CN112257238A - Risk assessment method and device for insulation damage of circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes - Google Patents
Risk assessment method and device for insulation damage of circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多重雷下的断路器绝缘受损风险评估方法及其装置，所述方法基于电磁暂态程序建立仿真模型，模拟反击塔顶和绕击导线的实验，仿真得到反击临界雷电流和绕击临界雷电流，并结合反击杆塔的落雷次数、绕击导线次数和相关理论公式综合确定断路器在多重雷击下的绝缘受损率，并根据所述断路器绝缘受损率，来评估断路器的雷电风险；本发明的断路器绝缘受损率的计算结果精准，能够准确对站内断路器的雷电风险进行评估，为断路器的防护及安全运行提供技术支撑。
The invention discloses a method and a device for assessing the risk of damage to the insulation of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes. The method establishes a simulation model based on an electromagnetic transient program, simulates an experiment of counterattacking the top of a tower and a shielded wire, and obtains a counterattack critical lightning strike through simulation. The current and the critical lightning current of the shielding strike, combined with the number of lightning strikes of the counterattack tower, the number of shielded conductors and related theoretical formulas, comprehensively determine the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes, and according to the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker, Assess the lightning risk of the circuit breaker; the calculation result of the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker of the invention is accurate, can accurately assess the lightning risk of the circuit breaker in the station, and provides technical support for the protection and safe operation of the circuit breaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lightning protection of power system transformation equipment, in particular to a method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning.
Background
In recent years, lightning activities in the five provinces of the south China network are frequent, the failure rate of power transmission and transformation equipment such as a circuit breaker caused by lightning strike is high, particularly, an event that a fracture of the circuit breaker equipment in an open-type transformer substation explodes due to lightning invasion waves often occurs, and the lightning strike frequently threatens the safety and stability of a power system. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the lightning risk of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning, provide technical support for the protection and safe operation of the circuit breaker, and ensure the safe operation of the circuit breaker and the transformer substation system.
The applicant finds that the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokes can be reasonably determined, and the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokes can be accurately reflected. However, in the prior art, when calculating the lightning damage rate of equipment such as a circuit breaker, a probability statistics prediction method is generally adopted, but the method firstly needs to collect a large amount of historical operation data of the equipment, then a large amount of simulation is performed by combining a computer, the calculation is complex, and because the assumption used by the calculation method is not strict, the simplified calculation result may have a large difference from the actual situation, the calculation result is inaccurate, and the method is difficult to be directly applied to the calculation of the actual engineering, so that the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning can not be accurately evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning, which can accurately calculate the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes, so that the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning can be more accurately evaluated.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning, which comprises the following steps:
collecting equipment data in a station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment;
establishing a line-transformer substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data;
adopting multiple mines to simulate counterattack and shielding attack on each tower in the simulation model, and respectively obtaining the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn；
Calculating the number N of lightning strikes of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2；
According to the back-strike critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn；
According to the shielding failure critical lightning current I of each towerrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn；
According to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess；
According to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
Preferably, the establishing a line-substation lightning invasion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station device data specifically includes:
adopting a JMarti frequency correlation model to establish a line model in an electromagnetic transient program, adopting a multi-wave impedance model to establish a tower model, adopting a pilot development model to establish an insulator string model, adopting a nonlinear resistance model to establish a tower ground resistance model, adopting a wave impedance model to establish an in-station connecting wire, and simulating equipment such as a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, a current transformer and the like by using capacitance equivalence;
and (4) establishing a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model by combining the model and the equipment.
