CN112264444A - Domestic waste mummification screening equipment - Google Patents

Domestic waste mummification screening equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112264444A
CN112264444A CN202011291172.0A CN202011291172A CN112264444A CN 112264444 A CN112264444 A CN 112264444A CN 202011291172 A CN202011291172 A CN 202011291172A CN 112264444 A CN112264444 A CN 112264444A
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China
Prior art keywords
garbage
rotary screen
discharge hole
screen
percolate
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CN202011291172.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张柏松
赵信毅
刘湛
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Hubei Weisong Technology Co ltd
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Hubei Weisong Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011291172.0A priority Critical patent/CN112264444A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A domestic waste mummification screening installation includes: the outer surface of the main shell is provided with a layer of heat-insulating layer; the rotary screen is positioned in the reaction chamber, the feed hopper is communicated with the first end of the rotary screen and positioned outside the reaction chamber, the second end of the rotary screen is provided with a closed door, the main shell comprises a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole, the first discharge hole is used for receiving undersize materials and discharging the undersize materials, the undersize materials are discharged from the second discharge hole when the closed door is opened, and percolate discharged through the first discharge hole can be conveyed into the rotary screen through a pipeline. Compared with the prior art, the household garbage drying and screening equipment provided by the invention can carry out biological drying treatment on household garbage on site, avoids pollution of kitchen garbage to recoverable garbage during garbage transportation, realizes screening of the recoverable garbage, soil, kitchen garbage organic fertilizer particles and the like, and does not need to separately treat garbage leachate in the treatment process.

Description

Domestic waste mummification screening equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a household garbage drying and screening device.
Background
With the continuous deepening of the urbanization process, the production amount of the household garbage reaches astronomical numbers. The components of the household garbage are complex, and the generated stink and leachate cause great harm to soil, atmosphere and water sources. At present, the domestic garbage treatment mainly depends on landfill and incineration. Landfill not only occupies a large amount of land, but also leachate treatment and later soil remediation, as well as damage to the surrounding environment, bring about a series of environmental problems. Incineration is a treatment method advocated by the nation at present, but because the classification of domestic garbage is not thorough and the water content is very high, a large amount of heat energy is consumed in the combustion process, and simultaneously, the generation of dioxin causes more harm to the atmosphere.
As the household garbage inevitably has part of kitchen garbage mixed into dry garbage, the garbage is putrefactive due to the existence of moisture and organic matters in the stacking and transferring processes to generate stink and the sewage flows transversely. And the sewage can contaminate the dry waste resulting in all waste being smelly. The continuous decay of organic matters can generate more permeable organic matters such as mercaptan and the like, so that garbage transfer stations and treatment plants are all full of pungent and difficult-to-clean garbage smell. All the sources of the organic matters are that organic matters in the garbage are not timely and effectively controlled, stored and digested.
In recent years, comprehensive treatment methods for domestic garbage are proposed and practiced, and the items are that mixed garbage transported from a municipal area by a compression garbage truck is classified and sorted by large-scale sorting pretreatment equipment near a garbage landfill, and part of plastics and metals are sorted out. But the garbage is extruded and crushed during the transportation process and is mutually contaminated. The sorted plastics have very low value for recycling. The cost and the income of the method are greatly different, and the method is mainly maintained by mass subsidies of the government and is difficult to popularize and popularize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a household garbage drying and screening device.
A domestic waste mummification screening installation, it includes: the drying reaction cabin comprises a main shell and a drum screen positioned in the main shell, and an insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the main shell; the filter screen is characterized in that the feed hopper is communicated with a first end of the rotary screen and extends out of the main shell, a closed door is arranged at a second end of the rotary screen, the main shell comprises a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole, the first discharge hole is used for receiving undersize materials and discharging the undersize materials, the undersize materials are discharged from the second discharge hole when the closed door is opened, and percolate discharged from the first discharge hole can be conveyed into the rotary screen through a pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment, the domestic garbage drying and screening device further comprises an inclination adjusting mechanism, the drum screen is erected on the inclination adjusting mechanism, and the inclination adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the inclination of the drum screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the first discharge port is provided with a connecting pipe, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is provided with a first conveying mechanism for conveying the undersize discharged from the first discharge port to a specified position.
