CN112264839A - Cutting tool abrasion in-situ measuring device and method for manufacturing Internet of things - Google Patents
Cutting tool abrasion in-situ measuring device and method for manufacturing Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN112264839A CN112264839A CN202011103335.8A CN202011103335A CN112264839A CN 112264839 A CN112264839 A CN 112264839A CN 202011103335 A CN202011103335 A CN 202011103335A CN 112264839 A CN112264839 A CN 112264839A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
Abstract
The invention provides a cutting tool abrasion in-place measuring device and method for manufacturing an Internet of things, which are used for realizing in-place measurement of the abrasion of a cutting tool in the manufactured Internet of things, so that the efficiency and the accuracy of the tool abrasion measurement are improved. The measuring device comprises a numerical control machine tool spindle; the cutter is an object to be detected and is arranged on a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, the cutter is provided with a side blade and a bottom blade, and the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool drives the cutter to rotate or move in a reciprocating linear mode in the Z-axis direction; the telecentric lens and the CCD industrial camera are respectively provided with two groups and respectively face to the side edge and the bottom edge of the cutter for taking pictures of the cutter, and can also do reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction; the industrial personal computer comprises a camera communication module, a machine tool communication module and an image processing and abrasion loss calculation module, and is used for controlling the actions of the CCD industrial camera and the spindle of the numerical control machine tool and processing the pictures shot by the CCD industrial camera.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tool wear measurement of numerical control machine tools, mainly relates to a tool wear measurement method, a system and a device, and particularly relates to a cutting tool wear in-situ measurement device and a method for manufacturing an internet of things.
Background
In a metal cutting process, as a portion directly contacting a workpiece, cutting tool wear is a ubiquitous inevitable phenomenon, and is increasing as the length of machining time increases. With the rapid development of aerospace technology, higher requirements are provided for materials, structures, machining precision and the like of parts, and aerospace difficult-to-machine materials have the characteristics of complex structures, large removal amount and the like, so that higher requirements are provided for measuring the abrasion of cutting tools. According to industrial statistics, the proportion of scrapped parts and machine tool fault shutdown caused by excessive wear of the cutting tool and not timely found reaches 1/3. Furthermore, wear of the cutting tool has a significant impact on the life of the machine and even the personal safety of the operator. Therefore, accurately and efficiently measuring the abrasion of the cutting tool has important significance for reducing the cost, improving the production efficiency and improving the production quality.
The method for monitoring the abrasion of the cutting tool comprises an indirect detection method and a direct detection method, wherein the indirect detection method generally judges the current abrasion state of the cutting tool by monitoring sensing signals such as cutting force, vibration, acoustic emission and the like which are directly related to the abrasion loss of the cutting tool, and the method has great randomness and can only qualitatively detect the abrasion state of the cutting tool; the direct detection method is generally a detection method based on machine vision, and can be divided into a three-dimensional detection method based on a structured light technology and a vision method based on a common two-dimensional camera according to the principle; the off-line detection and the in-place detection are divided into an off-line detection mode and an in-place detection mode, the off-line detection mode requires that a machine tool is stopped, the cutting tool is taken down and sent into a special detection workshop for detection, although the detection precision is high, the detection efficiency is low, and positioning errors are easily caused in the process of dismounting the cutting tool. In-place detection does not need machine tool halt and does not need to take off the cutting tool, so that the in-place detection of the cutting tool without disassembly and assembly can be realized, and the quantitative measurement of the high precision of the tool abrasion amount is realized.