Preferably, multiple mines are adopted in the simulation model to simulate counterattack and shielding attack on each tower, and the counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower is obtained respectivelyfnAnd lightning strike critical current IrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
2 times of continuous pulse lightning current is adopted to simulate multiple lightning;
simulating a counterattack tower top experiment of each tower by adopting multiple lightning, and calculating counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker in real time;
when the counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker reaches the rated lightning impulse tolerance level ULThen, the counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower is obtainedfn；
Simulating a shielding failure experiment of a lead of each tower by adopting multiple lightning to obtain each shielding failure critical lightning current Irn。
Preferably, the establishing a line-substation lightning intruding wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station device data further specifically includes:
when the simulation model is established, the influence of power frequency voltage and induced lightning voltage is considered, wherein the induced lightning voltage is calculated by the following formula:
wherein u is the induced lightning voltage, i is the lightning current, h c Is the average height of the wire, hgAnd k is the ground wire average height, and the coupling coefficient of the ground wire is shown as k.
Preferably, the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distribution is obtained by:
the actual ground lightning condition of the preset time of the transformer substation area is counted by combining a lightning positioning system, and the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude is obtained by fitting as follows:
wherein I is the lightning resistance level of the line, a0And b0Are fitting parameters.
Preferably, said eachCalculating the number N of lightning strikes of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the lightning strike frequency of each tower by the following formula:
Nn1＝0.001Ng(28hTn 0.6+b)gnln,1≤n≤N；
then, the number of times of wire-around-hitting is Nn2Calculated by the following formula:
Nn2＝0.1Ng(28hT 0.6+b)-Nn1，1≤n≤N，
wherein N isgIs the ground flash density, hTnB is the distance between two ground lines, gnFor the tower strike rate, |nThe distance between a tower and a transformer substation is shown, and N is the base number of the tower.
Preferably, the critical lightning strike current I according to each tower isfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudernThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
counterattack critical lightning current I based on each towerfnCalculating the probability P that each counterattack lightning current is greater than the counterattack critical lightning current through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionfnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the probability P that each lightning strike current is greater than the critical lightning strike currentfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack intrusion wavefnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
ηfn＝Nn1·Pfn(i≥Ifn)，(1≤n≤N)，
wherein, IfnIs the back-strike critical lightning current of the tower, and N is the base of the towerAnd (4) counting.
Preferably, the critical lightning current I of the shielding failure according to each tower isrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on each of the shielding failure critical lightning current IrnCalculating the probability P that each lightning current is larger than the critical lightning current of the lightning through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the probability P that each of the shielding failure lightning currents is larger than the shielding failure critical lightning currentrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wavernThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, IrnCritical lightning current for tower strike, ImaxThe maximum lightning current is around the lightning.
Preferably, the insulation damage rate η of the circuit breaker according to each of the counterattack intrusion wavesfnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokessSpecifically, it is calculated by the following formula:
wherein m is the number of outgoing lines connected with the circuit breaker.
The invention provides a circuit breaker insulation damage risk assessment device under multiple thunder, which comprises:
the equipment data acquisition unit is used for acquiring equipment data in the station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment;
the simulation model building unit is used for building a line-transformer substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data;
a lightning current obtaining unit, configured to perform counterattack and shielding failure simulation on each tower by using multiple lightning in the simulation model, and obtain a counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower respectivelyfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn；
A number obtaining unit for calculating the number of lightning strike N of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2；
The counterattack breaker damage rate acquisition unit is used for acquiring the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn；
A damage rate obtaining unit for the shielding failure breaker according to each shielding failure critical lightning current IrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn；
A circuit breaker damage rate obtaining unit for obtaining the circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess；
A thunder risk determination unit for determining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for evaluating the insulation damage risk of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning are characterized in that a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model under multiple lightning impacts is established in an electromagnetic transient program, the counterattack critical lightning current and the shielding failure lightning current of each tower are obtained based on model simulation, the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes is comprehensively calculated by combining a relevant theoretical formula, and the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning invasion waves is evaluated according to the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker; the circuit breaker insulation damage rate calculation result is accurate, the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning invasion waves can be accurately evaluated, and technical support is provided for protection and safe operation of the circuit breaker.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model of a lightning current counterattack tower top and a lightning wire according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S3 of the method for assessing risk of damage to the insulation of a circuit breaker under multiple thunderstorms according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating a risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention includes steps S1-S8:
s1, collecting equipment data in the station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment.
