CN112264765A - Method for machining main roller of multi-wire cutting machine - Google Patents
Method for machining main roller of multi-wire cutting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112264765A CN112264765A CN202011090996.1A CN202011090996A CN112264765A CN 112264765 A CN112264765 A CN 112264765A CN 202011090996 A CN202011090996 A CN 202011090996A CN 112264765 A CN112264765 A CN 112264765A
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- shaft
- turning
- shaft head
- main roller
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing a main roller of a multi-wire cutting machine, which comprises the steps of processing a shaft sleeve and a shaft head in a split mode, combining and then welding the shaft sleeve and the shaft head into a whole main roller, and specifically comprises the processing steps of roughly turning the shaft sleeve, carrying out thermal refining treatment on the shaft sleeve, semi-finely turning the shaft sleeve, drilling and tapping screw holes of the shaft sleeve, installing a tool adapter, roughly turning the shaft head, carrying out thermal refining treatment on the shaft head, semi-finely turning the shaft head, drilling and tapping screw holes of the shaft head, assembling a tool plug, carrying out combined welding of the shaft head and the shaft sleeve, carrying out stress relief annealing, carrying out semi-finely turning, carrying out high. The processing method of the main roller of the multi-wire cutting machine improves the precision of the produced main roller, and further ensures that the cut part reaches the precision of each shape and position required by a drawing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting equipment, in particular to a method for machining a main roller of a multi-wire cutting machine.
Background
The multi-line cutting is a novel cutting processing method which carries an abrasive material into a semiconductor processing area for grinding through the high-speed reciprocating motion of a metal wire and simultaneously cuts hard and brittle materials such as semiconductors into hundreds of thin slices at one time. The multi-wire cutting has gradually replaced the traditional internal circle cutting and becomes the main mode of cutting processing.
The main roller of the multi-wire cutting machine is a high-precision main shaft, is a key part of a main shaft system of the multi-wire cutting machine, requires enough rigidity, strength and light weight to realize high-speed rotation movement, and plays an important role in the precision of cutting materials. But the reference of the multi-wire cutting machine in the processing is difficult to be unified at present, so that the form and position precision required by a drawing is difficult to be ensured; therefore, a machining method capable of producing a main roller of a multi-wire saw with high precision is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for processing a main roller of a multi-wire cutting machine, which aims to solve the problems that the main roller of the multi-wire cutting machine is difficult to unify in reference and the cut material is difficult to ensure to meet the precision of each shape and position required by a drawing during processing, improve the precision of a produced main roller and further ensure that a cut part reaches the precision of each shape and position required by the drawing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A method for processing a main roller of a multi-wire cutting machine comprises the steps of firstly processing a shaft sleeve and a shaft head in a split mode, then combining and welding the shaft sleeve and the shaft head into a whole main roller, and specifically processing the steps as follows:
A. processing shaft sleeve
A1. Roughly turning a shaft sleeve: after a bar blank is fed, roughly turning an outer circle, an inner hole and a conical surface pre-hole, and reserving hardening and tempering allowance of 3-4 mm;
A2. and (3) shaft sleeve quenching and tempering: carrying out quenching, oil cooling, high-temperature tempering and air cooling on the roughly turned shaft sleeve;
A3. semi-finish turning of a shaft sleeve: semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface and reserving quenching allowance;
A4. drilling and tapping a screw hole in the shaft sleeve: drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the shaft sleeve;
A5. finish turning the tool adapter, fastening the tool adapter with a shaft sleeve by using an inner hexagonal screw, and drilling a B2.5 central hole in the center of the tool adapter after fastening;
B. processing spindle nose