With the rapid development of manufacturing technology, internet of things technology and the like, the global manufacturing environment has the characteristics of synergy, informatization and intellectualization, and higher requirements are provided for improving the efficiency and quality in the production and manufacturing process, reducing the production cost and resource consumption and the like. Numerical control processing is taken as an important ring in manufacturing the Internet of things, and the abrasion measurement technology of the cutting tool needs to be upgraded urgently, so that the intelligent manufacturing is revolutionized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cutting tool abrasion in-place measuring device and method for manufacturing an Internet of things, which are used for realizing in-place measurement of the abrasion of a cutting tool in the Internet of things, so that the tool abrasion measuring efficiency and accuracy are improved, the production cost is effectively reduced, and the production efficiency and the production quality are improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing Internet of things, comprising:
a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool;
the cutter is an object to be detected and is arranged on the numerical control machine tool spindle, the cutter is provided with a side blade and a bottom blade, and the numerical control machine tool spindle drives the cutter to rotate or reciprocate in a linear motion in the Z-axis direction;
the telecentric lens and the CCD industrial camera are respectively provided with two groups and respectively face to the side edge and the bottom edge of the cutter for taking pictures, and can also move in a reciprocating straight line in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction;
the industrial personal computer comprises a camera communication module, a machine tool communication module and an image processing and abrasion loss calculation module, and is used for controlling the actions of the CCD industrial camera and the spindle of the numerical control machine tool and processing the pictures shot by the CCD industrial camera.
As a preferred embodiment, the two groups of CCD industrial cameras are respectively mounted on the bracket through a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjustment platform and a posture adjustment pan/tilt;
the multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform comprises a plurality of servo motors and is used for adjusting the positions of the CCD industrial camera in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction;
the attitude adjusting cradle head is used for adjusting and fixing the attitude of the CCD industrial camera and reducing the influence caused by vibration;
the servo motor is connected with an industrial personal computer through a servo system control bus, the CCD industrial camera is connected with the industrial personal computer through a camera communication bus, and a main shaft of the industrial personal computer is connected with the industrial personal computer through a machine tool communication bus.
In a preferred embodiment, each CCD industrial camera is further provided with a ring-shaped LED light source, and the irradiation direction of the ring-shaped LED light source is consistent with the orientation of the CCD industrial camera.
The system comprises a numerical control system, a control computer and a control system, wherein the numerical control system is used for connecting the industrial personal computer and a numerical control machine spindle, receiving an instruction of the industrial personal computer and controlling the action of the numerical control machine spindle.
The measuring method of the cutting tool abrasion in-place measuring device for manufacturing the Internet of things comprises the following sequential steps
S1, adjusting the configuration of software and hardware of an image in-place sensing system;
s2, adjusting the pose adjusting system to determine the position and the posture;
s3, acquiring a cutter abrasion image and transmitting the cutter abrasion image to an industrial personal computer;
and S4, processing the cutter abrasion image and calculating an abrasion value.
As a preferred embodiment, in step S1
S11, calibrating internal and external parameters of the two CCD industrial cameras, the focal lengths of the two telecentric lenses and the intensity and direction of the two annular LED light sources respectively to ensure that clear and undistorted images can be obtained;
and S12, configuring shutter time, resolution and the like of the two CCD industrial cameras through the camera communication bus.
As a preferred embodiment, in step S2
S21, controlling a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform to move in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction through a servo system control bus, and simultaneously returning images acquired by a CCD industrial camera to an industrial personal computer in real time through a camera communication bus, so that the position of the CCD industrial camera is not interfered with the running of a machine tool body, and clear and complete images of a cutting edge of a cutter can be shot;
and S21, controlling the posture of the CCD industrial camera through the posture adjusting holder to ensure that the CCD industrial camera and the tool wear surface meet the parallelism requirement.
