CN112260371B - Lithium battery protection circuit and lithium battery - Google Patents
Lithium battery protection circuit and lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112260371B CN112260371B CN202011532228.7A CN202011532228A CN112260371B CN 112260371 B CN112260371 B CN 112260371B CN 202011532228 A CN202011532228 A CN 202011532228A CN 112260371 B CN112260371 B CN 112260371B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a lithium battery protection circuit and a lithium battery. The trigger circuit provides a trigger signal to the reverse delay circuit to control the first switch circuit to be switched off, and the logic control circuit controls the third switch circuit to be switched on. In order to keep the first switch circuit switched off, before the level of the first control signal is turned over, the second switch circuit is controlled to be switched off through the logic control circuit, so that the over-discharge voltage detection circuit does not work, when the voltages of the positive output end and the negative output end are equal, the load does not consume current, and the voltage of the lithium battery is not reduced. When the lithium battery is used again, the lithium battery can be normally used only by connecting the charger and activating the charger, and the lithium battery does not need to be charged for a long time, so that the use effect of a user is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a lithium battery protection circuit and a lithium battery.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, lithium batteries have become popular as power supply devices for electronic products such as mobile phones, electronic cigarettes, mobile power sources, TWS (true wireless stereo) earphones, smart wristbands, watches, and the like.
Especially in the miniaturized application of batteries such as electron cigarette, TWS, intelligent wrist-watch, the capacity that requires the battery is littleer and smaller, and battery protection circuit among the prior art not only can self consume power under the long-time condition of not using of battery, and the load is also consuming power simultaneously, consequently leads to the voltage reduction of battery easily when long-time, long-distance transportation, influences the life-span of battery, still need to charge the battery can normally be used after a period of time simultaneously, seriously influences user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a lithium battery protection circuit and a lithium battery, which reduce the self-consumption and the load current of the lithium battery to zero, maintain the voltage of the battery not to drop and improve the user experience.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium battery protection circuit, including: the trigger circuit, the first switch circuit, the reverse delay circuit, the drive circuit, the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the logic control circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit;
the first end of the trigger circuit is electrically connected with the positive output end of the lithium battery, the second end of the trigger circuit is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery, the control end of the trigger circuit is used for outputting a trigger signal to the input end of the reverse delay circuit, the reverse delay circuit is used for outputting a first control signal from the output end of the reverse delay circuit to the first control end of the drive circuit according to the trigger signal, and the first output end of the drive circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch circuit; the first end of the first switch circuit and the first end of the third switch circuit are respectively electrically connected with the anode or the cathode of the lithium battery, and the second end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit;
the first end of the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery through a filter resistor, the second end of the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the logic control circuit and the second control end of the drive circuit, and the drive circuit is used for controlling the first switch circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the first control signal and the over-discharge control signal output by the over-discharge voltage detection circuit;
the second input end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the first output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit, the second output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the third switch circuit, and the logic control circuit is used for controlling the third switch circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the first control signal and the over-discharge control signal and controlling the second switch circuit to be switched off before the level of the first control signal is turned over.
Optionally, the first switch circuit includes a first transistor, a first pole of the first transistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery, a second pole of the first transistor is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the lithium battery, and a first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through the filter resistor;
the logic control circuit comprises a first control circuit and a second control circuit;
the first input end of the first control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the first control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the output end of the first control circuit is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the second control circuit and the control end of the third switch circuit, the second input end of the second control circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, and the output end of the second control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit.
Optionally, the first control circuit comprises a first and gate, and the second control circuit comprises a first not gate and a not gate;
the first input end of the first AND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the first AND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the output end of the first AND gate is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the NOR gate and the control end of the third switch circuit, the first end of the first NOT gate is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, the second end of the first NOT gate is electrically connected with the second input end of the NOR gate, and the output end of the NOR gate is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit.
Optionally, the second switch circuit includes a second transistor, a first pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through the filter resistor, a second pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, and a control terminal of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the logic control circuit.
Optionally, the third switching circuit comprises a third transistor and a first resistor;
the control end of the third transistor is electrically connected with the second output end of the logic control circuit, the first pole of the third transistor is electrically connected with the positive pole of the lithium battery through the filter resistor, and the second pole of the third transistor is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery through the first resistor.