B1. Roughly turning a shaft head: after a bar blank is fed, roughly turning an outer circle, reserving an inner hole, and reserving hardening and tempering allowance of 3-4 mm;
B2. hardening and tempering the shaft head: carrying out quenching, oil cooling, high-temperature tempering and air cooling on the roughly turned shaft head;
B3. semi-finish turning of a shaft head: semi-finish turning each excircle, reserving inner holes and conical surfaces and reserving quenching allowance;
B4. drilling and tapping a screw hole on a shaft head: drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through and fixing the position of the auxiliary sleeve on the shaft head;
B5. finely turning a center hole, turning a tool plug with 1000 small taper in a matching way, and drilling a B2.5 center hole in the center of the tool plug;
C. combined main roller
C1. Preheating the shaft head and the shaft sleeve to 200-260 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve by adopting a left center clamping device, fixing the shaft head by adopting a right center clamping device, combining the shaft head and the shaft sleeve and keeping the same reference axis, and then welding;
C2. stress relief annealing: heating the main roller to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-2h, and cooling in air;
C3. semi-finish turning each outer circle and conical surface to leave 1.5-2mm of allowance;
C4. high-frequency quenching the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface;
C5. grinding center holes at two ends, and finely turning each excircle and conical surface to leave a margin of 0.5-0.7 mm;
C6. and (3) qualitative treatment: putting the main roller into oil, heating to 160-200 ℃ and preserving heat for 12-16 h;
C7. accurately grinding the positioning holes at two ends and the B2.5 central hole;
C8. finely grinding each excircle and inner and outer conical surfaces;
C9. and (5) after quality inspection is qualified, oiling and warehousing.
Further optimizing the technical scheme that the excircle of the shaft sleeve
Inner bore
Excircle of shaft head
Reserved inner hole
Further optimizing the technical scheme that the quenching temperature and the high-temperature tempering temperature in the steps A2 and B2 are both 1050 ℃ and 650 ℃.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, wherein the quenching allowance in the steps A3 and B3 is 1 mm.
According to the technical scheme, in the step C1, the shaft sleeve and the shaft head are in interference fit; argon arc welding is adopted for continuous welding, and the height of a welding leg is 2 mm; and cooling the welded product to 100-150 ℃ at room temperature, then preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and finally carrying out air cooling.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, wherein the frequency of high-frequency quenching in the step C4 is above 10kHz, the depth of a hardening layer is controlled to be 1.5-2mm, and the hardness is HRC 45-48; and C, further optimizing the technical scheme that the roughness of each outer circle, each inner conical surface and each outer conical surface in the step C8 is Ra0.4-0.8.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.
The processing method of the main roller of the multi-wire cutting machine has the advantages that through technical and process analysis, by reasonably arranging the processing sequence and designing a feasible process scheme, the common axis of each excircle and each inner hole of the main roller of the cutting machine is highly uniform with the reference axis of the relevant surface, meanwhile, the main roller has enough rigidity and strength and lighter weight to realize high-speed rotation movement, and further, the cut parts are guaranteed to meet the precision of each form and position required by a drawing through inspection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a main roll in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bushing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spindle head of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main roller, a left center clamping device and a right center clamping device in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a main roller, a clamping seat and a center frame in the present invention;
wherein: 1. the fixture comprises a chuck, 101, a front tip, 102, a fixed seat, 103, a positioning hole, 2, a shifting rod, 3, a heart clamp, 4, a tool adapter, 41, an inner hexagon screw, 5, a main roller, 51, a shaft sleeve, 52, a shaft head, 53, a center hole, 6, a tool plug, 7, a tailstock, 701, a rear tip, 702, B2.5 center holes, 8, a clamping jaw, 9, a ferrule, 10, a center frame, 11, a clamping seat, 12 and an auxiliary sleeve.