And S2, establishing a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model in the electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 specifically includes:
adopting a JMarti frequency correlation model to establish a line model in an electromagnetic transient program, adopting a multi-wave impedance model to establish a tower model, adopting a pilot development model to establish an insulator string model, adopting a nonlinear resistance model to establish a tower ground resistance model, adopting a wave impedance model to establish an in-station connecting wire, and simulating equipment such as a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, a current transformer and the like by using capacitance equivalence;
and (4) establishing a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model by combining the model and the equipment.
S3, adopting multiple mines to simulate counterattack and shielding attack on each tower in the simulation model, and respectively obtaining the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn。
Specifically, the step S3 includes steps S31-S34:
s31, simulating multiple mines by adopting 2 times of continuous pulse lightning current;
in the implementation, multiple lightning is simulated in the form of 2 continuous pulses in an electromagnetic transient program, and the amplitude of the pulses is set to be a constant value I0And the time interval between the second pulse and the first pulse is t, the in-station circuit breaker is controlled by a time control switch in an electromagnetic transient program, the circuit breaker is in a closed state under the first pulse, and the circuit breaker is in an open state when the second pulse comes after the time t.
S32, simulating counterattack tower top experiments of each tower by adopting multiple mines, and calculating counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker in real time;
s33, when the counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker reaches the rated lightning impulse tolerance level ULThen, the counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower is obtainedfn；
S34, using multipleSimulating the shielding failure experiment of the lead of each tower by the lightning to obtain the critical lightning current I of each shielding failurern。
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lightning current counterattack tower top and a lightning protection wire provided by an embodiment of the invention, wherein equivalent models of equipment in the station are not drawn in the figure due to differences in wiring forms of substations, and a CVT1, a CVT2, an MOA1 and an MOA2 are respectively a voltage transformer and a lightning arrester at an inlet of the substation. In the specific implementation of the embodiment, a total of 5 base towers are arranged in a 2km range of a substation line segment, and are respectively set as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, and then lightning current is simulated on T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 to counter attack the situations of the tower top and the wire around by using multiple lightning.
Preferably, the establishing a line-substation lightning intruding wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station device data further specifically includes:
when the simulation model is established, the influence of power frequency voltage and induced lightning voltage is considered, wherein the induced lightning voltage is calculated by the following formula:
wherein u is the magnitude of induced lightning voltage, i is lightning current, and hcIs the average height of the wire, hgAnd k is the ground wire average height, and the coupling coefficient of the ground wire is shown as k.
In specific implementation, electromagnetic transient program simulation is selected, an MODELS module and a TACS module are adopted, firstly, pole tower structure parameters are utilized to calculate a coupling coefficient k between a ground wire and a three-phase lead, then, induced voltage of a circuit breaker changing along with lightning current in real time is calculated in the MODELS module according to the formula, and the TACS module is utilized to enable the induced voltage u and line running voltage u in lightning stroke to change0And the voltage u of the ground line coupled to the conductor1The simulation method is applied to a lead where a lightning pole tower is located, so that the actual influence of induced voltage is simulated, and the accuracy and the effectiveness of a simulation result are ensured.
S4, calculating the lightning strike frequency N of each towern1And each of saidNumber of wire wraparoundn2。
Specifically, the step S4 includes:
calculating the number of lightning strikes of each tower through the following formula,
Nn1＝0.001Ng(28hTn 0.6+b)gnln,1≤n≤N；
then, the number of times of wire-around-hitting is Nn2Calculated by the following formula:
Nn2＝0.1Ng(28hT 0.6+b)-Nn1，1≤n≤N，
wherein N isn1Number of lightning strikes for tower, NgIs the ground flash density, hTnB is the distance between two ground lines, gnFor the tower strike rate, |nThe distance between the tower and the transformer substation.
S5, according to the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn。
Specifically, the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distribution in step S5 is obtained by:
the actual ground lightning condition of the preset time of the transformer substation area is counted by combining a lightning positioning system, and the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude is obtained by fitting as follows:
wherein I is the lightning resistance level of the line, a0And b0Are fitting parameters.
