CN112260975A - Orthogonal reflection index modulation method of intelligent reflection surface auxiliary wireless communication system - Google Patents

Orthogonal reflection index modulation method of intelligent reflection surface auxiliary wireless communication system Download PDF

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CN112260975A
CN112260975A CN202010991607.6A CN202010991607A CN112260975A CN 112260975 A CN112260975 A CN 112260975A CN 202010991607 A CN202010991607 A CN 202010991607A CN 112260975 A CN112260975 A CN 112260975A
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CN112260975B (en
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温淼文
齐晓敏
林少娥
袁婧
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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Abstract

The invention discloses an orthogonal reflection index modulation method of an intelligent reflection surface auxiliary wireless communication system, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out orthogonal reflection modulation on information by element unit grouping of the intelligent reflection surface; s2, establishing index modulation using the sequence number of the receiving antenna as index resource; s3, determining the optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements of the intelligent reflection surface; s4, selecting an orthogonal scheme of the two paths of signals modulated by the orthogonal reflection index; and S5, demodulating the transmitted information at the receiving end. The operation of grouping the elements of the intelligent reflection surface element can additionally transmit certain bit of information; an orthogonal scheme of index modulation with the sequence number of the receiving antenna as an index resource and selection of two modulated signals is established, so that the error rate of the system can be reduced under the condition of lower signal-to-noise ratio, and the spectrum efficiency of the communication system is improved.

Description

Orthogonal reflection index modulation method of intelligent reflection surface auxiliary wireless communication system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an orthogonal reflection index modulation method of an intelligent reflection surface auxiliary wireless communication system.
Background
Since 2020, the first generation commercial fifth generation (5G) wireless networks have been deployed in some countries, partially or wholly, while 5G-compatible related devices are also gradually moving into the market, and although the original 5G standard, completed in 2018, brings more flexibility to the physical layer by utilizing millimeter wave and multi-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing digital technologies, researchers have begun exploring the potential for the 5G successor versions of the alternative technologies.
Information transmission via intelligent reflective surfaces is a promising alternative for future wireless communication systems. The reflection or scattering characteristic of control incident wave that intelligence reflective surface can be intelligent to become the uncontrollable wireless propagation environment in the traditional meaning into the controllable component of communication in-process, and then improve the signal quality of receiver. And the intelligent reflection surface has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, small interference, convenient deployment and the like. Under the intelligent communication environment, the intelligent reflection surface can sense the information of the wireless transmission environment through the self sensing device and perform information interaction with the base station through the control link. In this context, transmitting as much information as possible using the limited number of elements of the intelligent reflective surface becomes a method for improving communication efficiency in a wireless communication system. The modulation schemes that have been disclosed so far in combination with smart reflective surfaces are: the single element of the intelligent reflecting surface is controlled to have two states of switching so as to modulate and transmit information. Although this method can additionally transmit a certain bit of information, the energy loss is inevitably caused when the single element unit of the intelligent reflecting surface is in an off state from the viewpoint of energy consumption.
Index modulation is a scheme for transmitting information by selecting different index resources, and the application of the index modulation technology to an intelligent reflective surface-assisted communication system can significantly improve the spectral efficiency and energy efficiency of the communication system. The existing schemes combining index modulation include smart reflective surface spatial phase shift keying, i.e. the index information of the receiving antenna controls the smart reflective surface element unit to activate different receiving antennas so as to optimize the receiving performance of a specific antenna. The existing schemes combining index modulation also include an intelligent reflective surface spatial modulation scheme, that is, a common multilevel modulation mode is also considered in the modulation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide an orthogonal reflection index modulation method for an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system.
The purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
an orthogonal reflection index modulation method for an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system comprising at least one base station, at least one intelligent reflective surface employing example grouping, and NrThe receiving antenna, the intelligent reflection surface has N element units, the N element units are divided into L groups, the orthogonal reflection index modulation method includes the following steps:
s1, dividing L groups of elements of the intelligent reflection surface into two groups, which are respectively recorded as L1 and L2, respectively modulating the phase shift of each group of elements in L1 to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements, respectively modulating the phase shift of each group of elements in L2 to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements plus pi/2, and respectively recording signals modulated by L1 and L2 as I-path and Q-path signals;
s2, determining specific receiving antennas of each group of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface according to the serial number indexes of the receiving antennas;
s3, determining the optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements of the intelligent reflection surface according to the optimization target of the wireless communication system;
the modulated I path and Q path signals in S4, L1 and L2 select different orthogonal modes, namely the I path leads to the Q path pi/2 or the Q path leads to the I path pi/2;
and S5, demodulating the modulation signal at the receiving end according to the maximum instantaneous energy.
