CN112258920A

CN112258920A - Simulation training device for simulating arteriovenous internal fistula puncture of hemodialysis patient

Info

Publication number: CN112258920A
Application number: CN202011257702.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 强河山; 万启军; 许海丹; 刘琛; 魏国艳; 苗永亮; 强富邦; 张宴臻; 董鲁圳
Original assignee: Shenzhen Second Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Shenzhen Second Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2020-11-12
Filing date: 2020-11-12
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-12
Also published as: CN112258920B

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulated hemodialysis patient arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer which comprises a base and a placing plate, wherein a protective shell is fixedly connected below the base, a water tank is fixedly connected above the base, a variable frequency water pump is fixedly connected inside the protective shell, steering wheels are arranged on the left side and the right side of the protective shell, a water inlet is fixedly connected on the left side of the base, a water outlet is fixedly connected on the right side of the base, a filter screen is arranged inside the water tank, a supporting block is arranged below the filter screen, and a fixed block is arranged above the filter screen. This simulation hemodialysis patient arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation training ware compares with current ordinary puncture simulation training ware, is convenient for fix anomalous emulation limbs when using, is difficult to cause the stationary object inaccurate during the use to be convenient for adjust light, simultaneously can be fine report to the police to the operation, improved training efficiency.

Description

Simulation training device for simulating arteriovenous internal fistula puncture of hemodialysis patient

Technical Field

The invention relates to a simulation trainer for simulating arteriovenous internal fistula puncture of a hemodialysis patient.

Background

Hemodialysis treatment is carried out on a hemodialysis patient two to three times a week, blood is led out from an arteriovenous fistula every time to carry out extracorporeal circulation, the blood enters a dialyzer through a blood path pipe, ion exchange is carried out in the modes of dispersion, convection and the like by means of a dialyzer semipermeable membrane, vivotoxin is removed, redundant moisture is removed, and the blood is returned to the body through the arteriovenous fistula.

But present puncture analogue means, the fidelity is not high, and be not convenient for fix anomalous emulation limbs when using, cause the stationary object inaccurate easily during the use, and be not convenient for adjust light, the relation of the change trend and mutual restriction of blood flow volume, arteriovenous pressure, transmembrane pressure (dislysate flow) after the different internal fistula puncture of response that can not be accurate in the dialysis in-process, simultaneously can not be very good report to the police to the operation, training efficiency has been reduced, can not be fine satisfy hemodialysis nursing staff actual operation training demand.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, prepare various typical internal fistulas (normal internal fistulas, internal narrow internal fistulas and embolism internal fistulas), relatively and accurately master the change trends of blood flow, arteriovenous pressure and transmembrane pressure and the mutual restriction relationship under different puncture conditions, correct incorrect puncture positions and puncture modes in time, accurately master the current situation of the internal fistulas of patients, and select the optimal puncture mode, the optimal blood flow and the optimal dialysate flow.