In a preferred embodiment, the second discharge port is provided with a second conveying mechanism for conveying oversize discharged from the second discharge port to a designated position.
In a preferred embodiment, a screen is arranged at a position of the first conveying mechanism corresponding to the connecting pipeline, a percolate storage tank is arranged below the screen, the percolate storage tank is connected with a percolate conveying pipeline, a percolate back-spraying pump is arranged between the percolate storage tank and the percolate conveying pipeline, the percolate conveying pipeline extends to be positioned in the rotary screen, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals at the part of the percolate conveying pipeline positioned in the rotary screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the household garbage drying and screening device further comprises an air inlet pipe, a blower connected with the air inlet pipe, a heat exchanger positioned at the output end of the blower, and a gas conveying pipeline, wherein the gas conveying pipeline extends into the main shell.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spaced tail gas outlets are arranged at the top of the main shell, the tail gas outlets are connected to a first exhaust pipe, the other end of the first exhaust pipe is connected with a heat exchanger, and a second exhaust pipe communicated with the first exhaust pipe and a purifying device located at the output end of the exhaust pipe are further arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchanger.
In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying mechanism is a screw conveyor.
In a preferred embodiment, the second conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt.
In a preferred embodiment, the inclination adjustment mechanism is a leg lifting mechanism provided on the ground.
Compared with the prior art, the household garbage drying and screening equipment provided by the invention can be used for household garbage treatment in communities or communities, namely the household garbage is subjected to biological drying treatment on site, so that the phenomenon that the recyclable garbage in the household garbage is polluted by kitchen garbage when the garbage is transported for multiple times or for a long distance is avoided, the water on the surface of the garbage can be treated by the biological drying treatment step, the grease in the household garbage can be decomposed by a microbial agent, the dryness of the surface of the garbage is kept, and the pollution of the recyclable garbage in the household garbage by the kitchen garbage is avoided; the garbage which needs to be treated in time most is ensured to be treated quickly with the lowest transportation cost; the household garbage drying and screening equipment also realizes the purification of recoverable garbage, realizes the screening of the recoverable garbage such as plastics, cloth, paper, small-particle garbage, soil, kitchen waste organic fertilizer particles and the like, does not need to separately treat garbage leachate in the treatment process, can recover waste heat, and realizes low energy consumption and high efficiency in the treatment process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic garbage drying and screening device provided by the invention.
Description of the main elements
Figure BDA0002783901750000031
Figure BDA0002783901750000041
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a household garbage drying and screening apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes: a feed hopper 1 and a drying reaction cabin 2. The drying reaction chamber 2 comprises a main housing 20 and a trommel 22 positioned in the main housing 20. The trommel 22 is used for accommodating and biologically drying the domestic garbage to be treated.
The biological drying means: the microorganism takes perishable organic matters in the domestic garbage as nutrients to carry out biological reaction, the perishable organic matters attached and carried on the non-corrosive materials are removed, the materials are heated under the action of the reaction heat of the microorganism, the moisture is evaporated, the moisture-containing air is discharged in time, and the materials are dried.
The biological drying has the following obvious advantages:
1. the applicability is wide, the requirement of biological drying on the purity of the garbage is not high, and even mixed garbage can be treated by using a biological drying technology;
2. the biological drying technology has strong economy, the heat energy source is low-energy-consumption biomass heat, the reduction of the garbage transportation cost is realized by reducing the garbage amount mainly based on water, and the leachate dripping phenomenon in the transportation process is reduced;
3. and the garbage classification and reduction complex is butted, and the urban domestic garbage treatment capacity is improved through source reduction.