Optionally, the reverse delay circuit includes a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a second resistor, a delay circuit, and a second and gate;
the control end of the fourth transistor is the input end of the reverse delay circuit, the first pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit through the second resistor, and the second pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery;
a first electrode of the fifth transistor and a first electrode of the seventh transistor are both electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, a control end of the fifth transistor and a control end of the sixth transistor are both electrically connected with a first electrode of the fourth transistor, a second electrode of the fifth transistor is respectively electrically connected with the first electrode of the sixth transistor, the control end of the seventh transistor and a control end of the eighth transistor, a second electrode of the sixth transistor and a second electrode of the eighth transistor are both grounded, and a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected with a second electrode of the seventh transistor;
the input end of the delay circuit is electrically connected with the first pole of the eighth transistor, the output end of the delay circuit is electrically connected with the first input end of the second AND gate, the second input end of the second AND gate is electrically connected with the first pole of the eighth transistor, and the output end of the second AND gate is electrically connected with the first control end of the driving circuit.
Optionally, the first switch circuit includes a first sub-transistor and a second sub-transistor, a control terminal of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the driving circuit, a control terminal of the second sub-transistor is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the driving circuit, a first pole of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to the negative pole of the lithium battery, a second pole of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to the first pole of the second sub-transistor, and a second pole of the second sub-transistor is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the lithium battery.
Optionally, a first end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the lithium battery, a second end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to a positive output end of the lithium battery, a first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the lithium battery, a second end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to a second end of the first switch circuit, and the reverse delay circuit is replaced with a delay circuit.
Optionally, the logic control circuit comprises a nand gate and a second not gate;
the first input end of the NAND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the NAND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the second NOT gate, the input end of the second NOT gate is electrically connected with the output end of the delay circuit, and the output ends of the NAND gate are respectively electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit and the control end of the third switch circuit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a lithium battery, where the lithium battery includes the lithium battery protection circuit provided in any embodiment of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the lithium battery is in a standby state or is not used for a long time, the trigger circuit provides the trigger signal to the reverse delay circuit, the reverse delay circuit generates the first control signal, under the action of the first control signal, the first switch circuit is turned off, the logic control circuit controls the third switch circuit to be turned on, and the voltage stored on the second capacitor is discharged through the third switch circuit. In the discharging process of the second capacitor, in order to maintain the first switch circuit in a turn-off state, before the level of the first control signal is turned over, the second switch circuit is controlled to be turned off through the logic control circuit, so that the over-discharge voltage detection circuit does not work, namely, the lithium battery protection circuit does not consume current, when the voltages of the positive output end and the negative output end are equal, namely, the output voltage is pulled to be zero, the load does not consume current, therefore, the voltage of the lithium battery is ensured not to be reduced, and the voltage can be maintained at a stable voltage value for a long time. When the lithium battery is used again, the lithium battery can be normally used only by connecting the charger and activating the charger, and the lithium battery does not need to be charged for a long time, so that the use effect of a user is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
As described in the background art, the battery protection circuit in the prior art consumes current even when the battery is not used for a long time, and the load consumes current, thereby causing high self-consumption of the battery and lowering the battery voltage. When the small-capacity battery is not used for a long time, the voltage of the battery is gradually reduced to be lower than the over-discharge protection voltage of the battery protection circuit, so that the battery enters an over-discharge voltage protection state. When the battery is used again, the battery needs to be charged for a long time to be used normally, and the use experience of a user is seriously influenced.
