material A + B =100%, then 0-0.5% of filling agent and 2-9% of binding agent are added.
Further, the chemical composition of the diatomite brick is as follows: SiO 22≥55%，CaO≤2.5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 9 percent, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of MgO, less than or equal to 5 percent of water, less than or equal to 20 percent of ignition loss, and 230-mesh granularity;
diatomite is a siliceous rock whose chemical composition is SiO2Mainly has a specific surface area of 40-65m2Per g, pore volume of 0.45-0.98m3The water absorption is 2-4 times of the volume of the material, and a special porous structure can be observed under an electron microscope; the main advantages are that: the water-absorbing and water-retaining agent has the excellent performances of large porosity, strong absorptivity, stable chemical property, wear resistance, heat resistance and the like, namely excellent water absorption and water storage performances.
Further, in the diatomite brick, the chemical composition of the attapulgite is as follows: SiO 22≥50%，CaO≤5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 5 percent, MgO more than or equal to 5 percent, moisture less than or equal to 5 percent, ignition loss less than or equal to 20 percent, and granularity of 170-230 meshes;
the attapulgite has strong adsorbability and is similar to activated carbon. The attapulgite is a crystalline hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate mineral, has unique layer chain structure characteristics, and has lattice displacement in the structure, so the attapulgite is an ideal adsorbent and can replace activated carbon. It can not only decolour, but also remove odour and heavy metal ions, and has excellent water-purifying property.
Further, the specifications of the anti-explosion fiber of the diatomite brick are as follows: the length is 3-5 mm, and the water-solubility is realized;
further, in the diatomite brick, the specification of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is as follows: the viscosity is more than or equal to 200000 MPa.S;
further, in the diatomite brick, the filler is light polymer balls;
further, the specification of the light gathering ball of the diatomite brick is as follows: the material is EPS, and the density is 0.2-0.4g/cm3The granularity is 0.5-1 mm;
light ball gathering: light weight, good elasticity and uniform particles, and can be used as pore-forming material to improve the water absorption and storage performance of the product.
Further, in the diatomite brick, the binder is phosphate, polysaccharide or resin;
further, in the diatomite brick, the phosphates are aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum monohydrogen phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium superphosphate;
further, in the diatomite brick, the polysaccharide is sodium alginate;
further, in the diatomite brick, the resin is phenolic resin.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the preparation method of the diatomite brick comprises the following steps:
1. uniformly mixing the explosion-proof fiber of the raw material B, the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and the binding agent to obtain premixed powder;
2. mixing the diatomite and the attapulgite of the raw material A with the premixed powder, adding water accounting for 2-3% of the total weight of the raw materials A and B, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3. pressing and molding the blank material, and sintering for 2-3 h at 900-1050 ℃ to obtain a blank brick;
4. crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5. and uniformly stirring the feed, the filler and the binding agent, and performing compression molding, wherein the molding pressure is 2.0-3.3 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 1-2 min, and the diatomite brick is obtained after drying at 100-200 ℃ for 10-15 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. as water storage bricks: the natural approach is combined with artificial measures, so that the storage, permeation and purification of rainwater are realized to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the safety of drainage and waterlogging prevention, and the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of ecological environment are promoted.
2. As a refractory material: the material has low density, and is suitable for use when a low-density material is needed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The diatomite has the particle size of 200 meshes and the chemical composition of: SiO 22≥55%，CaO≤2.5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 9 percent, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of MgO, less than or equal to 5 percent of water, and less than or equal to 20 percent of ignition loss.
The particle size of the attapulgite is 200 meshes, and the chemical composition is as follows: SiO 22≥50%，CaO≤5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 5 percent, MgO more than or equal to 5 percent, moisture less than or equal to 5 percent and ignition less than or equal to 20 percent.
The specifications of the explosion-proof fiber are as follows: length 4mm, melting point 80 deg.C, water solubility.
The viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is more than or equal to 200000 MPa.S.
The light polymer ball is made of EPS and has the density of 0.2g/cm3The porosity is 50%, and the particle size is 0.5-1 mm.
