CN112259640A - Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell - Google Patents

Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112259640A
CN112259640A CN202011137589.1A CN202011137589A CN112259640A CN 112259640 A CN112259640 A CN 112259640A CN 202011137589 A CN202011137589 A CN 202011137589A CN 112259640 A CN112259640 A CN 112259640A
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China
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printing
printed
heating module
cell
solar cell
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上官泉元
贾云涛
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CHANGZHOU BITAI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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CHANGZHOU BITAI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • H01L31/1864Annealing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing silver wires from diffusing after printing electrodes on a solar cell, which comprises the following steps: s1, transferring the battery piece subjected to screen printing of silver lines to a discharging belt; s2, rapidly heating the battery piece on the discharge belt through the first rapid heating module to rapidly heat and volatilize the organic solvent in the silver paste; and S3, entering a conventional drying process through the battery piece heated by the first quick heating module. The invention uses focused high-power line light source such as laser line light source, infrared light and visible light for heating, so that the diffusion of solvent on the surface of the cell can be greatly reduced after the silicon chip passes through the light source, the width of silver lines is effectively reduced, and the cell efficiency is improved by 0.2-0.5%. The invention is suitable for all solar cells which form grid lines by printing silver paste, in particular for Heterojunction (HIT) cells which use low-temperature solidified silver paste.

Description

Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a device and a method for preventing silver wires from diffusing after printing electrodes on a solar cell.
Background
Photovoltaic power generation has become a technology that can replace fossil energy, relying on the ever-decreasing production costs and the increase in photoelectric conversion efficiency in recent years. Solar cells can be roughly classified into two types according to the material of the photovoltaic cell sheet: one is a crystalline silicon solar cell, including a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell; the other type is a thin film solar cell, which mainly comprises an amorphous silicon solar cell, a cadmium telluride solar cell, a copper indium gallium selenide solar cell and the like. At present, crystalline silicon solar cells using high-purity silicon materials as main raw materials are mainstream products, and account for more than 80%.
The method for manufacturing the crystalline silicon cell in the photovoltaic power generation industry at present needs to manufacture a silver conductive metal electrode on the front surface of the cell by a screen printing method, after the screen printing of a silver lead is completed, the cell piece needs to be sent to 150-250 ℃ for drying for 2-10 minutes, a solvent in the cell piece is volatilized, then, the curing or sintering is completed at higher temperature, and at this time, the silver paste printed on the surface of the cell piece becomes the conductive electrode (silver lead) with the conductive function. The silver electrodes are of two types: a fine gate and a main gate. Their function is: 1) the electrons generated by the cell pieces under illumination are collected on the surface of the cell through the fine grids which are densely distributed, 2) the current on the fine grids is gathered on the main grids through the main grids which are distributed perpendicular to the fine grids, and the copper conducting wires are welded on the main grids and led out to an external circuit, so that the photogeneration of the crystalline silicon cell is realized, and the crystalline silicon cell is used for the human society.
The silver electrode for manufacturing the fine grid and the main grid needs to print silver paste (glue) on a battery piece by a printing method, in order to enable the battery piece to have printing characteristics, the components of the silver paste (glue) contain a plurality of organic solvents, the organic solvents have strong wettability on the suede of a micrometer structure on the surface of the silicon piece, after the printing is completed, the organic solvents can quickly infiltrate and diffuse on the surface of the silicon piece under the action of capillary effect, for example, the silver paste (glue) used in the industry at present, under the action of capillary effect, for a silver wire with a printing line width of 30 micrometers, the organic solvents can infiltrate and diffuse on two sides of the silver wire to reach a diffusion zone of 800 micrometers, and meanwhile, the diffusion of silver particles can be promoted in the diffusion process of the solvents, so that the root of the conductive electrode is. Also, some independent silver particles which are not connected with the conductive electrode are generated to be light-shielding objects to prevent light from entering the cell. (see FIG. 1 for microscopic surface comparison before uncontamination and FIG. 2 for microscopic surface comparison, respectively).
Generally, in the current common method, a printed silicon wafer is sent into an oven to be dried, and for high-temperature silver paste suitable for PERC and TOPCon batteries, the drying temperature reaches about 250 ℃, and the high-temperature silver paste can be dried in about 1 minute. For the HIT battery, only low-temperature silver paste can be used, the drying temperature is usually 150 ℃, and the drying time is 5-10 minutes. In either method, the current method cannot overcome the diffusion of the solvent on the surface of the cell, so that a solvent diffusion band is formed, and the width of the silver line is 5-10 μm larger than that of the actual printed line. In particular, in the case of an HIT cell requiring relatively low-temperature drying, the diffusion band contamination of the organic solvent on the surface of one cell sheet accounts for 60% or more of the total area of the silicon wafer. The existence of the phenomenon of organic solvent on the surface of the polluted silicon wafer and the widening of the line width of the silver wire can influence the effect of the battery on fully receiving the sunlight, and are not beneficial to the photoelectric conversion performance of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for preventing a solvent and a silver wire from diffusing after an electrode is printed on a solar cell, which comprises a first quick heating module, wherein the first quick heating module is correspondingly arranged on a printed discharge belt and is positioned between the discharge end of a printing table and a conventional drying device for quickly heating a printed cell, so that the solvent on the surface is quickly volatilized and is not diffused to other positions of the silicon wafer.