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a lithium battery protection circuit, which controls a lithium battery system to enter a shipping mode through a trigger signal, so as to reduce a self-power consumption phenomenon of a lithium battery and improve user experience. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the lithium battery protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a trigger circuit 10, a first switch circuit 20, a reverse delay circuit 30, a driving circuit 40, an over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, a logic control circuit 60, a second switch circuit 70, and a third switch circuit 80;
the first end a1 of the trigger circuit 10 is electrically connected to the positive output end P + of the lithium battery, the second end a2 of the trigger circuit 10 is electrically connected to the negative output end P-of the lithium battery, the control end A3 of the trigger circuit 10 is configured to output a trigger signal CKS to the input end B1 of the reverse delay circuit 30, the reverse delay circuit 30 is configured to output a first control signal VS1 from the output end B2 thereof to the first control end D1 of the driving circuit 40 according to the trigger signal CKS, and the first output end D2 of the driving circuit 40 is electrically connected to the control end E1 of the first switch circuit 20; the first terminal E2 of the first switch circuit 20 and the first terminal F1 of the third switch circuit 80 are electrically connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the lithium battery, respectively, and the second terminal E3 of the first switch circuit 20 is electrically connected to the second terminal F2 of the third switch circuit 80;
a first terminal G1 of the second switch circuit 70 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through a filter resistor RZ, a second terminal G2 of the second switch circuit 70 is electrically connected to an input terminal H1 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, an output terminal H2 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 is electrically connected to a first input terminal I1 of the logic control circuit 60 and a second control terminal D3 of the driving circuit 40, respectively, and the driving circuit 40 is configured to control the first switch circuit 20 to turn on or off according to a first control signal VS1 and an over-discharge control signal VFS output by the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50;
the second input terminal I2 of the logic control circuit 60 is electrically connected to the output terminal B2 of the inverse delay circuit 30, the first output terminal I3 of the logic control circuit 60 is electrically connected to the control terminal G3 of the second switch circuit 70, the second output terminal I4 of the logic control circuit 60 is electrically connected to the control terminal F3 of the third switch circuit 80, and the logic control circuit 60 is configured to control the third switch circuit 80 to turn on or off according to the first control signal VS1 and the over-discharge control signal VFS, and to control the second switch circuit 70 to turn off before the level of the first control signal VS1 is inverted.
Specifically, the first switch circuit 20 may be connected in series between the negative electrode and the negative output terminal P-of the lithium battery to form a negative electrode protection circuit, and when the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 detects the over-discharge voltage, the over-discharge control signal VFS is output to control the driving circuit 40 to turn off the first switch circuit 20, so as to disconnect the connection between the negative electrode and the negative output terminal P-of the lithium battery, and the lithium battery enters an over-discharge voltage protection state; the first switch circuit 20 may also be connected in series between the positive electrode and the positive output terminal P + of the lithium battery to form a positive electrode protection circuit, and when the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 detects the over-discharge voltage, the over-discharge control signal VFS is output to control the driving circuit 40 to turn off the first switch circuit 20, so as to disconnect the connection between the positive electrode and the positive output terminal P + of the lithium battery, and the lithium battery enters the over-discharge voltage protection state.
As shown in fig. 1, the negative protection circuit is taken as an example to explain the embodiment of the present invention, and the first terminal F1 of the third switch circuit 80 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through the filter resistor RZ. The lithium battery obtains a first voltage V1 through the filter resistor RZ, the voltage of a positive output end P + of the lithium battery is a second voltage V2, and the voltage of a negative output end P-is a third voltage V3. The trigger circuit 10 may be triggered by a control circuit inside the load, and when the lithium battery is in a normal operation mode, the trigger signal CKS output by the trigger circuit 10 is at a low level. When the system needs to enter a standby state or is not used for a long time, the trigger circuit 10 controls and outputs a high-level trigger signal CKS, and outputs a low-level first control signal VS1 after passing through the reverse delay circuit 30, the drive circuit 40 turns off the first switch circuit 20 under the action of the low-level first control signal VS1, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery is disconnected with the negative output end P < - >. Meanwhile, the logic control circuit 60 controls the third switch circuit 80 to be turned on under the action of the first control signal VS1 at a low level, charges on the second capacitor C2 (load capacitor, including parasitic capacitor or non-parasitic capacitor) are discharged through the filter resistor RZ and the third switch circuit 80, and the voltage on the second capacitor C2 gradually decreases, that is, the voltage at the negative output terminal P-is pulled high. When the voltage between the positive output terminal P + and the negative output terminal P-is less than the working voltage of the load, the control circuit in the load stops operating, and the trigger circuit 10 controls and outputs the low-level trigger signal CKS. At this time, the reverse delay circuit 30 delays to output the first control signal VS1 with a