Further, assuming that the L1 includes P number of group elements, the L2 includes L-P number of group elements, and the total number of grouping schemes of the L group elements of the intelligent reflection surface is calculated by a total probability formula as
Figure BDA0002688903610000031
I.e. at most log2The information of S bit is intelligently invertedThe elemental units of the ejection surface are additionally transferred in groups.
Further, let the optimal reflected phase shift be θl,rOn the premise of determining the grouping scheme, the reflection phase shift of the L, L- th 1,2.. L group of smart reflective surface elements is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000032
furthermore, the number B of the serial index bits of the receiving antenna is expressed by an expression
Figure BDA0002688903610000033
And (c) calculating, wherein,
Figure BDA0002688903610000034
indicating a rounding up operation.
Further, in step S3, the optimal reflection phase shift is calculated with the goal of maximizing the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of the specific receiving antenna, and the calculation process is as follows:
the signal received by the r-th receiving antenna is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000035
wherein philL-1, 2.. L reflection phase shifts of the group of smart reflective surface elements, ESIs the energy of the unmodulated carrier wave,
Figure BDA0002688903610000036
Hl,rfor the channel between the l-th group of smart reflective surface elements and the r-th receiving antenna, betal,r、
Figure BDA0002688903610000037
Respectively representing the channel amplitude change coefficient and the phase change coefficient between the l group of intelligent reflecting surface elements and the r receiving antenna, recording the amplitude coefficient of each group of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface as 1, and specifically receivingThe antenna r is determined by the B-bit index bits,
Figure BDA0002688903610000038
is additive white Gaussian noise, and obeys a mean value of 0 and a variance of N0The normal distribution of (c),
the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio received by the r-th receive antenna is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000041
according to the expression of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio received by the r-th receiving antenna, when the maximum instantaneous receiving signal-to-noise ratio obtained by a specific receiving antenna is taken as a target, the optimal reflection phase shift should be selected as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000042
further, the step S4 is as follows:
when L ∈ L1, the received signal of the r-th receiving antenna is recorded as yrrThen y isrrThe expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000043
when L ∈ L2, the received signal of the r-th receiving antenna is recorded as yriThen y isriThe expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000044
when the I-way leads the Q-way pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝-yrr+jyrior yr＝yrr-jyri
When the Q way leads the I way pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝yrr+jyrior yr＝-yrr-jyri。
Further, in step S5, the modulation signal is demodulated at the receiving end according to the maximum instantaneous energy, where the expression is:
Figure BDA0002688903610000045
the calculation process is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000046
for the Q path:
Figure BDA0002688903610000047
according to the orthogonal reflection index modulation scheme, judging the orthogonal mode of the path I and the path Q to demodulate signals, wherein the demodulated signals are as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000048
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1) in the wireless communication system assisted by the intelligent reflection surface, certain information can be additionally transmitted by grouping the element units of the intelligent reflection surface and carrying out orthogonal reflection modulation, and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the wireless communication system can be improved by activating different receiving antennas by using the element units of the intelligent reflection surface.
2) The invention can additionally transmit certain bit of information by grouping the element units of the intelligent reflecting surface and adopting different grouping schemes.
3) According to the invention, the element units of the intelligent reflection surface are grouped and different receiving antennas are activated, so that the information transmission efficiency of the wireless communication system is improved under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a model diagram of a downlink intelligent reflective surface assisted single-input multiple-output wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a simulation graph comparing bit error rate performance of an intelligent reflective surface orthogonal reflection index modulation and spatial phase shift keying modulation scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for quadrature reflection index modulation in an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a downlink intelligent reflective surface assisted single-input multiple-output wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the application scenario of the present invention includes a base station, an intelligent reflective surface using example grouping, and a plurality of receiving antennas, and for the sake of brief explanation of the inventive principle, it is assumed that a communication link between the base station and a destination is blocked, and the base station and the destination perform information transmission through the intelligent reflective surface.