The method can effectively evaporate the solvent in the diffusion process by quickly passing the printed silicon wafer into the heating zone (about 1 second) and maintaining the temperature in the heating zone for 3-5 seconds, wherein the temperature of the silicon wafer can reach about 150-.
Based on the device for preventing the silver wire from diffusing after the electrode is printed on the solar cell, the invention provides a method for preventing the silver wire from diffusing after the electrode is printed on the solar cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, battery pieces loaded to a printing table through a feeding belt are transferred to a discharging belt at a discharging end of the printing table after silver lines are printed on the battery pieces through a screen printing;
s2, continuously and rapidly heating the printed battery piece on the discharging belt through the rapid heating module when the printed battery piece passes through the rapid heating module on the discharging belt at a constant speed;
and S3, the printed battery piece is subjected to rapid heating of the rapid heating module I and then enters a conventional drying process.
In S2, the speed of the printed battery piece passing through the rapid heating module is 100-500 mm/S.
In S2, the temperature of the printed battery piece is raised to be higher than 150 ℃ within 1-2 seconds of the first quick heating module.
In S2, the printed battery piece is operated in the first rapid heating module for no more than 10 seconds.
In step S2, in the first rapid heating module, the heat source adopts a plurality of lamps arranged in parallel in the advancing direction of the printed battery pieces, the arrangement length of the lamps is 100 mm and 1000mm, and the width of the lamps is not less than the width of the printed battery pieces.
In the step S2, a focusing light heat source is adopted in the first quick heating module, and the light heat source is concentrated into a linear heat source through the focusing module so as to quickly heat and raise the temperature of the printed battery piece; and the printed battery piece is continuously heated by a plurality of parallel focused light heat sources.
Further, before the step S2, a second rapid heating module corresponding to the printed battery piece is further disposed on the printing table in S1, so as to preheat the printed battery piece before the rapid heating is performed by the first rapid heating module.
The invention also provides solar cell printing equipment which comprises a printer, wherein the printer is connected with the device for preventing the silver wires from diffusing after the solar cell printing electrodes are connected.
The invention also provides a battery piece which is manufactured on the basis of the solar battery printing equipment.
The invention also provides a solar cell which is any one of HIT, TOPCon and PERC and is prepared on the basis of the cell slice.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is suitable for all batteries with grid lines formed by silver paste printing, including PERC, TOPCon, HIT and the like, and is especially suitable for HIT batteries;
2. the silicon wafer is heated by using a focused high-power line light heat source, such as a laser line light source, infrared light and visible light, so that the silicon wafer reaches the high temperature of about 150-200 ℃ within 1-2 seconds, and the drying time is not more than 10 seconds, thus the rapid drying can be completed, the diffusion of a solvent on the surface of the cell is greatly reduced, the width of a silver line is effectively reduced, and the cell efficiency is improved by 0.2-0.5%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a microscopic view of the surface of a cell piece that has not been contaminated under an electron microscope;
FIG. 2 is a microscopic view of the surface of a cell piece after being contaminated under an electron microscope;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figures in the drawings represent: 10. a feed zone; 20. a battery piece; 30. a printing turntable; 31. a feeding station; 32. a printing station; 33. a discharge station; 34. transferring stations; 40. a second quick heating module; 50. a first quick heating module; 60. and (6) discharging the material belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides a device for preventing silver wire diffusion after printing an electrode on a solar cell, including a printing module and a first rapid heating module 50, wherein the first rapid heating module 50 is correspondingly disposed above a discharging belt 60 and located at a discharging end of the printing module for rapidly heating a cell 40 printed on the discharging end; the printing module may be of a rotating disc structure or a linear structure, for example, the printing module of the rotating disc structure shown in fig. 3 is taken as an example in this embodiment, and the printing turntable 30 includes a feeding station 31 corresponding to the feeding belt 10, a printing station 32 corresponding to the printing machine, a discharging station 33 corresponding to the discharging belt 60, and a turnover station 34 before charging after discharging.