high level, and in order to maintain the first switch circuit 20 in the off state, it is required that the control signal output from the first output terminal I3 of the control logic control circuit 60 can turn off the second switch circuit 70 before the reverse delay circuit 30 delays to output the first control signal VS1 with a high level, that is, before the level of the first control signal VS1 is inverted (from the low level to the high level), so that the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 does not operate, and outputs the over-discharge control signal VFS with a low level, so as to ensure that the driving circuit 40 controls the first switch circuit 20 to be in the off state. After the overdischarge control signal VFS becomes low, the first switch circuit 20 is not turned on even if the first control signal VS1 output from the reverse delay circuit 30 is high. Since the second switching circuit 70 is in an off state and the over-discharge voltage detecting circuit 50 does not operate, the lithium battery protection circuit does not consume current; meanwhile, in the process that the voltage of the negative output end P < - > is pulled high, when the voltages of the positive output end P < + > and the negative output end P < - > are equal, namely the output voltage is pulled to be zero, the load can not consume current, so that the voltage of the lithium battery can not be reduced, and the stable voltage value can be maintained for a long time. When the lithium battery is used again, the lithium battery can be normally used only by connecting the charger and activating the charger, and the lithium battery does not need to be charged for a long time, so that the use effect of a user is improved.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the lithium battery is in a standby state or is not used for a long time, the trigger circuit provides a high-level trigger signal to the reverse delay circuit, the reverse delay circuit generates a low-level first control signal, under the action of the low-level first control signal, the first switch circuit is turned off, the logic control circuit controls the third switch circuit to be turned on, and the voltage stored in the second capacitor is discharged through the third switch circuit. In the discharging process of the second capacitor, in order to maintain the first switch circuit in a turn-off state, before the first control signal jumps from a low level to a high level, the second switch circuit is controlled to be turned off through the logic control circuit, so that the over-discharge voltage detection circuit does not work, namely, the lithium battery protection circuit does not consume current, when the voltages of the positive output end and the negative output end are equal, namely, the output voltage is pulled to be zero, the load does not consume current, and therefore the voltage of the lithium battery is ensured not to be reduced, and the voltage can be maintained at a stable voltage value for a long time. When the lithium battery is used again, the lithium battery can be normally used only by connecting the charger and activating the charger, and the lithium battery does not need to be charged for a long time, so that the use effect of a user is improved.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and based on the foregoing technical solution, referring to fig. 2, the first switch circuit 20 includes a first transistor M1, a first pole of the first transistor M1 is electrically connected to a negative electrode of a lithium battery, a second pole of the first transistor M1 is electrically connected to a negative output terminal P-of the lithium battery, and a first terminal F1 of the third switch circuit 80 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the lithium battery through a filter resistor RZ;
the logic control circuit 60 includes a first control circuit 601 and a second control circuit 602; the first input end a1 of the first control circuit 601 is electrically connected to the output end H2 of the overdischarge voltage detection circuit 50, the second input end a2 of the first control circuit 601 is electrically connected to the output end B2 of the inverse delay circuit 30, the output end a3 of the first control circuit 601 is electrically connected to the first input end B1 of the second control circuit 602 and the control end F3 of the third switch circuit 80, respectively, the second input end B2 of the second control circuit 602 is electrically connected to the second end F2 of the third switch circuit 80, and the output end B3 of the second control circuit 602 is electrically connected to the control end G3 of the second switch circuit 70.
Specifically, when the trigger circuit 10 outputs the high-level trigger signal CKS, the low-level first control signal VS1 is output after passing through the reverse delay circuit 30, the driving circuit 40 turns off the first switch circuit 20 under the action of the low-level first control signal VS1, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery is disconnected from the negative output terminal P-. Meanwhile, the first control circuit 601 controls the third switch circuit 80 to be turned on under the action of the first control signal VS1 at a low level, charges on the second capacitor C2 (load capacitor, including parasitic capacitor or non-parasitic capacitor) are discharged through the filter resistor RZ and the third switch circuit 80, and the voltage on the second capacitor C2 gradually decreases, that is, the third voltage V3 at the negative output terminal P-is pulled high. When the voltage (V2-V3) between the positive output end P + and the negative output end P-is less than the working voltage of the load, the control circuit in the load stops running, and the trigger circuit outputs a trigger signal CKS with low level. At this time, the reverse delay circuit 30 delays to output the high-level first control signal VS1, and in order to maintain the first switch circuit 20 in the off state, the second control circuit 602 needs to control the second switch circuit 70 to turn off under the action of the third voltage V3 at the negative output terminal P-before the reverse delay circuit 30 delays to output the high-level first control signal VS 1. Thereby making the overdischarge voltage detecting circuit 50 not operate and outputting the low level overdischarge control signal VFS to ensure that the driving circuit 40 controls the first switching circuit 20 to be always in the off state.