As a preferred embodiment, in step S3
S31, after various parameters and positions of the image acquisition system are adjusted, the industrial personal computer sends a shutter instruction, and the CCD industrial camera shoots a first side edge cutting edge abrasion image;
s32, determining a primary rotation angle of the numerical control machine tool spindle by the industrial personal computer according to the number of the side blades of the cutter, sending a control instruction through OPC communication to control the numerical control machine tool spindle to rotate correspondingly, stopping after rotating to a required position, and simultaneously sending a shutter instruction by the industrial personal computer to control the CCD industrial camera to shoot a next side blade edge abrasion image;
s33, circularly executing the step S32 until the images of the abrasion of all the side edges of the cutter are acquired;
s34, controlling a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool to move up and down in the Z-axis direction through OPC communication by an industrial personal computer, adjusting the position of a cutter, and shooting all bottom blade edge abrasion images by a CCD industrial camera at one time;
and S35, transmitting all the acquired cutting edge abrasion images through a camera communication bus and storing the acquired cutting edge abrasion images into an industrial personal computer.
As a preferred embodiment, in step S4
S41, image preprocessing, including image gray level transformation, median filtering and histogram equalization, wherein the gray level transformation is used for converting a shot color image into a gray level image; the median filtering is used for suppressing noise behind the grayed image and smoothing the grayscale image; histogram equalization is used for enhancing the overall image contrast, and a clear and strong contrast cutter wear gray scale image can be obtained through the processing;
s42, threshold segmentation, namely obtaining a strong-contrast black-and-white binary blade edge wear image by adopting an automatic threshold segmentation method;
s43, connected domain marking, namely finding and marking each connected domain in the binarized blade wear image through the 4-domain connected domain marking;
s44, edge detection, namely extracting a cutting edge abrasion boundary of the cutting edge through Canny edge detection, and storing an edge abrasion image after the edge detection;
s45, Hough transformation is carried out, and an unworn blade image is fitted through Hough transformation on the basis of Canny edge detection;
s46, calculating a minimum circumscribed rectangle, calculating the minimum circumscribed rectangle of the blade which is not worn by Hough transform, and providing a comparison basis for the next blade wear amount calculation;
and S47, calculating the abrasion loss, comparing the edge abrasion image after the edge detection in the step S44 with the minimum circumscribed rectangle unworn edge abrasion image in the step S46, and calculating the abrasion area and the maximum abrasion width of each edge of the cutter.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) two orthogonal CCD industrial cameras are adopted, the abrasion values of the side edge and the bottom edge of the cutter can be collected and measured simultaneously, the two cameras do not influence each other, and the side edge or the bottom edge of the cutter can be measured independently.
(2) The camera position and posture adjusting system has a multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting function, is large in adjusting range and suitable for on-site measurement of abrasion of most machine tool models and cutting edges of all vertical milling cutters, and can realize accurate adjustment of the position and posture of the camera by adopting servo control.
(3) The cloud platform that links to each other with the camera can the gesture of multi freedom regulation camera, has guaranteed the depth of parallelism of camera and cutter blade, and simultaneously, the cloud platform can self-adaptation regulation in the course of the work, reduces the influence of lathe body vibration to the camera, has reduced the shake of camera to the distortion factor of gathering cutter wearing and tearing picture has been reduced, has improved measurement accuracy.
(4) The whole system is high in integration degree, an industrial personal computer is used as a core processing unit, the pose adjusting system control module, the camera communication module, the machine tool communication module and the image processing and computing module are integrated together, the adjustment of the servo system and the movement of a machine tool spindle can be accurately controlled, and the reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole system are improved.
(5) The method for calculating the abrasion loss of the cutting edge by comparing the abrasion image of the cutting edge of the cutter with the image of the fitted unworn cutter does not need to establish an unworn cutter model, so that the modeling time of the cutter is removed, and the efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, a tool unworn model does not need to be established in advance, so that the end mill can be suitable for end mills of any size and in any model.