General simulation training ware is not convenient for fix anomalous emulation limbs when using, causes the thing of deciding inaccurately easily during the use to be not convenient for adjust light, can not fine simultaneously report to the police to the maloperation, reduced training efficiency, the defect of satisfying people's user demand that can not be fine provides a simulation hemodialysis patient internal arteriovenous fistula puncture simulation training ware.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a puncture simulation trainer for arteriovenous internal fistula of a simulated hemodialysis patient, which comprises a plurality of typical internal fistulas (normal internal fistula, internal narrow internal fistula and plug-type internal fistula) which can be interchanged at will, a base and a placing plate, wherein a protective shell is fixedly connected below the base, a water tank is fixedly connected above the base, a variable frequency water pump is fixedly connected inside the protective shell, steering wheels are arranged on the left side and the right side of the protective shell, a water inlet is fixedly connected on the left side of the base, a water outlet is fixedly connected on the right side of the base, a filter screen is arranged inside the water tank, a supporting block is arranged below the filter screen, a fixed block is arranged above the filter screen, a screw rod is connected with the internal thread of the fixed block, a first fixed plate is fixedly connected above the placing plate, the placing plate is positioned above the water tank, and a fixed pin is connected with the, and the rear end fixedly connected with rubber head of fixed pin, the rear end of rubber head is provided with emulation limb, and the rear end of emulation limb is provided with the second fixed plate, the inside of emulation limb is provided with emulation blood vessel, and emulational blood vessel's top is provided with pressure sensor, pressure sensor's top is provided with the connecting pipe, and the top of connecting pipe is provided with crossover sub, the exit end of connecting pipe is provided with flow sensor, the left and right sides of placing the board is provided with the hydraulic pressure bracing piece, and the right side of hydraulic pressure bracing piece is provided with the light, the top fixedly connected with roof of hydraulic pressure bracing piece, and the top fixedly connected with fixing base of roof, the top swing joint of fixing base has the alarm lamp, and the equal fixedly connected with draw-in groove in the left and right sides.

Preferably, the screw rod penetrates through the inside of the fixing block, the horizontal line of the fixing block is parallel to the horizontal line of the supporting block, and the lower surface of the screw rod is tightly attached to the upper surface of the filter screen.

Preferably, the horizontal line of the first fixing plate is parallel to the horizontal line of the second fixing plate, and the connecting pipe penetrates through the second fixing plate.

Preferably, the fixing pin runs through in the inside of first fixed plate, and coincides between the axis of fixing pin and the axis of rubber head mutually to the fixing pin is the equidistance form and distributes in the inside of first fixed plate.

Preferably, the central axis of the hydraulic support rod is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate, the illuminating lamps are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the lower portion of the top plate, and the horizontal line of the top plate is parallel to the horizontal line of the placement plate.

Preferably, the alarm lamp passes through to constitute sliding construction between fixture block and the draw-in groove, and is identical between the outside dimension of fixture block and the inside dimension of draw-in groove to the fixture block is the symmetrical form and distributes in the left and right sides of alarm lamp.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the filter screen can filter the recycled water, prevent the blockage of the variable frequency water pump when in reuse, and the filter screen is fixedly connected with the screw rod through the fixing block, so that the simple and convenient installation and disassembly of the filter screen can be realized, the operation difficulty of a user in replacing or cleaning the filter screen is reduced, meanwhile, the connecting pipe can be fixedly connected through the adapter, the adapter can be externally connected with a hemodialyzer and a hemodialyzer according to the requirements of the user, the blood pressure, the pulse, the blood flow, the arteriovenous pressure and the transmembrane pressure of a simulated human body can be monitored through related instruments and equipment, the simulated blood pressure and the blood flow can be adjusted through the simulation control device, wherein the variable frequency water pump can adjust and control the simulated blood liquid flow (pressure), and a liquid path flow sensor is configured, and the invasive (simulated) blood flow can be monitored, solves the defect that the actual (invasive) blood flow of the patient can not be monitored in the running process of the hemodialysis machine.

2. The cooperation of fixed pin and first fixed plate can be fixed it according to the external dimension of emulation limbs, can fix anomalous emulation limbs, the person's of training of being convenient for operation to the fixed pin is equidistance form and distributes in the inside of first fixed plate, guarantees the homogeneity of stationary force, and the hydraulic pressure bracing piece can highly change the roof simultaneously, thereby can change the height of light, and convenient to use person adjusts light, has increased the flexibility of device.

3. The alarm lamp can report to the police to pressure sensor's threshold value, can be timely remind it when the training person is with excessive strength or puncture position mistake, be convenient for correct the maloperation, improved training efficiency, the alarm lamp carries out fixed connection through the cooperation of fixture block and draw-in groove simultaneously for the alarm lamp can be simple convenient dismantle it, improved maintenance efficiency, can be fine satisfy people's user demand.