Further, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the foregoing technical solutions, the first control circuit 601 includes a first and gate U1, and the second control circuit 602 includes a first not gate U2 and a not gate U3;
a first input terminal of the first and gate U1 is electrically connected to the output terminal H2 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, a second input terminal of the first and gate U1 is electrically connected to the output terminal B2 of the inverse delay circuit 30, output terminals of the first and gate U1 are electrically connected to a first input terminal of the nor gate U3 and the control terminal F3 of the third switch circuit 80, respectively, a first terminal of the first not gate U2 is electrically connected to the second terminal F2 of the third switch circuit 80, a second terminal of the first not gate U2 is electrically connected to a second input terminal of the nor gate U3, and an output terminal of the nor gate U3 is electrically connected to the control terminal G3 of the second switch circuit 70.
Specifically, the first transistor M1 is an N-channel transistor, and the second switch circuit 70 and the third switch circuit 80 are both turned on at a low level. When the trigger signal CKS is at a low level, the first control signal VS1 output by the reverse delay circuit 30 is at a high level, and the driving circuit 40 controls the first transistor M1 to be turned on. Because the first control signal VS1 is at a high level, the control signal output by the first and gate U1 is completely controlled by the overdischarge control signal VFS, and the lithium battery protection circuit operates normally and does not enter the shipping mode.
When the triggering signal CKS is at a high level, the first control signal VS1 output by the reverse delay circuit 30 is at a low level, and the driving circuit 40 controls the first transistor M1 to turn off. Since the first control signal VS1 is at a low level, no matter the over-discharge control signal VFS is at a high level or a low level, the control signal output by the first and gate U1 is at a low level, the third switch circuit 80 is turned on under the action of the low-level control signal, and the second capacitor C2 discharges through the filter resistor RZ and the third switch circuit 80 until the second voltage V2 at the positive output terminal P + is equal to the third voltage V3 at the negative output terminal P-, at which time the load consumes no current at all. When the voltage difference (V2-V3) between the positive output terminal P + and the negative output terminal P-is less than the operating voltage of the load in the process that the third voltage V3 of the negative output terminal P-rises from the ground voltage VGND, the control circuit in the load stops operating, and the trigger circuit 10 outputs the trigger signal CKS at a low level. In order to keep the first transistor M1 turned off, before the triggering signal CKS transitions to a low level, the third voltage V3 at the negative output terminal P-is pulled high to a preset voltage, so that the first not gate U2 outputs a low level, since the level signals of the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the not gate U3 are both low levels, the not gate U3 outputs a high level, the second switch circuit 70 is turned off, the power supply voltage VCC is zero, the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 stops working, the over-discharge control signal VFS is a low level, and the driving circuit 40 controls the first transistor M1 to keep an off state. Thereafter, even if the triggering signal CKS is at a low level, the first transistor M1 is not turned on, thereby ensuring that the battery protection circuit does not consume current.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the second switch circuit 70 includes a second transistor M2, a first pole of the second transistor M2 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of a lithium battery through a filter resistor RZ, a second pole of the second transistor M2 is electrically connected to an input terminal H1 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, and a control terminal of the second transistor M2 is electrically connected to a first output terminal I3 of the logic control circuit 60.
The third switch circuit 80 includes a third transistor M3 and a first resistor R1; the control end of the third transistor M3 is electrically connected to the second output end I4 of the logic control circuit 60, the first pole of the third transistor M3 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through the filter resistor RZ, and the second pole of the third transistor M3 is electrically connected to the negative output end P-of the lithium battery through the first resistor R1.
Specifically, the lithium battery obtains a first voltage V1 through a filter resistor RZ, the first capacitor C1 is used for filtering, and the first electrodes of the second transistor M2 and the third transistor M3 are both connected to the first voltage V1. In the embodiment of the present invention, the second transistor M2 and the third transistor M3 are both P-channel transistors, and are turned on at a low level. The operation principle of the circuit structure shown in fig. 4 is the same as that of the circuit shown in fig. 3, and is not described again here.