(6) The abrasion of the numerical control machine tool can be measured in place in the numerical control machining gap under the condition that the tool is not taken down, so that the detection time is greatly reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, a series of image processing algorithms are adopted, so that the abrasion area and the maximum abrasion width of each edge of the cutter can be obtained, and the accuracy is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing the Internet of things;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart diagram of a cutting tool wear in-place measurement method for manufacturing an Internet of things;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a tool wear image processing and wear value calculation method;
in the figure: 1-main shaft of numerically controlled machine tool; 2-cutting tools; 3-a numerical control system; 4-an industrial personal computer; 5-ring LED light source; 6-telecentric lens; 7-CCD industrial cameras; 8-attitude adjusting pan-tilt; 9-a servo motor; 10-servo system control bus; 11-camera communication bus; 12-machine tool communication bus.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of an in-situ cutting tool wear measuring device for manufacturing the internet of things includes an industrial personal computer (4), which is a core processing unit of the system and internally includes a camera communication module, a machine tool communication module, and an image processing and wear amount calculating module.
Still include digit control machine tool main shaft (1), install cutter (2) on digit control machine tool main shaft (1), cutter (2) are the object of waiting to detect of this embodiment promptly, and cutter (2) have side sword and end sword, and digit control machine tool main shaft (1) can drive cutter (2) rotatory or at the reciprocating linear motion of Z axle direction.
The tool is characterized by further comprising two telecentric lenses (6) and CCD industrial cameras (7), wherein the number of the telecentric lenses is two, the telecentric lenses face the side edge and the bottom edge of the tool (2) respectively, namely the two groups of CCD industrial cameras (7) are orthogonal, the telecentric lenses are used for photographing the side edge and the bottom edge of the tool (2), and the telecentric lenses (6) and the CCD industrial cameras (7) can also move linearly in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
The two groups of CCD industrial cameras (7) are respectively arranged on the bracket through a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform and a posture adjusting tripod head (8); the multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform comprises a plurality of servo motors (9) and is used for adjusting the positions of the CCD industrial camera (7) in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction; the attitude adjusting cloud deck (8) is used for adjusting and fixing the attitude of the CCD industrial camera (7) and reducing the influence caused by vibration; the servo motor (9) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a servo system control bus (10), the CCD industrial camera (7) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a camera communication bus (11), and the numerical control machine spindle (1) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a machine tool communication bus (12).
The camera communication module is used for controlling the CCD industrial camera (7), the machine tool communication module is used for controlling the numerical control machine tool spindle (1), and the image processing and abrasion loss calculating module is used for processing the pictures shot by the CCD industrial camera (7).
An annular LED light source (5) is further arranged at each CCD industrial camera (7), and the irradiation direction of the annular LED light source (5) is consistent with the direction of the CCD industrial camera (7) and is used for providing a light source required by the CCD industrial camera (7) for shooting and reducing the influence of indoor ambient light.
The numerical control system (3) is used for connecting the industrial personal computer (4) with the numerical control machine tool spindle (1), receiving the instruction of the industrial personal computer (4) and controlling the action of the numerical control machine tool spindle (1).
Example two:
as shown in fig. 2, a flow chart of a measuring method for manufacturing an in-situ measuring device for cutting tool wear of the internet of things mainly includes the following steps:
s1, adjusting the configuration of software and hardware of an image in-place sensing system; and calibrating internal and external parameters of the used camera, and adjusting the focal length of the lens and the intensity of the light source to ensure that a clear and undistorted image is obtained. The method mainly comprises the following two steps:
s11, calibrating the internal and external parameters of the two CCD industrial cameras (7), the focal lengths of the two telecentric lenses (6) and the intensity and direction of the two annular LED light sources (5) respectively to ensure that clear and distortion-free images can be obtained;
and S12, configuring the shutter time, the resolution and the like of the two CCD industrial cameras (7) through the camera communication bus (11).