Further, the step S5 specifically includes:
counterattack critical lightning current I based on each towerfnCalculating the probability P that each counterattack lightning current is greater than the counterattack critical lightning current through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionfnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
in specific implementation, the counterattack critical lightning current I obtained by each tower is obtainedfnSubstituting the probability P into the lightning current amplitude probability distribution to obtain the probability P that the counterattack lightning current is greater than the counterattack critical lightning currentfn。
According to the probability P that each lightning strike current is greater than the critical lightning strike currentfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack intrusion wavefnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
ηfn＝Nn1·Pfn(i≥Ifn)，(1≤n≤N)。
s6, according to the lightning shielding critical current I of each towerrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn。
Specifically, the step S6 specifically includes:
lightning shielding failure critical lightning current I based on each towerrnCalculating the probability P that each lightning current is larger than the critical lightning current of the lightning through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the probability P that each of the shielding failure lightning current is larger than the shielding failure critical lightning currentrnAnd each said number of shielding failure Nn2Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wavefnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, IrnTo circumvent the critical lightning current, ImaxThe maximum lightning current can be obtained through simulation calculation.
S7, according to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess。
In specific implementation, the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersCalculated by the following formula:
wherein m is the outgoing line number of the circuit breaker, and N is the base number of the tower.
S8, according to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
Compared with the prior art, the method for evaluating the insulation damage risk of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning is characterized in that a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model under multiple lightning impacts is established in an electromagnetic transient program, the counterattack critical lightning current and the shielding failure lightning current of each tower are obtained based on model simulation, the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes is comprehensively calculated by combining a relevant theoretical formula, and the lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning strikes is determined according to the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker; the method and the device have the advantages that the obtained calculation result of the insulation damage rate of the circuit breaker is accurate, and the risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple thunder can be accurately evaluated. According to the evaluation result, the configuration strategy of the lightning arrester in the station can be reasonably determined, the breaker equipment is ensured to be in an effective protection range, and the safety and stability of the system are fundamentally improved.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes: the device comprises a device data acquisition unit 1, a simulation model construction unit 2, a lightning current acquisition unit 3, a frequency acquisition unit 4, a counterattack breaker damage rate acquisition unit 5, a shielding failure breaker damage rate acquisition unit 6, a breaker damage rate acquisition unit 7 and a lightning risk determination unit 8, wherein,
the equipment data acquisition unit 1 is used for acquiring equipment data in the station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment;
the simulation model building unit 2 is used for building a line-transformer substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data;
a lightning current obtaining unit 3, configured to perform counterattack and shielding failure simulation on each tower by using multiple lightning in the simulation model, and obtain a counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower respectivelyfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn；
A number obtaining unit 4 for calculating the number of lightning strike N of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2；
A strike-back circuit breaker damage rate obtaining unit 5 for obtaining the strike-back critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn；
The damage rate obtaining unit 6 of the shielding failure breaker is used for obtaining the critical lightning current I of each shielding failurernAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn；
A circuit breaker damage rate obtaining unit 7 for obtaining the circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess；
Lightning risk determination unit 8For determining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
Specifically, the number obtaining unit 4 further includes: a lightning strike frequency acquisition subunit and a wire-around-hit frequency acquisition subunit, wherein,
the lightning strike frequency obtaining subunit is configured to calculate the lightning strike frequency of each tower, specifically by using the following formula:
Nn1＝0.001Ng(28hTn 0.6+b)gnln,1≤n≤N，
wherein N isgIs the ground flash density, hTnB is the distance between two ground lines, gnFor the tower strike rate, |nThe distance between the tower and the transformer substation is defined, and N is the base number of the tower;
the wire around-hitting frequency obtaining subunit is configured to calculate the frequency of around hitting each wire around-hitting according to the following formula:
Nn2＝0.1Ng(28hT 0.6+b)-Nn1，1≤n≤N。
specifically, the counterattack breaker damage rate obtaining unit 5 further includes: a counterattack probability obtaining subunit and a counterattack damage rate obtaining subunit, wherein,