In this embodiment, the trommel 22 is intermittently rotatable about an axis. For example, the rotation may be performed for half an hour every other period. The rotation is to make the domestic garbage fully contact with the mixed strains of the microbial agent and the deodorant.
In this embodiment, in order to increase the drying speed, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the drying reaction chamber 2 is suitable for the propagation and growth of strains, and an insulating layer (not shown) may be disposed on the outer surface of the main housing 20. The heat-insulating layer is a polyurethane foam heat-insulating layer.
The feed hopper 1 is in communication with a first end of a trommel 22 and extends outside the main housing 20.
The second end of the drum screen 22 is provided with a closed door 220, the main housing 20 includes a first discharge port 201 and a second discharge port 203, the first discharge port 201 is used for receiving undersize materials and discharging the undersize materials, the oversize materials are discharged from the second discharge port 203 when the closed door 220 is opened, and percolate discharged through the first discharge port 201 can be conveyed into the drum screen 22 through a pipeline.
In this embodiment, the trommel 22 is intermittently rotatable about an axis. For example, the rotation may be performed for half an hour every other period. The rotation is to make the domestic garbage fully contact with the mixed strains of the microbial agent and the deodorant. In this embodiment, the trommel 22 is driven by a motor 24.
In the present embodiment, the first discharging hole 201 is provided with a connecting pipe 3, and a lower end of the connecting pipe 3 is provided with a first conveying mechanism 4 for conveying the undersize discharged from the first discharging hole 201 to a designated position. In the present embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 4 is a screw conveyor.
In the present embodiment, the second discharge port 203 is provided with a second conveying mechanism 5 for conveying oversize products discharged from the second discharge port 203 to a specified position. In the present embodiment, the second conveying mechanism 5 is a conveyor belt.
In this embodiment, the household garbage drying and screening device 100 further comprises an inclination adjusting mechanism 6, the drum screen 22 is erected on the inclination adjusting mechanism 6, and the inclination adjusting mechanism 6 is used for adjusting the inclination of the drum screen 22. In the present embodiment, the inclination adjusting mechanism 6 is a hydraulic lifting mechanism provided on the ground, that is, one end of the hydraulic lifting mechanism can be raised to adjust the inclination angle.
In this embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 4 and the position that the connecting pipeline 3 corresponds are provided with the screen cloth 7, the below of screen cloth 7 is provided with the filtration liquid holding vessel 8, the filtration liquid holding vessel 8 is connected with filtration liquid conveying pipeline 9, be provided with filtration liquid back-spraying pump 11 between filtration liquid holding vessel 8 and the filtration liquid conveying pipeline 9, filtration liquid conveying pipeline 9 prolongs to being located the trommel screen 22, and the filtration liquid conveying pipeline 9 is located the part interval of trommel screen 22 and is provided with a plurality of nozzles 12.
In this embodiment, the household garbage drying and screening apparatus 100 further includes an air interchanger 14, and the air interchanger 14 includes: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet pipe 140, a blower 141 connected with the air inlet pipe 140, a heat exchanger 142 at the output end of the blower 141, and a gas conveying pipeline 143, wherein the gas conveying pipeline 143 extends into the main shell 20.
In this embodiment, domestic waste mummification screening plant 100 still includes exhaust structure 15, exhaust structure 15 including set up in a plurality of spaced tail gas export 150, first exhaust pipe 151, second exhaust pipe 152 and clarification plant 153 at main casing body 20 top, tail gas export 150 all connects in first exhaust pipe 151, the other end and the heat exchanger 142 of first exhaust pipe 151 are connected, second exhaust pipe 152 sets up in the bottom of heat exchanger 142, gas in the mummification reaction bin is discharged after tail gas export 150 process, first exhaust pipe 151, heat exchanger 142, second exhaust pipe 152 and clarification plant 153 purify.