S2, adjusting the pose adjusting system to determine the position and the posture; through multi freedom regulation platform, adjust two camera spatial position to adjust the camera gesture through the cloud platform that links to each other with the camera, guarantee that the position and the depth of parallelism of camera and cutter satisfy the shooting requirement and can gather clear complete cutter wearing and tearing image. The method mainly comprises the following two steps:
s21, controlling a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform to move in the X-axis and Z-axis directions through a servo system control bus (10), and simultaneously returning images acquired by a CCD industrial camera (7) to an industrial personal computer (4) in real time through a camera communication bus (11), so that the position of the CCD industrial camera (7) is ensured not to interfere with the running of a machine tool body, and clear and complete cutting edge images of the cutter (2) can be shot;
s21, controlling the posture of the CCD industrial camera (7) through the posture adjusting holder (8) to ensure that the wear surfaces of the CCD industrial camera (7) and the cutter (2) meet the parallelism requirement.
S3, acquiring a cutter abrasion image and transmitting the cutter abrasion image to an industrial personal computer; through industrial computer and digit control machine tool communication, the rotation of control digit control machine tool main shaft and the up-and-down motion of Z direction gather the different cutting edge wearing and tearing images of cutter to save in transmitting the industrial computer. The method mainly comprises the following five steps:
s31, after various parameters and positions of the image acquisition system are adjusted, the industrial personal computer (4) sends a shutter instruction, and the CCD industrial camera (7) shoots a first side edge cutting edge abrasion image;
s32, determining a primary rotation angle of the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) by the industrial personal computer (4) according to the number of the side edges of the cutter (2), sending a control instruction through OPC communication to control the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) to rotate correspondingly, stopping after rotating to a required position, and simultaneously sending a shutter instruction by the industrial personal computer (4) to control the CCD industrial camera (7) to shoot a next side edge cutting edge abrasion image;
s33, circularly executing the step S32 until the acquisition of the wear images of all the side edges of the cutter (2) is finished;
s34, an industrial personal computer (4) controls a main shaft (1) of the numerical control machine tool to move up and down in the Z-axis direction through OPC communication, the position of a cutter (2) is adjusted, and a CCD industrial camera (7) can shoot abrasion images of all bottom cutting edges at one time;
and S35, transmitting and storing all the acquired cutting edge abrasion images into the industrial personal computer (4) through the camera communication bus (11).
And S4, processing cutter abrasion images, calculating an abrasion value, and calculating the abrasion area and the maximum abrasion width of each cutting edge of the cutter by processing the acquired cutter abrasion images. As shown in fig. 3, the method mainly comprises the following seven steps:
s41, image preprocessing, including image gray level transformation, median filtering and histogram equalization, wherein the gray level transformation is used for converting a shot color image into a gray level image; the median filtering is used for suppressing noise behind the grayed image and smoothing the grayscale image; histogram equalization is used for enhancing the overall image contrast, and a clear and strong contrast cutter wear gray scale image can be obtained through the processing;
s42, threshold segmentation, namely obtaining a strong-contrast black-and-white binary blade edge wear image by adopting an automatic threshold segmentation method;
s43, connected domain marking, namely finding and marking each connected domain in the binarized blade wear image through the 4-domain connected domain marking;
s44, edge detection, namely extracting a cutting edge abrasion boundary of the cutting edge through Canny edge detection, and storing an edge abrasion image after the edge detection;
s45, Hough transformation is carried out, and an unworn blade image is fitted through Hough transformation on the basis of Canny edge detection;
s46, calculating a minimum circumscribed rectangle, calculating the minimum circumscribed rectangle of the blade which is not worn by Hough transform, and providing a comparison basis for the next blade wear amount calculation;
and S47, calculating the abrasion loss, comparing the edge abrasion image after the edge detection in the step S44 with the minimum circumscribed rectangle unworn edge abrasion image in the step S46, and calculating the abrasion area and the maximum abrasion width of each edge of the cutter.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing Internet of things, comprising:
a numerical control machine tool spindle (1);
the numerical control machine tool comprises a cutter (2), a first positioning device and a second positioning device, wherein the cutter (2) is an object to be detected and is arranged on a numerical control machine tool spindle (1), the cutter (2) is provided with a side blade and a bottom blade, and the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) drives the cutter (2) to rotate or to reciprocate in a linear motion in the Z-axis direction;
two groups of telecentric lenses (6) and two groups of CCD industrial cameras (7) are arranged, face to the side edges and the bottom edges of the cutter (2) respectively and are used for taking pictures of the cutter (2), and the telecentric lenses (6) and the CCD industrial cameras (7) can also move in a reciprocating straight line in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction;
the industrial personal computer (4) comprises a camera communication module, a machine tool communication module and an image processing and abrasion loss calculation module, and the industrial personal computer (4) is used for controlling the actions of the CCD industrial camera (7) and the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) and processing the photos shot by the CCD industrial camera (7).