Detailed Description
A method for processing a main roller of a multi-wire cutting machine is shown in figures 1-5, a shaft sleeve 51 and a shaft head 52 are processed in a split mode, then the shaft sleeve and the shaft head are combined and welded into a whole main roller 5, and the method comprises the following specific processing steps:
processing the shaft sleeve 51: the stainless steel 3Cr13 bar stock blank is selected, and the material has high strength, wear resistance, cutting processing performance and excellent corrosion resistance. Rough turning of the outer circle of the shaft sleeve 51
Inner bore
And pre-hole of the conical surface, and reserving the tempering allowance of 3-4 mm. The roughly turned shaft sleeve 51 is subjected to thermal refining, quenched at 1050 ℃, immersed in oil for cooling, tempered at 650 ℃, and finally air-cooled to obtain a uniform and fine tempered sorbite structure, which is also prepared for the subsequent conical surface quenching as a preparatory heat treatment. And then, semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the shaft sleeve 51 and reserving quenching allowance of 1mm so as to improve the machining efficiency and hardenability of rough machining, drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the shaft sleeve 51, finally finish turning the tool adapter 4, fastening the tool adapter 4 with the shaft sleeve 51 by using an inner hexagonal screw 41, and drilling a positioning hole 103 of B2.5 in the center of the tool adapter 4 after fastening.
The machining shaft head 52: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft head 52 is roughly turned
Reserved inner hole
And the balance of tempering is 3-4 mm. And (3) quenching and tempering the roughly turned shaft head 52, quenching at 1050 ℃, immersing in oil for cooling, tempering at 650 ℃, and finally cooling by air. And then semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the shaft head 52, reserving quenching allowance of 1mm, and drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the shaft head 52 for fixing the position of the auxiliary sleeve 12. And finally, finely turning the central hole 53, turning a 1:1000 small-taper tool plug 6 in a matching mode, and drilling a B2.5 central hole 702 in the center of the tool plug 6.
Combining the main roller: preheating the spindle nose 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 to 200-260 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve 51 by using a left center clamping device, coaxially fixing the spindle nose 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 by using a right center clamping device, continuously welding by interference fit and argon arc welding, cooling the welded feet to 100-150 ℃ at room temperature after welding, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and finally carrying out air cooling. In order to reduce the hardness of the martensite structure of the welding seam and eliminate welding stress and deformation, the main roller is heated to 650 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.5 to 2 hours, and then the furnace is cooled to room temperature to finish stress relief annealing. Semi-finish turning the outer circle and the conical surface of each part, and reserving 1.5-2mm of allowance. And performing high-frequency quenching on the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface at the frequency of more than 10kHz, and controlling the depth of a hardening layer to be 1.5-2mm and the hardness to be HRC 45-48. The center holes 53 at both ends are ground, and the outer circles and the conical surfaces are finely turned with a margin of 0.5-0.7 mm. And (3) placing the main roller after finish turning into oil, heating to the temperature of 160-200 ℃ and preserving heat for 12-16h to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the precision of the part. And (3) grinding the positioning holes 103 at the two ends of the main roller and the center holes 702 of B2.5 to be circular by adopting a center hole grinding machine, controlling the coaxiality to be within 0.002mm, fixing the main roller 5 by adopting a left center clamping device and a right center clamping device, and then finely grinding the outer circles and the outer conical surfaces to ensure that the roughness is Ra0.4-0.8.
The principle that the left center clamping device and the right center clamping device fix the main roller 5 is as follows: the right-end inner hole of the main roller 5 is provided with a tooling plug 6 matched with a lathe, the left end of the main roller 5 is provided with a positioning hole 103 of B2.5 through a left tip clamping device arranged by an inner hexagon screw 41, and a positioning hole 103 is arranged on a right tip clamping device at the right end and used for ensuring that the axis of the central hole 53 is uniform with the axis of the A reference surface. The left center clamping device comprises a chuck 1, a front center 101 and a fixing seat 102 which are coaxially arranged are fixedly arranged at the center of the chuck 1, a shifting rod 2 fixedly arranged on the chuck 1 is arranged above the front center 101 of the chuck 1, and the other end of the shifting rod 2 is fixed on a heart-shaped clamp 3. The frock adapter 4 is being held to the heart clamp 3, and the position that frock adapter 4 corresponds 5 screws of home roll is equipped with the screw that the cooperation was used, fixes through socket head cap screw 41 between home roll 5 and the frock adapter 4. The right centre clamping device comprises a tailstock 7 and a rear centre 701 matched with the positioning hole 103 in the tool plug 6. And the rear center 701 of the right center clamping device is aligned with the tool plug 6 at the right end of the main roller 5, so that coaxial fixation can be completed. The positioning hole 103 of the B2.5 on the tool adapter 4 is located on the axis, the chuck 1, the front tip 101 and the fixing seat 102 are coaxially arranged, and the rear tip 701 and the tail seat 7 are coaxially arranged, so that the left tip clamping device, the right tip clamping device and the main roller 5 are kept coaxial.