Based on the device shown in fig. 3, the invention provides a method for preventing silver wires from diffusing after printing electrodes on a solar cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, after being fed to a feeding station 31 through a feeding belt 10, the battery piece 20 is printed with silver wires through a screen printing on a printing station 32 and then transferred to a discharging station 33, and the battery piece 20 is discharged to a discharging belt 60 at the discharging station 33;
s2, rapidly heating the battery piece 20 which enters the discharging belt 60 and advances at a constant speed through a rapid heating module I50 which is arranged corresponding to the discharging belt 60 so as to rapidly heat and volatilize an organic solvent in the silver paste, and then enabling the printed silicon chip to enter a conventional drying procedure (or extending the rapid heating module I50 and gradually reducing the heating power at the rear section so as to realize the integration of rapid drying and conventional drying, so that a conventional drying device is not required to be independently arranged, or directly completing the drying of the printed battery piece 20 by prolonging the heating time of the rapid heating module I50, wherein the specific limitation is not required); in the first rapid heating module 50, a light heat source adopts a plurality of lamp tubes which are arranged in parallel in the advancing direction of the printed battery piece 20, the arrangement length of the lamp tubes is 100 mm and 1000mm, and the width of the lamp tubes is not less than the width of the printed battery piece 20; the feeding end of the first quick heating module 50 is also provided with a light condensing module corresponding to a light heat source, light corresponding to the feeding end is concentrated into a linear heat source through the light condensing module so that the printed battery piece 20 corresponding to the feeding end is heated and warmed quickly, and the rear end of the feeding end of the first quick heating module 50 is heated by a surface heat source; alternatively, the arrangement of a plurality of parallel light collecting modules is not particularly limited, and may be a system for improving heating efficiency by heating the cell sheet 20 with a continuous line heat source.
Wherein the speed of the printed battery piece 20 passing through the first rapid heating module 50 is 100-; meanwhile, in order to provide heating efficiency, the temperature of the printed battery piece 20 is raised to be more than 150 ℃ within 1-2 seconds in the second rapid heating module 40 and the first rapid heating module 50, and the heating time is not more than 10 seconds.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the rapid heating module II 40 is further included, the rapid heating module II 40 is correspondingly arranged above the discharging station 33 of the printing turntable 30, the battery piece 20 which is fed to the feeding station 31 through the feeding belt 10 is transferred to the discharging station 33 through the screen printing of silver wires on the printing station 32, the battery piece 20 on the discharging station 33 is rapidly heated through the rapid heating module II 40 in the discharging station 33, and then the battery piece 20 is discharged to the discharging belt 60 in the discharging station 33; in order to ensure that the temperature of the feeding station 31 of the silicon wafer before printing cannot exceed 25 ℃, a cooling module is correspondingly arranged at the turnover station 34 of the printing turntable 30, and the cooling module can be in a blowing mode or a water cooling mode.
The invention is suitable for all batteries with grid lines formed by silver paste printing, including PERC, TOPCon, HIT and the like, and is especially suitable for HIT batteries; by using a focused high-power line light source such as a laser line light source, infrared light and visible light for heating, the silicon wafer reaches the high temperature of about 150-.
Various modifications to the above-described embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a device for preventing silver wire diffusion behind solar cell printing electrode which characterized in that, includes quick heating module one, quick heating module one corresponds the setting on the ejection of compact area and is located between printing platform discharge end and the conventional drying device in order to be used for the rapid heating of printing back battery piece.
2. A method for preventing silver wire diffusion after printing an electrode on a solar cell, which is based on the device of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, battery pieces loaded to a printing table through a feeding belt are transferred to a discharging belt at a discharging end of the printing table after silver lines are printed on the battery pieces through a screen printing;
s2, continuously and rapidly heating the printed battery piece on the discharging belt through the rapid heating module when the printed battery piece passes through the rapid heating module on the discharging belt at a constant speed;
and S3, the printed battery piece is subjected to rapid heating of the rapid heating module I and then enters a conventional drying process.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the speed of the printed cell after passing through the rapid heating module is 500mm/S in S2.
4. The method for preventing silver wire diffusion after printing electrode on solar cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein in S2, the temperature of the printed cell sheet is raised to 150 ℃ or higher within 1-2 seconds of the rapid heating module.
5. The method for preventing silver wire diffusion after printing electrode on solar cell of claim 2, wherein in S2, the time of the printed cell sheet in the first rapid heating module is not more than 10 seconds.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the heat source is a plurality of lamps disposed in parallel in the advancing direction of the printed cell, the arrangement length of the lamps is 100 mm and 1000mm, and the width of the lamps is not less than the width of the printed cell.
7. The method for preventing silver wire diffusion after electrode printing of solar cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein in S2, a focused light heat source is used in the first rapid heating module, and the light heat source is concentrated by the light focusing module to form a linear heat source so as to rapidly heat and raise the temperature of the printed cell; and the printed battery piece is continuously heated by a plurality of parallel focused light heat sources.
8. A solar cell printing apparatus comprising a printing press, wherein the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7 is attached to the printing press.
9. A battery plate manufactured by the solar cell printing apparatus according to claim 8.
10. A solar cell characterized by being any one of HIT, TOPCon, and PERC and prepared based on the cell sheet of claim 9.
CN202011137589.1A 2020-10-22 2020-10-22 Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell Pending CN112259640A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011137589.1A CN112259640A (en) 2020-10-22 2020-10-22 Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011137589.1A CN112259640A (en) 2020-10-22 2020-10-22 Device and method for preventing silver wire from diffusing after electrode printing of solar cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112259640A true CN112259640A (en) 2021-01-22

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