CN113839901B - Virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface - Google Patents

Virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface Download PDF

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CN113839901B
CN113839901B CN202111060931.7A CN202111060931A CN113839901B CN 113839901 B CN113839901 B CN 113839901B CN 202111060931 A CN202111060931 A CN 202111060931A CN 113839901 B CN113839901 B CN 113839901B
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user
base station
channel
reconfigurable
intelligent surface
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CN113839901A (en
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盛彬
张立
季晨
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • H04B7/145Passive relay systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224Channel estimation using sounding signals

Abstract

The invention discloses a baseThe virtual constellation modulation method for the reconfigurable intelligent surface comprises the following steps: user A sends pilot signal to base station; the base station calculates the direct channel h between the user A and the base station according to the received pilot signal d And send to user B; a user A sends a pilot signal to a base station and sequentially starts each unit of the intelligent surface; sequentially calculating the channels passing through the reflecting units
Figure DDA0003256507610000013
And send to user B; calculating the direct channel h between the user A and the base station d And channels passing through the reflecting units
Figure DDA0003256507610000014
Phase angle of m And alpha d And build up of
Figure DDA0003256507610000012
The unit set S of (2); user B sets the reflection coefficients of all the cells of the reconfigurable intelligent surface to
Figure DDA0003256507610000011
User A and user B respectively send signals to the base station; the base station receives the transmission signals of the user A and the user B and demodulates the composite constellation diagram. The invention can balance the interference among different users, effectively reduce the error rate of a receiving end, improve the system capacity, has low calculation complexity and is suitable for different types of reconfigurable intelligent surface systems.

Description

Virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multiple access technology in a mobile communication system, in particular to a virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface.
Background
As the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G) enters the business stage, the development of the sixth generation mobile communication system (6G) is spreading the introduction. The 6G can meet the increasing various communication requirements of people in the forms of full coverage, full spectrum, full application and strong safety, and potential research directions comprise terahertz communication, artificial intelligence, super-large-scale MIMO technology, reconfigurable intelligent surface technology and the like. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces consist of a regular array of carefully designed electromagnetic elements, usually composed of metal, dielectric and tunable elements. By controlling the adjustable elements in the electromagnetic unit, electromagnetic parameters of the reflected electromagnetic wave, such as phase and amplitude, are altered in a programmable manner. Compared with the traditional relay communication, the Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) can work in a full duplex mode, has higher spectrum utilization rate, does not need a Radio Frequency (RF) link or large-scale power supply, and has advantages in power consumption and deployment cost.
The existing reconfigurable intelligent surface technology is mainly used for enhancing the quality of communication signals, generally, a reconfigurable intelligent surface is arranged between a base station and a user, the phase of an incident signal is changed by adjusting the parameter of each reflecting unit, so that the signals reflected by the reflecting units and reaching the user are superposed in the same phase, and the power of received signals is enhanced. Since the reflection parameters are adjusted according to the channel, no data information is carried. The non-orthogonal multiple access technology adopts non-orthogonal transmission at a transmitting end, actively introduces interference information, and realizes correct demodulation at a receiving end through a serial interference deletion technology. At present, the research on the technology is not deep enough, and the signal transmission based on the non-orthogonal multiple access technology has the defects of high error rate, small application range and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface, which can effectively reduce the error rate of a receiving end, improve the system capacity, realize the quick and reliable sending method with low complexity and is suitable for different RISs.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface, comprising the following steps:
step 1, a user A sends a pilot signal to a base station, and a user B controls a reconfigurable intelligent surface to close all units;
step 2, the base station calculates the direct channel h between the user A and the base station according to the received pilot signal d And combining said direct channel h d Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
step 3, the user A sends a pilot signal to the base station and sequentially starts each unit of the intelligent surface;
step 4, the base station calculates the channels passing through each reflection unit in turn according to the received pilot frequency
Figure BDA0003256507590000021
And will channel
Figure BDA0003256507590000022
Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
step 5, calculating direct channel h between user A and base station d And channels passing through the reflecting units
Figure BDA0003256507590000023
Phase angle of m And alpha d And build up of
Figure BDA0003256507590000024
The unit set S of (2);
step 6, setting the reflection coefficients of all units of the reconfigurable intelligent surface to be as
Figure BDA0003256507590000025
Step 7, user A sends M PSK signal x to base station A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S and sending signal x B (n);
And 8, the base station receives the signals sent by the user A and the user B and demodulates the composite constellation diagram to obtain the received signals of the user A and the user B.