Example 1
The weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
raw material A: 88.7 percent of diatomite and 5 percent of attapulgite;
raw material B: 0.3 percent of explosion-proof fiber, 4 percent of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2 percent of sodium alginate;
raw material C: 0.2% of filler and 8% of phenolic resin;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. premixing 3g of explosion-proof fiber, 40g of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 20g of binding agent in a premixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain premixed powder;
2. adding 887g of diatomite and 50g of attapulgite into a stirrer for mixing, adding premixed powder while stirring, adding 30g of water after the premixed powder is added, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3. pressing and molding the blank material by using a friction press, and sintering by using a shuttle kiln to obtain a blank brick (the sintering temperature is 950 ℃ and is multiplied by 3 hours);
4. crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5. adding the materials with the particle size of not more than 6mm into a stirrer, adding 2g of filler and 80g of bonding agent while stirring, uniformly stirring, molding by using a hydraulic press, keeping the molding pressure at 2.0MPa for 2min, and drying at 200 ℃ for 10h to obtain the diatomite brick.
Example 2
The weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
raw material A: 84.7 percent of diatomite 200 meshes and 10 percent of attapulgite 200 meshes;
raw material B: 4mm of explosion-proof fiber, 0.3 percent of explosion-proof fiber, 3 percent of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2 percent of sodium alginate;
raw material C: 0.5-1mm of filler, 0.3 percent of filler and 8 percent of phenolic resin;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. 3g of explosion-proof fiber, 30g of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 20g of binding agent are premixed in a premixer and are mixed uniformly to form premixed powder;
2. adding 847g of diatomite and 100g of attapulgite into a stirrer for mixing, adding premixed powder while stirring, adding 30g of water after the premixed powder is added, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3. pressing and molding the blank material by using a friction press, and sintering by using a shuttle kiln to obtain a blank brick (the sintering temperature is 950 ℃ and is multiplied by 3 hours);
4. crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5. adding 0-6mm of feed into a stirrer, adding 3g of filler and 80g of binding agent while stirring, uniformly stirring, molding by using a hydraulic press, keeping the molding pressure at 3.3MPa for 1min, and drying at 200 ℃ for 10h to obtain the diatomite brick.
Example 3
The weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
raw material A: 80.0% of diatomite and 5.8% of attapulgite;
raw material B: 0.2% of explosion-proof fiber, 5% of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 9% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate;
raw material C: 2% of aluminum monohydrogen phosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. 2g of explosion-proof fiber, 50g of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 90g of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate are premixed in a premixer and are mixed uniformly to form premixed powder;
2. adding 800g of diatomite and 58g of attapulgite into a stirrer for mixing, adding premixed powder while stirring, adding 20g of water after the premixed powder is added, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3. pressing and molding the blank material by using a friction press, and sintering by using a shuttle kiln to obtain a blank brick (the sintering temperature is 900 ℃ multiplied by 2.5 h);
4. crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5. adding 0-6mm of feed into a stirrer, adding 20g of aluminum monohydrogen phosphate while stirring, uniformly stirring, molding by using a hydraulic press, keeping the molding pressure at 2.5MPa for 1.5min, and drying at 150 ℃ for 13h to obtain the diatomite brick.
Example 4
The weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
raw material A: 89.0% of diatomite and 5% of attapulgite;
raw material B: 0.25 percent of explosion-proof fiber, 3 percent of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2.75 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate;
raw material C: 0.5% of filler and 9% of sodium tripolyphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. 2.5g of explosion-proof fiber, 30g of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 27.5g of sodium hexametaphosphate are premixed in a premixer and are mixed uniformly to form premixed powder;
2. adding 890g of diatomite and 50g of attapulgite into a stirrer for mixing, adding premixed powder while stirring, adding 25g of water after the premixed powder is added, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3. pressing and molding the blank material by using a friction press, and sintering by using a shuttle kiln to obtain a blank brick (the sintering temperature is 1050 ℃ multiplied by 2 h);
4. crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5. adding 0-6mm of filler into a stirrer, adding 5g of filler and 90g of sodium tripolyphosphate while stirring, uniformly stirring, molding by using a hydraulic press, keeping the molding pressure at 2.5MPa for 1.5min, and drying at 100 ℃ for 15h to obtain the diatomite brick.