the counterattack probability obtaining subunit is used for obtaining the counterattack critical lightning current I based on each towerfnCalculating the probability P that each counterattack lightning current is greater than the counterattack critical lightning current through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionfnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the back-strike damage rate obtaining subunit is used for obtaining the probability P of each back-strike lightning current being greater than the back-strike critical lightning currentfnAnd number of landmine times Nn1The insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave is calculated by the following formulafn:
ηfn＝Nn1·Pfn(i≥Ifn)，(1≤n≤N)。
Specifically, the damage rate obtaining unit 6 for the shielding failure breaker includes: a shielding failure probability obtaining subunit and a shielding failure damage rate obtaining subunit, wherein,
the shielding failure probability obtaining subunit is configured to obtain a shielding failure critical lightning current I based on each towerrnCalculating the probability P that each lightning current is larger than the critical lightning current of the lightning through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the shielding failure rate obtaining subunit is configured to obtain a probability P that each shielding failure lightning current is greater than a shielding failure critical lightning currentrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2The insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave is calculated by the following formulafn:
Wherein, IrnTo circumvent the critical lightning current, ImaxAnd N is the base number of the tower for the maximum lightning shielding current.
Further, the breaker damage rate obtaining unit 6 is specifically configured to: calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker by the following formulas：
Wherein m is the outgoing line number of the circuit breaker, and N is the base number of the tower.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting equipment data in a station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment;
establishing a line-transformer substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data;
adopting multiple mines to simulate counterattack and shielding attack on each tower in the simulation model, and respectively obtaining the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn；
Calculating the number N of lightning strikes of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2；
According to the back-strike critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn；
According to each of the shielding failure critical lightning current IrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn；
According to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess；
According to the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
2. The method for assessing the risk of damage to the insulation of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the establishing of the line-substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in the electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station device data specifically comprises:
adopting a JMarti frequency correlation model to establish a line model in an electromagnetic transient program, adopting a multi-wave impedance model to establish a tower model, adopting a pilot development model to establish an insulator string model, adopting a nonlinear resistance model to establish a tower ground resistance model, adopting a wave impedance model to establish an in-station connecting wire, and simulating equipment such as a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, a current transformer and the like by using capacitance equivalence;
and (4) establishing a line-transformer substation lightning invasion wave simulation model by combining the model and the equipment.
3. The method for evaluating the risk of insulation damage of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simulation of counterattack and shielding failure of each tower is performed by multiple lightning in the simulation model, and the counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower is obtained respectivelyfnAnd lightning strike critical current IrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
2 times of continuous pulse lightning current is adopted in an electromagnetic transient program to simulate multiple lightning;
simulating a counterattack tower top experiment of each tower by adopting multiple lightning, and calculating counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker in real time;
when the counterattack lightning overvoltage on the circuit breaker reaches the rated lightning impulse tolerance level ULThen, the counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower is obtainedfn；
Simulating a shielding failure experiment of a lead of each tower by adopting multiple lightning to obtain each shielding failure critical lightning current Irn。
4. The method for assessing the risk of damage to the insulation of the circuit breaker under multiple thunderstorms according to claim 1, wherein the establishing a line-substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station device data further comprises:
when the simulation model is established, the influence of power frequency voltage and induced lightning voltage is considered, wherein the induced lightning voltage is calculated by the following formula:
wherein u is the induced lightning voltage, i is the lightning current, hcIs the average height of the wire, hgAnd k is the ground wire average height, and the coupling coefficient of the ground wire is shown as k.
5. The method for assessing the risk of damage to the insulation of a circuit breaker under multiple thunderstorms as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pre-obtained distribution of the lightning current amplitude probability is obtained by:
the actual ground lightning condition of the preset time of the transformer substation area is counted by combining a lightning positioning system, and the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude is obtained by fitting as follows:
wherein I is the lightning resistance level of the line, a0And b0Are fitting parameters.