Further, in the present invention: the base station comprises an antenna, the reconfigurable intelligent surface comprises M units, and each unit can reflect incident signals received by the unit.
Further, in the present invention: said direct channel h d The obtaining further comprises:
user A sends pilot signal to base station through frequency flat fading channel, and the base station receives the equivalent signal of discrete basebandr d (n) is:
r d (n)=h d (n)x p (n)+w d (n)
wherein x is p (n) indicates that user A transmits a pilot signal to the base station at the nth time, h d (n) denotes the direct channel at the nth time instant between user A and the base station, w d (n) Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at the nth time;
since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n), the estimated values for the available direct channels are:
Figure BDA0003256507590000026
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003256507590000027
representing an estimate of the direct channel.
Further, in the present invention: the acquiring of the composite channel passing through each reflection unit further comprises:
suppose that at the (n +1) th moment, the user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface to open the 1 st unit, other units are closed at the moment, the reflection coefficient is set to be 1, and the base station receives the discrete baseband equivalent signal
Figure BDA0003256507590000028
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003256507590000029
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003256507590000031
representing the channel, beta, between the base station and the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface 1 (n +1) represents the reflection coefficient of the 1 st unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface at the moment n +1, beta 1 (n+1)=1,
Figure BDA0003256507590000032
Representing the channel between the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface and user A, h d Representing the direct channel, x, between user A and the base station p (n +1) for user a to transmit a pilot signal to the base station at the (n +1) th time instant,
Figure BDA0003256507590000033
representing additive white gaussian noise;
since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n +1), the obtained composite channel estimation value between the base station and the user A which is reflected by the 1 st unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is as follows:
Figure BDA0003256507590000034
the composite channel of each reflection unit is sequentially acquired based on the process.
Further, in the present invention: the step 7 further comprises:
user A sends x to base station multi-system phase shift keying A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable smart surface, sending a multi-ary PSK signal by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S, i.e.
Figure BDA0003256507590000035
Where m ∈ S and θ denotes the phase angle of the constellation diagram.
Further, in the present invention: the step 8 further comprises:
step 8-1, the user A and the user B send binary phase shift keying modulation signals to the base station at the nth moment to acquire discrete baseband equivalent signals received by the base station;
step 8-2, the base station demodulates to obtain a receiving signal of the user A;
and 8-3, after the base station counteracts the signal interference of the user A, demodulating to obtain a receiving signal of the user B.
Further, in the present invention: the discrete baseband equivalent signal r (n) is:
Figure BDA0003256507590000036
wherein, θ and
Figure BDA0003256507590000037
representing the phase angles of the user B and a constellations, respectively.
Further, in the present invention: the received signal of the base station to the user A is:
Figure BDA0003256507590000038
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003256507590000039
and demodulating the received signal of the user A for the base station.