The water-absorbable and water-storage pore canal type diatomite brick produced according to the formula and the method has the volume density of 0.8-1.5g/cm3Under natural conditions, the saturated water absorption rate is 35-40%, the compressive strength is 20MPa, and the refractoriness under load is 1000 ℃.

Claims (10)

1. The diatomite brick is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
raw material A: 80-89% of diatomite and 5-10% of attapulgite;
raw material B: 0.2-0.3% of explosion-proof fiber, 3-5% of hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and 2-9% of binding agent;
raw material A + B =100%, then 0-0.5% of filling agent and 2-9% of binding agent are added.
2. The diatomaceous earth brick of claim 1, wherein the diatomaceous earth has a chemical composition of: SiO 22≥55%，CaO≤2.5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 9 percent, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of MgO, less than or equal to 5 percent of water, less than or equal to 20 percent of ignition loss and granularity of170 and 230 meshes.
3. The diatomite brick according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the attapulgite is: SiO 22≥50%，CaO≤5%，Al2O3≥10%，Fe2O3Less than or equal to 5 percent, MgO more than or equal to 5 percent, moisture less than or equal to 5 percent, ignition loss less than or equal to 20 percent, and granularity of 170-230 meshes.
4. The diatomite brick according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof fiber has a specification of: 3-5 mm in length and water-soluble.
5. The diatomaceous earth brick of claim 1, wherein the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is of a specification: the viscosity is more than or equal to 200000 MPa.S.
6. The diatomite brick of claim 1 wherein the filler is poly-light ball, the material is EPS, and the density is 0.2-0.4g/cm3The granularity is 0.5-1 mm.
7. The diatomite brick according to claim 1, wherein the binder is a phosphate, a polysaccharide or a resin.
8. A preparation method of the diatomite brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing the explosion-proof fiber of the raw material B, the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and the binding agent to obtain premixed powder;
2) mixing the diatomite and the attapulgite of the raw material A with the premixed powder, adding water accounting for 2-3% of the total weight of the raw materials A and B, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blank material;
3) pressing and molding the blank material, and sintering to obtain a blank brick;
4) crushing the blank brick into a feed with the diameter not more than 6 mm;
5) and uniformly stirring the feed, the filler and the bonding agent, pressing and forming, and drying to obtain the diatomite brick.
9. The method for preparing the diatomite brick according to claim 8, wherein in the step 3), the sintering schedule is as follows: sintering at 900-1050 ℃ for 2-3 h.
10. The method for preparing the diatomite brick according to claim 8, wherein in the step 5), the pressing conditions are as follows: molding pressure is 2.0-3.3 MPa, and pressure is maintained for 1-2 min; the drying conditions are as follows: drying for 10-15 h at 100-200 ℃.
CN202011214149.1A 2020-11-04 2020-11-04 Diatomite brick and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN112266199A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103265266A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-08-28 辽宁东奥非金属材料开发有限公司 Formula and preparation method of microwave sintered kieselguhr brick
CN105731976A (en) * 2016-01-20 2016-07-06 广西丛欣实业有限公司 Insulating brick and preparation method thereof
CN105967751A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-28 福州比美特环保产品有限公司 Multifunctional diatomite breathing brick and production method thereof
CN106830880A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 青岛宏致复合织造有限公司 A kind of preparation method of diatomite brick
CN107698277A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-16 望江县中山新型建材有限公司 A kind of method that high-strength sintered brick is prepared using diatomite

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103265266A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-08-28 辽宁东奥非金属材料开发有限公司 Formula and preparation method of microwave sintered kieselguhr brick
CN106830880A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 青岛宏致复合织造有限公司 A kind of preparation method of diatomite brick
CN105731976A (en) * 2016-01-20 2016-07-06 广西丛欣实业有限公司 Insulating brick and preparation method thereof
CN105967751A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-28 福州比美特环保产品有限公司 Multifunctional diatomite breathing brick and production method thereof
CN107698277A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-16 望江县中山新型建材有限公司 A kind of method that high-strength sintered brick is prepared using diatomite

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Application publication date: 20210126