4. When an operator performs arteriovenous puncture, according to the pressure change (arteriovenous pressure and transmembrane pressure) reflected on the dialysis machine and the change value of the blood pressure simulation chart of the matching simulation trainer, the wrong position alarm and the like:

(1) the blood flow condition (blood flow volume) of the internal fistula and the change trend of each monitoring pressure value interval can be mastered, so that an operator can be helped to accurately judge the accuracy of the puncture point, and the internal fistula of the patient is protected to the maximum extent;

(2) the blood flow and the interval variation trend of each monitored pressure value under various special conditions in the internal fistula can be mastered, an operator is helped to accurately master the puncture characteristics of different internal fistulas and special internal fistulas, and the dialysis quality is improved;

(3) the pressure monitoring device can distinguish the monitoring pressure change trend caused by a correct puncture mode and an incorrect puncture mode, and correct the incorrect puncture point in time.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional structural schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 1 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a protective shell; 3. a water tank; 4. a variable frequency water pump; 5. a steering wheel; 6. a water inlet; 7. a water outlet; 8. a filter screen; 9. a support block; 10. a fixed block; 11. a screw; 12. placing the plate; 13. a first fixing plate; 14. a fixing pin; 15. a rubber head; 16. simulating limbs; 17. a second fixing plate; 18. simulating a blood vessel; 19. a pressure sensor; 20. a connecting pipe; 21. a crossover sub; 22. a hydraulic support rod; 23. an illuminating lamp; 24. a top plate; 25. a fixed seat; 26. an alarm lamp; 27. a card slot; 28. a clamping block; 29. a flow sensor.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, a simulated hemodialysis patient arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulator comprises a base 1 and a placing plate 12, wherein a protective shell 2 is fixedly connected below the base 1, a water tank 3 is fixedly connected above the base 1, a variable frequency water pump 4 is fixedly connected inside the protective shell 2, steering wheels 5 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the protective shell 2, a water inlet 6 is fixedly connected on the left side of the base 1, a water outlet 7 is fixedly connected on the right side of the base 1, a filter screen 8 is arranged inside the water tank 3, a supporting block 9 is arranged below the filter screen 8, a fixed block 10 is arranged above the filter screen 8, a screw rod 11 is connected with the inner thread of the fixed block 10, the screw rod 11 penetrates through the inside of the fixed block 10, the horizontal line of the fixed block 10 is parallel to the horizontal line of the supporting block 9, and the lower surface of the screw rod 11 is tightly attached to, the filter screen 8 can filter the water of retrieving, cause the jam of frequency conversion water pump 4 when preventing reuse, and the filter screen 8 is connected fixedly through fixed block 10 and screw rod 11, make can realize carrying out simple convenient installation and dismantlement to the filter screen 8, the operation degree of difficulty when having reduced the user and having changed or washd filter screen 8, place the first fixed plate 13 of top fixedly connected with of board 12, and place board 12 and be located the top of water tank 3, parallel between the level line of first fixed plate 13 and the level line of second fixed plate 17, and connecting pipe 20 runs through the inside of second fixed plate 17, connecting pipe 20 can be connected fixedly through crossover sub 21 simultaneously, and crossover sub 21 can be according to user's requirement external hemodialysis ware and hemodialysis machine, can be through relevant instrument, human trunk blood pressure of equipment monitoring simulation, the blood pressure of the human body, the utility model is used for the, Pulse, blood flow, arteriovenous pressure and transmembrane pressure, and the simulated blood pressure and blood flow can be adjusted through the simulation control device;