Further, in the present invention: the received signal of base station user B is:
Figure BDA00032565075900000310
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003256507590000041
for the base station to obtain the received signal of the user B after demodulation,
Figure BDA0003256507590000042
representing signals
Figure BDA0003256507590000043
And regenerating symbols after hard judgment or soft judgment.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can form a virtual constellation map with the transmitted multi-system phase shift keying symbol by the technology of modulating the reflection parameter to carry the multi-system phase shift keying symbol, and transmits data of different users on the same time frequency and other physical resources to realize non-orthogonal multi-address access; through setting parameters, the reflecting unit to be modulated is selected, a wireless channel environment suitable for transmission of a non-orthogonal multi-address technology is constructed, interference among different users can be balanced, the error rate of a receiving end is effectively reduced, and the system capacity is improved; the method provided by the invention has low computational complexity, does not need to add any additional device, and can be used for different types of reconfigurable intelligent surface systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall flow diagram of a virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings as follows:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, a user A sends a pilot signal to a base station, and a user B controls a reconfigurable intelligent surface to close all units;
specifically, in a Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) assisted Uplink (Uplink) narrowband (Narrow-band) communication system, a Base Station (BS) of the system comprises an antenna, the reconfigurable intelligent surface has M units, each unit can reflect an incident signal received by the unit, and the reflection coefficient is beta m Wherein M represents a unit number, and M is 1, 2.
Each unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is a passive reflecting element, so that the reflection coefficient satisfies 0 ≦ beta m ≤1。
A user A sets an antenna and can send signals to a base station through the antenna; and the user B establishes a connection with the reconfigurable intelligent surface by adopting the existing communication protocol and method, and can control the activation and the closing of the reconfigurable intelligent surface reflection unit and the size of the reflection coefficient.
The connection established by the user B using the existing communication protocol includes a D2D connection, a WLAN connection, an infrared connection, an optical fiber connection, and the like. Preferably, the communication protocol adopted by the connection is selected according to the equipment adopted by the controller of the reconfigurable intelligent surface; if the controller of the reconfigurable intelligent surface adopts WiFi equipment, the controller can use WLAN connection to operate an IEEE 802.11 protocol; if the controller adopts a communication module, 4G or 5G signal connection can be used; or relative to the base station, the controller of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is also regarded as a terminal, and is connected by adopting a D2D communication protocol.
Step 2, the base station calculates the direct channel h between the user A and the base station according to the received pilot signal d And combining said direct channel h d Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
step 3, the user A sends a pilot signal to the base station and sequentially starts each unit of the intelligent surface;
specifically, in the invention, the channels between the user A and the base station and between the user B and the base station are all frequency flat fading channels, in the channel estimation stage, the user A sends a pilot signal to the base station to pass through the frequency flat fading channels, and a discrete baseband equivalent signal r received by the base station d (n) is:
r d (n)=h d (n)x p (n)+w d (n)
wherein x is p (n) indicates that user A transmits a pilot signal to the base station at the nth time, h d (n) denotes the direct channel at the nth time instant between user A and the base station, w d (n) represents Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at the nth time.
Assuming that the coherence time of the channel is much longer than the channel estimation and data transmission time, the channel can be considered to remain unchanged during this period. For simplicity of illustration, the time number n is removed in the following analysis. Since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n), the estimated values for the direct channel are:
Figure BDA0003256507590000051
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003256507590000052
representing an estimate of the direct channel.
Further, wherein for M cells of the reconfigurable smart surface, user B controls the reconfigurable smart surface to activate only one cell at a time and sets the reflection coefficient of the activated cell to 1.
Step 4, the base station calculates the channels passing through each reflection unit in turn according to the received pilot frequency
Figure BDA0003256507590000053
And will channel
Figure BDA0003256507590000054
Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
specifically, suppose that at the (n +1) th time, the user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface to open the 1 st unit, and at this time, other units are closed, the reflection coefficient is set to 1, and the base station receives the discrete baseband equivalent signal
Figure BDA0003256507590000055
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003256507590000061
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003256507590000062
representing the channel, beta, between the base station and the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface 1 (n +1) represents the reflection coefficient of the 1 st unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface at the moment n +1, beta 1 (n+1)=1,
Figure BDA0003256507590000063
Representing the channel between the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface and user A, h d Representing the direct channel, x, between user A and the base station p (n +1) for user a to transmit pilot signals to the base station at the (n +1) th time instant,
Figure BDA0003256507590000064
representing additive white gaussian noise.