2. The cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the two groups of CCD industrial cameras (7) are respectively arranged on the bracket through a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform and a posture adjusting tripod head (8);
the multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform comprises a plurality of servo motors (9) and is used for adjusting the positions of the CCD industrial camera (7) in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction;
the posture adjusting cloud deck (8) is used for adjusting and fixing the posture of the CCD industrial camera (7) and reducing the influence caused by vibration;
the servo motor (9) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a servo system control bus (10), the CCD industrial camera (7) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a camera communication bus (11), and the numerical control machine spindle (1) is connected with the industrial personal computer (4) through a machine tool communication bus (12).
3. The cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing the internet of things according to claim 2, wherein: each CCD industrial camera (7) is also provided with an annular LED light source (5), and the irradiation direction of the annular LED light source (5) is consistent with the direction of the CCD industrial camera (7).
4. The cutting tool wear in-place measuring device for manufacturing the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein: the numerical control machine tool is characterized by further comprising a numerical control system (3) which is used for being connected with the industrial personal computer (4) and the numerical control machine tool spindle (1), receiving an instruction of the industrial personal computer (4) and controlling the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) to act.
5. The measurement method for manufacturing the cutting tool wear in-place measurement device of the internet of things according to claim 4, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps: comprises the following sequential steps
S1, adjusting the configuration of software and hardware of an image in-place sensing system;
s2, adjusting the pose adjusting system to determine the position and the posture;
s3, acquiring a cutter abrasion image and transmitting the cutter abrasion image to an industrial personal computer;
and S4, processing the cutter abrasion image and calculating an abrasion value.
6. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S1
S11, calibrating the internal and external parameters of the two CCD industrial cameras (7), the focal lengths of the two telecentric lenses (6) and the intensity and direction of the two annular LED light sources (5) respectively to ensure that clear and distortion-free images can be obtained;
and S12, configuring the shutter time, the resolution and the like of the two CCD industrial cameras (7) through the camera communication bus (11).
7. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S2
S21, controlling a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjusting platform to move in the X-axis and Z-axis directions through a servo system control bus (10), and simultaneously returning images acquired by a CCD industrial camera (7) to an industrial personal computer (4) in real time through a camera communication bus (11), so that the position of the CCD industrial camera (7) is ensured not to interfere with the running of a machine tool body, and clear and complete cutting edge images of the cutter (2) can be shot;
s21, controlling the posture of the CCD industrial camera (7) through the posture adjusting holder (8) to ensure that the wear surfaces of the CCD industrial camera (7) and the cutter (2) meet the parallelism requirement.
8. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S3
S31, after various parameters and positions of the image acquisition system are adjusted, the industrial personal computer (4) sends a shutter instruction, and the CCD industrial camera (7) shoots a first side edge cutting edge abrasion image;
s32, determining a primary rotation angle of the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) by the industrial personal computer (4) according to the number of the side edges of the cutter (2), sending a control instruction through OPC communication to control the numerical control machine tool spindle (1) to rotate correspondingly, stopping after rotating to a required position, and simultaneously sending a shutter instruction by the industrial personal computer (4) to control the CCD industrial camera (7) to shoot a next side edge cutting edge abrasion image;
s33, circularly executing the step S32 until the acquisition of the wear images of all the side edges of the cutter (2) is finished;
s34, an industrial personal computer (4) controls a main shaft (1) of the numerical control machine tool to move up and down in the Z-axis direction through OPC communication, the position of a cutter (2) is adjusted, and a CCD industrial camera (7) can shoot abrasion images of all bottom cutting edges at one time;
and S35, transmitting and storing all the acquired cutting edge abrasion images into the industrial personal computer (4) through the camera communication bus (11).
9. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S4
S41, image preprocessing, including image gray level transformation, median filtering and histogram equalization, wherein the gray level transformation is used for converting a shot color image into a gray level image; the median filtering is used for suppressing noise behind the grayed image and smoothing the grayscale image; histogram equalization is used for enhancing the overall image contrast, and a clear and strong contrast cutter wear gray scale image can be obtained through the processing;
s42, threshold segmentation, namely obtaining a strong-contrast black-and-white binary blade edge wear image by adopting an automatic threshold segmentation method;
s43, connected domain marking, namely finding and marking each connected domain in the binarized blade wear image through the 4-domain connected domain marking;
s44, edge detection, namely extracting a cutting edge abrasion boundary of the cutting edge through Canny edge detection, and storing an edge abrasion image after the edge detection;
s45, Hough transformation is carried out, and an unworn blade image is fitted through Hough transformation on the basis of Canny edge detection;
s46, calculating a minimum circumscribed rectangle, calculating the minimum circumscribed rectangle of the blade which is not worn by Hough transform, and providing a comparison basis for the next blade wear amount calculation;
and S47, calculating the abrasion loss, comparing the edge abrasion image after the edge detection in the step S44 with the minimum circumscribed rectangle unworn edge abrasion image in the step S46, and calculating the abrasion area and the maximum abrasion width of each edge of the cutter.
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| CN202011103335.8A CN112264839A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Cutting tool abrasion in-situ measuring device and method for manufacturing Internet of things |
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| CN202011103335.8A CN112264839A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Cutting tool abrasion in-situ measuring device and method for manufacturing Internet of things |
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| CN113146358A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-07-23 | 王义成 | Numerical control machine tool capable of monitoring and early warning degree of wear of machining tool |
| CN113369992A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-10 | 常州大学 | On-line automatic detection device for abrasion of micro milling cutter |
| CN113482724A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Abrasion grading detection device and grading detection method for disc cutter of heading machine |
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| CN113843659A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-28 | 南京理工大学 | Machine vision-based spindle integrated type cutter damage frequency conversion on-machine detection system and method |
| CN115035120A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-09-09 | 山东迪格重工机械有限公司 | Machine tool control method and system based on Internet of things |
| CN116749365A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-15 | 江苏京创先进电子科技有限公司 | Semiconductor chip cutting equipment and spindle vibration self-adaptive control method |
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| CN112893948A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-04 | 廊坊市飞泽复合材料科技有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of composite material machine machining cutter |
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| CN113482724A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Abrasion grading detection device and grading detection method for disc cutter of heading machine |
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| CN113618490A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-09 | 山东山森数控技术有限公司 | Contact type tool loss detection device and detection method in tool magazine |
| CN113843659A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-28 | 南京理工大学 | Machine vision-based spindle integrated type cutter damage frequency conversion on-machine detection system and method |
| CN113752088A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 南京理工大学 | Tool magazine integrated type tool damage detection system and method based on machine vision |
| CN113752088B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-04-19 | 南京理工大学 | Tool magazine integrated tool damage detection system and method based on machine vision |
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| CN116749365A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-15 | 江苏京创先进电子科技有限公司 | Semiconductor chip cutting equipment and spindle vibration self-adaptive control method |
| CN116749365B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏京创先进电子科技有限公司 | Semiconductor chip cutting equipment and spindle vibration self-adaptive control method |
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