Optionally, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, based on the above technical solutions, the reverse delay circuit 30 includes a fourth transistor M4, a fifth transistor M5, a sixth transistor M6, a seventh transistor M7, an eighth transistor M8, a second resistor R2, a delay circuit 310, and a second and gate U4;
the control end of the fourth transistor M4 is the input end B1 of the reverse delay circuit 30, the first pole of the fourth transistor M4 is electrically connected to the input end H1 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 through the second resistor R2, and the second pole of the fourth transistor M4 is electrically connected to the negative output end P-of the lithium battery;
a first pole of the fifth transistor M5 and a first pole of the seventh transistor M7 are electrically connected to the input terminal H1 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, a control terminal of the fifth transistor M5 and a control terminal of the sixth transistor M6 are electrically connected to a first pole of the fourth transistor M4, a second pole of the fifth transistor M5 is electrically connected to a first pole of the sixth transistor M6, a control terminal of the seventh transistor M7 and a control terminal of the eighth transistor M8, respectively, a second pole of the sixth transistor M6 and a second pole of the eighth transistor M8 are electrically connected to ground, and a first pole of the eighth transistor M8 is electrically connected to a second pole of the seventh transistor M7;
an input end of the delay circuit 310 is electrically connected to a first pole of the eighth transistor M8, an output end of the delay circuit 310 is electrically connected to a first input end of the second and gate U4, a second input end of the second and gate U4 is electrically connected to a first pole of the eighth transistor M8, and an output end of the second and gate U4 is electrically connected to the first control end D1 of the driving circuit 40.
Specifically, when the lithium battery normally works, the trigger signal CKS is at a low level, the fourth transistor M4 is turned off, the first electrode of the fourth transistor M4 is at a high level, so that the sixth transistor M6 is turned on, the ground voltage VGND pulls the level of the first electrode of the sixth transistor M6 low, the seventh transistor M7 is turned on, the second electrode of the seventh transistor M7 is at a high level under the action of the power supply voltage VCC, the first control signal VS1 output by the second and gate U4 is determined by the levels of the first input terminal and the second input terminal thereof, so that the second and gate U4 delays to output the first control signal VS1 at the high level under the action of the delay circuit 310. When the control trigger circuit 10 outputs the trigger signal CKS at a high level, the fourth transistor M4 is turned on, and since the second pole thereof is connected to the third voltage V3, the level at the first pole of the fourth transistor M4 varies with the variation of the third voltage V3. When the lithium battery normally works, the third voltage V3 at the negative output terminal P-of the lithium battery is equal to the ground voltage VGND, the level at the first pole of the fourth transistor M4 is low level, the fifth transistor M5 is turned on, and under the action of the power supply voltage VCC, the voltage at the second pole of the fifth transistor M5 is high level, so that the eighth transistor M8 is turned on, the level at the first pole of the eighth transistor M8 is low level, and the second and gate U4 directly outputs the first control signal VS1 with low level without the delay of the delay circuit 310. When the third voltage V3 rises to make the voltage between the positive output terminal P + and the negative output terminal P-be lower than the operating voltage of the load, the level at the first pole of the fourth transistor M4 is high, so that the sixth transistor M6 is turned on, the ground voltage VGND pulls the level of the first pole of the sixth transistor M6 low, the seventh transistor M7 is turned on, under the action of the power supply voltage VCC, the second pole of the seventh transistor M7 is high, the second and gate U4 delays to output the first control signal VS1 with high level, so as to ensure that the third voltage V3 is pulled up to the preset voltage within the delay time, so that the first not gate U2 can output low level, thereby maintaining the first transistor M1 in an off state, ensuring that the lithium battery protection circuit does not consume current, when the third voltage V3 is equal to the second voltage V2, the voltage difference between the positive output terminal P + and the negative output terminal P-is zero, and the load does not consume current, so that the lithium battery enters a shipping mode.
As another optional implementation manner provided by the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the first switch circuit 20 includes a first sub-transistor M11 and a second sub-transistor M12, a control terminal of the first sub-transistor M11 is electrically connected to the first output terminal D2 of the driving circuit 40, a control terminal of the second sub-transistor M12 is electrically connected to the second output terminal D4 of the driving circuit 40, a first pole of the first sub-transistor M11 is electrically connected to a negative pole of the lithium battery, a second pole of the first sub-transistor M11 is electrically connected to the first pole of the second sub-transistor M12, and a second pole of the second sub-transistor M12 is electrically connected to the negative output terminal P-of the lithium battery, based on the above technical solutions.
Specifically, the circuit structure shown in fig. 6 is a discrete protection circuit structure for a lithium battery, and the specific working principle thereof is the same as that of the circuit structure shown in fig. 4, and is not described herein again.
As another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the lithium battery protection circuit may also be an anode protection circuit. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another lithium battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4 and 7, based on the above technical solutions, a first end E2 of a first switch circuit 20 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of a lithium battery, a second end E3 of the first switch circuit 20 is electrically connected to a positive output end P + of the lithium battery, a first end F1 of a third switch circuit 80 is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the lithium battery, a second end F2 of the third switch circuit 80 is electrically connected to a second end E3 of the first switch circuit 20, and the reverse delay circuit 30 is replaced with a delay circuit 310.