The clamping seat 11 comprises a chuck 1, a clamping jaw 8 used for clamping the right end of the main roller 5 is fixedly arranged on the chuck 1, an auxiliary sleeve 12 is fixedly arranged in the clamping jaw 8, a bolt hole identical to the bolt hole in the main roller 5 is arranged in the auxiliary sleeve 12, an inner hexagon screw 41 penetrates through the bolt holes in the auxiliary sleeve 12 and the main roller 5, and the clamping seat 11Fixed together with the main roller 5, and extends the clamping surface of the excircle of the shaft head. The middle part of the main roller 5 is fixed by a center frame 10, and a ferrule 9 with the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the main roller 5 is arranged on the center frame 10. The clamping seat 11 assists the center frame 10 to support and align
The outer circle enables the radial circle of the clamping ring to jump within 0.002mm, the reference axis of the clamping ring 9 is coincided with the axis reference, the outer circle of the spindle head 52 is clamped, the influence of the outer conical surface is avoided when the inner conical surface is ground, and the grinding precision is guaranteed.
Quality inspection: the reference surface A is respectively aligned with the measuring head through three coordinates,
Measuring a plurality of cross sections such as the excircle, 7:24 inner conical surface and outer conical surface, and processing and evaluating the measured data by using measurement software; the hardness of the inner and outer conical surface is rechecked by a table hardness tester and a hand-held hardness tester; inspecting the conical surface contact surface by adopting an internal and external conical surface painting method; and if the detection report result of the measurement software shows that all indexes of the workpiece meet the requirements of the drawing, the hardness retest meets HRC45-50, and the conical surface contact surface is not less than 75% by the painting method, the workpiece is qualified, and the main roller 5 of the cutting machine is oiled and then stored in a warehouse.
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example 1:
processing the shaft sleeve 51: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft sleeve 51 is roughly turned
Inner bore
And pre-hole of the conical surface, and reserving the tempering allowance of 3 mm. The roughly turned shaft sleeve 51 is subjected to thermal refining, quenched at 1050 ℃, immersed in oil for cooling, tempered at 650 ℃, and finally air-cooled. Then semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the shaft sleeve 51 and reserving quenching allowance of 1mm,finally, a threaded hole for a bolt to pass through is drilled in the boss 51.
The machining shaft head 52: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft head 52 is roughly turned
Reserved inner hole
And the tempering allowance is kept for 3 mm. And (3) quenching and tempering the roughly turned shaft head 52, quenching at 1050 ℃, immersing in oil for cooling, tempering at 650 ℃, and finally cooling by air. And then semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the spindle nose 52, reserving quenching allowance of 1mm, drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the spindle nose 52, finally finish turning a central hole 53, turning a 1:1000 small-taper tool plug 6 in a matching manner, and drilling a B2.5 central hole 702 in the center of the tool plug 6.
Combining the main roller: preheating the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 to 260 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a left center clamping device, coaxially fixing the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a right center clamping device, continuously welding by adopting interference fit and argon arc welding, cooling the welded leg to 100 ℃ at room temperature after welding, preserving heat for 0.5h, and finally carrying out air cooling. Heating the main roller to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, cooling the furnace to room temperature, semi-finely turning the outer circle and the conical surface of each part, and reserving 1.5mm of allowance. High-frequency quenching is carried out on the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface at the frequency of more than 10kHz, the depth of a hardening layer is controlled to be 2mm, and the hardness is HRC 45. And (4) grinding the positioning holes 103 at the two ends and the center holes 702 of B2.5, and finely turning each excircle and conical surface to leave 0.5mm of allowance. And (3) putting the finely turned main roller into oil, heating to 160 ℃, and preserving heat for 12 hours. The center hole grinding machine is adopted to grind the positioning holes 103 at the two ends of the main roller and the center holes 702 of B2.5 to be circles and control the coaxiality to be within 0.002mm, then the left center clamping device and the right center clamping device are adopted to fix the main roller 5 and then accurately grind the outer circles and the outer conical surfaces at all positions, the clamping seat 11 and the center frame 10 are adopted to align the main roller 5 and accurately grind the inner conical surface, and the roughness is in Ra0.4.