In this embodiment, the intelligent reflection surface is disposed near the base station and approximately regarded as a part of the base station, and the intelligent reflection surface can sense channel information through its own sensor and perform information interaction and phase control with the base station through a control link. The intelligent reflecting surface is provided with N element units, the N element units of the intelligent reflecting surface are divided into L groups, each group comprises N/L element units, and the number of the element units contained in each group can be selected from the schemes known in the current research. The destination has NrA receiving antenna disposed in far field of the intelligent reflection surfaceThe channel between the ith set of smart reflective surface elements and the ith receive antenna is denoted as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000061
βl,r、
Figure BDA0002688903610000062
respectively representing the channel amplitude change coefficient and the phase change coefficient between the ith group of intelligent reflecting surface elements and the ith receiving antenna. WrIs additive white Gaussian noise, obeys
Figure BDA0002688903610000063
A normal distribution. The channel model is a quasi-static fading channel, and the channel coefficients are constant and independently distributed in different fading blocks. The flow steps for implementing the modulation method will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
S1, dividing the L groups of elements of the intelligent reflection surface into two groups according to transmission requirements, and respectively recording the two groups of elements as L1 and L2; the phase shift of each group of elements in the L1 is modulated to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements respectively, the phase shift of each group of elements in the L2 is modulated to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements respectively plus pi/2, and signals modulated by the L1 and the L2 are marked as I-path signals and Q-path signals respectively;
wherein the total number of grouping schemes of the L groups of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface can be calculated by utilizing a total probability formula. Assuming that a number P of group elements are included in L1, a number L-P of group elements are included in L2. Total number of grouping schemes
Figure BDA0002688903610000064
At most have log2The S bits of information may be additionally conveyed by groups of element units of the intelligent reflective surface. In actual transmission, one or more groups of grouping schemes may be selected as desired.
Let the optimal reflected phase shift be θl,rOn the premise of determining the grouping scheme, the reflection phase shift of the ith group of intelligent reflective surface elements is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000071
and S2, determining the specific receiving antenna of each group of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface according to the serial number index of the receiving antenna. Number B of index bits of sequence number is expressed by
Figure BDA0002688903610000072
And (c) calculating, wherein,
Figure BDA0002688903610000073
indicating a rounding up operation.
And S3, determining the optimal reflection phase shift of each group element of the intelligent reflection surface according to the optimization target of the wireless communication system.
The optimal reflection phase shift is calculated by taking the maximization of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of a specific receiving antenna as an optimization target as an example, and the calculation process is as follows:
s301, the signal received by the r-th receiving antenna has the following expression:
Figure BDA0002688903610000074
wherein ESThe amplitude coefficient of each grouping element of the intelligent reflection surface is 1, the specific receiving antenna r is determined by B-bit index bits,
Figure BDA0002688903610000075
is additive white Gaussian noise, and obeys a mean value of 0 and a variance of N0Is normally distributed.
S302, the instantaneous snr received by the r-th receiving antenna is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002688903610000076
s303, according to the expression of the instantaneous snr received by the r-th receiving antenna, when the maximum instantaneous snr obtained by a specific receiving antenna is targeted, the optimal reflection phase shift should be selected:
Figure BDA0002688903610000077
the modulated I path and Q path signals in S4, L1 and L2 select different orthogonal modes, namely the I path leads to the Q path pi/2 or the Q path leads to the I path pi/2;
s401, when L is equal to L1, the received signal of the r receiving antenna is marked as yrrThen y isrrThe expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000081
when L ∈ L2, the received signal of the r-th receiving antenna is recorded as yriThen y isriThe expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000082
s402, when the I path is selected to lead the Q path pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝-yrr+jyrior yr＝yrr-jyri
When the Q way leads the I way pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝yrr+jyrior yr＝-yrr-jyri；
S5, demodulating the modulation signal at the receiving end according to the maximum instantaneous energy, wherein the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000083
the process is as follows
S501, for the path I:
Figure BDA0002688903610000084
for the Q path:
Figure BDA0002688903610000085
s502, according to the orthogonal reflection index modulation scheme, judging the orthogonal mode of the path I and the path Q for signal demodulation, wherein the demodulated signal is as follows:
Figure BDA0002688903610000086
in order to illustrate the technical progress of the method, the two modulation modes of the orthogonal reflection index modulation scheme and the spatial phase shift keying provided by the invention are simulated on an MATLAB platform. The number N of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface is 64 and 128 respectively, and the number N of receiving antennasrThe total number of packets L is 2. Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between the bit error rate performance of the modulation method and the spatial phase shift keying modulation scheme according to the present invention.
Compared with the conventional modulation method, the present invention has the following technical improvements.