Since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n +1), the obtained composite channel estimation value between the base station and the user A which is reflected by the 1 st unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is as follows:
Figure BDA0003256507590000065
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003256507590000066
representing the composite channel estimate between the base station and user a reflected by the 1 st element of the reconfigurable intelligent surface.
Further, assume that at time n +2, user B controls the reconfigurable smart surface to turn on the 2 nd cell and turn off the other cells while setting the reflection coefficient to 1. At the moment, the base station receives the signal reflected by the 2 nd unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface
Figure BDA0003256507590000067
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003256507590000068
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003256507590000069
representing the channel, beta, between the base station and the 2 nd unit of the reconfigurable smart surface 2 (n +2) represents the reflection coefficient of the 2 nd unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface at the moment of n +2, beta 2 (n+2)=1,
Figure BDA00032565075900000610
Can representReconstructing a channel between the 2 nd unit of the smart surface and the user A; x is the number of p (n +2) user A sends pilot signal to base station at the (n +2) th time;
Figure BDA00032565075900000611
representing additive white gaussian noise.
Since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n +2), obtaining a composite channel estimation value between the base station and the user A through the reconfigurable intelligent surface reflection as follows:
Figure BDA00032565075900000612
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00032565075900000613
representing the composite channel estimate between the base station and user a reflected by the 2 nd element of the reconfigurable smart surface.
Based on the method, the estimation value of the direct channel between the base station and the user A can be finally obtained
Figure BDA00032565075900000614
And a composite channel estimation value reflected by all units of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is sent to the user B. Wherein the composite channel estimate reflected by the mth cell is
Figure BDA00032565075900000615
m=1,2,…,M。
Step 5, acquiring direct channel h between user A and base station d And channels passing through the reflecting units
Figure BDA0003256507590000071
Phase angle of alpha m And alpha d And build up of
Figure BDA0003256507590000072
The unit set S of (2);
in particular, due to practical applicationThe true value of the channel can not be obtained, so the invention uses the direct channel estimation values obtained in step 3 and step 4
Figure BDA0003256507590000073
As a direct channel h d Composite channel estimates through each reflection unit
Figure BDA0003256507590000074
As a channel
Figure BDA0003256507590000075
Specifically, the calculation is performed sequentially from the unit number m equal to 1
Figure BDA0003256507590000076
And h d Phase angle of alpha m And alpha d Size.
And the user B determines a phase angle theta used by each constellation point of phase shift keying according to the bit number of each symbol, and determines a parameter gamma according to the channel environment, wherein the parameter gamma is the average value of all channel parameter models. Wherein, assuming that each symbol is 1 bit, the symbol is BPSK modulation, the number of constellation points is 2, and 90 degrees can be used to represent 1, and-90 degrees can be used to represent 0; if each symbol is 2 bits, then the symbol is QPSK modulated, the constellation points are 4 in total, and 00 can be represented by 45 degrees, 11 can be represented by-45 degrees, 10 can be represented by 135 degrees, and 01 can be represented by-135 degrees.
User B starts from m being equal to 1 and acquires the m and the m are sequentially equal to 1
Figure BDA0003256507590000077
And stores it as a set S.
Step 6, setting the reflection coefficients of all units of the reconfigurable intelligent surface to be the reflection coefficients by the user B
Figure BDA0003256507590000078
Wherein the reflection coefficients of all units of the reconfigurable intelligent surface are satisfied
Figure BDA0003256507590000079
Step 7, user A sends multi-system phase shift keying signal x to base station A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S and sending signal x B (n);
Specifically, during the data transmission phase, user A sends x to the BS according to PSK A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable smart surface, sending multilevel phase shift keying signals by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S, i.e.