Quality inspection: the reference surface A is respectively aligned with the measuring head through three coordinates,
Measuring a plurality of cross sections such as the excircle, the 7:24 inner conical surface and the outer conical surface, processing and evaluating the measured data by using measurement software, and displaying all indexes of the piece to meet the requirements of the graph by using a detection report result. The hardness of the inner and outer conical surfaces is tested again by a table hardness tester and a hand-held hardness tester to meet HRC 45-50. And (3) inspecting the contact surface of the conical surface to be not less than 75% by adopting an inner and outer conical surface painting method. Therefore, the main roller 5 of the multi-wire cutting machine processed in the embodiment is qualified, and the main roller 5 of the cutting machine is oiled and then stored in a warehouse.
Example 2:
processing the shaft sleeve 51: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft sleeve 51 is roughly turned
Inner bore
And pre-hole of the conical surface, and reserving the tempering allowance of 2 mm. The roughly turned shaft sleeve 51 is subjected to thermal refining, quenched at 1050 ℃, immersed in oil for cooling, tempered at 650 ℃, and finally air-cooled. Then, the outer circle, the inner hole and the conical surface of the shaft sleeve 51 are semi-finish turned, the quenching allowance is kept to be 0.5mm, and finally, a screw hole for a bolt to pass through is drilled in the shaft sleeve 51.
The machining shaft head 52: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft head 52 is roughly turned
Reserved inner hole
And the balance of tempering is kept to be 2 mm. And (3) quenching and tempering the roughly turned shaft head 52, quenching at 1050 ℃, immersing in oil for cooling, tempering at 650 ℃, and finally cooling by air. And then semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the spindle nose 52, reserving quenching allowance of 0.5mm, drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the spindle nose 52, finally finish turning a central hole 53, turning a 1:1000 small-taper tool plug 6 in a matching manner, and drilling a B2.5 central hole 702 in the center of the tool plug 6.
Combining the main roller: preheating the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 to 200 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a left center clamping device, coaxially fixing the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a right center clamping device, continuously welding by adopting interference fit and argon arc welding, cooling the welded leg to 150 ℃ at room temperature after welding, preserving heat for 1h, and finally carrying out air cooling. Heating the main roller to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.7h, cooling the furnace to room temperature, semi-finely turning the outer circle and the conical surface of each part, and reserving 1.7mm of allowance. High-frequency quenching is carried out on the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface at the frequency of more than 10kHz, the depth of a hardening layer is controlled to be 1.5mm, and the hardness is HRC 48. And (4) grinding the positioning holes 103 at the two ends and the center holes 702 of B2.5, and finely turning each excircle and conical surface to leave 0.5mm of allowance. And (3) putting the finely turned main roller into oil, heating to 170 ℃, and preserving heat for 14 hours. The center hole grinding machine is adopted to grind the positioning holes 103 at the two ends of the main roller and the center holes 702 of B2.5 to be circles and control the coaxiality to be within 0.002mm, then the left center clamping device and the right center clamping device are adopted to fix the main roller 5 and then accurately grind the outer circles and the outer conical surfaces at all positions, the clamping seat 11 and the center frame 10 are adopted to align the main roller 5 and accurately grind the inner conical surface, and the roughness is in Ra0.8.