6. The method for assessing the risk of insulation damage of circuit breaker under multiple lightning as claimed in claim 5, wherein said calculating the number of lightning strikes N for each of said towers respectivelyn1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2The method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the lightning strike frequency of each tower by the following formula:
Nn1＝0.001Ng(28hTn 0.6+b)gnln,1≤n≤N；
then, the number of times of wire-around-hitting is Nn2Calculated by the following formula:
Nn2＝0.1Ng(28hTn 0.6+b)-Nn1，1≤n≤N，
wherein N isgIs the ground flash density, hTnB is the distance between two ground lines, gnFor the tower strike rate, |nAnd N is the base number of the tower, wherein N is the distance between the tower and the transformer substation.
7. The method for assessing the risk of damage to the insulation of a circuit breaker under multiple lightning as claimed in claim 6, wherein said lightning strike critical lightning current I is determined for each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudernThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
counterattack critical lightning current I based on each towerfnCalculating the probability P that each counterattack lightning current is greater than the counterattack critical lightning current through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionfnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the probability P that each lightning strike current is greater than the critical lightning strike currentfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack intrusion wavefnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
ηfn＝Nn1·Pfn(i≥Ifn)，(1≤n≤N)，
wherein, IfnThe tower lightning current is the back-strike critical lightning current of the tower, and N is the base number of the tower.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the risk of damage to the insulation of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning is determined according to the critical lightning current I of each of the shielding failurernAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2In combination with previously acquired lightning current amplitudesThe value probability distribution type is adopted to calculate the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wavernThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on each of the shielding failure critical lightning current IrnCalculating the probability P that each lightning current is larger than the critical lightning current of the lightning through the lightning current amplitude probability distributionrnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the probability P that each of the shielding failure lightning current is larger than the shielding failure critical lightning currentrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2Obtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure intrusion wavefnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, IrnIs the critical lightning current of the wiremaxThe maximum lightning current is around the lightning.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the risk of damage to the insulation of the circuit breaker due to multiple lightning strikes is determined according to the insulation damage rate η of the circuit breaker due to each of the counter-strike intrusion wavesfnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokessSpecifically, it is calculated by the following formula:
wherein m is the number of outgoing lines connected with the circuit breaker.
10. The utility model provides a damaged risk assessment device of circuit breaker insulation under multiple thunderbolt which characterized in that includes:
the equipment data acquisition unit is used for acquiring equipment data in the station; the station equipment data comprises lines, towers, insulator strings, main equipment electrical plane diagrams in the transformer substation and relevant parameters of equipment;
the simulation model building unit is used for building a line-transformer substation lightning intrusion wave simulation model in an electromagnetic transient program according to the in-station equipment data;
a lightning current obtaining unit, configured to perform counterattack and shielding failure simulation on each tower by using multiple lightning in the simulation model, and obtain a counterattack critical lightning current I of each tower respectivelyfnAnd lightning strike critical current Irn；
A number obtaining unit for calculating the number of lightning strike N of each towern1And the number of times of wire-around-striking Nn2；
The counterattack breaker damage rate acquisition unit is used for acquiring the counterattack critical lightning current I of each towerfnAnd each said number of landings Nn1And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each counterattack invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained probability distribution of the lightning current amplitudefn；
A damage rate obtaining unit for the shielding failure breaker according to each shielding failure critical lightning current IrnAnd the number of times of wire-around-striking of each wire is Nn2And calculating the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breaker under each shielding failure invasion wave by combining with the pre-obtained lightning current amplitude probability distributionrn；
A circuit breaker damage rate obtaining unit for obtaining the circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each counterattack invasion wavefnAnd a circuit breaker insulation damage rate eta under each of said shielding failure intrusion wavesrnObtaining the insulation damage rate eta of the in-station circuit breaker under multiple lightning strokess；
A thunder risk determination unit for determining the insulation damage rate eta of the circuit breakersDetermining a lightning risk level of the circuit breaker under multiple lightning intrusions.
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