Specifically, the circuit structure shown in fig. 7 is a positive protection circuit structure, and when the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 detects the over-discharge voltage, the over-discharge control signal VFS is output to control the driving circuit 40 to turn off the first switch circuit 20, so as to disconnect the connection between the positive electrode of the lithium battery and the positive output terminal P +, and the lithium battery enters the over-discharge voltage protection state.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 7, the logic control circuit 60 includes a nand gate U5 and a second not gate U6; a first input terminal of the nand gate U5 is electrically connected to the output terminal H2 of the over-voltage detection circuit 50, a second input terminal of the nand gate U5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second not gate U6, an input terminal of the second not gate U6 is electrically connected to the output terminal B2 of the delay circuit 310, and an output terminal of the nand gate U5 is electrically connected to the control terminal G3 of the second switch circuit 70 and the control terminal F3 of the third switch circuit 80, respectively.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the channel type of the third transistor M3 in the third switch circuit 80 is an N channel, and the channel type of the second transistor M2 in the second switch circuit 70 is a P channel. A third not gate U7 is connected between the second control terminal D3 of the driving circuit 40 and the output terminal H2 of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50, when the lithium battery is in the normal operation mode, the trigger signal CKS output by the trigger circuit 10 is at a low level, and the driving circuit 40 controls the first switch circuit 20 to be turned on under the action of the first control signal VS1 at the low level after the delay processing. When the system needs to enter a standby state or is not used for a long time, the trigger circuit 10 outputs a high-level trigger signal CKS, the high-level first control signal VS1 is output after passing through the delay circuit 310, the output end of the second not gate U6 outputs a low level under the action of the high-level first control signal VS1, the nand gate U5 outputs a high-level control signal, so that the second transistor M2 is turned off, the third transistor M3 is turned on, the internal voltage VCC is zero, the over-discharge voltage detection circuit 50 outputs a low-level over-discharge control signal VFS, the low-level over-discharge control signal VFS is changed into a high-level over-discharge control signal VFS after passing through the third not gate U7, and the driving circuit 40 controls the first switch circuit 20 to be turned off under the action of the high-level over-discharge control signal VFS. Since the third transistor M3 is turned on, the charge on the second capacitor C2 is discharged through the first resistor R1 and the third transistor M3. When the voltage (V2-V3) between the positive output terminal P + and the negative output terminal P-is less than the working voltage of the load, the control circuit in the load stops operating, and the trigger circuit 10 outputs the trigger signal CKS at a low level. The low level trigger signal CKS is changed to the low level first control signal VS1 through the delay circuit 310, but since the overdischarge control signal VFS is at a low level and at a high level through the third not gate U7, the first switch circuit 20 still maintains the off state, the nand gate U5 still outputs a high level, the second transistor M2 is not turned on, and the overdischarge voltage detection circuit 50 does not consume current. When the voltages of the positive output end P + and the negative output end P-are equal, namely the output voltage is pulled to be zero, the load can not consume current, so that the voltage of the lithium battery can not be reduced, and the voltage can be maintained at a stable voltage value for a long time. When the lithium battery is used again, the lithium battery can be normally used only by connecting the charger and activating the charger, and the lithium battery does not need to be charged for a long time, so that the use effect of a user is improved.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a lithium battery, including the lithium battery protection circuit provided in any embodiment of the present invention, so that the lithium battery provided in the embodiment of the present invention also has the beneficial effects described in any embodiment of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A lithium battery protection circuit, comprising: the trigger circuit, the first switch circuit, the reverse delay circuit, the drive circuit, the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the logic control circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit;
the first end of the trigger circuit is electrically connected with the positive output end of the lithium battery, the second end of the trigger circuit is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery, the control end of the trigger circuit is used for outputting a trigger signal to the input end of the reverse delay circuit, the reverse delay circuit is used for outputting a first control signal from the output end of the reverse delay circuit to the first control end of the drive circuit according to the trigger signal, and the first output end of the drive circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch circuit; the first end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery, the second end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, and the first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery through a filter resistor; or the first end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery, the second end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, and the first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the first end of the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery through a filter resistor, the second end of the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the logic control circuit and the second control end of the drive circuit, and the drive circuit is used for controlling the first switch circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the first control signal and the over-discharge control signal output by the over-discharge voltage detection circuit;
the second input end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the first output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit, the second output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the third switch circuit, and the logic control circuit is used for controlling the third switch circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the first control signal and the over-discharge control signal and controlling the second switch circuit to be switched off before the level of the first control signal is turned over.