Quality inspection: the reference surface A is respectively aligned with the measuring head through three coordinates,
Measuring a plurality of cross sections such as the excircle, the 7:24 inner conical surface and the outer conical surface, processing and evaluating the measured data by using measurement software, and displaying all indexes of the piece to meet the requirements of the graph by using a detection report result. The hardness of the inner and outer conical surfaces is tested again by a table hardness tester and a hand-held hardness tester to meet HRC 45-50. And (3) inspecting the contact surface of the conical surface to be not less than 75% by adopting an inner and outer conical surface painting method. Therefore, the main roller 5 of the multi-wire cutting machine processed in the embodiment is qualified, and the main roller 5 of the cutting machine is oiled and then stored in a warehouse.
Example 3:
processing the shaft sleeve 51: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft sleeve 51 is roughly turned
Inner bore
And pre-hole of the conical surface, and the allowance of tempering is 1.8 mm. The roughly turned shaft sleeve 51 is subjected to thermal refining, quenched at 1050 ℃, immersed in oil for cooling, tempered at 650 ℃, and finally air-cooled. Then, the outer circle, the inner hole and the conical surface of the shaft sleeve 51 are semi-finish turned, the quenching allowance is kept to be 0.5mm, and finally, a screw hole for a bolt to pass through is drilled in the shaft sleeve 51.
The machining shaft head 52: rough turning is carried out on a bar blank made of stainless steel 3Cr13, and the excircle of the shaft head 52 is roughly turned
Reserved inner hole
And the balance of tempering is 1.7 mm. And (3) quenching and tempering the roughly turned shaft head 52, quenching at 1050 ℃, immersing in oil for cooling, tempering at 650 ℃, and finally cooling by air. And then semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface of the spindle nose 52, reserving quenching allowance of 0.5mm, drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through on the spindle nose 52, finally finish turning a central hole 53, turning a 1:1000 small-taper tool plug 6 in a matching manner, and drilling a B2.5 central hole 702 in the center of the tool plug 6.
Combining the main roller: preheating the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 to 230 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a left center clamping device, coaxially fixing the shaft head 52 and the shaft sleeve 51 by adopting a right center clamping device, continuously welding by adopting interference fit and argon arc welding, cooling the welded leg to 120 ℃ at room temperature after welding, preserving heat for 0.8h, and finally carrying out air cooling. Heating the main roller to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, cooling the furnace to room temperature, semi-finish turning the outer circle and the conical surface of each part, and reserving 2mm of allowance. High-frequency quenching is carried out on the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface at the frequency of more than 10kHz, the depth of a hardening layer is controlled to be 1.8mm, and the hardness is HRC 47. And (4) grinding the positioning holes 103 at the two ends and the center holes 702 of the B2.5, and finely turning each excircle and conical surface to leave 0.7mm of allowance. And (3) putting the finely turned main roller into oil, heating to 200 ℃, and preserving heat for 16 hours. The center hole grinding machine is adopted to grind the positioning holes 103 at the two ends of the main roller and the center holes 702 of B2.5 to be circles and control the coaxiality to be within 0.002mm, then the left center clamping device and the right center clamping device are adopted to fix the main roller 5 and then accurately grind the outer circles and the outer conical surfaces at all positions, the clamping seat 11 and the center frame 10 are adopted to align the main roller 5 and accurately grind the inner conical surface, and the roughness is Ra0.6.
Quality inspection: the reference surface A is respectively aligned with the measuring head through three coordinates,
Measuring a plurality of cross sections such as the excircle, the 7:24 inner conical surface and the outer conical surface, processing and evaluating the measured data by using measurement software, and displaying all indexes of the piece to meet the requirements of the graph by using a detection report result. The hardness of the inner and outer conical surfaces is tested again by a table hardness tester and a hand-held hardness tester to meet HRC 45-50. And (3) inspecting the contact surface of the conical surface to be not less than 75% by adopting an inner and outer conical surface painting method. Therefore, the main roller 5 of the multi-wire cutting machine processed by the embodiment is qualified, and is stored in a warehouse after being oiled.