Figure BDA00032565075900000710
Where m ∈ S and θ denotes the phase angle of the constellation diagram.
Assuming that the reconfigurable intelligent surface has 4 reflection units, user B adopts binary phase shift keying modulation according to the speed requirement. Let θ be π/4, then x B (n)=e jπ/4 Representing transmission bits 1, x B (n)=e -jπ/4 Indicating a transmission bit of 0. According to the mean of the modulus of the channel parameter, i.e.
Figure BDA00032565075900000711
S is obtained as {1,3 }. At this time, user B sets the reflection coefficients of the 2 nd unit and the 4 th unit in the reconfigurable intelligent surface to be respectively
Figure BDA00032565075900000712
And
Figure BDA00032565075900000713
at the same time, binary phase shift keying is modulated on the reflection coefficients of the 1 st and 3 rd cells, i.e. using
Figure BDA00032565075900000714
The method for preparing the compound of the formula 1,
Figure BDA00032565075900000715
represents 0, wherein m is 1, 3. Since user A also transmits the multi-system phase shift keying signal, the phase angle of user B signal is equivalent to the constellation of user A signalThe diagrams are rotated and finally combined to form a virtual constellation. The constellation diagram contains information of both user a and user B, forming a non-orthogonal multiple access technology transmission of the uplink.
And 8, the base station receives the signals sent by the user A and the user B and demodulates the composite constellation diagram to obtain the receiving signals of the user A and the user B.
Specifically, the user a and the user B send binary phase shift keying modulation signals to the base station at the nth time, and the discrete baseband equivalent signal r (n) received by the base station is:
Figure BDA0003256507590000081
wherein, θ and
Figure BDA0003256507590000082
representing the phase angles of the user B and a constellations, respectively.
Because the receiving power of the user A is higher, the invention firstly demodulates the data of the user A and then demodulates the data of the user B. Specifically, the serial interference cancellation method is adopted to demodulate and obtain the receiving signal of the user A
Figure BDA0003256507590000083
Figure BDA0003256507590000084
According to demodulation
Figure BDA0003256507590000085
After user A signal interference is counteracted, the received signal of user B is demodulated
Figure BDA0003256507590000086
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003256507590000087
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003256507590000088
representing a signal
Figure BDA0003256507590000089
And regenerating symbols after hard judgment or soft judgment.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned examples only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A virtual constellation modulation method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a user A sends a pilot signal to a base station, and a user B controls a reconfigurable intelligent surface to close all units;
step 2, the base station calculates the direct channel h between the user A and the base station according to the received pilot signal d And combining said direct channel h d Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
step 3, the user A sends a pilot signal to the base station, and sequentially starts each unit of the intelligent surface;
step 4, the base station calculates the composite channel passing through each reflection unit in turn according to the received pilot frequency
Figure FDA0003703346220000011
And will channel
Figure FDA0003703346220000012
Sending the data to a user B through a downlink channel;
step 5, calculating direct channel h between user A and base station d And composite channels passing through the reflecting units
Figure FDA0003703346220000013
Phase angle of alpha m And alpha d And build up of
Figure FDA0003703346220000014
The unit set S of (2); wherein the superscript m represents the mth reflection unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface; gamma represents the parameters determined by the system according to the channel environment, and is set as the mean value of all channel parameter models;
step 6, setting the reflection coefficients of all units of the reconfigurable intelligent surface to be the reflection coefficients by the user B
Figure FDA0003703346220000015
Step 7, user A sends M PSK signal x to base station A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S and sending signal x B (n);
Step 8, the base station receives the signals sent by the user A and the user B and demodulates the composite constellation diagram to obtain the received signals of the user A and the user B; the constellation diagram refers to possible occurrence positions of a single modulation symbol on a plane formed by a real part and an imaginary part, and the position formed by combining two modulation symbols is called a composite constellation diagram.
2. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces of claim 1, characterized in that: the base station comprises an antenna, the reconfigurable intelligent surface comprises M units, and each unit can reflect incident signals received by the unit.
3. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the direct channel h between the user A and the base station without intelligent surface reflection d The obtaining further comprises:
user A sends pilot signal to base station, and the pilot signal passes through frequency flat fading channel, and the base station receivesTo a discrete baseband equivalent signal r d (n) is:
r d (n)=h d (n)x p (n)+w d (n)
wherein x is p (n) indicates that user A transmits a pilot signal to the base station at the nth time, h d (n) represents the direct channel at the nth time instant between user A and the base station, w d (n) Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at the nth time;
since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n), the estimated values for the available direct channels are:
Figure FDA0003703346220000021
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure FDA0003703346220000022
represents the direct channel h d An estimate of (d).
4. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 3, characterized in that: composite channel passing through each reflection unit
Figure FDA0003703346220000023
The obtaining further comprises:
suppose that at the (n +1) th moment, the user B controls the reconfigurable intelligent surface to open the 1 st unit, other units are closed at the moment, the reflection coefficient is set to be 1, and the base station receives the discrete baseband equivalent signal
Figure FDA0003703346220000024
Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003703346220000025
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003703346220000026
representing the channel, beta, between the base station and the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface 1 (n +1) represents the reflection coefficient of the 1 st unit of the reconfigurable intelligent surface at the moment n +1, beta 1 (n+1)=1,
Figure FDA0003703346220000027
Representing the channel between the 1 st element of the reconfigurable smart surface and user A, h d Representing the direct channel between user A and the base station, x p (n +1) for user a to transmit a pilot signal to the base station at the (n +1) th time instant,
Figure FDA0003703346220000028
representing additive white gaussian noise;
since the receiving end of the base station knows x p (n +1), obtaining a composite channel estimation value between the base station and the user A through the 1 st unit reflection of the reconfigurable intelligent surface as follows:
Figure FDA0003703346220000029
it should be noted that the estimation is obtained here by including
Figure FDA00037033462200000210
And further comprises
Figure FDA00037033462200000211
So will
Figure FDA00037033462200000212
Referred to as a composite channel; based on the process, the composite channel of each reflection unit is obtained in sequence, wherein the composite channel estimation value reflected by the mth unit is
Figure FDA00037033462200000213
5. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces of claim 4, characterized in that: the step 7 further comprises:
user A sends x to base station MSK A (n) user B controls the reconfigurable smart surface, sending a multilevel phase shift keying signal by modulating the reflection coefficients of the cells in set S, i.e.
Figure FDA00037033462200000214
Where m ∈ S and θ represent the phase angle of the constellation diagram.
6. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 5, characterized in that: the step 8 further comprises:
step 8-1, the user A and the user B send binary phase shift keying modulation signals to the base station at the nth moment to acquire discrete baseband equivalent signals received by the base station;
step 8-2, the base station demodulates to obtain the received signal of the user A;
and 8-3, after the base station counteracts the signal interference of the user A, demodulating to obtain a receiving signal of the user B.
7. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 6, characterized in that: the discrete baseband equivalent signal r (n) is:
Figure FDA0003703346220000031
wherein, θ and
Figure FDA0003703346220000032
representing the phase angles of the user B and A constellations respectively; w (n) represents white gaussian noise at the nth time during data transmission.
8. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the base station receives signals of the user A:
Figure FDA0003703346220000033
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure FDA0003703346220000034
demodulating the base station to obtain a receiving signal of a user A; m represents the total number of reflective elements contained by the reconfigurable smart surface.
9. The virtual constellation modulation method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface of claim 8, characterized in that: the received signal of base station user B is:
Figure FDA0003703346220000035
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003703346220000036
to obtain the received signal of user B after demodulation by the base station,
Figure FDA0003703346220000037
representing signals
Figure FDA0003703346220000038
And regenerating symbols after hard judgment or soft judgment.
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