In other embodiments, the blower 141 can be replaced by a heating blower or an air-powered heat pump to rapidly heat the domestic waste during the initial period of treatment to facilitate the growth and propagation of high-temperature aerobic microorganisms, and to accelerate the drying speed during the treatment.
In other embodiments, liquid spawn may be used and added from the percolate storage tank 8 and sprayed back into the reaction chamber with the percolate.
When the household garbage drying and screening device 100 is used: closing the closing door 220, adjusting the inclination adjusting mechanism 6 to enable the rotary screen 22 to incline towards the end of the second discharge hole 203, putting the household garbage into the rotary screen 22 from the feed hole, putting a certain amount of mixed strains formed by a microbial agent and a deodorant into the feed hole, gradually conveying the garbage to the tail part in the feeding process due to the inclination of the rotary screen 22 towards the outlet side, and adjusting the hydraulic lifting mechanism to enable the rotary screen 22 to restore the horizontal state after the feeding is finished.
Starting a motor of the drum sieve 22, driving the drum sieve 22 to rotate by a motor 24, biochemically degrading kitchen garbage in the household garbage into water and carbon dioxide under the action of aerobic microorganisms in the drum sieve 22, releasing a large amount of heat, evaporating water in the garbage by heating, degrading the kitchen garbage into granular humus organic fertilizer, scattering the wound household garbage by the rotation of the drum sieve 22 so as to be beneficial to drying and screening, dropping small granular garbage such as soil, organic fertilizer, stones and the like with the grain size smaller than the sieve pores of the drum sieve 22 from the sieve pores, entering a first discharge port 201, dropping into a first conveying mechanism 4 through a connecting pipeline 3, and outputting to the downstream; the landfill leachate at the initial stage of treatment seeps out from the screen 7 at the position corresponding to the connecting pipeline 3 of the first conveying mechanism 4, enters a leachate storage tank 8, and is sprayed back into the drum screen 22 by a leachate back-spraying pump 11, a leachate conveying pipeline 9 and a nozzle 12 for drying treatment.
In the treatment process, the blower 141 is turned on to allow fresh air to enter from the air inlet pipe 140, the fresh air is heated by the heat exchanger 142 and then enters the main shell 20 from the air inlet pipe, sufficient oxygen is provided for the degradation of aerobic microorganisms in the drying reaction chamber 2, high-temperature water vapor can be taken away, the high-temperature water vapor flows out from the tail gas outlet 150 and enters the heat exchanger 142 from the first exhaust pipe 151, the high-temperature tail gas and the fresh air exchange heat in the heat exchanger 142, the fresh air can be heated, the heated fresh air can accelerate the aerobic degradation reaction and the moisture evaporation, and the tail gas is cooled by the heat exchanger 142 and then is purified by the second exhaust pipe 152 and the purifying device 153 and then is discharged. After the garbage is subjected to high-temperature aerobic biochemical drying treatment in the drum sieve 22, the water content is greatly reduced, the kitchen garbage is degraded and digested to become humus organic fertilizer particles, the humus organic fertilizer particles and small-particle-size garbage fall from sieve pores, the residual large-particle-size garbage such as plastics, paper, cloth, ring-pull cans and the like are dried, the recyclable garbage is cleaned, and the heat value of the non-recyclable garbage is greatly increased. After the treatment is completed, the closing door 220 is opened, the hydraulic lifting mechanism is adjusted to enable the drum screen 22 to incline towards the outlet side, and the garbage with large particle size is gradually output to the tail part, falls into the second discharge port 203 and is output from the second conveying mechanism 5.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the household garbage drying and screening equipment 100 provided by the invention can be used for household garbage treatment in communities or communities, namely, the household garbage is subjected to biological drying treatment on site, so that the pollution of kitchen garbage to recoverable garbage in the household garbage is avoided when the garbage is transported for multiple times or in a long distance, the water on the surface of the garbage can be treated in the biological drying treatment step, the grease in the household garbage can be decomposed through a microbial agent, the dryness of the surface of the garbage is kept, and the pollution of the kitchen garbage to the recoverable garbage in the household garbage is avoided; the garbage which needs to be treated in time most is ensured to be treated quickly with the lowest transportation cost; the household garbage drying and screening device 100 can purify the recyclable