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixing pin 14 is connected to the inner thread of the first fixing plate 13, a rubber head 15 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the fixing pin 14, the fixing pin 14 penetrates through the inner portion of the first fixing plate 13, the central axis of the fixing pin 14 coincides with the central axis of the rubber head 15, the fixing pins 14 are equidistantly distributed in the inner portion of the first fixing plate 13, the fixing pin 14 and the first fixing plate 13 can be matched to fix the artificial limb 16 according to the external dimension of the artificial limb 16, the irregular artificial limb 16 can be fixed, the operation of a trainer is facilitated, the fixing pins 14 are equidistantly distributed in the inner portion of the first fixing plate 13, the uniformity of the fixing force is ensured, the artificial limb 16 is arranged at the rear end of the rubber head 15, the second fixing plate 17 is arranged at the rear end of the artificial limb 16, an artificial blood vessel 18 is arranged in the artificial limb 16, and a pressure sensor 19 is, a connecting pipe 20 is arranged above the pressure sensor 19, a conversion joint 21 is arranged above the connecting pipe 20, a flow sensor 29 is arranged at the outlet end of the connecting pipe 20, hydraulic support rods 22 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the placing plate 12, illuminating lamps 23 are arranged on the right side of the hydraulic support rods 22, the central axis of each hydraulic support rod 22 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate 24, the illuminating lamps 23 are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side below the top plate 24, the horizontal line of the top plate 24 is parallel to the horizontal line of the placing plate 12, and meanwhile, the hydraulic support rods 22 can change the height of the top plate 24, so that the height of the illuminating lamps 23 can be changed, a user can adjust light conveniently, and;

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a top plate 24 is fixedly connected above the hydraulic support rod 22, a fixing seat 25 is fixedly connected above the top plate 24, an alarm lamp 26 is movably connected above the fixing seat 25, clamping grooves 27 are fixedly connected on both left and right sides of the alarm lamp 26, the alarm lamp 26 forms a sliding structure through the clamping blocks 28 and the clamping grooves 27, the outer dimension of the clamping blocks 28 is matched with the inner dimension of the clamping grooves 27, the clamping blocks 28 are symmetrically distributed on both left and right sides of the alarm lamp 26, the alarm lamp 26 can alarm the threshold value of the pressure sensor 19, when a trainer is over-stressed, the trainer can timely remind the trainer, the error operation can be corrected conveniently, the training efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the alarm lamp 26 is fixedly connected through the matching of the clamping blocks 28 and the clamping grooves 27, so that the alarm lamp 26 can be simply and conveniently detached, the maintenance efficiency is improved, the use requirements of people can be well met, and the clamping block 28 is connected to the inner portion of the clamping groove 27 in a clamping mode.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, the trainer moves to a training area through a steering wheel 5, then the simulated limb 16 is placed between a first fixing plate 13 and a second fixing plate 17, then a fixing pin 14 is rotated, the fixing pin 14 performs threaded motion in the first fixing plate 13, so that the simulated limb 16 can be fixed, the positioning inaccuracy caused by the movement of the simulated limb 16 in the operation process is avoided, the fixing pin 14 can meet the fixing requirement of the irregular simulated limb 16 and can well meet the using requirement of people, meanwhile, a rubber head 15 at the upper end of the fixing pin 14 can protect the simulated limb 16 from being damaged on one hand and can increase the friction force between the fixed simulated limb 16 on the other hand, so that the fixing is more firm, one end of a connecting pipe 20 can be connected with the simulated blood vessel 18 after the fixing is finished, and the other end of the connecting pipe 20 is connected with a variable frequency water pump 4 (type: IHG-12), after the connection is finished, the hydraulic support rod 22 (model: NX 6600-16) is adjusted, the hydraulic support rod 22 stretches and retracts to drive the top plate 24 to change the height, so that the height of the lighting lamp 23 can be changed, light can be adjusted, after the adjustment is finished, the variable frequency water pump 4 is started, the variable frequency water pump 4 pumps water through the water tank 3 and enters the connecting pipe 20 through the water outlet 7, water in the connecting pipe 20 enters the simulated blood vessel 18, the simulated blood vessel 18 is filled up, operation of a trainer is facilitated, meanwhile, the water enters the water inlet 6 through the simulated blood vessel 18 and is finally recycled into the water tank 3 again, recycling of the water can be achieved, the entering water is filtered by the filter screen 8, influence on the variable frequency water pump 4 caused by residual impurities all the time is avoided, when the trainer exerts strength during operation, the pressure sensor 19 (model: PCM 301) transmits data exceeding a threshold value to the alarm lamp 26 (model: BT 6-XD), the alarm can be given to the user, the user can be reminded in time, the error operation can be corrected conveniently, and the training efficiency is improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a simulation hemodialysis patient arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation training ware, includes base (1) and places board (12), its characterized in that: the water tank is characterized in that a protective shell (2) is fixedly connected below the base (1), a water tank (3) is fixedly connected above the base (1), a variable frequency water pump (4) is fixedly connected inside the protective shell (2), steering wheels (5) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the protective shell (2), a water inlet (6) is fixedly connected on the left side of the base (1), a water outlet (7) is fixedly connected on the right side of the base (1), a filter screen (8) is arranged inside the water tank (3), a supporting block (9) is arranged below the filter screen (8), a fixed block (10) is arranged above the filter screen (8), a screw rod (11) is connected with the inner thread of the fixed block (10), a first fixed plate (13) is fixedly connected above the placing plate (12), and the placing plate (12) is positioned above the water tank (3), the inner thread of the first fixing plate (13) is connected with a fixing pin (14), the rear end of the fixing pin (14) is fixedly connected with a rubber head (15), the rear end of the rubber head (15) is provided with an artificial limb (16), the rear end of the artificial limb (16) is provided with a second fixing plate (17), the inner part of the artificial limb (16) is provided with an artificial blood vessel (18), a pressure sensor (19) is arranged above the artificial blood vessel (18), a connecting pipe (20) is arranged above the pressure sensor (19), a conversion joint (21) is arranged above the connecting pipe (20), an outlet end of the connecting pipe (20) is provided with a flow sensor (29), the left side and the right side of the placing plate (12) are provided with hydraulic supporting rods (22), the right side of the hydraulic supporting rods (22) is provided with a lighting lamp (23), and the top of the hydraulic supporting rods (22) is fixedly connected, and the top fixedly connected with fixing base (25) of roof (24), the top swing joint of fixing base (25) has alarm lamp (26), and the equal fixedly connected with draw-in groove (27) of the left and right sides of alarm lamp (26), the inside block of draw-in groove (27) is connected with fixture block (28).