Claims (6)
1. The method for machining the main roller of the multi-wire cutting machine is characterized in that a shaft sleeve (51) and a shaft head (52) are machined in a split mode, and then the shaft sleeve and the shaft head are combined and welded into a whole main roller (5), and the method comprises the following specific machining steps:
A. processing axle sleeve (51)
A1. Rough turning shaft sleeve (51): after a bar blank is fed, roughly turning an outer circle, an inner hole and a conical surface pre-hole, and reserving hardening and tempering allowance of 3-4 mm;
A2. hardening and tempering of the shaft sleeve (51): carrying out quenching, oil cooling, high-temperature tempering and air cooling on the roughly turned shaft sleeve (51);
A3. semi-finish turning shaft sleeve (51): semi-finish turning each excircle, inner hole and conical surface and reserving quenching allowance;
A4. drilling and tapping a screw hole of a shaft sleeve (51): a screw hole for a bolt to pass through is drilled in the shaft sleeve (51);
A5. finish turning the tool adapter (4), fastening the tool adapter (4) with the shaft sleeve (51) by using an inner hexagon screw (41), and drilling a positioning hole (103) of B2.5 in the center of the tool adapter (4) after fastening;
B. processing spindle nose (52)
B1. Rough turning shaft head (52): after a bar blank is fed, roughly turning an outer circle, reserving an inner hole, and reserving hardening and tempering allowance of 3-4 mm;
B2. hardening and tempering the shaft head (52): carrying out quenching, oil cooling, high-temperature tempering and air cooling on the roughly turned shaft head (52);
B3. semi-finish turning shaft head (52): semi-finish turning each excircle, reserving inner holes and conical surfaces and reserving quenching allowance;
B4. drilling and tapping a screw hole of a shaft head (52): drilling a screw hole for a bolt to pass through and used for fixing the position of the auxiliary sleeve (12) on the shaft head (52);
B5. finely turning a center hole (53), turning a 1:1000 small-taper tooling plug (6) in a matching manner, and drilling a B2.5 center hole (702) in the center of the tooling plug (6);
C. combined main roller (5)
C1. Preheating a shaft head (52) and a shaft sleeve (51) to 200-260 ℃, fixing the shaft sleeve (51) by adopting a left center clamping device, coaxially fixing the shaft head (52) and the shaft sleeve (51) by adopting a right center clamping device, combining the shaft head (52) and the shaft sleeve (51) and keeping the same reference axis, and then welding;
C2. stress relief annealing: heating the main roller (5) to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-2h, and cooling in the air;
C3. semi-finish turning each outer circle and conical surface to leave 1.5-2mm of allowance;
C4. high-frequency quenching the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface;
C5. grinding center holes (53) at two ends, and finely turning each excircle and conical surface to leave a margin of 0.5-0.7 mm;
C6. and (3) qualitative treatment: the main roller (5) is put into oil and heated to the temperature of 160-200 ℃ and is kept warm for 12-16 h;
C7. accurately grinding the positioning holes (103) at the two ends and the central holes (702) of B2.5;
C8. finely grinding each excircle and inner and outer conical surfaces;
C9. and (5) after quality inspection is qualified, oiling and warehousing.
2. The method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: the excircle of the shaft sleeve (51)
Inner bore
The excircle of the shaft head (52)
Reserved inner hole
3. The method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: in the steps A2 and B2, the quenching temperature is 1050 ℃ and the high-temperature tempering temperature is 650 ℃.
4. The method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: the quenching allowance in the steps A3 and B3 is 1 mm.
5. The method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: in the step C1, the shaft sleeve (51) and the shaft head (52) are in interference fit; argon arc welding is adopted for continuous welding, and the height of a welding leg is 2 mm; and cooling the welded product to 100-150 ℃ at room temperature, then preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and finally carrying out air cooling.
6. The method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: the frequency of high-frequency quenching in the step C4 is above 10kHz, the depth of a hardening layer is controlled to be 1.5-2mm, and the hardness is HRC 45-48; the method of processing a main roll of a multi-wire saw according to claim 1, wherein: and C8, the roughness of each excircle and inner and outer conical surfaces is Ra0.4-0.8 by fine grinding.
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