garbage, screen the recyclable garbage such as plastics, cloth, paper, small-particle garbage, soil, kitchen waste organic fertilizer particles and the like, does not need to separately process garbage leachate in the treatment process, can recycle the waste heat generated by biochemical reaction by using a heat exchanger, and achieves low energy consumption and high efficiency in the treatment process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A domestic waste mummification screening installation, it includes: the drying reaction cabin comprises a main shell and a drum screen positioned in the main shell, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the main shell; the filter screen comprises a main shell, a feed hopper, a rotary screen and a rotary screen, wherein the feed hopper is communicated with the first end of the rotary screen and extends out of the main shell, the second end of the rotary screen is provided with a closed door, the main shell comprises a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole, the first discharge hole is used for receiving undersize materials and discharging the undersize materials, the undersize materials are discharged from the second discharge hole when the closed door is opened, and percolate discharged from the first discharge hole can be conveyed into the rotary screen.
2. The household garbage drying and screening device according to claim 1, further comprising an inclination adjusting mechanism, wherein the drum screen is erected on the inclination adjusting mechanism, and the inclination adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the inclination of the drum screen.
3. The domestic garbage drying and screening device according to claim 1, wherein the first discharge port is provided with a connecting pipe, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is provided with a first conveying mechanism for conveying the undersize material discharged from the first discharge port to a designated position.
4. The domestic garbage drying and screening device according to claim 3, wherein the second outlet is provided with a second conveying mechanism for conveying oversize products discharged from the second outlet to a designated position.
5. The household garbage drying and screening device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a screen is arranged at a position of the first conveying mechanism corresponding to the connecting pipeline, a percolate storage tank is arranged below the screen and connected with a percolate conveying pipeline, a percolate back-spraying pump is arranged between the percolate storage tank and the percolate conveying pipeline, the percolate conveying pipeline extends to be located in the rotary screen, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the rotary screen at a part of the percolate conveying pipeline located in the rotary screen.
6. The domestic garbage drying and screening device according to claim 5, further comprising an air exchange device, wherein the air exchange device comprises: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet pipe, an air blower connected with the air inlet pipe, a heat exchanger located at the output end of the air blower and a gas conveying pipeline, wherein the gas conveying pipeline extends into the main shell.
7. The domestic waste mummification screening equipment of claim 6, characterized in that, domestic waste mummification screening equipment still includes the exhaust structure, the exhaust structure including set up in a plurality of spaced tail gas export, first blast pipe, second blast pipe and the clarification plant at main casing body top, the tail gas export all is connected in first blast pipe, the other end and the heat exchanger of first blast pipe are connected, the second blast pipe sets up in the bottom of heat exchanger, gas in the mummification reaction bin is discharged after tail gas export process, first blast pipe, heat exchanger, second blast pipe and clarification plant purify.
8. The domestic garbage drying and screening device according to claim 3, wherein the first conveying mechanism is a screw conveyor.
9. The domestic garbage drying and screening device according to claim 4, wherein said second conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt.
10. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the inclination adjusting mechanism is a support leg lifting mechanism disposed on the ground.
CN202011291172.0A 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Domestic waste mummification screening equipment Pending CN112264444A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114538975A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-05-27 湖州瑞美生态科技有限公司 Air circulation system of small-size distributed perishable garbage on-site treatment equipment

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CN114538975A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-05-27 湖州瑞美生态科技有限公司 Air circulation system of small-size distributed perishable garbage on-site treatment equipment

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Application publication date: 20210126