2. The arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer of the simulated hemodialysis patient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the screw rod (11) penetrates through the inside of the fixing block (10), the horizontal line of the fixing block (10) is parallel to the horizontal line of the supporting block (9), and the lower surface of the screw rod (11) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the filter screen (8).

3. The arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer of the simulated hemodialysis patient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the horizontal line of the first fixing plate (13) is parallel to the horizontal line of the second fixing plate (17), and the connecting pipe (20) penetrates through the inside of the second fixing plate (17).

4. The arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer of the simulated hemodialysis patient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fixing pins (14) penetrate through the inside of the first fixing plate (13), the central axes of the fixing pins (14) and the central axis of the rubber head (15) are overlapped, and the fixing pins (14) are distributed in the inside of the first fixing plate (13) in an equidistant mode.

5. The arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer of the simulated hemodialysis patient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the central axis of the hydraulic support rod (22) is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate (24), the illuminating lamps (23) are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the lower portion of the top plate (24), and the horizontal line of the top plate (24) is parallel to the horizontal line of the placing plate (12).

6. The arteriovenous internal fistula puncture simulation trainer of the simulated hemodialysis patient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alarm lamp (26) forms a sliding structure through the clamping blocks (28) and the clamping grooves (27), the external size of the clamping blocks (28) is matched with the internal size of the clamping grooves (27), and the clamping blocks (28) are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the alarm lamp (26).