1) The spectrum efficiency or the bit error rate performance is improved. As shown in fig. 2, by performing orthogonal reflection index modulation on the intelligent reflection surface packet, the bit error rate is low under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio, and the accuracy of information transmission can be improved;
2) this increase in spectral efficiency requires little additional energy to be added by the wireless communication system.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An orthogonal reflection index modulation method for an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system comprising at least one base station, at least one intelligent reflective surface employing example grouping, and NrThe receiving antenna, the intelligent reflection surface has N element units, the N element units are divided into L groups, characterized in that, the orthogonal reflection index modulation method includes the following steps:
s1, dividing L groups of elements of the intelligent reflection surface into two groups, which are respectively recorded as L1 and L2, respectively modulating the phase shift of each group of elements in L1 to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements, respectively modulating the phase shift of each group of elements in L2 to the corresponding optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements plus pi/2, and respectively recording signals modulated by L1 and L2 as I-path and Q-path signals;
s2, determining specific receiving antennas of each group of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface according to the serial number indexes of the receiving antennas;
s3, determining the optimal reflection phase shift of each group of elements of the intelligent reflection surface according to the optimization target of the wireless communication system;
the modulated I path and Q path signals in S4, L1 and L2 select different orthogonal modes, namely the I path leads to the Q path pi/2 or the Q path leads to the I path pi/2;
and S5, demodulating the modulation signal at the receiving end according to the maximum instantaneous energy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the L2 includes a number of L-P group elements assuming that the number of P group elements is included in L1, and the total number of the grouping schemes of the L group elements of the intelligent reflective surface is calculated by a total probability formula as
Figure FDA0002688903600000011
I.e. at most log2The information of the S bits is additionally transferred by grouping the element units of the intelligent reflection surface.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the optimal reflection phase shift is represented as θl,rOn the premise of determining the grouping scheme, the reflection phase shift of the L, L-th 1,2.. L group of smart reflective surface elements is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002688903600000021
4. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of bits B of the serial index bits of the receiving antenna is expressed by
Figure FDA0002688903600000022
And (c) calculating, wherein,
Figure FDA0002688903600000023
indicating a rounding up operation.
5. The method for orthogonal reflection index modulation in an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 is performed to calculate the optimal reflection phase shift with the goal of maximizing the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of a specific receiving antenna, and the calculation process is as follows:
the signal received by the r-th receiving antenna is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002688903600000024
wherein philL-1, 2.. L reflection phase shifts of the group of smart reflective surface elements, ESIs the energy of the unmodulated carrier wave,
Figure FDA0002688903600000025
Hl,rfor the channel between the l-th group of smart reflective surface elements and the r-th receiving antenna, betal,r、
Figure FDA0002688903600000026
Respectively representing the channel amplitude change coefficient and the phase change coefficient between the ith group of intelligent reflecting surface elements and the r-th receiving antenna, the amplitude coefficient of each group of elements of the intelligent reflecting surface is marked as 1, the specific receiving antenna r is determined by B-bit index bits,
Figure FDA0002688903600000027
is additive white Gaussian noise, and obeys a mean value of 0 and a variance of N0The normal distribution of (c),
the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio received by the r-th receive antenna is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002688903600000028
according to the expression of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio received by the r-th receiving antenna, when the maximum instantaneous receiving signal-to-noise ratio obtained by a specific receiving antenna is taken as a target, the optimal reflection phase shift should be selected as follows:
Figure FDA0002688903600000031
6. the method for orthogonal reflection index modulation in an intelligent reflective surface assisted wireless communication system according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps:
when L ∈ L1, the received signal of the r-th receiving antenna is recorded as yrrThen y isrrThe expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0002688903600000032
when L ∈ L2, the received signal of the r-th receiving antenna is recorded as yriThen y isriThe expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0002688903600000033
when the I-way leads the Q-way pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝-yrr+jyrior yr＝yrr-jyri
When the Q way leads the I way pi/2, the received signal is expressed as:
yr＝yrr+jyrior yr＝-yrr-jyri。
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S5 is demodulating a modulation signal at the receiving end according to the maximum instantaneous energy, and the expression is:
Figure FDA0002688903600000034
the calculation process is as follows:
Figure FDA0002688903600000035
for the Q path:
Figure FDA0002688903600000036
according to the orthogonal reflection index modulation scheme, judging the orthogonal mode of the path I and the path Q to demodulate signals, wherein the demodulated signals are as follows:
Figure FDA0002688903600000037
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CN114039828A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-11 上海电机学院 Wireless communication method based on space reflection modulation of IRS
CN114039828B (en) * 2021-11-08 2024-01-19 上海电机学院 IRS-based spatial reflection modulation wireless communication method
CN114268905A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-04-01 中国电信股份有限公司 Communication method, device and system based on beam adjusting device

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