2. The lithium battery protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch circuit comprises a first transistor, a first pole of the first transistor is electrically connected with a negative pole of the lithium battery, a second pole of the first transistor is electrically connected with a negative output end of the lithium battery, and a first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected with a positive pole of the lithium battery through the filter resistor;
the logic control circuit comprises a first control circuit and a second control circuit;
the first input end of the first control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the first control circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the output end of the first control circuit is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the second control circuit and the control end of the third switch circuit, the second input end of the second control circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, and the output end of the second control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit.
3. The lithium battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the first control circuit comprises a first AND gate, and the second control circuit comprises a first NOT gate and a NOT gate;
the first input end of the first AND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the first AND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the reverse delay circuit, the output end of the first AND gate is respectively electrically connected with the first input end of the NOR gate and the control end of the third switch circuit, the first end of the first NOT gate is electrically connected with the second end of the third switch circuit, the second end of the first NOT gate is electrically connected with the second input end of the NOR gate, and the output end of the NOR gate is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit.
4. The lithium battery protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second switch circuit comprises a second transistor, a first pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery through the filter resistor, a second pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, and a control terminal of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the logic control circuit.
5. The lithium battery protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the third switch circuit includes a third transistor and a first resistor;
the control end of the third transistor is electrically connected with the second output end of the logic control circuit, the first pole of the third transistor is electrically connected with the positive pole of the lithium battery through the filter resistor, and the second pole of the third transistor is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery through the first resistor.
6. The lithium battery protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the reverse delay circuit comprises a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a second resistor, a delay circuit and a second and gate;
the control end of the fourth transistor is the input end of the reverse delay circuit, the first pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit through the second resistor, and the second pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the negative output end of the lithium battery;
a first electrode of the fifth transistor and a first electrode of the seventh transistor are both electrically connected with the input end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, a control end of the fifth transistor and a control end of the sixth transistor are both electrically connected with a first electrode of the fourth transistor, a second electrode of the fifth transistor is respectively electrically connected with the first electrode of the sixth transistor, the control end of the seventh transistor and a control end of the eighth transistor, a second electrode of the sixth transistor and a second electrode of the eighth transistor are both grounded, and a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected with a second electrode of the seventh transistor;
the input end of the delay circuit is electrically connected with the first pole of the eighth transistor, the output end of the delay circuit is electrically connected with the first input end of the second AND gate, the second input end of the second AND gate is electrically connected with the first pole of the eighth transistor, and the output end of the second AND gate is electrically connected with the first control end of the driving circuit.
7. The lithium battery protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch circuit comprises a first sub-transistor and a second sub-transistor, a control terminal of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to a first output terminal of the driving circuit, a control terminal of the second sub-transistor is electrically connected to a second output terminal of the driving circuit, a first pole of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to a negative pole of the lithium battery, a second pole of the first sub-transistor is electrically connected to a first pole of the second sub-transistor, and a second pole of the second sub-transistor is electrically connected to a negative output terminal of the lithium battery.
8. The lithium battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein a first end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the lithium battery, a second end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to a positive output terminal of the lithium battery, a first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the lithium battery, a second end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to a second end of the first switch circuit, and the reverse delay circuit is replaced with a delay circuit.
9. The lithium battery protection circuit of claim 8, wherein the logic control circuit comprises a nand gate and a second not gate;
the first input end of the NAND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the over-discharge voltage detection circuit, the second input end of the NAND gate is electrically connected with the output end of the second NOT gate, the input end of the second NOT gate is electrically connected with the output end of the delay circuit, and the output ends of the NAND gate are respectively electrically connected with the control end of the second switch circuit and the control end of the third switch circuit.
10. A lithium battery comprising a lithium battery protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN114530914B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-03-14 | 苏州赛芯电子科技股份有限公司 | Battery protection system and lithium battery |
| CN115882429B (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2024-02-02 | 苏州赛芯电子科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent protection circuit and battery system |
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| JP2006020482A (en) * | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-19 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Battery protecting circuit |
| CN103904698A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-07-02 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Battery unit, terminal equipment and battery unit configuration method |
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